MP Police Constable : (25 Nov 2025, Shift 2) Memory-Based Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Providing electricity to rural families living below the poverty line.

• This will be applicable to -
• All huts (kutir) and dwelling houses of rural and urban poor below the poverty line including SC and ST families, houses built under schemes like Indira Awas Yojana and similar such schemes.
• It was launched initially by the Congress Government in the late 80s which envisaged extending single point light connections to households of rural BPL families especially in Harijan and tribal regions.
• Kutir Yojna was such a project that was used to give a boost to the electrification of BPL households in the quickest and most cost-effective manner.

'Mycology' is the study of 'Fungi'.

Similarly,

'Nephrology' is the study of 'Kidney'.

Hence, "Kidney" is the correct answer.

Given:

Speed of train =  72 km/h

Length of train = 240

Crosses a platform in 40 seconds

Formula used:

Speed x Time = Distance

Calculation:

Speed = 72 x 5/18 = 20m /sec

Speed x Time = Distance

⇒ 20 x 40 = 240 +x

⇒ 800 = 240 + x

⇒ x = 560 m

hence, option 2 is correct answer.

I. Some cups are chairs. → Doesn't follow (It's not definite, hence False) 

II. Some glasses are bottles. →  Doesn't follow (It's not definite, hence False)  

III. Some bottles are cups. →  Doesn't follow (It's not definite, hence False) 

Therefore, None of the conclusions follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The statement emphasizes on taking advice from retired professors for improvement.

• The statement does not talk about its employees, so action I does not follow the statement.
• Action II follows the statement as it suggests the same thing, to involve retired i.e. experienced people for development.

Hence the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Some rules to solve Statements and Course of action questions must be kept in mind while solving it.

Rule 1. Have an unbiased and neutral mind frame. Individual perception must not be used to judge the course of action to be taken.

Rule 2. The first step should be to identify the root cause of the problem. Once the problem is solved, a logical mindset should be employed to figure out the course of action.

Rule 3. There must be no extremity involved in the course of action.

Rule 4. A course of action must be able to solve, reduce, or minimize the problem given in the situation.

Rule 5. The course of action can be said to solve/reduce the problem when it is an established fact, when it is logically possible and when it is known from experience.

The logic follows here is:

​Hence, the correct answer is "VDS".

The correct answer is option 4, i.e, None of the above​.

• The judge of the Supreme Court can not advocate anywhere after retirement.
• Supreme Court Judges retire upon attaining the age of 65 years.
• So, if a Supreme Court Chief Justice goes for further employment, it could be only for 5 years.
• Supreme Court is regarded as the most powerful public institution in India.
• It has extensive powers in the form of original, appellate, and advisory jurisdictions.

The logic followed is:

Six books labeled as A, B, C, D, E, and F are placed side by side.

i) Books B, C, E are of green bound.

ii) Books A, D, and F are of yellow bound.

iii) New volumes → A, B, and D

iv) Old Volumes → C, E, and F

iii) Books A, B, and C are legal reports while the rest are gazetteers. 

Legal reports → A, B, and C

Medical extracts → D, E, and F

Clearly, C is green bound, old, and legal report

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Shortcut Trick

Effective rate for 6 months (half year) = 8.5% ÷ 2 = 4.25%

Simple Interest = 4.25% of 14800

Simple Interest = 4.25 × 148 = 629

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 629.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (P) = Rs. 14800

Rate (R) = 8.5% per annum

Time (T) = 6 months = 6 ÷ 12 = 1/2 year

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100

PrincipalRs. 14800Simple InterestRs. 629R = 8.5% p.a.T = 6 monthsI = (P × R × T) ÷ 100

Calculation:

⇒ SI = (14800 × 8.5 × 1/2) ÷ 100

⇒ SI = (148 × 8.5) ÷ 2

⇒ SI = 74 × 8.5

⇒ SI = 629

∴ The correct answer is Rs. 629.

Additional Information

Simple Interest (SI)

Simple interest is calculated on the original principal for the entire given period. Formula: SI = (P × R × T) ÷ 100.

Compound Interest (CI)

Compound interest is calculated on the principal as well as the accumulated interest of previous periods. Formula: Amount = P(1 + R/100)^T.

Rule of 72

A quick trick to estimate the number of years required to double the invested money at a given annual fixed interest rate. Time ≈ 72 ÷ Rate.

The correct answer is Copper.

• The metal used to make lightning conductors is copper.

Key Points

• Lightning rod
• ​It is a metal rod mounted on top of a building that is electrically bonded using a wire or electrical conductor to interface with ground or “earth” through an electrode, engineered to protect the building in the event of a lightning strike.
• If lightning targets the building it will strike the rod and be conducted to the ground through the wire, instead of passing through the building, where it could start a fire or cause electrocution.
• Copper is a very good electrical conductor.

Additional Information

• The resistance of a length of copper cable is low as compared to that of aluminum.
• Copper:
• Atomic number: 29
• Atomic mass: 63.546 u

The correct answer is Water.

pH of water is 7.

Key Points

• The pH of water is likely to be 7.
• pH is a measure of how acidic/basic water is.

Important Points

• The range goes:-
• from 0 to 14, with 7 being neutral.
• pHs of less than 7 indicate acidity,
• whereas a pH of greater than 7 indicates a base.
• The pH of water is a very important measurement concerning water quality.

The pattern followed is,

Similarly,

Hence, “EOAILGF” is the correct answer.

Let the total employees be ‘a’.

Number of men \(= {\rm{\;}}\frac{{75}}{{100}} \times {\rm{a}}\)

Total employees = Men + Women + Transgender

\(\begin{array}{l} {\rm{a\;}} = \frac{{75}}{{100}} \times {\rm{a}} + {\rm{\;}}545{\rm{\;}} + {\rm{\;}}5\\ \frac{{25}}{{100}} \times {\rm{a}} = 550 \end{array}\)

 a = 2200

∴ Number of men \(= {\rm{\;}}\frac{{75}}{{100}} \times 2200 = 1650\)

The correct answer is Speed.

Key Points

• The speed of an object is the amount of the change of its position; thus, it is a scalar quantity.
• The average speed of an object in an interval of time is the distance travelled by an object measured by the length of the interval; the instantaneous speed is the limit of the average speed as the period of the time interval reaches zero.
• Speed has the dimension of the distance separated by time.
• The SI unit of speed is meter per second.

Important Points

• The pressure is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of the target per unit area over which the force is distributed.
• Motion is a mechanism in which an object has shifted its location over time.
• Motion is mathematically defined in terms of displacement, space, direction, acceleration, speed, and time.
• Acceleration is the rate of change in the velocity of an object with respect to time.
• Accelerations are vector quantities (in that they are of magnitude and direction).

The logic here followed is 

C + O + S + T + L + Y = 3 + 15 + 19 + 20 + 12 + 25 = 94 

• 94 × 5 = 470

And

C + O + F + F + E + E = 3 + 15 + 6 + 6 + 5 + 5 = 40

• 40 × 5 = 200

Similarly,

C + O + R + N + E + R = 3 + 15 + 18 + 14 + 5 + 18 = 73

• 73 × 5 = 365

So, the code for 'CORNER' is '365**'**​

Hence, the correct answer is 365.

Given:

Principal of Rs. 10,000

The rate of 12%

Time = 2 years

Concept used:

Amount = P(1 + R/100)^T

P = Principal

R = Rate

T = Time

Calculation:

Amount = 10000(1 + 12/100)²

⇒ Amount = 10000(112/100)2

⇒ Amount = 10000(28/25)2

⇒ Amount = 12544

∴ The amount will receive be Rs. 12544.

Valency gives the combining capacity of an atom

For metals, the valency is how many electrons it can lose to attain noble gas configuration.

E.g. Valency of Sodium is 1, Valency of Magnesium is 2.

For non-metals, the valency is how many electrons a non-metal can gain to attain noble gas configuration.

E.g. Fluorine can take 1 electron

Oxygen can take 2 electrons

Since noble gases do not require any electron to achieve stable state their valency is 0.

The correct answer is Violet and Red.

Key Points

• White light comprises all colors of the VIBGYOR i.e. Violet, Indigo, Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red.
• When we optically combine these colors we get white light.
• The wavelength of light defines the color of the light and in VIBGYOR, wavelength increases from left to right.
• That means Violet color has minimum wavelength while Red color has a maximum wavelength.
• Prism is a triangular slab of transparent glass through which light can pass.
• But before going into prism we must remember that when light passes from one medium to another, it undergoes refraction.
• Refraction is the phenomenon of bending of light when it travels from one medium to another.
• Now the amount of bending of light depends on the wavelength of light.
• The smaller the wavelength of light, the greater is its bending when it passes from one medium to another.
• That is, we can say that the amount of bending of light is inversely proportional to the wavelength of light.
• This property of light leads to the splitting of different colors of light when passed through a prism as shown in the figure.
• Violet bends the most because it has a shorter wavelength compared to other colors and the red color bends the least and can be seen at the end opposite to the base of the prism. Hence, Option 4 is correct.

I. Some P are T.

II. Some T are S.

III. No J is P.

After combining the all,

I. Some S are not J. - Does not follow because no direct relation between S and J

II. Some T are not J. - Follow because Some T is P and All P are not T so its hold true

III. Some J are not T. - Does not follow because no direct relation between them.

So, the correct answer is option II i.e. Some T are not J

Calculation : 

According to question,

Let the number be x,

⇒ 35x/100 = 60x/100 - 15

⇒ (60x - 35x)/100 = 15

⇒ 25x/100 = 15

⇒ 5x = 300

⇒ x = 60

∴ The number is 60.

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The correct answer is Virus.

Key Points

• Dengue is caused by the Dengue virus and mosquito-borne viral disease.
• The dengue virus is transmitted by female mosquitoes called – Aedes aegypti.
• These dengue mosquitos are found everywhere (Both inside and outside the house) and generally bite during the daytime.
• These mosquitos are found to be at the peak of their activeness at dawn and dusk.
• The symptoms of the disease can develop only after 6 to 10 days after bitten by an infected mosquito.

A is 10^th from the left end and B is 9^th from the right end. Also, if they interchange their position then A becomes 15^th from the left end, which implies 14 people must be sitting to the left of A including B. Hence, 4 people are sitting between A and B as shown below:

Total number of boys in the row = 9 + 4 + 8 + A + B = 23 boys

Hence, 23 boys are there in the row.

Given:

The ratio of the area of two equilateral triangles is 36 ∶ 25

Formula used:

The perimeter of the triangle = 3 x side 

Area of Triangle = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{4}\) × (side)² 

Calculation:

Let, the side of triangle, T₁ = s

Side of triangle, T₂ = p

Area of triangle T1 =  \(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{4}\)x s² 

Area of triangle T2 = \(\dfrac{\sqrt{3}}{4}\) x p² 

Ratio = \(\dfrac{T_1}{T_2}\) = \(\dfrac{s^2}{p^2}\) = \(\dfrac{36}{25}\)

⇒ \(\dfrac{s}{p}\) = \(\sqrt{\dfrac{36}{25}} \) = \(\dfrac{6}{5}\)

⇒ s : p = 6/5

The perimeter of triangle T1 = 3s

The perimeter of triangle T2 = 3p

Ratio of perimeter = 3s : 3p = s : p

⇒ s : p = 6 : 5

∴ The ratio of their perimeters will be 6 ∶ 5.

The correct mirror image of the given figure is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The pattern for the code is as follows,

So, according to this pattern-

Therefore, EDUCATIONAL is coded as BFAVLVBLPJB.

The correct answer is Liver.

Key Points

• Urea is synthesized from amino acids in the liver.
• The synthesis of urea in the body is called Urea cycle.
• The end product of protein and amino acids metabolism in the body is called urea.
• Ammonium ions are formed in the breakdown of amino acids.

Some are used in the biosynthesis of nitrogen compounds and the excess ones are converted into urea.

• Three amino acids, Ornithine, citrulline and arginine participate in this process. Arginine is decomposed to form urea and ornithine in the presence of enzyme arginase and water. Ornithine can be re-used in the cycle.

Additional Information

• Excess ammonia is converted into urea. Urea and water get released from the liver cells into the bloodstream and then transported to the kidneys where the blood is filtered and urine is passed out of body.
• Urine is produced by the kidneys.

Important Points

• The formula of Urea or nitrogenous waste - (NH₂CONH₂).

The correct answer is Option 4 : Work harder along with others to ensure the profit of the company.

• Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Effective Intelligence, Self-confidence, Sense of responsibility, Courage, Organizing ability and Speed of decision making).

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

Calculation:

Let the number be x

According to question:

⇒ x × (200/100) = 90

⇒ (x) × 2 = 90

⇒ x = (90)/2

⇒ x = 45

Now

80% of 45 = (4/5) × 45 = 36

1 mole of oxygen molecules = 32 grams of oxygen.

6.022 X 10²³ molecules.

6.022 X 10²³ molecules of oxygen weight 32 grams.

1 molecule of oxygen weight = 32 / 6.022 x 10²³

5.313 x 10⁻²³ g.

Hence, the mass of one molecule of oxygen is 5.3 × 10^-23 g.

Statements:

During elections, politicians use abusive words for candidates of other parties and some even make rude gestures.

Conclusions:

I) Women and children should not be allowed to attend election meetings → False

Because, If women and children will be not allowed to attend the election meeting, they will not aware of the parties' manifesto.

II) The Election Commission should implement a strict code of conduct for all politicians → True

Because it is necessary to implement a strict code of conduct for all politicians and so the number of abusive words may be reduced day by day and also reduced rude gestures of misbehaving politicians.

Hence, "Only conclusion II follows".

Given:

The average height of 16 students is 142 cm.

The height of the teacher is included, the average height increases by 1 cm.

Formula used:

Sum of observation = average × number of observation

Calculations:

When the average height of 16 students is 142, the required sum of observation = 142 ×16 = 2272

Now, when the height of teacher is included the number of observation becomes = 16 + 1 = 17

The average height of 17 heads increases by 1, thus making the average height as = 142 + 1 = 143

So, the sum of observation = 143 × 17 = 2431

So, the required height of teacher = 2431 - 2272 = 159 cm

∴ The answer is 159 cm.

The correct answer is option 2

Key PointsShivling:

• The Shivling of the Shaivite temple of Bhumra, located in the Satna district of Nagaud state, is one-faced. Hence option 2 is correct
• Actually, it was a temple named Bhumra. Its structure is similar to that of Nachana's temple.
• Its construction time was the latter half of the fifth century.
• The Sanctorum of the temple is square. Around it, there was a shape built of bricks.
• The inscription of the temple gives the credit of its construction to the Bharsiva Naga-rulers of Padmavati.

• Potato mosaic is NOT a seed-borne disease.
• It is a disease caused by a virus which affects the potato plant**.**
• Generally, mosaic viruses that infect potatoes are transmitted by aphids.
• They feed on the sap of infected plants and transmit the virus to healthy plants.
• There are many different types of mosaic diseases that attack the potato crop.
• Most of the time, as the name suggests, the leaves show green and dark green mosaic patterns.
• The leaves may also show faint yellow patches on the leaves.
• The attacked or affected plants remain stunted and sick.
• The disease also affects tubers and their Size and numbers are reduced.
• In some other times, the leaves may show necrosis of tissues along the vein.

The argument states that the manager has made a request to the employees to avoid making long personal calls during working hours.

• Thus, it can be assumed that the manager is expecting the employees to listen to him and comply with his request and hence made the request. So, assumption I logically follows the argument.
• Assumption 2 contradicts assumption 1. So, only one of the assumptions can be implicit at a time. Since assumption 1 follows, assumption II will not follow the argument.

Hence the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• When the argument has stated a request or an order, the assumption will have to be in favour of the request or order. In simple terms, no one makes a request expecting people to not follow it. Thus, the correct assumption will be in favour of the statement.

Given data:

Cost of rice 1 = Rs. 120/kg,

Cost of rice 2 = Rs. 155/kg,

Mixture cost = Rs. 135/kg

Concept:

The mixture ratio = (Cost of rice 2 - Mixture cost) ∶ (Mixture cost - Cost of rice 1)

Solution:

⇒ Mixture ratio = (155 - 135) ∶ (135 - 120)

⇒ Mixture ratio = 4 ∶ 3

Therefore, the rice is mixed in the ratio 4 ∶ 3.

From the given conditions:

I. If P, Q or R is chosen, U cannot be chosen.

II. Either T or U must be chosen.

III. S and Q cannot be chosen together.

Now if R is chosen:

According to I, we cannot choose U.

According to II, we have to choose between T or U but U can't be chosen so we get T.

According to III, we can choose either S or Q.

In the given options we have to find either TS or TQ:

So, option 2) has TS.

Hence the correct answer is option 2)

The correct answer is Cultural, Political, Technological.

Key Points

• The triple pressures of commercialization, modernization, and population led to the requirement of land reforms in the country.
• The land reforms promote a triple revolution-
• Cultural Revolution-
• The roots of uneven distribution of land lied in the discrimination and caste-based social structure. The Land Reforms took excess land from Zamindars and distributed it to the landless low cast people who usually perform beggar and forced labor. Hence it emerged as a cultural revolution.
• Political Revolution-
• It emerged as Political Revolution because in many states like Orissa and Bengal, the Land Reform became a major subject matter of election and soon it spread in other states also.
• Technological Revolution-
• Land Reform promotes the Technological Revolution in agriculture because after Land Reforms the landless and forced labor now got land to work upon, now Zamindars and big farmers introduced tractors, thrashers, and other machines in farms to operate with minimum labor. Also, the green revolution further increased the income of farmers and the yield of crops. This further enhanced the technological revolution in small farmers also.

The correct answer is the Because it is highly reactive

Key Points

• Sodium is a very reactive metal and combines explosively with air as well as water. Hence, they catch fire if kept open.
• Therefore, to prevent accidental fires and accidents, Sodium is stored immersed in kerosene oil.
• Sodium is a chemical element with the symbol Na (from Latin natrium) and atomic number 11.
• It is a soft, silvery-white, highly reactive metal. Sodium is an alkali metal, being in group 1 of the periodic table.
• Its only stable isotope is 23Na. The free metal does not occur in nature and must be prepared from compounds.

Additional Information

• Reactivity series is a list of metals arranged in decreasing order of their reactivity. Most reactive metals are at the top while the least reactive metals are at the bottom.
• For any two metals in the series, the metal placed higher in the series can displace lower metals from their salt solution.

The correct answer is Option 2, i.e. Only argument II is strong.

The answer should be option 2. Argument II follows because as food preservation can't help in increasing the variety to the diet. Secondly, by the preservation of food, wastage is reduced and we will not have a problem that the food will get spoiled. Options 1, 3 and 4 cannot be the answer. So the answer should be 2.

Thus, the correct answer is option 2.

Shortcut Trick

Cost Price (CP) for the shopkeeper = 82% of ₹2600 = ₹2132

Selling Price (SP) of the shopkeeper = 85% of ₹2800 = ₹2380

Earnings (Profit) = SP − CP = 2380 − 2132 = ₹248

∴ The correct answer is ₹248.

Alternate Method

Given:

Initial Marked Price (MP₁) = ₹2600

Discount allowed to shopkeeper = 18%

New Marked Price set by shopkeeper (MP₂) = ₹2800

Discount allowed to customer = 15%

Formula Used:

Selling Price (SP) = MP × (100 − D%) ÷ 100

Profit = SP − CP

Calculations:

⇒ Cost Price for shopkeeper (CP) = 2600 × (100 − 18) ÷ 100

⇒ CP = 2600 × 82 ÷ 100 = ₹2132

⇒ Selling Price of shopkeeper (SP) = 2800 × (100 − 15) ÷ 100

⇒ SP = 2800 × 85 ÷ 100 = ₹2380

⇒ Earnings = SP − CP

⇒ Earnings = 2380 − 2132 = ₹248

∴ The correct answer is ₹248.

Additional Information

Marked Price and Discount

Discount is always calculated on the Marked Price (MP) unless specified otherwise. SP = MP − Discount.

Profit and Loss

Profit is earned when Selling Price (SP) is greater than Cost Price (CP). Profit = SP − CP, and Profit % = (Profit ÷ CP) × 100.

Successive Discount

When two consecutive discounts x% and y% are given, the equivalent single discount is (x + y − xy ÷ 100)%.

The correct answer is Option 2 : Take it as a challenge and prove your position in the organization.

• Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Effective Intelligence, Self-confidence, Sense of responsibility and Speed of decision making).

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

Shortcut Trick

The side of a rhombus is the hypotenuse of a right triangle formed by half of its diagonals.

Side = √((d₁ ÷ 2)² + (d₂ ÷ 2)²)

⇒ Side = √(12² + 5²) = √(144 + 25) = √169 = 13 cm

Perimeter = 4 × Side = 4 × 13 = 52 cm

∴ The correct answer is 52 cm.

Alternate Method

Given:

Length of first diagonal (AC) = 24 cm

Length of second diagonal (BD) = 10 cm

Formula Used:

The diagonals of a rhombus bisect each other at right angles (90°).

By Pythagoras theorem: Hypotenuse² = Perpendicular² + Base²

Perimeter of a rhombus = 4 × side

Calculations:

⇒ Half of diagonal AC (OA) = 24 ÷ 2 = 12 cm

⇒ Half of diagonal BD (OB) = 10 ÷ 2 = 5 cm

⇒ In right-angled ΔAOB, the intersection at center O forms a 90° angle.

⇒ Applying Pythagoras theorem in ΔAOB:

⇒ AB² = OA² + OB²

⇒ a² = 12² + 5²

⇒ a² = 144 + 25

⇒ a² = 169

⇒ a = √169 = 13 cm

⇒ The perimeter of the rhombus = 4 × a

⇒ Perimeter = 4 × 13 = 52 cm

∴ The correct answer is 52 cm.

Additional Information

Direct Formula for Perimeter

The perimeter of a rhombus can be calculated directly from its diagonals using the formula: P = 2 × √(d₁² + d₂²).

Area of Rhombus

The area of a rhombus is half the product of the lengths of its diagonals: Area = (1/2) × d₁ × d₂.

Properties of Rhombus

All four sides of a rhombus are equal in length, and opposite sides are parallel. Its diagonals bisect interior angles and are perpendicular bisectors of each other.

I. Dev sits 7^th to the left of Sanjay.

Dev's sits 7^th to the left of Sanjay it means there are 6 people between Dev and Sanjay.

But there is no data given about the Vijay.

So, Statement I is not sufficient.

II. Vijay sits 12^th to the right of Dev.

Vijay sits 12^th to the right of Dev it means there are 11 persons between Vijay and Dev.

So, Statement II is not sufficient.

Combining both the statements;

So, there are 4 persons between Sanjay and Vijay.

Hence, The data given in both statements I and II together are sufficient to answer the question.

Given:

A : B = 1 : 2

B : C = 6 : 7

C : D = 5 : 6

D : E = 2 : 3

Calculation:

B : C = 6 : 7     ----(i)

And C : D = 5 : 6     ----(ii)

To equate the value of C in both equation we will multiply 5 in equation (i) and 7 in equation (ii)

So B : C = 30 : 35

C : D = 35 : 42

Also A : B = 15 : 30

And D : E = 42 : 63

∴ A : B : C : D : E = 15 : 30 : 35 : 42 : 63

The correct answer is Newton's 1^st law of motion.

Key Points 

• The branch of a tree is shaken violently; the leaves fall due to Newton's 1^st law of motion.
• Due to the phenomenon of the law of inertia, the leaves try to be at rest when a tree is shaken, but the branch and trunk are in motion which causes the leaves to fall from its branch.
• Newton's 1^st law of motion states that a body is at rest; it will remain at rest unless it is acted upon by some external forces.

Important Points 

• Newton’s 2^nd law states that the acceleration of an object as produced by a net force is directly proportional to the magnitude of the net force, in the same direction as the net force, and inversely proportional to the mass of the object.
• The Newton’s 3^rd law states that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Additional Information 

• The joule’s first law shows the relationship between heat produced by flowing electric current through a conductor.                                              \(​​​​Q = I^2 R T\)
• Joule's second law states that the internal energy of an ideal gas is independent of its volume and pressure, depending only on its temperature.

• Banaras Hindu University was formerly known as the Central Hindu College.
• It is situated in Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh.
• It was established in 1916 by Madan Mohan Malaviya, in co-operation with Annie Besant.
• Madan Mohan Malaviya  was also known as Mahamana.
• He was posthumously conferred with Bharat Ratna
• He also started a scouting inspired organisation called All India Seva Samit.

1. E is sitting at the west end and G is sitting at the east end.

2. F and A are sitting together. H is a neighbour of E and A.

3. C sits with G but doesn’t sit with B.

Hence, D is in the third position from the east end.

nGiven:

The average of 7 consecutive numbers is 20.

Formula used:

Average = \(\dfrac{sum \ of \ observation}{number \ of \ observation}\)

Calculations:

Let the consecutive numbers be a, (a+1), (a + 2), (a + 3), (a + 4), (a + 5), (a + 6)

According to problem,

\(\dfrac{a + (a + 1) + (a+ 2) + (a + 3) + (a + 4) + (a + 5) + (a + 6)}{7}\) = 20

⇒ 7a + 21 = 20 × 7

⇒ 7a = 140 - 21

⇒ 7a = 119

⇒ a = \(\dfrac{119}{7}\) = 17

So, The largest number = a + 6

⇒ 17 + 6 = 23

∴ The answer is 23 

Shortcut Trick

The average of consecutive numbers  = ( 1^st no. + last no)/2

As per the question,

⇒The average of 7 consecutive numbers = (a + a+6)/2 =20

⇒a + 3 =20

⇒a =17(shortest number)

So, The largest number = a + 6 = 23

By counting all the rectangles:

NMPR, PVRS, VSBT, BTDE, MLRJ, RJWS, SWTH, THFE, NVSM, NBTM, NDEM, DESV, DEPR, MSWL, MTHL, MEFL, EFWS, EFJR, PBTR, RTHJ, NPJL, PVWJ, VBHW, BDFH, NVWL, NBHL, NDFL, DFWV, DFJP, PBHJ.

Hence, there are ‘30’ rectangles in the given figure.

Oesophagus is the food tube.

• It is an organ in vertebrates, by which food travels from the pharynx to the stomach, aided by peristaltic contractions.
• This is a fibromuscular tube with an adult length of around 25 centimetres.
• This is one of the upper digestive system elements.
• Nutrition is absorbed through the mouth and passes through the pharynx first, and then into the oesophagus when swallowed.

From the above Diagram it is clear that E is Paternal Aunt of F.

Hence, Paternal Aunt is the correct Answer,

Shortcut Trick

The ratio of Total Surface Area (TSA) to Curved Surface Area (CSA) of a cylinder simplifies to (r + h) ÷ h.

Given diameter = 12 cm, so the radius (r) = 6 cm.

Given height (h) = 10 cm.

Required Ratio = (6 + 10) ÷ 10 = 16 ÷ 10 = 8/5.

∴ The correct answer is 8/5.

Alternate Method

Given:

Diameter of the cylinder (d) = 12 cm

Height of the cylinder (h) = 10 cm

Formula Used:

Total Surface Area (TSA) = 2 × π × r × (r + h)

Curved Surface Area (CSA) = 2 × π × r × h

Calculations:

⇒ Radius (r) = d ÷ 2 = 12 ÷ 2 = 6 cm

⇒ TSA = 2 × π × 6 × (6 + 10) = 12π × 16 = 192π cm²

⇒ CSA = 2 × π × 6 × 10 = 120π cm²

⇒ Required Ratio = TSA ÷ CSA

⇒ Required Ratio = 192π ÷ 120π

⇒ Required Ratio = 192 ÷ 120 = 16 ÷ 10 = 8/5

∴ The correct answer is 8/5.

Additional Information

Volume of a Cylinder

The volume of a right circular cylinder represents its total capacity and is calculated using the formula V = π × r² × h.

Surface Area of a Cone

For a cone with radius r and slant height l, the Curved Surface Area (CSA) = π × r × l and Total Surface Area (TSA) = π × r × (r + l).

Ratio Simplification Trick

When calculating ratios of formulas with common terms (like 2, π, and r in cylinder surface areas), it is always faster to algebraically simplify the ratio first before substituting numerical values to minimize calculation time.

The Correct Answer is Grand Commander of the Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean.

In News

• PM Modi Becomes 1^st Indian To Get Mauritius' Highest Honour.

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi became the first Indian to receive the highest civilian award of Mauritius, the Grand Commander of the Order of the Star and Key of the Indian Ocean.
• This award is PM Modi's 21^st international accolade.
• PM Modi is the fifth foreign national to receive this distinguished recognition.
• In a special gesture, PM Modi announced the issuance of Overseas Citizen of India (OCI) cards to Mauritian Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam and his spouse Veena Ramgoolam.

The pattern followed in each option is

So, all the letter - clusters follow a similar pattern except CKXQ.

Hence, the correct answer is "CKXQ".

Given:

Along the stream means downstream, Downstream speed = 8/1 = 8 km/hour

Against the stream means Upstream, Upstream speed = 2/1 = 2 km/hour

Formula Used:

Let the speed of boat be x km/hour and speed of stream be y km/hour

Downstream speed = (x + y)

Upstream speed =  (x - y)

Calculation:

According to question:

 (x + y) = 8       ---- (1)

 (x - y) = 2       ---- (2)

Solving above equation we get:

2x = 10 or x = 5 km/hour 

⇒ y = 8 - 5 = 3 km/hour  

∴ Speed of stream is 3 km/hr

Shortcut Trick

If the speed of the Man/Boat/Ship along the stream is u km/hr and the speed against the current is v km/hr, then

Speed of stream = \((u - v)\over2\) km/hr

Speed of Man/Boat/Ship = \((u + v)\over2\) km/hr

Speed of stream = \((u - v)\over2\) km/hr

⇒ \((8 - 2)\over2\) = 3 km/hr

∴ Speed of stream is 3 km/hr

Based on the data given, the family tree can be drawn.

1. B is the maternal uncle of F.
2. C is the paternal aunt of D.
3. B and C are siblings.
4. F is the daughter of E.
5. A is the mother of D, who is the nephew of C.

Hence, F is the daughter of C.

The correct answer is Sarod.

Key Points

• Ustad Amjad Ali Khan Bangash was born on 9 October 1945.
• He is an Indian classical sarod player, best known for his clear and fast akhara taans.
• He was born into a classical musical family and has performed internationally since the 1960s.
• He was awarded India's second-highest civilian award Padma Vibhushan in 2001.
• He first performed in the United States in 1963
• He was awarded 21^st Rajiv Gandhi National Sadbhavna Award. He received Padma Shri in 1975, Padma Bhushan in 1991, and Padma Vibhushan in 2001.

Additional Information

• Asad Ali Khan is associated with Rudra Veena.

The correct answer is Species.

Important Points

• The sum total of the populations of the same kind of organisms is called species.
• Species are often defined as a group of individuals with similar characteristics, where they can interbreed to produce fertile offsprings.

Taxonomy

• Taxonomy is the branch of biology that deals with naming, describing, and classification of all living organisms including plants.
• Classification is based on behavioral, genetic, and biochemical variations.
• Organisms are classified into seven main categories:  kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species.
• The scientific classification of humans is as follows:
• Kingdom:  Animalia
• Phylum: Chordata
• Class: Mammalia
• Order: Primates
• Family: Hominidae
• Genus: Homo
• Species: Sapiens

Preparing the family tree using the following symbols:

Possible family tree diagram will be:

Hence, the girl is the “niece” of the man.

Given:

\(x^2 + \frac{1}{x^2}=66\)

Formula used:

(a - b)² = a² + b² - 2ab

Calculations:

Consider \(x - \frac{1}{x}\)

On squaring \(x - \frac{1}{x}\) we have

\((x - \frac{1}{x})^2 = x^2+\frac{1}{x^2}-2.x.(\frac{1}{x})\)

⇒ \((x - \frac{1}{x})^2 = 66-2\)   | ∵ \(x^2 + \frac{1}{x^2}=66\)

⇒ \((x - \frac{1}{x})^2 = 64\)

⇒ \((x - \frac{1}{x}) = 8\)

Hence, the correct answer is option 1

Alternate Method If x - 1/x = a then x² + 1/x² = a² + 2

\(x^2 + \frac{1}{x^2}=66\)

⇒ 66 = a² + 2

⇒ a² = 66 - 2 = 64

⇒ a = √64 = 8

\((x - \frac{1}{x}) = 8\)

Concept:  

The movement of energy from one place to another is called energy transfer. Heat transfer mainly takes place due to temperature differences.

There are three modes of Heat transfer.

Explanation:

The fundamental modes of heat transfer are:

Conduction

• Conduction is the method of transfer of heat within a body or from one body to the other by molecules vibrating at their mean positions.
• The bodies through which the heat transfers must be in contact with each other.
• Conduction occurs usually in solids where molecules in the structure are held together strongly by intermolecular forces of attraction amongst them and so they only vibrate about their mean positions as they receive heat energy and thus pass it to the surrounding molecules through the vibration.

Convection:

• Convection is the mode of heat transfer which occurs mostly in liquids and gases.
• In this method, heat transfer takes place through the actual motion of matter from one place within the body to the other.

Radiation

• Radiation is a form of heat transfer.
• It does not require any medium and can be used for the transfer of heat in a vacuum as well.
• This method uses electromagnetic waves which transfer heat from one place to the other.

The correct answer is silver sulphide.

• When silver articles are kept in open or direct contact with air, then a layer of silver Sulfide is formed on the surface of the articles.

Key Points

• After a while, it will form silver sulphide after coming in contact with oxygen and Hydrogen sulphide present in the atmospheric air.
• The phenomenon is known as corrosion. It is called silver tarnishing, particularly for silver.
• The black substance obtained is known as the silver sulphide.
• The reaction that happens is:
• 4Ag + O₂ + 2H₂S → 2Ag₂S + 2H₂O
• Silver sulphide is useful as a photosensitizer in photography. It constitutes the tarnish that forms over time on silverware and other silver objects.

According to the question, the diagram is as follow-

In the diagram the shortest distance between Zoya's office and her home is OC.

Right-angle triangle ODC-

OD = 9 + 6 = 15

CD = AB = 8

According to the Pythagoras' theorem-

OC² = OD² + DC²

OC² = (15)² + (8)²

OC² = 289

OC = 17 km

The shortest distance between Zoya's home and her office is 17 km.

Hence, Option (3) is the answer.

Concept:

Calculation:

⇒ 78 of 5 ÷ 3 = ?

⇒ 390 ÷ 3 = ?

⇒ 130

∴ The required result will be 130.

Concept:

Lead-acid battery:

• Lead-acid type is the most widely used type of car batteries and it uses sulphuric acid for its reaction

• Primarily, these are regarded as the high-performance car batteries because of their affordability and ability to provide a large volume of current that is needed to start the car

• These are a low-cost reliable power workhorse used in heavy-duty applications

• They are usually very large and because of their weight, they’re always used in non-portable applications such as solar-panel energy storage, vehicle ignition and lights, backup power and load levelling in power generation/distribution

Explanation:

From the above explanation, we can see that storage battery or lead-acid battery consists of lead plates and sulphuric acid as shown in the reaction above

CONCEPT:

• Light: The light is an electromagnetic wave that can travel in a vacuum.
• Refraction of light: When a light ray travels from one medium to another then the light ray gets deviated from its path. This phenomenon is called the refraction of light.
• Refractive index: The ratio of the speed of light in a vacuum to speed of light in a medium is called the refractive index of that medium. It is also called an absolute refractive index.

\({\rm{Refractive\;index\;}}\left( \mu \right) = {\rm{}}\frac{{Speed\;of\;light\;in\;vaccum\left( C \right)}}{{Speed\;of\;light\;in\;a\;medium\left( v \right)}}\)

• Frequency: The number of waves per unit time is called frequency. The frequency of light is the property of the source from which the light is originating.
• The frequency of any wave doesn’t depend on the medium in which it is traveling.
• Wavelength: The distance between two adjacent maxima or two adjacent minima of a wave is called the wavelength of that wave. It is denoted by λ.

EXPLANATION:

• When a light ray travels from one medium/glass to another then its velocity changes because of the property of the glass/medium.
• When the light ray travels from one medium to another then due to a change in the refractive index, the wavelength of the light changes. So option 2 is correct.
• The energy of light doesn't change when passing through different mediums. Since we know the energy of light can be defined as E = hf, where h is Planck's constant and f is frequency, then we must conclude that frequency does not change. Therefore, lights frequency remains constant when passing through different mediums.
• So, the frequency of any wave doesn’t depend on the medium in which it is traveling. The frequency depends on the source of the light.
• So the frequency of the light ray remains the same. So options 1 and 3 are not correct.

• The correct answer is Option 3 : convinces his parents to keep the money for his sibling's marriage, for his studies, and to help his best friends up to some extent.

• Qualities Projected in this situation: (Effective Intelligence, Strong Reasoning Ability, Sense of Responsibility, Cooperative Nature, and Group Influencing Ability).

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

Given:

One side of a right-angled triangle is thrice the other.

The hypotenuse is 8 cm

Concept used:

Area of a right angle triangle = (1/2) × p × b

Where, p = perpendicular, b = base

Calculation:

Let the sides be 3x cm and x cm

⇒ 3x² + x² = 8²

⇒ 9x2 + x2 = 64

⇒ 10x2 = 64

⇒ x2 = 64/10

Area of the triangle = (1/2) × 3x × x

⇒ (1/2) × 3x²

⇒ (1/2) × 3 × 64/10

⇒ 96/10 = 9.6 cm²

∴ The area of the triangle is 9.6 cm2.

The correct answer is Option 1: Take it as a challenge and give your best.

• Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Effective intelligence and speed of decision).

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

The correct answer is Hyderabad.

Key Points

• A 3D-printed cornea was created from human donor corneal tissue by a team of researchers from the L V Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI), Hyderabad, Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad (IITH), and the Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CCMB), Hyderabad.
• The cornea created via 3D printing is natural, free of artificial materials, and safe for patients to use.
• By sealing the corneal perforation and preventing infection during war-related injuries or in a distant place without a tertiary eye care centre, the bio-ink used to create this 3D-printed cornea could save the sight of army men.

Additional Information

• The cornea is the clear outer layer at the front of the eye.
• The cornea aids in your eye's ability to focus light for clear vision.
• Important roles played by the cornea in the eye:
• Protecting internal eye structures,
• assisting with refractive power, and
• concentrating light on the retina with the least amount of scatter and optical deterioration.

As per the given information;

Distance between L(End point) and Starting point = √(35² + 5²)

= √(1225 + 25)

= √1250

= 25√2 m

Hence, "25√2" is the correct answer.

Given:

Current age ratio of A and B = 5 ∶ 8

Age ratio of A and B after 8 years = 3 ∶ 4

Concept:

The difference in ratios corresponds to the difference in years.

Solution:

According to the question,

⇒ \({{5x + 8}\over{8x + 8}} =\)(3 \over 4\)

⇒ 20x + 32 = 24x + 24

⇒ 4x = 8 

⇒ x = 8/4 = 2

Sum of present years = (8 + 5) × 2 = 26 years

∴ Sum is 26 years.

Members: P, Q, R, and S.

Let us first decode the given symbols and then draw the family tree.

Family Table:

Drawing a Family Tree for the Expression :  P + Q × R % S.

Therefore, P is the mother of Q, Q is the Father of R, and R is the sister of S.

Hence, from the figure, we can say that R is the "Granddaughter" of P.

The correct answer is carbohydrates.

Key Points

• An iodine test is used to check the presence of carbohydrates.
• Carbohydrates are organic compounds in which the ratio of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Oxygen is 1: 2: 1.
• Carbohydrates are classified into three major groups:
• Monosaccharides
• Oligosaccharides
• Polysaccharides
• In the iodine test if the sample contains carbohydrates then the sample turns blue-black in colour with a few drops of a potassium iodide solution.

Additional Information

• Proteins are tested using the Biuret test for proteins.
• Tests to determine fats are the Acrolein test, Baudouin test, and Hubble's test.