MP Police Constable : (19 Nov 2025, Shift 2) Memory-Based Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The Correct Answer is Sugata Srinivasaraju.

In News

• The Conscience Network Tells Diaspora's Fight Against Emergency.

Key Points

• The Conscience Network is a book by Sugata Srinivasaraju.
• It tells the story of young Indian diaspora activists in the U.S..
• These activists opposed the Emergency (1975–77) imposed by Indira Gandhi.
• Their resistance was through nonviolent and moral protest from abroad.
• The book highlights the defence of Indian democracy by those outside the country.
• Sugata Srinivasaraju is a veteran journalist, columnist, and historian with nearly 30 years of experience.
• He has worked in senior editorial roles across print, TV, and digital media.
• The book adds a new dimension to the narrative of Emergency resistance by focusing on voices often left out.

• Centre of gravity is an imaginary point in a body of matter where the entire weight of an object acts.
• This is sometimes useful in designing static structures (e.g., buildings and bridges) or tp predict the behaviour of a moving body when it is acted on by gravity.

The given series is: 2 5 2 6 5 2 2 6 3 8 9 5 6 3 6 2 2 5 5 3

Numbers in the series which are immediately preceded by an odd number and also immediately followed by an odd number:

→ 2 5 2 6 5 2 2 6 3 (8) 9 5 (6) 3 6 2 2 5 (5) 3

Here, we can see that there are 3 such numbers.

Hence, the correct answer is "3".

Given:

6tan2 α – 2 = 0

Calculation:

6tan2 α – 2 = 0

⇒ tan²α = 2/6

⇒ tan²α = 1/3

⇒ tanα = 1/√3 = tan 30° 

⇒ α = 30° 

∴ The required value of α is 30°

The correct answer is **C.

V. Raman**

Key Points

• **C.

V. Raman** was the first Indian to win the Nobel Prize in Physics.

• He was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1930 for his work on the scattering of light and for the discovery of the effect named after him, the Raman Effect.
• Raman's discovery was a significant advancement in the field of light scattering and helped in understanding the molecular composition of various substances.
• The Nobel Prize in Physics is awarded by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and is one of the most prestigious awards in the field of physics.
• C.

V. Raman's achievement remains a source of inspiration for many scientists and researchers in India and around the world.

Additional Information

• Sir Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman was born on 7^th November 1888 in Tiruchirappalli, Tamil Nadu, India.
• He was educated at Presidency College, Madras, and later joined the Indian Finance Service.
• In 1917, he became a professor of physics at the University of Calcutta and later served as the director of the Indian Institute of Science in Bangalore.
• Raman was also the founder of the Indian Journal of Physics in 1926.
• He was knighted in 1929 and received numerous awards and honors throughout his career, including the Bharat Ratna in 1954.
• Raman passed away on 21^st November 1970, leaving behind a rich legacy in the field of science and education.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e. 40°.

According to the law of reflection when a ray of light reflects off a surface than the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection.

• Now, Angle of incidence(i) = Angle of reflection(v)
• According to the question, Angle between the incident ray and reflected ray is 80°.
• From the diagram, i + v = 80°
• So, 2i = 80°
• Then, the incident angle = 40°

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows-

Conclusions: 

i. Some postcards are telephones. → False (As all postcards are telegrams and No telegram is a telephone.)

ii.

No envelope is a telephone. → True (As All envelopes are telegrams and No telegram is a telephone.)

iii.

No telephone is a postcard. → True(As All postcards are telegrams and No telegram is a telephone.)

Hence, only conclusions (ii) and (iii) follow.

Given, the length of the train = 600 m

Length of the platform = 1200 m

We know, speed = distance/time

Speed of the train = 600/24 = 25 m/sec

Time taken by train to cross the platform = (600 + 1200)/25 = 1800/25 = 72 sec.

Thus, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is Jabalpur.

Key Points

• Mahatma Gandhi State Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj is located in Jabalpur district in Madhya Pradesh.
• It was initially formed as an orientation center of Central India in 1953.
• Later on, it was handed over to MP Government in the year 1976-77.
• The MP Government has set up this new institute in the year 1987.
• It was renamed the Mahatma Gandhi State Institute of Rural Development and Panchayati Raj in 1994.
• It was granted Autonomous status in the year 1996.
• Aim
• To provide training to the elected representatives of Panchayati Raj.
• To analyze, design, and serve all emerging training needs of the Department of Rural Development.

Additional Information

• It has 6 Regional Centers known as Regional Rural Development Training Centers.
• Indore
• Bhopal
• Ujjain
• Gwalior
• Multai (Betul)
• Naogaon (Chhatarpur)
• Functions of this institute
• To impart training to the elected representatives of Panchayati Raj.
• To evaluate and monitor ongoing projects and schemes.
• It also provides training to Gram Sabha, Water Shield, Swashakti, and Self Help Group.

The correct answer is Sulphide coating on silver.

• Silver does not react with oxygen as it is highly unreactive.

Key Points

• But over time its surface turns black due to exposure to the air.
• Due to the availability of Hydrogen Sulphide (H₂S) in the air, a layer of silver Sulphide (Ag₂S) is formed and silver loses its shine.
• This blackness can be minimized by covering it with polythene.
• This blackness is a temporary effect on the surface and can be removed by rubbing with a mild soap solution prepared in warm water.

The pattern for the code is as follows,

In the same way-

Hence, WEDNESDAY is coded as UQFFCDFTW.

Given: 

Two trains start from a certain place on two parallel tracks in the same direction. The speed of the trains are 45 Km/hr and 40 Km/hr respectively.

Formula Used:

Distance = speed × time

Calculation:

Relative speed of 1^st train with respect to second train = 45 – 40 = 5 km/hr

Distance between them in 48 min = 5 × 48/60 = 4 km

Peninsular rivers:

• The Western Ghats make up an important water divide in peninsular India.
• The major rivers in peninsular India are the Mahanadi, the Godavari, the Krishna, and the Kaveri, which flow eastwards and drain into the Bay of Bengal.
• The major east-flowing rivers are the Godavari, Krishna, Cauvery, Mahanadi, but Narmada and Tapti are major West flowing rivers.

Important Points 

Narmada River - Also known as Reva.

• It is also known as the "Life Line of Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat".
• State - Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat
• Basin area - 98,796 km2
• Length - 1,312 km
• Source -  Narmada Kund (Vindhyachal Parvat Amarkantak Plateau, Anuppur district, Madhya Pradesh)
• Mouth - Gulf of Khambhat (Arabian Sea), Bharuch District, Gujarat​​

Tapi River - ​

• State - Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Gujarat
• Basin area - 62,225 km2
• Length - 724 km
• Source - Multai, Madhyapradesh
• Mouth -  Gulf of Khambhat (Arabian Sea), Dumas, Surat, Gujarat​

Additional Information

Other west-flowing rivers are

Mahi River - 

• ​State - Madhya Pradesh, Rajasthan, Gujarat
• Basin area - 35,000 km2
• Length - 580 km
• Source - Vindhyas, Madhya Pradesh
• Mouth -  Gulf of Khambhat (Arabian Sea) Anand District, Gujarat

Sabarmati River - 

• ​​State - Rajasthan, Gujarat
• Basin area - 30,680 km2
• Length - 371 km
• Source - Aravalli Range, Udaipur District, Rajasthan
• Mouth -  Gulf of Khambhat (Arabian Sea), Gujarat

The correct answer is voltmeter.

Key Points 

• A Voltmeter is an instrument used to measure the potential difference in a circuit.
• A voltmeter is always connected in parallel in the circuit to measure the potential difference between two points.
• Unit of Potential Difference - Volt.
• A galvanometer can be converted into a voltmeter by connecting a large resistance in series.
• Voltmeter was invented by Hans Orested.

Additional Information 

Drawing directions according to given information,

He is north - east from the starting point.

Hence, option 4 is correct.

Given :

There are total 5 boys 

Their heights are 70, 73, 74, 67 and 65 cm 

Concept used :

Median = Middle value of the set 

Calculations :

Arranging the heights in ascending order 

Arranged set = 65, 67, 70, 73 and 74

Median = 70 (middle value of the set)

∴ Median of the set is 70 cm

The correct answer is Public Order.

Key Points

• Public Order under the 'state list' of the Indian Constitution.
• Public order (but not including the use of any naval, military or air force or any other armed force of the Union or of any other force subject to the control of the Union or of any contingent or unit thereof in aid of the civil power).
• The listing of 'Public Order' in the state list under seventh schedule of the constitution denies the parliament / central government any legislative / policy-making role in matters relating to Public Order.

Additional Information 

• Criminal law talks about the behaviour that can be construed as offensive to the public, society or the land (whose law it is).
• Bankruptcy is a legal process through which people or other entities who cannot repay debts to creditors may seek relief from some or all of their debts.
• Civil procedure is the body of law that sets out the rules and standards that courts follow when adjudicating civil lawsuits.

The correct answer is d-Block elements.    

• d-Block elements are called- ''Transition elements'' because the elements move from one place to another.
• Block division of Elements: 
• The s-block elements having group 2 (alkaline earth metals) & group 1 (alkali metals).
• The p-block elements are groups 13-18 (basic metals, metalloids, nonmetals, halogens, and noble gases).
• The d and f Block elements in the groups of 3 to 11 are also called transition elements and inner transition elements respectively.
• 4f and 5f orbitals of f-block elements are steadily in the next two long periods.
• The position is highly thoughtful in the periodic table according to its nature & properties.

Additional Information

• Modern Periodic Table: 
• The defects of the periodic table of  Mendeleev were sorting out by Henry Moseley who invented the modern periodic law in 1913.
• The law of modern table states that - ''according to the increasing order of their atomic numbers if the elements are arranged, then the element's physical & chemical properties are repeated after regular intervals.

The correct answer is Option 1 : Tell your mother the importance of education and make her agree.

• Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Effective Intelligence, Self-confidence, Sense of responsibility, Courage, and Speed of decision making).

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

Given 

Length of AB = 12 cm 

Length of AC = 16 cm 

Formula used 

1.) Hypotnuese² = Perpendicular² + Base²

2.) 

BD = AB²/BC

Calculation:

In right angle ΔABC 

BC² = AC² + AB²

⇒ BC = √(12² + 16²) = 20 cm 

As we know that, 

AB × AC = BC × AD

⇒ 12 × 16 = 20 × AD

AD = 9.6

∴ The required answer is 9.6 cm

Bihar is not correct.

Key Points

• The Tropic of Cancer passes through eight states in India:
• Gujarat (Jasdan)
• Rajasthan (Kalinjarh)
• Madhya Pradesh (Shajapur)
• Chhattisgarh (Sonhat)
• Jharkhand (Lohardaga)
• West Bengal (Krishnanagar)
• Tripura (Udaipur)
• Mizoram (Champhai)

Additional Information

• The Tropic of Cancer is an imaginary line that is at an angle of 23.50 degrees. It is north of the equator, which runs through the middle of India.
• Tropic of Cancer (23°30'N) passes almost halfway through India.
• It is north of the equator, which runs through the middle of India. Tropic of Cancer passes through eight states of India.
• The mainland of India extends between 8°4'N and 37°6'N latitudes and 68°7'E and 97°25'E longitudes.

The correct answer is Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.

Key Points

• Reaction of hydrochloric acid and Iron:
• When dilute Hydrochloric acid is added to iron filings, iron chloride & hydrogen gas are produced.
• In this reaction, iron displaces hydrogen from hydrochloric acid to form iron chloride and hydrogen gas.
• The reaction can be represented as:
• Fe + 2HCl⟶FeCl₂ ​ + H₂ ​

The correct answer is Option 2 : Try to console and motivate him for the next time.

• Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Effective Intelligence, Self-confidence, Sense of responsibility, Courage, and Speed of decision making).

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

Given:

Average of 9 numbers = 30

Average of first five number = 25

Average of lat three number = 35

Formula used:

Sum of the number = Average of the number × Total number

Calculation:

Bu using formula

⇒ The sum of 9 numbers = 30 × 9 = 270

⇒ The sum of first 5 numbers = 25 × 5 = 125

⇒ The sum of last three numbers = 35 × 3 = 105

The 6^th number = sum of 9 number - (Sum of first 5 numbers + Sum of last 3 numbers)

⇒ 270 - (125 + 105) = 270 - 230 = 40

∴ The 6^th number is 40.

The correct answer is Yamuna Basin.

Key Points

• Chambal Valley Canal Irrigation Project
• Chambal Valley Project ​is a joint venture of Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh.
• It was initiated in 1954 on the Chambal River (the main tributary of the Yamuna).
• The project aims at harnessing the Chambal River for irrigation, power generation, and prevention and control of soil erosion in the valley.
• ​The project has been executed in three successive stages-
• The first stage consists of the construction of the 64 m high and 514 m long Gandhisagar dam about 8 km downstream of the Chaurasigarh fort in Bhanupura tehsil at the border of M.P. and Rajasthan.
• The second stage includes the construction of the 54 m high and 1,143 m long Rana Pratap masonry dam at Rawatbhata about 56 km downstream of the Gandhisagar dam.
• The third stage consists of the construction of a 45 m high and 548 m long gravity dam, known as the Jawahar Sagar dam or Kota dam, about 29 km upstream of Kota city.

The correct answer is  Periodically.

Key Points

CONCEPT:

• The electric current flows in two ways: Alternating current and Direct Current.

• Direct current flows only in one direction.

• Alternating current: The electric current whose direction changes periodically is called electric current.

• Alternating current reverses its direction periodically.

• It also changes its magnitude periodically because of the induced electromagnetic force.

• For Alternating current both magnitude and direction change. The frequency of the alternating current in the Indian power supply is 50 Hz. The time period is 1/50 = 20 msec.

EXPLANATION:

• In Alternating Current (AC), the direction and magnitude of the current vary periodically. So option 2 is correct.

The correct answer is Option 1 : ​will ask your brother to send the picture of the ticket and show that to the TTE with your original ID card.

• Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Effective Intelligence, Sense of responsibility, Courage, and Speed of decision making).

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

Shortcut Trick

Convert multiple principals into a single equivalent principal for 1 year.

Equivalent Principal = (P₁ × T₁) + (P₂ × T₂)

Equivalent Principal = (500 × 8) + (300 × 16) = 4000 + 4800 = Rs. 8800

Now, an equivalent principal of Rs. 8800 yields Rs. 1100 as Simple Interest in 1 year.

Rate % = (1100 ÷ 8800) × 100 = 12.5 %

∴ The correct answer is 12.5 %.

Alternate Method

Given:

Principal (P₁) = Rs. 500, Time (T₁) = 8 years

Principal (P₂) = Rs. 300, Time (T₂) = 16 years

Total Simple Interest = Rs. 1100

Formula Used:

Simple Interest (SI) = (P × R × T) ÷ 100

Case 1
Rs. 500 for 8 years

Case 2
Rs. 300 for 16 years

Total SI = Rs. 1100

Rate = R%

Calculations:

Let the equal rate of interest be R% per annum.

⇒ Total SI = SI₁ + SI₂

⇒ [(500 × R × 8) ÷ 100] + [(300 × R × 16) ÷ 100] = 1100

⇒ 40R + 48R = 1100

⇒ 88R = 1100

⇒ R = 1100 ÷ 88

⇒ R = 12.5

∴ The correct answer is 12.5 %.

Additional Information

Concept of Equivalent Principal

When the interest rate is constant across different parts, we can multiply each principal by its respective time to get an equivalent principal for 1 year. Total SI = Rate% × Σ(P × T).

Difference between Simple and Compound Interest

For a sum P at rate R% for 2 years, the difference between CI and SI is calculated using the direct formula: Difference = P(R ÷ 100)².

Direct SI Rule

Simple interest increases linearly. The interest for any given year remains exactly the same as the first year because the principal remains unchanged throughout the entire period.

The correct answer is Singrauli.

Key Points

• Essar Mahan Power Plant
• It is a 1,200 MW (2×600 MW) captive coal-fired pit-head power plant located in Singrauli district, Madhya Pradesh. Hence, Option 2 is correct.
• It supplies power through the Mahan-Sipat transmission line, that is built by Essar Power Transmission Company and was commissioned in September 2018.
• The plant is supported by an end-to-end raw material sourcing and evacuation infrastructure.

Additional Information

The correct answer is CHCl₃

Key Points

• CHCl₃ is the chemical formula of chloroform.
• It is a thick, colourless, sweet-smelling liquid that is produced as a precursor to PTFE on a large scale.
• When inhaled or swallowed, it is a potent anesthetic, euphoric, anxiolytic, and sedative.

Additional Information 

• CCl4 is the chemical formula of carbon tetrachloride.
• CH3OH is the chemical formula of methyl alcohol.
• C2H5OH is the chemical formula of Ethyl alcohol.

The positions of the letters according to the English alphabet series.

The pattern followed here is :

Similarly,

Hence, 'BCO' is the correct answer.

Given :

Side of equilateral triangle is 12 cm. 

Formula used :

Area of an equilateral triangle = (√3/4) side²

Calculations :

Area of triangle = (√3/4) (12)²

⇒ 36√3 

∴ Option 3 is the correct answer.

In District Administration, the principal function of a Tahsildar is - Administration of Land Revenue.

Important Points

• All states in India are divided into districts.
• For managing matters relating to land these districts are further sub-divided.
• These sub-divisions of a district are known by different names such as tehsil, taluka, etc.
• At the head is the District Collector and under her are the revenue officers, also known as tahsildars.
• The principal function of a Tahsildar is the administration of land revenue.
• They have to hear disputes related to agricultural land.
• They also supervise the work of the Patwaris and ensure that records are properly kept and land revenue is collected.
• They make sure that the farmers can easily obtain a copy of their record, students can obtain their caste certificates etc.
• The Tehsildar’s office is where land disputes are also heard.

Therefore, the principal function of a Tahsildar is - Administration of Land Revenue.

Concept:

Reflection: 

• The phenomena in which light ray is sent back into the same medium from which it is coming, on interaction with boundary, is called reflection.
• Laws of reflection: it states that angle of incident will be equal to angle of reflection for a ray of light reflected from plain polished surface

 i.e., The angle of incidence (θ i ) = Angle of reflection (θ r )

Note:

The incident ray, the reflected ray, and normal to the surface of incidence always lies in the same plane as shown above.

Explanation:

According to the law of reflection, the angle of reflection must equal the angle of incidence for each ray.

A bunch of teenagers with a lighter at a dark corner of the street looks like a suspicious scene. Hence it is your duty to go and inquire.

So option 1 is correct. And option 2 is incorrect.

You need to know what their intentions are before taking any action, hence options 3 and 4 are eliminated.

Hence the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• When the question indicates words or phrases like 'dark corner', it means the actions are suspicious and require attention.
• Teenager - a young person between 13 and 19 years old (inclusive)

Given:

Total surface area of cylinder = 440π cm²

Radius of cylinder (r) = 10 cm

Formula:

 surface area of cylinder = 2πr(r + h)

Calculation:

According to the question

2πr (r + h) = 440π

⇒ 2 × 10 × (10 + h) = 440

⇒ (10 + h) = 440/20

⇒ 10 + h = 22

⇒ h = 22 – 10

⇒ h = 12 cm

∴ Height of cylinder is 12 cm

The correct answer is Aurangzeb.

Key Points

• Asoka -
• Emperor Ashoka was the great emperor of the Indian Maurya dynasty.
• Ashoka's full name was "Devanampriya" Ashoka Maurya (King Priyadarshi, the deity of the gods).
• Ashoka's place in Buddhism was only after Lord Buddha.
• Ashoka, the heir to the vast empire established by Chandragupta Maurya, took power in 273 BC after the death of his father Bindusara.
• Ashoka's name is included in the **great emperors of Indian history.**​
• Kanishka -
• Kanishka was the chief emperor of the Kushan dynasty.
• Kanishka holds a special place in Indian history as a lover of his conquests, religious tendencies, literature, and art.
• Aurangzeb -
• Aurangzeb was a great Mughal ruler of India who ruled India for many years.
• Aurangzeb ruled from 1658 to 1707 for almost 49 years.
• Aurangzeb had the title "Alamgir" himself of his name, which meant world conqueror.
• After Akbar, Aurangzeb was the Mughals' only emperor who sat on the throne of the king for so long.​
• Harsha Vardhan -
• At the beginning of the 7^th century, Harshavardhana (606–647 AD) assumed the throne of Thaneshwar and Kannauj when his brother Rajyavardhana died.
• The Chinese traveler Xuanzang came to India during the reign of Harshavardhana
• Hieun Tsang has given a lively description of social, economic, and religious conditions during Harshavardhana's rule and praised Harshavardhana.​

The correct answer is Transition elements.

Key PointsSuperconductors:

• Superconductivity is a set of physical properties:
• electrical resistance vanishes
• magnetic flux fields are expelled from the material.
• Unlike an ordinary metallic conductor, whose resistance decreases gradually as its temperature is lowered even down to near absolute zero
• A superconductor has a characteristic critical temperature below which the resistance drops abruptly to zero.
• An electric current through a loop of superconducting wire can persist indefinitely with no power source.
• Superconductor material classes include chemical elements (e.g. mercury or lead), alloys (such as niobium-titanium, germanium–niobium, and niobium nitride), ceramics (YBCO and magnesium diboride), etc.
• Superconductors are mostly compounds of transition metal. Hence option 4 is correct.

The positions of the letters according to the English alphabet series:

The pattern for this is as follows;

Hence, "RIT" is the correct answer.

Given:

sinθ = cosθ

Calculation:

sin θ = sin (90 - θ)

Taking inverse both sides,

⇒ θ = 90 - θ

⇒ 2θ = 90°

∴ θ = 45°

The correct answer is violates the constitution.

Key Points

• According to the Article-61 of the Constitution, the resolution for impeachment against the President can be brought, when he/she violates the constitution.

Additional Information 

• Article 61- Procedure for impeachment of the President:
• When a President is to be impeached for violation of the Constitution, the charge shall be preferred by either House of Parliament.
• A resolution to impeach the president has to be passed by a two-thirds majority of the total number of members of the originating house.
• It is then sent to the other house.
• The other house investigates the charges that have been made.
• If the resolution to impeach the President passed by a two-thirds majority of the total number of members of the second house, then the President is impeached.

The correct answer is Melamine.

Concept:

Plastic is also a polymer like synthetic fibre.

There are two types of plastics: thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics.

• Thermoplastics
• Some plastic gets deformed easily on heating and can be bent easily are known as thermoplastics.
• Polythene and PVC are some examples of thermoplastics.
• Thermoplastics are used in the manufacturing of combs, toys, and various containers.
• Thermosetting plastics
• Some plastics, on the other hand,  which when moulded once, can not be softened by heating are known as thermosetting plastics.
• Bakelite and melamine are two examples of thermosetting plastics.

Explanation:

Melamine

• Melamine is a thermosetting plastic.
• Melamine resists fire and can tolerate heat better than other plastics.
• Melamine is a poor conductor of heat and is fire resistant.
• The majority of synthetic fibers are poor conductors of heat and electricity.
• Melamine, on the other hand, is used as a flame-resistant coating on firefighter uniforms.
• The uniforms of firemen have a coating of melamine plastic to make them flame resistant.
• Melamine is also used for making floor tiles, kitchenware, and fabrics which resist fire.
• It is also used to prevent the spread of fire in airplanes, buses, and other vehicles.

Additional InformationBakelite

• Bakelite is a thermosetting plastic.
• Bakelite on heating becomes malleable and liquefiable.
• However, as it cools, it becomes permanently rigid and hard, as it is a thermosetting plastic.
• It is used for making electrical switches, handles of various utensils, etc.

PVC

• PVC is a thermoplastic
• PVC stands for Poly Vinyl Chloride.
• PVC has two basic forms: rigid and flexible.
• It is used in the manufacturing of rain (PVC) coats, handbags, vinyl flooring, and water pipes.

Polythene

• Polythene is a thermoplastic.
• Polyethylene is a compound made from the polymerization of ethylene.
• Polyethylene is a lightweight, versatile synthetic plastic.
• It is the most commonly used plastic in the world, with applications ranging from shopping bags and clear food wrap to automobile fuel tanks and detergent bottles.

The given statements stress on the importance of outdoor activities and sports for children and how children no longer prefer to play outdoors as an impact of the availability of gadgets. From the given conclusions, conclusion I offers a valid solution while conclusion II does not provide a possible solution to solve the problem. Hence, only conclusion I can be drawn from the given statements and option 1 is the right answer.

Given,

Principal = Rs. 1200

Rate = 4%

Formula:

SI = PRT/100

A = Amount, P = Principal, r = rate and t = time.

Calculation:

Principal = Rs. 1200

According to the question

SI = Rs. 1200

A = 1200 + 1200 = Rs. 2400

1200 = 1200 × 4 × T/100

 T = 25 years

The correct answer is Civil Disobedience Movement.

Key Points

• Gandhiji's famous Dandi March in March 1930 heralded the start of the Civil Disobedience Movement movement.
• On March 12, 1930, Gandhiji set out from Sabarmati with 78 followers on a 241-mile march to the coastal town of Dandi on the Arabian Sea.
• There, Gandhi and his supporters were to defy British policy by making salt from seawater.
• At Dandi, thousands more followed his lead, and in the coastal cities of Bombay and Karachi, Indian nationalists led crowds of citizens in making salt.
• Civil disobedience broke out all across India, soon involving millions of Indians, and British authorities arrested more than 60,000 people.
• Gandhiji himself was arrested on May 5, but the satyagraha continued without him.
• It was the start of the civil disobedience movement which commenced as Mahatma Gandhi broke the salt law on the coastal town of Dandi on the Arabian Sea 
• Dandi March is also known as Namak Satyagrah or Salt Satyagrah.
• The Salt March was a 24-day Salt March, which was non-violent in nature, is historically significant as it led to the mass Civil Disobedience Movement.
• Hence, option 4 is correct.

Additional Information

• On 23 April, the arrest of Congress leaders in the North-West Frontier Province led to a mass demonstration of unprecedented magnitude in Peshawar.
• Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan had been active for several years in the area, and it was his mass work that lay behind the formation of the band of non-violent revolutionaries, the Khudai Khidmatgars, popularly known as the Red Shirts who were to play an extremely active role in the Civil Disobedience Movement.
• The atmosphere created by their political work contributed to the mass upsurge in Peshawar during which the city was virtually in the hands of the crowd for more than a week.
• The Peshawar demonstrations are significant because it was here that the soldiers of the Garhwali regiments refused to fire on the unarmed crowd.

The correct answer is Walking on a wet marble floor.

Key Points

• Walking on a wet marble floor becomes difficult without a frictional force.
• Frictional Force-It is the force generated by two surfaces that contact and slide against each other.
• One can also say that friction is the resistance to the motion of one object moving relative to another.
• There is friction between our foot and the non-smooth surface. On the non-smooth force, we push the ground backward while walking and a frictional force acts in the opposite direction (forward direction). This prevents our foot from slipping backward.
• On a wet marble floor, the friction is very less on the smooth surface. Hence, it is difficult to move without friction.

Given series: A35Z, B48Y, C63X, D80W, ?

The logic followed here is,

For First letter: A + 1 = B, B + 1 = C, C + 1 = D, D + 1 = E

For Number: 6² - 1 = 35, 7² - 1 = 48, 8² - 1 = 63, 9² - 1 = 80, and 10² - 1 = 99

For last Letter: Z - 1 = Y, Y - 1 = X, X - 1 = W, W - 1 = V

Hence, the next term will be E99V.

Given:

Principal (P) = 12,500

Amount (A): 15,500

Time (t) = 4 year

Formula used:

\(S.I. = \frac{P \times R \times t}{100}\)

S.I = Amount - Principal

Calculation:

⇒ S.I. = 15,500 - 12,500

⇒ S.I. = 3,000

⇒ \(3,000 = \frac{12,500 \times R \times 4}{100}\)

⇒ \(R = \frac{3000 \times 100}{12,500 \times 4}\)

⇒ R = 6%

∴ correct answer is 6%

• Fundamental Rights are Justiciable in the court of law.
• Anyone can appeal in the court if someone infracts his/her Fundamental Rights(Article 32 and Article 226).
• The Fundamental Rights are defined as basic human freedoms that every Indian citizen has the right to enjoy for proper and harmonious development of personality.
• These rights universally apply to all citizens, irrespective of race, place of birth, religion, caste or gender.

Concept

Scalar Quantity: 

The physical quantities which require only magnitude to express are called scalar quantities.

• Examples: Mass, Distance, time, speed, volume, temperature, density, volume of electric current, work, power, etc.

Vector Quantity: 

The physical quantities which require both magnitude and direction to express are called vector quantities.

• Example: Displacement, Weight, velocity, acceleration, force, momentum, Impulse, electric field, magnetic field, etc.

Explanation:

• Mass-Scalar Quantity
• Distance - Scalar Quantity
• Momentum - Vector Quantity
• Speed - Scalar Quantity

Important Points How momentum is a vector quantity?

• Momentum is defined as the product of mass and velocity, and we know that mass is a scalar quantity, as it only has magnitude, while velocity is a vector,  as it has both magnitude and direction.
• ​And the product of scalar and vector is always a vector quality, hence the product of mass and velocity i.e. momentum is also a vector quantity

Given, 11^th December 1899 = Wednesday

Code for weekdays:

Total Days between 11^th December 1899 to 17^th December 1901 is 2 years and 6 days.

1899 = Normal year (1 odd day)

1900 = Normal Years (1 odd day),

Total days = 1 + 1 + 6 = 8 days (1 week and 1 odd day),

So, Wednesday + 1 = Thursday.

17the December 1901 = Thursday

hence, the correct answer is "Thursday".

Confusion Points1900 is not a leap year, it is a normal year. a year that is evenly divisible by 400 (for example, 1900) is a leap year only if it is also evenly divisible by 400, and 1900 is not completely divisible by 400.

Mistake Points Note: Never check the actual calendar to resolve the calendar's question, You have to solve the question according to the concept.

From the given data,

⇒ (sinθ + cosθ)² = sin²θ + cos²θ + 2sinθcosθ = 1 + 2cosθsinθ    (∵ sin²θ + cos²θ = 1)

The correct answer is Kirana.

Key Points

• Kirana Gharana
• It is one of the most prolific Indian classical Khyal Gharanas.
• Ustad Abdul Karim Khan started the Kirana Gharana.
• It belongs to Uttar Pradesh.

Additional Information

• Maihar Gharana
• It is a style of Indian classical music originating in the northern parts of India.
• It was formed by Allaudin Khan in the princely state of Maihar.
• Prominent Musicians belonging to this Gharana: Ravi Shankar, Nikhil Banerjee, Sharan Rani, etc.
• Gwalior Gharana
• It is one of the oldest Kyal Gharana in Indian Classical music.
• The Gwalior Gharana gayaki is lucid and simple. The Gharana was patronized by the Mughal emperor Akbar.
• Senia Gharana
• The word Senia is related to Tansen, the father of Indian Classical Music.
• The followers of Tansen's school of music are widely known as the followers of Senia Gharana.
• The style of this Gharana has its own specialty of having 17 frets on Sitar.

The correct answer is B₂O₃.

CONCEPT:

• Glass is a transparent material obtained when a complex mixture of highly viscous silicates, upon moderately rapid cooling, solidifies to an amorphous rigid body without crystallization.
• It is essentially a supercooled liquid.
• Different types of glasses: Soda glass, Pyrex glass, Jena glass etc.

EXPLANATION:

• Pyrex glass is borosilicate glass, which contains B₂O₃ as its major ingredient.
• It is obtained by fusing together quartz/sand, sodium carbonate, aluminum oxide, boric oxide.
• It has a very low coefficient of thermal expansion and is able to withstand large temperature changes.
• It is used for making laboratory glassware and cookware that can be heated to high temperatures.

Logic:

Badminton  is played on the court

Similarly, 

Skating is done on the Rink

So, the correct answer is' Rink'.

Calculation:

25% of \(16\frac{2}{3}\)% of Rs. 4800

⇒ (25/100) × (50/300) × Rs. 4800

⇒ Rs. (4800/24) = Rs. 200

∴ The required value is Rs. 200.

The correct answer is 2^nd.

• As per the Census 2011, Madhya Pradesh is the 2^nd largest state of India.
• The largest state of India is Rajasthan.

Important Points

• Jammu & Kashmir is the largest union territory in India in terms of area which covers 2,22,236 sq. km of land area.
• It followed by Ladakh (96,701 km²), Andaman & Nicobar Islands (8,249 km²)
• Lakshadweep is the smallest (32.62 km²) UT in terms of area.

• Silver (Ag) does not react with Oxygen (O) even at a high temperature because of the less reactivity of Sliver.
• Reactive elements displace the less reactive elements in a chemical reaction.
• The reactive element loose electrons readily to attain stable electronic configuration and thus reduce another element and oxidize themselves.
• Reactive metals are found on top of the reactivity series.
• The order of reactivity of metals is given below.

The logic follows here is:

The number of odd days in Centuries:

Note:

• Multiple of 400 years i.e. 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 have 0 odd days.

Calculating leap year: For Finding a number of leap year (1 - 99) years, divide the number of years by 4 and the quotient will be the number of leap years.

Code of weekdays:

'5' is the code for "Friday".

Hence, the correct answer is "Friday".

Calculation: 

Let the speed of the first train be 5x and the speed of the second train be 7x.

Speed of the first train = Distance / Time = 300/3 = 100 km/hr

According to the question:

5x = 100

⇒ x = 20

∴ The speed of the second train = 7x = 7 × 20 = 140 km/hr.

The correct answer is Admission of new States.

Important Points

• Article 3 of the Indian Constitution:
• It empowered the Parliament to make laws relating to the formation of new states and alteration of existing states.
• Parliament may by law:
• Form a new State by separation of territory from a State or by uniting two or more States or parts of States
• Increase the area of any State
• Diminish the area of any State
• Alter the boundaries of any State
• Alter the name of any State

Confusion Points

• Article 2 of the Indian Constitution:
• It states that the parliament may, by law, admit new states into the Union of India or establish new states on terms and conditions it deems fit.
• The addition of the State of Sikkim by the 35^th (1974) and 36^th (1975) constitutional amendments.

pH of some common aqueous solutions

1. Tunnel → ENROLLMENT (Letter U is not present)

2. Rolled → ENROLLMENT (Letter D is not present)

3. Mention → ENROLLMENT (Letter I is not present)

4. Molten → ENROLLMENT (the word can be formed)

Hence, ‘Molten’ is the correct alternative.

Shortcut Trick

Total Average of 9 numbers = 32

Net deviation for overlap = 5 × (22 − 32) + 5 × (38 − 32)

Net deviation = 5 × (−10) + 5 × (6) = −50 + 30 = −20

Fifth number = 32 − 20 = 12

∴ The correct answer is 12.

Alternate Method

Given:

Average of 9 numbers = 32

Average of first 5 numbers = 22

Average of last 5 numbers = 38

Formula Used:

Sum = Average × Number of observations

Fifth number (overlap) = (Sum of first 5 + Sum of last 5) − Total Sum of 9 numbers

Calculations:

⇒ Sum of 9 numbers = 9 × 32 = 288

⇒ Sum of first 5 numbers = 5 × 22 = 110

⇒ Sum of last 5 numbers = 5 × 38 = 190

⇒ Sum of (first 5 + last 5) = 110 + 190 = 300

⇒ Fifth number = 300 − 288 = 12

∴ The correct answer is 12.

Additional Information

Average of Overlapping Terms

When the sum of the subsets (m + n) exceeds the total number of terms (N), the overlapping term is calculated as: Overlap = (Sum_m + Sum_n) − Total Sum.

Average of Missing Terms

If the sum of subsets (m + n) is less than the total terms (N), the missing term is: Missing = Total Sum − (Sum_m + Sum_n).

Arithmetic Mean Formula

The basic formula for average is Sum of all terms ÷ Total number of terms.

The correct answer is Din-i-ilahi.

• Din-i Ilahi. Din-i Ilahi “the religion of God,” was a system of religious beliefs introduced by the Mughal emperor Akbar in 1582 CE.
• His idea was to combine Islam and Hinduism into one faith, but also to add aspects of Christianity, Zoroastrianism and Jainism.

The correct answer is Mitochondria.

Explanation:

• Mitochondria is a double membrane organelle.
• It is semi-autonomous and can control some of its functioning.
• Its number varies in plant and animal cells.
• Plants have chloroplast, nucleus, mitochondria, and ribosomes.
• Mitochondria in the energy production unit in the plant cell.
• Here, the ATP synthesis takes place.
• The glucose produced by photosynthesis is broken down to produce energy in the form of ATP in the mitochondria.
• The proton gradient that is generated during the electron transport results in the formation of ATP.
• This process is equivalent to the respiratory system and is called as cellular respiration.

​Hence, mitochondria produce energy in plant cells using the respiratory system.

Confusion Points

• Chloroplast helps in Photosynthesis and the formation of Glucose, with the help of Light Energy.
• Mitochondria on the other hand help in cellular respiration which breaks down sugar into ATP inside plant cells.

Additional Information

According to given conditions,

A is granddaughter of D.

Hence, ‘granddaughter’ is the correct answer.

Given:

Aman can do 1/4 of a work in 12 days.

Sashi is three time more efficient as Aman.

Calculation:

Aman can do 1/4 unit of a work in 12 days

Aman can do 1 unit of work in 12 × 4 = 48 days.

According to the question, Sashi : Aman = 3 : 1

So, Sashi can do the work in 16 days.

The correct answer is 56%.

In News

• The Comprehensive Modular Survey: Education, 2025, reported that government schools account for about 56% of total enrolments in India, with higher enrolment in rural areas (66%) compared to urban areas (30%).

Key Points

• Government schools account for the majority of enrolments nationwide (56%).
• In rural areas, enrolments are much higher at 66%, while in urban areas it is about 30%.
• Private unaided recognised schools account for about 32% of enrolments nationwide.
• The survey highlights the significant role of government schools in India’s education system, especially in rural regions.

Additional Information

• Expenditure on Education
• Average per student expenditure in government schools: ₹2,863.
• Average per student expenditure in non-government schools: over ₹25,000.
• Breakdown of Expenses
• Course fees are the largest expense (over ₹7,000).
• Textbooks and stationery follow at around ₹2,000.
• Urban households spend significantly more in every category.
• Survey Objective
• Conducted by the Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation.
• Main objective: Generate national-level estimates of average expenditure on school education and private coaching.

Concept:

• Exocrine glands: The glands which secrete substances on the epithelial surface through the ducts are called exocrine glands. Eg. sweat, salivary, mammary, ceruminous, lacrimal, sebaceous, prostate, and mucous glands.
• Endocrine glands: The glands which secrete hormones and other substances directly into the bloodstream are called endocrine glands. Eg. Pituitary, Pineal, Thyroid, Thymus, Gonads, etc.

Explanation:

• Saliva is an exocrine secretion of the salivary glands.
• There are 4 pairs of salivary glands in mammals:

1. Infra-orbital glands: Situated below the eye orbit. Ducts of these glands open into the upper-jaw near the 2^nd molar teeth.
2. Parotid-glands: These are the largest salivary glands. Situated below the auditory-capsule (ear). Their ducts called Parotid duct/Stenson's duct that open in the buccal-vestibule.
3. Submaxillary glands: Situated at the junction of the upper and the lower jaw. Their duct called Wharton's duct open in the lower jaw just behind the incisor teeth.
4. Sublingual glands: These are the smallest salivary glands situated in the lower jaw. Their ducts called Ducts of Rivinus open in the buccopharyngeal cavity on the ventral side of the tongue.

Additional Information

• Oxytocin: It is an endocrine gland secretion. It is also known as the birth hormone. It stimulates uterine contraction during the time of childbirth.
• Thyroxine: It is an endocrine secretion of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland requires 120 microgram Iodine per day for the production of thyroxine It regulates the basal metabolic rate of the body.
• Vasopressin: Also called Antidiuretic hormone secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. It mainly acts on the kidney and stimulates the reabsorption of water by the distal convoluted tubules and thereby reduces the loss of water through urine (Diuresis) so-called antidiuretic hormone

The logic follows here is:-

Each term is increasing by the multiplication of 3 with subtraction of 2.

Hence, the correct answer is "163".

Given:

a - b = 2 and ab = 24

We know that: (a - b)³ = a³ - b³ - 3ab(a - b)

⇒ (2)³ = a³ - b³ - 3(24)(2)

⇒ 8 = a³ - b³ - 144

⇒ 144 + 8 = a³ - b³ 

∴ a³ - b³ = 152 

Shortcut Trick

a - b = 2 and ab = 24,

Given condition satisfies for a = 6 and b = 4,

⇒ a3 - b3

⇒ 63 - 43

⇒ 216 - 64

⇒ 152

∴ The value is 152.

The correct answer is Tapi.

Key Points

• The Tapi river is a river in central India located to the south of the Narmada river which flows westwards before draining into the Arabian Sea.
• The river has a length of around 724 kms and flows through the states of Maharashtra, Gujarat, and Madhya Pradesh.
• Tapi river originates from Multai Betul district Madhya Pradesh and also from the Satpura range.