MP Police Constable : (26 Nov 2025, Shift 1) Memory-Based Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Poles.

Important Points

• The ozone layer is a natural layer of gas in the upper atmosphere that protects humans and other living things from harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun.
• The ozone layer is typically thicker over the poles than over the equator.
• The ozone layer exists in the stratosphere, a layer 10 to 50 km above the Earth’s surface.
• The reasons for ozone depletion are a wide range of industrial and consumer applications, mainly refrigerators, air conditioners (hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs)), and fire extinguishers.
• Ozone depletion is greatest at the South Pole (Antarctica).

Key Points

• This severe depletion creates the so-called “ozone hole”.
• The Negative Effects of the ozone hole are certain types of skin cancers, eye cataracts, and immune deficiency disorders.
• UV rays also affect plant growth, reducing agricultural productivity.
• The international community established the Montreal Protocol on ozone-depleting substances in 1987, to address the destruction of the ozone layer.

The least possible Venn diagram is as follows:

Conclusions:

I. Some pants are shoes. - Does not follow (it is possible but not definite)

II. Some shirts are coats. - Follows (the part of shirts that is pants is coats)

III. All shirts are coats. - Does not follow (it is possible but not definite)

IV. No pants are shoes. - Does not follow (it is possible but not definite)

• Hence, only conclusion II follows.

Hence, "option 4" is the correct answer.

Given:

The average score of a batsman is 50 runs / innings. In the next 5 innings he scores 400 runs and his average score increases by 5.

Formula used:

Average = Sum of all number/Total number of values

Calculation:

Let the number of innings initially be x.

So, The Sum of runs

= Average × no. of innings

= 50x

Now, According to question,

50x + 400 = (x + 5) × 55

⇒ 55x - 50x = 400 - 275

⇒ 5x = 125

⇒ x = 25

Hence, Total number of innings

= x + 5

= 25 + 5

= 30

∴ The Required number of innings is 30.

The correct answer is Ribosomes

Key Points

• Ribosomes are the only organelles found in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells.
• They are responsible for protein synthesis in the cell.
• Ribosomes can be found floating freely within the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotic cells.
• In prokaryotic cells, ribosomes are smaller (70S) compared to those in eukaryotic cells (80S).
• Despite the size difference, the fundamental function of ribosomes remains the same across both cell types.

Additional Information

• Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles, which distinguishes them from eukaryotic cells.
• Eukaryotic cells contain various membrane-bound organelles, including the nucleus, mitochondria, and lysosomes, which are absent in prokaryotic cells.
• The presence of ribosomes in both cell types highlights their essential role in the fundamental process of protein synthesis.
• The differences in ribosome size between prokaryotes and eukaryotes are due to variations in their ribosomal RNA and protein content.

The possible family tree diagram is :

Hence, paternal cousin is the correct answer.

Mistake Points

• Lolita is Sarah's paternal aunt's daughter. Therefore, the answer would be paternal cousin.

Given:

Principal = Rs. 50000

Time Duration = 3 years

Rate of Interest = 6%

Formula Use:

Amount (A) = Principal (P) + Simple Interest (SI)

Simple Interest (SI) = PNR / 100

Where, 

P = Principal

N = Time Duration

R = Rate of Interest

Calculation:

We know,

Simple Interest (SI) = PNR / 100

⇒ (50000 × 3 × 6) / 100

⇒ Rs. 9000 

Amount (A) =  Principal (P) + Simple Interest (SI)

A = Rs. 50000 + Rs. 9000

A = Rs. 59000

Therefore, the amount after 3 years will be Rs. 59000.

Hence, the correct answer is Rs. 59000.

Concept:

• Aschelminthes are commonly known as roundworms.
• Roundworms make up the phylum Nematoda.
• This is a very diverse animal phylum.
• It has more than 80000 known species.
• Roundworms have a tough covering of cuticles on the surface of their body.
• It prevents their body from expanding.

Explanation:

• Ascaris belongs to Phylum Aschelminthes.
• PHYLUM ASCHELMINTHES:
• Animals belonging to this phylum are commonly referred to as roundworms.

1. Habitat: These are either free-living - aquatic and terrestrial -  or parasitic in nature.
2. Body symmetry: Bilaterally symmetrical
3. Germ layers: Triploblastic
4. Body cavity: Psedocoelomate i.e. has false coelom
5. Level of organization: Organ system grade of body organization.
6. Body: 

• ​​Worm-like cylindrical.
• The body is not metamerically segmented i.e. body is not divided into similar segments (metameres).

7. Alimentary canal:

• Straight and complete with a well-developed muscular pharynx.

8. Excretory system:

• Includes a pair of canals.
• The excretory tube removes the waste from the body. It is expelled through the excretory pore.

9. Nervous system: Simple with nerve ring having anterior and posterior longitudinal nerves.
10. Other systems: Respiratory and circulatory systems are absent.
11. Sexes: 

• Dioecious i.e. sexes are separate.
• Often females are longer than males.

12. Fertilization and Development:

• Fertilization is internal.
• Development may be direct or indirect.

13. Examples:

• Ascaris
• Wuchereria
• Rotifera

Thus from the above-given information, **Ascaris does not have a true coelom nor does it show metamerism.**​

So the correct answer is Option 2 (Presence of neither true coelom nor metamerism).

In option 2, 3 and 4 there is a difference of three in positional values of letters whereas in option 1 there is a difference of three in positional value of first two letters and difference of two in last two letters.

Hence, GDB is the correct answer.

Given:

The average of 49 items is 24.

If one more item is added to them, then the average becomes 24.5.

Concept:

\(Average = \frac{\text {Sum of the observation}}{\text {Number of the observation}}\)

Solution:

Average of 49 items = 24

Average of 49 items = \(\frac{\text{Sum of 49 items}}{49}=24\)

Sum of 49 items = 24 x 49 = 1176

As per the question,

If one more item is added to them, then the average becomes 24.5.

Let the value of 50^th item be X.

Average of 50 items = 24.5

Average of 50 items is \(\frac{\text{Sum of 49 items+X}}{50}\)

 \(\frac{\text{Sum of 49 items+X}}{50}=24.5\)

\({\text{1176+X}}=24.5 × 50\)

\(X=1225-1176=49\)

The value of 50^th item is 49.

Hence, option 3 is correct. 

Shortcut Trick 

Here average is increased after the addition of one item

⇒ 50^th item = Old Average + (Increase) × No. of new terms

⇒ 50^th item = 24 + (0.5) × 50 = 24 + 25 = 49

The correct answer is Alcohol.

• The process of breakdown of food in the cell with the release of energy is called cellular respiration.
• In the cell, the food (glucose) is broken down into carbon dioxide and water using oxygen.
• When the breakdown of glucose occurs with the use of oxygen it is called aerobic respiration.
• When the breakdown of glucose occurs without the use of oxygen it is called anaerobic respiration.
• Breakdown of food releases energy.
• In the absence of oxygen, glucose breaks down into alcohol, carbon dioxide, and energy.
• In the presence of oxygen, glucose breaks down into the water, carbon dioxide, and energy.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols:

Hence, that woman is the wife of Mukesh.

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of efficiency of A : B : C = 1/8 : 1/10 : 1/12

Multiply by LCM(8, 10, 12) = 120 → Efficiency Ratio = 15 : 12 : 10

Total ratio units = 15 + 12 + 10 = 37 units

37 units = ₹5,550 → 1 unit = 150

Share of B = 12 × 150 = ₹1,800

∴ The correct answer is ₹1800.

Alternate Method

Given:

Time taken by A = 8 days

Time taken by B = 10 days

Time taken by C = 12 days

Total amount received = ₹5,550

Formula Used:

Efficiency = Total Work ÷ Time

Share of a person = (Individual Efficiency ÷ Total Efficiency) × Total Amount

Calculations:

⇒ Total Efficiency of A, B and C = 15 + 12 + 10 = 37 units

⇒ Total amount to be distributed = ₹5,550

⇒ Share of B = (Efficiency of B ÷ Total Efficiency) × Total Amount

⇒ Share of B = (12 ÷ 37) × 5550

⇒ Share of B = 12 × 150

⇒ Share of B = ₹1,800

∴ The correct answer is ₹1800.

Additional Information

Work and Wages Relationship

Wages are distributed in the ratio of the work done by each person. If everyone works for the same duration, the ratio of work done is equal to the ratio of their efficiencies.

Efficiency and Time Inverse Rule

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken. If time ratio is x:y, then efficiency ratio is y:x for the same amount of work.

Total Work Assumption

The most common method to solve Time and Work problems is by assuming the LCM of given time periods as the Total Work units.

The Correct Answer is Option 2 i.e Neuron.

• Neurons, also known as nerve cells, send and receive signals from the brain.

• A neuron has 3 parts: the dendrites, the cell body (also called the "soma"), the axon.'

• Dendrites - It takes information to the cell body.

• Cell body (soma) - the part of the cell that contains the nucleus.

• Axon - It takes information away from the cell body.

• The functional unit of the Kidney is the nephron.

• Red blood cells also called erythrocytes.

• Red blood cells help in carrying oxygen throughout the body.

• Hemoglobin is a pigment in the red blood cells which gives the cells their red color.

• White blood cells (WBCs) are also called leukocytes.

• These help in protecting the body against foreign invaders.

Given Statement: Should political cartoons be regulated?

Argument:

I. Yes, under the pretext of free expression, they may prove to be divisive - Weak Argument (Because, it is based on a hypothetical risk. It is possible that political cartoons could be divisive, but it is also possible that they could be used to promote understanding and unity).

II. No, they are one of the best ways to provide insight into key social issues, events, and power relations - Strong Argument (Because, it directly addresses the question of whether political cartoons should be regulated. It also provides a clear and compelling reason for why political cartoons should not be regulated. and, The ability of political cartoons to provide insight into key social issues, events, and power relations is an important consideration. Political cartoons can help to raise awareness of important issues and can also provide a unique perspective on current events).

So, Only Argument II is strong.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Given:

Pipe 'P' can fill a tank in 5 hours.

Pipe 'Q' can fill the same tank in 15 hours.

Pipe 'R' can empty the same tank in 7.5 hours

Concept used:

The efficiency of a person is the inverse of the time taken

Calculation:

P's per hour efficiency = 1/5

Q's per hour efficiency = 1/15

R's per hour efficiency = - 1/7.5 = - 2/15; negative because it is emptying the tank

Total efficiency of P, Q, R working together = \(\frac{1}{5}\) + \(​​\frac{1}{15}\) - \(\frac{2}{15}\) = \(\frac{2}{15}\) = \(\frac{1}{7.5}\)

Since the time taken is the inverse of efficiency 

∴ Together they will take 7.5 hours to fill the tank

The correct answer is Uttar Pradesh.

In News

• Uttar Pradesh won the first prize for the best tableau at the Republic Day Parade 2025.

Key Points

• Uttar Pradesh’s tableau was themed "Mahakumbh 2025 - Swarnim Bharat: Virasat aur Vikas".
• It depicted the grand Mahakumbh festival, a significant religious and cultural event.
• Tripura and Andhra Pradesh secured the second and third positions, respectively.
• Ministry of Tribal Affairs won the best tableau among Central Ministries for "Janjatiya Gaurav Varsh".

Additional Information

• Popular Choice Awards (MyGov Poll)
• Gujarat’s tableau "Swarnim Bharat: Virasat Aur Vikas" won the first prize in the public voting category.
• Uttar Pradesh secured the second position in the public poll for "Mahakumbh 2025".
• Uttarakhand ranked third with a tableau on "Cultural Heritage and Adventure Sports".
• Best Marching Contingents
• Among Services, the Jammu & Kashmir Rifles Contingent won first place.
• Among CAPFs/auxiliary forces, Delhi Police Marching Contingent was awarded the best.
• In Popular Choice Category, the Signals Contingent (Services) and CRPF Contingent (CAPFs) won.

The pattern followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, “VBMO” is the correct answer.

Given:

The average of three numbers is 45.

Formula used:

Average = Sum of all terms/Total number of terms

Calculation:

Let the third number be x

∴ Second number = 3 × x = 3x

And, first number = 2 × 3x = 6x

∴ 45 = (6x + 3x + x)/3

⇒ x = 13.5

Alternate Method

 The ratio of the three nubmers = 6 ∶ 3 ∶ 1

Sum of the three numbers = 45 × 3 = (6 + 3 + 1) units

Sumallest number = 1 unit = 45 × 3/10 =13.5  

So, the smallest number is the third number which is 13.5.

The correct answer is carbon dioxide.

Key Points

• Urea is now prepared commercially from liquid ammonia and liquid carbon dioxide.
• The chemical name of urea is carbamide, the diamide of carbonic acid.
• Its formula is NH₂CONH₂.
• Urea has important uses as a fertilizer and feeds supplement.
• It is a colourless substance existing in the crystalline form, which melts at 132.7°C (271° F).
• Urea is a waste product in the body with no physiological function.
• It dissolves in the kidney and blood before it is excreted as urine.

Important Points

• Uses of Urea
• It is mainly used as a nitrogen release fertilizer.
• Urea is used as a stabilizer in most nitrocellulose explosive products.
• It is used in manufacturing high explosive materials like urea nitrate (CH₅N₃O₄).
• It is used as an important reagent in lanthanide chemistry.
• It is used in creams/ointments that are used for rehydration.
• It is used in hair removal creams and dish soaps.
• It is used as a browning agent for pretzels.
• It is used in manufacturing melamine.
• It is used to detect the bacteria in the stomach through the urea breath test.

The path followed by Katrina is :

The shortest distance between ice cream parlour and central park can be calculated using the Pythagoras theorem.

(Hypotenuse)² = (Base)² + (Height)²

= √(15)² + (30)²

= √225 + 900

= √1125

= 33.5

Hence, 33.5 m is the correct answer.

Given:

The side of the equilateral triangle = 10 cm

Formula used:

Area of equilateral triangle = (√3/4) × (side)² 

Calculation:

Area of the triangle = (√3/4) × 10² 

⇒ Area of the equilateral triangle = 100√3/4 = 25√3 cm² 

∴ Area of the equilateral triangle is 25√3 cm²

The correct answer is:3

Explanation:

• Amylase is the enzyme primarily responsible for the digestion of carbohydrates in the small intestine. It breaks down starches (polysaccharides) into simpler sugars like maltose and dextrins.
• Salivary amylase starts carbohydrate digestion in the mouth, but the primary digestion of carbohydrates in the small intestine is carried out by pancreatic amylase, which is secreted by the pancreas into the small intestine.
• Pepsin: Pepsin is a protease enzyme that digests proteins in the stomach, not carbohydrates.
• Lipase: Lipase is responsible for the digestion of fats (lipids), not carbohydrates.
• Trypsin: Trypsin is another protease enzyme that digests proteins, similar to pepsin, but it acts in the small intestine.

The position of letter according to English alphabet series:

The pattern followed here is:

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "DFHQW".

Let ratio of ages of P and Q six years ago was 6x and 5x respectively

According to the question

(6x + 10)/(5x + 10) = 11/10

⇒ 60x + 100 = 55x + 110

⇒ 5x = 10

⇒ x = 2

∴ Present age of P = 2 × 6 + 6 = 18 years.

The correct answer is Odisha.

Key Points

• Bhitarkanika National Park is situated in the Kendrapara district of Odisha.
• It is the 2^nd largest Mangrove ecosystem of India after the Sundarbans.
• Bhitarkanika National Park is also popular as Mini Amazon of India.
• The mangrove forest is made by two river deltas of River Brahmani and Baitarani.
• The park alone is accountable for about 70 percent of India’s saltwater crocodile population.

Additional Information

• Other National parks and wildlife sanctuaries in Odisha:
• Simlipal National Park
• Badrama  Wildlife Sanctuary
• Bhitarkanika  Wildlife Sanctuary
• Chilika (Nalaban)  Wildlife Sanctuary
• Gahirmatha (Marine)  Wildlife Sanctuary
• Satkosia Gorge  Wildlife Sanctuary

According to the given statement,

Conclusion I: This does not follow, because some sort of action should be taken on such employees, but firing them is not an option.

Conclusion II: This follows, because such employees bring bad name to the company.

Hence, “only conclusion II” follows.

Given:

Average of first three numbers = 14

Average of last three numbers = 16

Total count of numbers = 4

Concept:

Average value = Sum of all values/Number of values

Calculation:

Let, the last number = x

According to the question,

⇒ 3 × 14 + x = 11 + 3 × 16

⇒ x + 42 = 59

⇒ x = 17

∴ Last number = 17

The correct answer is All the above.

Key Points

• The Rainbow Revolution is an integrated approach that combines various agricultural revolutions in India, such as Green, White, Blue, Yellow, and other revolutions.
• It encompasses food, agriculture, horticulture, and allied sectors to ensure overall agricultural development and self-sufficiency.
• It is a culmination of the Green Revolution (focused on increasing crop yields), White Revolution (focused on dairy production), and Blue Revolution (focused on fisheries).
• This revolution was introduced to achieve sustainability and economic independence in the agricultural sector of India.
• Rainbow Revolution was envisioned to boost India's agricultural output by integrating all these revolutions to meet the nation's growing demand for food and allied products.

Additional Information

• Green Revolution:
• Started in the 1960s, it aimed at increasing food grain production through the use of high-yielding variety (HYV) seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation.
• It led to self-sufficiency in food grains, particularly wheat and rice.
• White Revolution:
• Initiated in 1970 under the leadership of Dr. Verghese Kurien, it focused on increasing milk production in India.
• It made India the largest producer of milk in the world through the Operation Flood program.
• Blue Revolution:
• Focused on the growth of fisheries and aquaculture in India.
• Aimed at enhancing fish production and improving the livelihoods of fishermen.
• Yellow Revolution:
• Associated with increasing the production of edible oilseeds like mustard, sunflower, and soybeans.
• It was crucial to reduce India's dependency on imported edible oils.
• Other Revolutions:
• Pink Revolution: Focused on meat and poultry production.
• Brown Revolution: Related to leather and non-conventional energy resources.
• These revolutions collectively contribute to the Rainbow Revolution's vision of holistic agricultural development.

The logic followed here is:

• Smell(fragrance) comes from Rose.

Similarly, 

• Wisdom comes from experience.

Hence, "Experience" is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Profit share ratio = (Capital × Time) for each partner.

A : B : C = (10 × 4 + 7 × 8) : (10 × 4 + 6 × 8) : (10 × 4 + 13 × 8)

A : B : C = 96 : 88 : 144 = 12 : 11 : 18

Total ratio = 41 units = Rs. 32800 ⇒ 1 unit = Rs. 800

C's share = 18 × 800 = Rs. 14400

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 14400.

Alternate Method

Given: Initial investment of A, B and C = Rs. 10000 each. Transactions occur after 4 months for a total duration of 12 months.

Formula Used: Profit Ratio = (Initial Capital × Time₁) + (Updated Capital × Time₂)

⇒ A's share units = (10000 × 4) + (10000 − 3000) × 8 = 40000 + 56000 = 96000

⇒ B's share units = (10000 × 4) + (10000 − 4000) × 8 = 40000 + 48000 = 88000

⇒ C's share units = (10000 × 4) + (10000 + 3000) × 8 = 40000 + 104000 = 144000

⇒ Profit Ratio (A : B : C) = 96000 : 88000 : 144000 = 12 : 11 : 18

⇒ Total profit = 12x + 11x + 18x = 41x

⇒ 41x = 32800 ⇒ x = 800

⇒ C's share = 18 × 800 = Rs. 14400

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 14400.

Additional Information

Compound Partnership

When partners invest their capital for different time periods, the profit is distributed in the ratio of the products of their capital and time: P₁ : P₂ = (C₁ × T₁) : (C₂ × T₂).

Calculation of Capitals

If the profit ratio and time periods are known, the ratio of capitals can be found as C₁ : C₂ = (P₁/T₁) : (P₂/T₂).

Active and Sleeping Partner

An active partner is one who manages the business and usually receives a portion of the profit as salary before the remaining profit is divided based on investment ratios.

The correct answer is Nagaland.

Key Points

• The Hornbill Festival is an annual cultural festival celebrated in Nagaland, India.
• It is organized by the Government of Nagaland to encourage inter-tribal interaction and to promote the cultural heritage of Nagaland.
• The festival was first held in the year 2000 and has since become one of the largest cultural showcases in northeastern India.
• The 25^th edition of the Hornbill Festival was held in December 2024.
• The festival is named after the bird 'Hornbill', which is a significant cultural symbol for the tribes of Nagaland.

Additional Information

• Nagaland
• Nagaland is a state in northeastern India, known for its rich indigenous culture and traditions.
• The state is home to several tribes, each with its own unique customs and practices.
• Kohima is the capital of Nagaland, while Dimapur is its largest city.
• The state has a predominantly mountainous terrain, with lush green forests and scenic landscapes.
• Cultural Significance
• The Hornbill Festival is often referred to as the 'Festival of Festivals' due to its grand scale and diverse cultural displays.
• It features traditional music, dance performances, handloom and handicraft exhibitions, and indigenous games.
• Various Naga tribes showcase their traditional attire, rituals, and lifestyle during the festival.
• The festival also includes events like rock concerts, fashion shows, and adventure sports, attracting tourists from all over the world.
• Tourism Impact
• The Hornbill Festival has significantly boosted tourism in Nagaland, contributing to the state's economy.
• It provides a platform for local artisans and craftsmen to exhibit and sell their products.
• The festival promotes cross-cultural understanding and strengthens the bond between different tribes and communities.
• Visitors have the opportunity to experience the vibrant and diverse culture of Nagaland firsthand.

The family tree is given below:-

Vishal's father is the cousin brother of Vinay's father.

Hence, "option 1" is the correct answer.

Note:

This question was ignored in the official paper due to a discrepancy. Therefore, we have modified this question to make it logical.

Let CP of car be x

SP at 20% gain = x + 0.20x = 1.2x

SP at 25% gain = x + 0.25x = 1.25x

According to question,

1.25x – 1.2x = 50000

⇒ 0.05x = 50000

⇒ x = 50000/0.05

x = Rs.10,00,000

Initially  CP = 100%

SP increase 50000 when Profit increase 20% to 25%

5% = 50000

1% = 10000

100% = 1000000 or 10 lakh

CP = 10 lakh

The correct answer is Nitrogen.

Key Points

• Nitrogen is a crucial element for the synthesis of proteins and other compounds in plants.
• It is a major component of chlorophyll, the compound plants use in photosynthesis.
• Nitrogen is also a significant part of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins.
• Plants absorb nitrogen primarily in the form of nitrate (NO₃^-) and ammonium (NH₄⁺) ions from the soil.
• Deficiency of nitrogen in plants can lead to stunted growth and yellowing of leaves.

Additional Information

• Iron:
• Iron is essential for the synthesis of chlorophyll and is involved in some enzymatic processes.
• It plays a vital role in the electron transport chain in photosynthesis.
• Iron deficiency can cause chlorosis, where leaves turn yellow while veins remain green.
• Phosphorus:
• Phosphorus is important for energy transfer in the form of ATP (adenosine triphosphate).
• It is also essential for the formation of DNA and RNA.
• Phosphorus deficiency can lead to poor root growth and delayed maturity.
• Oxygen:
• Oxygen is essential for cellular respiration in plants.
• It is required for the breakdown of carbohydrates to produce energy.
• Oxygen is also a byproduct of photosynthesis.

The logic followed here is:-

Similarly,

Hence, "option 4" is the correct answer.

22 - (1/4){-5 - (-48) ÷ (-16)} = 22 - (1/4){-5 - 3} = 22 - (1/4) × (-8) = 22 - (-2) = 24

The Correct Answer is Acharya Prashant.

In News

• Acharya Prashant receives ‘Most Impactful Environmentalist’ award on World Environment Day.

Key Points

• Acharya Prashant, a philosopher and author, received the ‘Most Impactful Environmentalist’ award.
• The award was presented by the Green Society of India on World Environment Day (5 June).
• Recognized for integrating spiritual clarity with environmental awareness.
• Honoured at the World Environment Conference 2025, held in Greater Noida.
• Launched “Operation 2030”, a nationwide initiative to awaken and educate youth on climate issues.
• He is a Vedanta teacher and founder of PrashantAdvait Foundation.
• Authored 160+ books, focusing on inner transformation and social responsibility.

The opposite faces are:

Therefore, cubes in option 1, 3 and 4 can be made.

Only the cube in option 2 cannot be formed from the given sheet of paper.

Hence option 2 is the correct answer.

Given:

One card is picked from a deck of 52

Concept used:

Probability (Event) = Number of favorable outcomes/Total outcome

Calculation:

Here given, Total no. of the card in a deck n(S) = 52.

There are 26 black cards (including 2 Queens) and there are 2 more Queens.

Let us consider, E = the event of getting a black card or a Queen.

Then, n(E) = 28

Therefore, Probability of occurring the event is P( E) = n(E)/n(S) = 28/52 = 7/13

∴ Required probability is 7/13

The correct answer is Rayon.

Key Points

• Man-made fibres which are modified natural fibres or produced in laboratories are known as synthetic fibres.
• Some natural fibres obtained from plants are cotton, jute, etc and natural fibres that are obtained from animals are wool, silk, etc.
• Rayon, Polyester, Nylon, Acrylic, and Plastic are the different types of synthetic fibres.
• So, Rayon is a synthetic fibre.

Additional Information 

• Synthetic fibres are obtained from chemicals and are stronger due to strong intermolecular forces.
• Nylon is a synthetic fibre composed of polyamide and cotton, jute, wool is natural fibres are they are naturally obtained.
• Cotton is naturally obtained from cotton plants while Jute is obtained from jute plants.
• Wool is obtained from sheep.
• The structure of the most common type of nylon fibre is as shown below

When the folded paper is opened, the cuts will appear as follows,

Thus, answer is option 2).

Shortcut Trick

Side of the square = 64 ÷ 4 = 16 cm.

Area of the rectangle = 16² − 16 = 256 − 16 = 240 cm².

Breadth of the rectangle = 240 ÷ 20 = 12 cm.

Perimeter of the rectangle = 2 × (20 + 12) = 64 cm.

∴ The correct answer is 64 cm.

Alternate Method

Given:

Perimeter of the square = 64 cm

Length of the rectangle = 20 cm

Formula Used:

Perimeter of square = 4 × side

Area of square = side²

Area of rectangle = Length × Breadth

Perimeter of rectangle = 2 × (Length + Breadth)

Calculations:

⇒ 4 × side = 64

⇒ side = 64 ÷ 4 = 16 cm

⇒ Area of the square = 16 × 16 = 256 cm²

⇒ Area of the rectangle = 256 − 16 = 240 cm²

⇒ Length × Breadth = 240

⇒ 20 × Breadth = 240

⇒ Breadth = 240 ÷ 20 = 12 cm

⇒ Perimeter of the rectangle = 2 × (20 + 12)

⇒ Perimeter = 2 × 32 = 64 cm

∴ The correct answer is 64 cm.

Additional Information

Rectangle Properties

Area = L × B | Perimeter = 2 × (L + B) | Diagonal = √(L² + B²)

Square Properties

Area = a² | Perimeter = 4a | Diagonal = a√2 (where a is the side length)

Rhombus Properties

Area = (d₁ × d₂) ÷ 2 | Perimeter = 4a (where d₁ and d₂ are diagonals)

Parallelogram Properties

Area = Base × Height | Perimeter = 2 × (Sum of adjacent sides)

Key Points

• An allele is an alternative form of the same gene.
• It is a slightly different DNA sequence present at the same locus (position on chromosome) on the homologous chromosomes.
• The gene variants still code for the same trait (e.g. hair color), but they differ in how the trait is expressed (i.e., brown, black, red, blonde hair).

Explanation:

• There are many variations of the same gene called alleles.
• Any diploid individual will have at least two alleles. Another individual can have a different set of alleles.
• But they will have the same location on the chromosome.
• Any gene has a fixed position on DNA.
• So, the position of all the alleles on the DNA is also fixed.

Therefore, alleles are located on the same locus on homologous chromosomes.

Additional Information

1. Homologous chromosomes

• The chromosomes which pair with each other during meiosis.
• They are made up of chromosome pairs of the same length, centromere position, and staining pattern.
• They have the same genes with the same corresponding loci.
• A pair of homologous chromosomes is formed by each homologue coming from each of the parent.

2. Non-homologous chromosome

• They do not pair during meiosis.
• They have different lengths, different centromere positions, and staining pattern.
• They mostly have different sets of genes.

The statement is an advice given by Ram to Shyam about the best available Youtube course on Economics.

The advice is served with the assumption that Shyam wants to learn Economics. A person with critical thinking does not give advice on where to learn economics from to a person who he/she knows isn't interested in learning it.

Hence assumption I is implicit.

Since this is the “best” Youtube course on Economics, it is safe to assume that other Youtube courses are also available on Economics.

Hence, assumption II is implicit.

Both assumptions I and II are implicit.

Given:

40% of (15 × 42 + 20) = ?

Concept Used:

Follow BODMAS rule to solve this question, as per the order given below, 

Step-1: Parts of an equation enclosed in 'Brackets' must be solved first, and in the bracket, 

Step-2: Any mathematical 'Of' or 'Exponent' must be solved next, 

Step-3: Next, the parts of the equation that contain 'Division' and 'Multiplication' are calculated, 

Step-4: Last but not least, the parts of the equation that contain 'Addition' and 'Subtraction' should be calculated

Calculation:

40% of (15 × 42 + 20) = ?

⇒ 40% of (15 × 16 + 20) = ?

⇒ 40% of (240 + 20) = ?

⇒ 40% of 260 = ?

∴ The value of ? will be 104.

The correct answer is Daimabad.

Key Points

• The copper chariot from the Harappan period was discovered at Daimabad, which is an archaeological site located in the Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra, India.
• Daimabad is known for its significant archaeological findings, including the discovery of large bronze sculptures from the Harappan civilization.
• The copper chariot discovered at Daimabad is unique and provides insight into the technological and artistic capabilities of the Harappan people.
• This discovery has helped archaeologists understand the extent of the Harappan civilization and its interaction with other contemporary cultures.

Additional Information

• Harappan Civilization:
• The Harappan civilization, also known as the Indus Valley Civilization, was a Bronze Age civilization that flourished around 2500 BCE to 1900 BCE in the northwestern regions of South Asia.
• It is one of the world's earliest urban civilizations, noted for its advanced city planning, architecture, and social organization.
• Major Harappan sites include Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, Dholavira, Lothal, and Rakhigarhi, among others.
• Daimabad:
• Daimabad is an important archaeological site located in the Ahmednagar district of Maharashtra, India.
• The site gained prominence due to the discovery of several significant artifacts, including the famous copper chariot, which dates back to the late Harappan period.
• The findings at Daimabad suggest that the Harappan civilization extended farther south than previously thought.
• Copper Chariot:
• The copper chariot discovered at Daimabad is a significant archaeological find, providing insights into the technological advancements of the Harappan civilization.
• The chariot is made entirely of copper and features intricate craftsmanship, indicating the high level of metallurgical skills possessed by the Harappans.
• This artifact is believed to have been used for ceremonial purposes or as a status symbol.
• Archaeological Importance:
• Archaeological discoveries like the copper chariot at Daimabad help researchers understand the cultural, social, and technological aspects of ancient civilizations.
• These findings provide valuable information about trade, interactions, and the extent of ancient cultures, contributing to our understanding of human history.

The least possible Venn diagram is given below:-

Conclusion:

I. Some buses are bikes. → False ( it is possible but not definite)

II. Some bikes are buses. → False (it is possible but not definite)

III. Some bikes are trains. → True (Some trains are bikes. So, some bikes are trains is also true. This is also visible in the above Venn diagram)

IV. Some trains are buses. → True (As shown in the Venn diagram, a part of train is bus.)

Hence, "option 3" is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

Direct formula for Curved Surface Area (CSA) of a cylinder is 2πrh.

Given CSA = 968 and height (h) = 11.

r = 968 ÷ (2 × 22/7 × 11)

r = 968 ÷ (44/7 × 11) ⇒ r = 968 × 7 ÷ 484 = 2 × 7 = 14 cm.

∴ The correct answer is 14 cm.

Alternate Method

Given:

Height (h) = 11 cm

Curved Surface Area (CSA) = 968 cm²

Formula Used:

Curved Surface Area of Cylinder = 2πrh

Calculations:

⇒ 968 = 2 × (22/7) × r × 11

⇒ 968 = (44/7) × r × 11

⇒ 968 = (484/7) × r

⇒ r = (968 × 7) ÷ 484

⇒ r = 2 × 7

⇒ r = 14 cm

∴ The correct answer is 14 cm.

Additional Information

Total Surface Area (TSA) of Cylinder

The total surface area includes the curved surface and the areas of the two circular bases: TSA = 2πr(h + r).

Volume of Cylinder

The capacity or volume of a cylinder is calculated as the area of the base times the height: V = πr²h.

Hollow Cylinder

For a cylinder with outer radius (R) and inner radius (r), the Volume = πh(R² − r²).

• Group 1 elements in the Periodic table are known as Alkali metals
• They have ns1 outermost configuration and belong to the S-block Elements.
• They also have a strong tendency to donate their valence electrons in the outermost shell to form strong ionic bonds.
• It contains elements from Lithium (Li) to Francium (Fr).

After unfolding the given paper, we get :

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (2)".

Important Points

To get the unfolded figure,

We have to imagine the dotted lines as a mirror and draw the mirror image about it.

Shortcut Trick

A has 55% and B has 45% votes (Difference = 10%).

For a tie, A must give half of the difference (5% of total) to B.

Given: 5% of Total = 10,000 votes.

Total votes = (10,000 ÷ 5) × 100 = 200,000 votes.

∴ The correct answer is 200000 votes.

Alternate Method

Given: A = 55% of total, B = 45% of total.

Formula: Total Votes = 100%.

A: 55% B: 45% 10,000 votes transferred (5% shift) Tie Point = 50%

⇒ Let the total number of votes be T.

⇒ Initial votes for A = 0.55T.

⇒ Initial votes for B = 100% − 55% = 45% = 0.45T.

⇒ According to the condition: 0.55T − 10,000 = 0.45T + 10,000.

⇒ 0.55T − 0.45T = 10,000 + 10,000.

⇒ 0.10T = 20,000.

⇒ T = 20,000 ÷ 0.10 = 200,000.

∴ The correct answer is 200000 votes.

Additional Information

Voting Terminology

Total Votes = Valid Votes + Invalid Votes. Majority is the difference between the winner and the runner-up.

Percentage Transfer Concept

If quantity X gives value 'v' to quantity Y and they become equal, then the original difference is 2 × v.

Successive Percentage

For two successive percentage changes a% and b%, the effective change is [a + b + (a × b)/100]%.

∴ The correct answer is 200000 votes.

The correct answer is Nucleotides.

Key Points

• DNA was first recognized and identified by the Swiss biologist, Johannes Friedrich Miescher in 1869 during his research on white blood cells.
• DNA: DNA is a double helical long polymer of deoxyribonucleotides. The length of DNA is usually defined as a number of nucleotides (or a pair of nucleotides referred to as base pairs) present in it. This also is the characteristic of an organism.
• DNA contains a sugar-phosphate backbone, and the nucleotide bases (guanine, cytosine, adenine, and thymine).

​

• The coding segment of DNA is called the exon. A segment of DNA within a gene that encodes a sequence ultimately translated into a protein product.
• So, DNA is a polymer of nucleotide bases.

The pattern followed here is:

Attack is antonym of Defend.

Similarly,

Fresh is antonym of Stale.

Hence, 'Stale' is the correct answer.

GIVEN:

Profit on 25 articles = 25%

Loss on remaining 75 articles = 25%

FORMULA USED:

Loss% = [1 – (SP/CP)] × 100

CALCULATION:

Let the cost price of 1 article be = Rs. 1

Cost price of 100 article = Rs 100

Cost Price of 25 article = Rs. 25

Selling price of 25 article at 25% profit = 25 × (5/4)

Cost price of remaining 75 articles = Rs. 75

Selling price of 75 article at 25% loss = 75 × (3/4)

⇒ Selling price of 100 article = 25 × (5/4) + 75 × (3/4)

⇒ Loss% = 100 – (350/4) = -12.5% where (- sign) indicates loss

∴ Loss% = 12.5

Let the cost price of 1 article be = Rs. 1

Cost price of 100 article = Rs 100

According to the question,

out of 100, 25 sell in 25% profit

⇒ Selling price = 25 × (100 + 25)/100

⇒ Rs. 31.25

Remaining 100 - 25 = 75 article

75 sell at 25% loss

⇒ 75 × (100 - 25)/100

⇒ 56.25

Total selling price = 31.25 + 56.25 = 87.5

Loss% = (100 - 87.5)× 100/100 = 12.5%

∴ The loss % is 12.5.

The correct answer is demand for a commodity and its price.

Key Points

• According to the law of demand
• ​​​​when the price of a commodity increase, its the quantity demanded decreases
• when the price of a commodity decreases, it’s the quantity demanded increases
• keeping other factors remains the same.
• The consumer’s demand for good must be inversely related to the price of the good.
• There is an inverse relationship between price and demand and due to this the demand curve always has a downward slope.
• Demand Curve is the relation between the quantity of the good chosen by a consumer and the price of the good.
• ​Assumptions for the Law of Demand
• ​​No change in the income of consumers
• No change is the taste and preference of the consumers
• No change in price related to other goods.

According to the given information,

1) Only 1 person sits to the left of D.

2) Only 2 people sit between F and D.

3) A is an immediate neighbour of D.

4) Only 2 people sit between E and A.

5) Only 3 people sit between C and G.

6. B is not an immediate neighbour of G.

Here, we can see that C sits at the extreme right end of the row.

Hence, the correct answer is "C".

Given:

cos 12° + cos 84° + cos 168° + cos 96°

Formulas used:

cos(180 - A) = - cos A

Calculation:

cos 12° + cos 84° + cos 168° + cos 96°

⇒ cos 12° + cos 84° + cos(180 - 12)° + cos(180 - 84)°

⇒ cos 12° + cos 84° - cos 12° - cos 84°

⇒ 0

∴ The required result is 0

The Correct Answer is Option 3.

• GDP is the final value of all the goods and services produced in a country in a given year.
• Nominal gross domestic product is the gross domestic product (GDP) evaluated at current market prices.
• Real GDP, on the other hand, is calculated by taking a base year as a determinant.
• Real GDP adjusts for price changes due to inflation/deflation.
• The main difference between nominal GDP and real GDP is the adjustment for inflation.
• A cryptocurrency is a digital or virtual currency designed to work as a medium of exchange.
• It uses cryptography functions to secure and verify transactions as well as to control the creation of new units of a particular cryptocurrency.

The pattern followed here is :

Hence, "ELVA" is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

We know the direct ratio formula between Cost Price (CP) and Printed Price (MP):

CP : MP = (100 − Discount%) : (100 + Profit%)

⇒ CP : MP = (100 − 10) : (100 + 12)

⇒ CP : MP = 90 : 112

⇒ CP : MP = 45 : 56

∴ The correct answer is 45 : 56.

Alternate Method

Given:

Profit = 12%

Discount = 10%

Formula Used:

Selling Price (SP) = CP × (100 + Profit%) ÷ 100

Selling Price (SP) = MP × (100 − Discount%) ÷ 100

Calculations:

Let the Cost Price (CP) be 100.

⇒ SP = 100 × (100 + 12) ÷ 100 = 112

Since the discount given is 10% on the Printed Price (MP),

⇒ SP = MP × (100 − 10) ÷ 100

⇒ 112 = MP × 90 ÷ 100

⇒ MP = 112 × 100 ÷ 90 = 1120 ÷ 9

Now, we find the ratio of CP to MP:

⇒ CP : MP = 100 : (1120 ÷ 9)

⇒ CP : MP = 900 : 1120

⇒ CP : MP = 45 : 56

∴ The correct answer is 45 : 56.

Additional Information

Relation between CP and MP

When Profit percentage (P%) and Discount percentage (D%) are given, the direct ratio is CP : MP = (100 − D) : (100 + P).

Marked Price & Discount

Discount is always calculated on the Printed or Marked Price. Selling Price (SP) = MP − Discount.

Profit & Loss

Profit and Loss are always calculated on the Cost Price (unless specifically stated). Profit = SP − CP.

The correct answer is carbohydrates.

Key Points

• The human digestive system consists of two parts, the alimentary canal, and the associated glands.
• The mouth leads the food to be digested to the buccal cavity.
• The buccal cavity has a number of teeth and a muscular tongue.
• The uppermost part of the buccal cavity is called the palate.
• The digestion of carbohydrates begins in the buccal cavity.
• From the mouth, food reaches into the stomach through a food pipe called the esophagus.
• There is no digestion inside the food pipe.
• The digestion of fat begins in the small intestine.
• Lipase is the digestive enzyme of fat.
• The digestion of protein occurs in the stomach and duodenum.
• Pepsin is the digestive enzyme of protein.

Solution: Correct option 3.Only argument II is strong.

The statement discusses the hit that the global tourism sector has received.

Argument I suggests that a relief package to help revive the sector should be immediately released by the World Bank. But the issue is COVID has left a deep impact on almost all the sectors and tourism, for now, may not be the priority. Packages have been released to revive the Economy and health sectors of various countries. Therefore,argument I is not strong.

Argument II suggests that since a lot of effort is being made in the direction of development of a vaccine, its creation will ease out the pressure and people will start traveling on their own. Till then we have other important issues to focus on. Therefore, argument II is strong.

Hence, option 3 is correct.

Calculation:

-1/4 × {-45 – (-96) ÷ (-32)} = ?

⇒ ? = -1/4 × [-45 – (-96/-32)]

⇒ ? = -1/4 × (-45 – 3)

⇒ ? = -1/4 × -48

∴ ? = 12

The Correct Answer is Option 4 i.e Aluminium sulphate. 

Key Points

• Aluminium sulphate:
• Its molecular formula is Al₂(SO₄)₃.
• It is soluble in water.
• It is a widely used aluminium coagulant.
• It is also used as a chemical agent in the purification of drinking water and wastewater treatment plants.
• Aluminium sulphite:
• Its Molecular formula is Al₂(SO₃)₃.
• Aluminium sulphide:
• Its molecular formula is Al₂S₃.
• It is used to produce hydrogen sulfide.

CONCEPT :

Types of figure generally given in the exams.

The clearly seen alternate position of the open dice becomes the opposite pair after folding and the two remaining faces also become opposite to each other.

Here, In every figure:

A is opposite to C.

B is opposite to D.

Thus the remaining, E is opposite to F.

EXPLANATION :

The alternate position of faces becomes opposite to each other, as shown below:

The opposite pairs are (5 - 2), (3 - 4), and (6 - 1).

The opposite pair can't be the adjacent faces or can't appear together in the dice.

Option 1, Option 3, Option 4 are not possible because the opposite faces come in adjacent places.

CONCLUSION:

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Given:

Upstream speed = 20 km/hr

Downstream speed = 30 km/hr

Formula:

If speed of boat and speed of current be x km/hr and y km/hr respectively, then

Upstream speed = (x – y) km/hr

Downstream speed = (x + y) km/hr

Speed = Distance/Time

Calculation:

Let speed of person in still water and speed of current be x km/hr and y km/hr respectively.

According to the question

(x – y) = 20     ---- (1)

(x + y) = 30     ---- (2)

Add equation (1) and equation (2)

2x = 50

⇒ x = 25

Put x = 25 in equation (1), we get

25 – y = 20

⇒ y = 25 – 20

⇒ y = 5

∴ Required percentage = (5/25) × 100 = 20%

The correct answer is We Stand Together

In News

• Zero Discrimination Day is observed on March 1 to promote equality, inclusivity, and diversity.
• The 2025 theme, "We Stand Together", focuses on the role of community-led initiatives in the fight against HIV and in ensuring healthcare access.

Key Points

• The day highlights the right of every individual to live with dignity and fulfilment, regardless of factors like age, gender, nationality, or beliefs.
• Established by UNAIDS in 2014, it stemmed from the Zero Discrimination Campaign launched on World AIDS Day in 2013 to fight discrimination against people with HIV/AIDS.
• The initiative was introduced by Michel Sidibe, then-director of UNAIDS, in Beijing, China, with support from the Chinese government and other stakeholders.
• The day raises awareness and urges action against all forms of discrimination, promoting a just and equitable society.
• Governments, organisations, and individuals are encouraged to eliminate discrimination through social media campaigns, community initiatives, and policy changes.
• Community-led organisations help deliver essential HIV services, advocate for human rights, and combat stigma but face challenges like funding shortages and political resistance.
• UNAIDS calls for greater support for community-led efforts, including legal recognition, funding, and participation in healthcare policy-making.
• Despite their proven impact, many community-driven HIV responses remain unrecognised and underfunded, facing active suppression in some regions.
• Global efforts to eliminate HIV-related stigma include the Global Partnership for Action, with 41 countries uniting to remove systemic barriers.
• Reaching the 2030 HIV targets requires continued investment in community-led responses to ensure sustained progress and inclusivity.
• Inspirational quotes from notable figures like Princess Diana, Nelson Mandela, and Martin Luther King Jr. highlight the importance of fighting discrimination and promoting equality.

The pattern followed here is :

339 - 55 = 284

284 - 55 = 229

229 - 55 = 174

174 - 55 = 119

Hence, 119 is the correct answer.

Shortcut Trick

In Compound Interest, if a sum becomes n times in t years, it becomes n^k times in k × t years.

Given: A sum doubles (n = 2) in t = 15 years.

Target: 4 times of itself → 4 = 2², so k = 2.

Required time = k × t = 2 × 15 = 30 years.

∴ The correct answer is 30 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Time (t₁) = 15 years

Growth = Doubled (2 times)

Formula Used:

Amount (A) = P(1 + r/100)^t

Calculations:

⇒ 2P = P(1 + r/100)¹⁵

⇒ 2 = (1 + r/100)¹⁵ --- (Equation 1)

⇒ Let the required time be T years to become 4 times.

⇒ 4P = P(1 + r/100)^T

⇒ 4 = (1 + r/100)^T

⇒ 2² = (1 + r/100)^T

⇒ Substituting value of 2 from Eq.1:

⇒ [(1 + r/100)¹⁵]² = (1 + r/100)^T

⇒ (1 + r/100)³⁰ = (1 + r/100)^T

⇒ T = 30 years

∴ The correct answer is 30 years.

Additional Information

Compound Interest Amount Formula

The total amount A is given by A = P(1 + R/100)ⁿ, where P is the principal, R is the rate of interest per annum, and n is the number of years.

Successive Multiplication in CI

In Compound Interest, the sum of money increases in a Geometric Progression (GP) where the amount becomes n times in a fixed interval of time.

Rule of 72

To find the approximate time needed to double the money at compound interest, divide 72 by the annual interest rate (Time ≈ 72 ÷ Rate).

The correct answer is the HIV/AIDS

Key Points

• Unfortunately, we're not going to have a vaccine by 2030, but there's a lot of funding still around HIV vaccine research.
• The excitement has dimmed a bit because of the failures, but there's still a lot of research into trying to develop a safe and effective HIV vaccine.
• Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) are a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), a retrovirus.
• Following initial infection, an individual may not notice any symptoms or may experience a brief period of influenza-like illness.
• Typically, this is followed by a prolonged incubation period with no symptoms.
• If the infection progresses, it interferes more with the immune system, increasing the risk of developing common infections such as tuberculosis, as well as other opportunistic infections, and tumors which are rare in people who have a normal immune function.
• These late symptoms of infection are referred to as acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
• This stage is often also associated with unintended weight loss.

Additional Information

All the given options except option (3) growing vegetables oneself using good amount of fertilisers and pesticides is not advisable as this not good for our health as well as for soil.

Hence, the correct answer is ​Growing vegetables oneself using good amount of fertilisers and pesticides.

Shortcut Trick

Given: 85(x − y) = 35(x + y)

Divide both sides by 5: 17(x − y) = 7(x + y)

Rearranging the ratio: (x + y) / (x − y) = 17 / 7

Applying Componendo and Dividendo: x / y = (17 + 7) / (17 − 7) = 24 / 10 = 12 / 5

Required % = (y / x) × 100% = (5 / 12) × 100% = 41 ²/₃%

∴ The correct answer is 41 ²/₃%.

Alternate Method

Given:

85% of (x − y) = 35% of (x + y)

Calculations:

⇒ (85 / 100) × (x − y) = (35 / 100) × (x + y)

⇒ 85(x − y) = 35(x + y)

⇒ 17(x − y) = 7(x + y)

⇒ 17x − 17y = 7x + 7y

⇒ 17x − 7x = 7y + 17y

⇒ 10x = 24y

⇒ x / y = 24 / 10

⇒ x / y = 12 / 5

⇒ y is what percentage of x = (y / x) × 100%

⇒ Percentage = (5 / 12) × 100%

⇒ Percentage = 500 / 12% = 125 / 3%

⇒ Percentage = 41 ²/₃%

∴ The correct answer is 41 ²/₃%.

Additional Information

Percentage Base Rule

To find what percentage one quantity (y) is of another base quantity (x), always place the "is" value in the numerator and the "of" value in the denominator: (y / x) × 100%.

Componendo and Dividendo Theorem

If a ratio p / q = r / s, it can directly be written as (p + q) / (p − q) = (r + s) / (r − s). This theorem is the best shortcut whenever you see sum and difference of variables equated to fractions.

V. S. Naipaul is the author of the book named “An Area of darkness”.

• Don't get confused between 'An Area of Darkness'  and 'An Era of Darkness'.
• The book 'An Era of Darkness' is written by Shashi Tharoor.

The path followed by Khanna is :

Khanna is 60 m in the east direction from the starting point Z.

Hence, 60 m, East is the correct answer.