MP Police Constable : (13 Nov 2025, Shift 1) Memory-Based Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Nimar.

Confusion Points

• Now the Nimar district has been divided into two districts West Nimar is known as 'Khargone' and East Nimar is known as 'Khandwa' district.

Key Points

• The Nimar district of the Madhya Pradesh state is known as the " White Gold" because of its largest production of Cotton in the district.
• For the production of Cotton, black soil is the most suitable soil production.
• The other cotton production districts in the state are Barwani, Dhar, Dewas, Indore, Neemuch, and Burhanpur.

Additional Information

 West Nimar:

East Nimar:

The correct answer is the stem.

Key Points

• Jute fibers are the bast fibers, generally soft and shiny.
• Jute is a natural fibre.
• Jute fiber consists of plant material cellulose and lignin.
• The jute fibrous are separated from the stem by using the following process:
• The process includes three steps:
• Retting
• Stripping
• Picking
• Retting means soaked in water. In this process, the stem of jute plants is taken and made into bundles.
• These bundles are immersed in slow-running water, so the bundle gets wetted.
• Stripping process - In this process the non-fibrous thing is separated from the bundles. This process is done by hand.
• Picking process - After stripping the workers picked the fibrous from the mass of the stem. So, jute fiber is obtained from the stem of the jute plant. Hence, Option 4 is correct.
• The wetting process is of two types:
• Ribbon wetting
• Stem wetting After wetting the stripping process is done.

Additional Information

• Bast fibers are the fibers extracted from the past which surround the stem.
• Bast is also known as phloem.
• Jute is also called golden fiber due to its golden color and high economical value.
• It is a biodegradable and recyclable fiber. Jute fibers are used to make mats, twins and ropes, gunny sacks, and bags. Jute fiber has high tensile strength, smooth luster, and is silky and shiny.
• The main source of jute fibre is Corchorus olitorius.

The pattern for the code is as follows:

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "XETROC".

Given:

Five years ago,

The ratio of ages of A and B = 4 : 5

Fifteen years from now,

The ratio of their ages = 8 : 9

Calculation:

Let the age of A be x years

And B be y years

According to the question:

Five years ago,

(x - 5)/(y - 5) = 4/5

⇒ 5x - 25 = 4y - 20

⇒ 5x - 4y = -20 + 25 = 5

⇒ 5x - 4y = 5      ----(1)

Again,

Fifteen years from now,

(x + 15)/(y + 15) = 8/9

⇒ 9x + 135 = 8y + 120

⇒ 9x - 8y = 120 - 135

⇒ 9x - 8y = -15      ----(2)

Multiplying by 2 in equation(1), then subracting from equation(1) to equation(2):

(10 x - 8y) - (9x - 8y) = 10 - (-15)

⇒ 10x - 8y - 9x + 8y = 25

⇒ x = 25 years

Putting the value of x in equation(1):

⇒ 5x - 4y = 5 

⇒ 5 × 25 - 4y = 5

⇒ 125 - 4y = 5

⇒ 4y = 120

⇒ y = 120/4 = 30 years

The ratio of their present ages = 25 : 30 = 5 : 6

∴ The ratio of their present ages are 5 : 6.

Alternate Method

As there is equal change in ratio 

4 corresponds to 5 + 15 = 20

⇒ 1 corresponds to 20/4 = 5

Age of A 5 years ago = 4 × 5 = 20

Present age of A = 20 + 5 = 25

Age of B 5 years ago = 5 × 5 = 25

Present age of A = 25 + 5 = 30

Ratio of present age of A and B = 25 ∶ 30 = 5 ∶ 6

∴ The ratio of their present ages are 5 : 6.

The correct answer is option 4

Key PointsLakshmi Narayan Temple:

• Lakshmi Narayan Temple of Orchha was built by Vir Singh Deo in 1622 AD.  Hence option 4 is correct
• This temple is built on a hill to the west of Orchha village. There are paintings from the 17^th and 19^th centuries in the temple.
• The scenes of the battle of Jhansi and the figures of Lord Krishna remain in the temple.
• This temple is a unique style of architecture, which is a mixture of fort and temple.
• It is one of the most well-preserved temples in Orchha and is a fine example of Bundela architecture.
• Architecture:
• The temple is built on a high platform and has a multi-storied structure with a number of spires.
• The entrance to the temple is through a huge gateway that is adorned with intricate carvings.
• The temple has several halls and chambers that are adorned with beautiful paintings, frescoes, and murals.
• The walls of the temple are decorated with scenes from the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.
• The sanctum sanctorum of the temple houses the idol of Lord Vishnu in his reclining form, along with Goddess Lakshmi. The idols are made of black stone and are highly revered by the devotees.
• Festivals:
• The temple is a popular pilgrimage site and is visited by thousands of devotees every year.
• The temple celebrates all major Hindu festivals, including Diwali, Holi, and Janmashtami, with great enthusiasm and devotion.

The correct answer is Nitrogen.

Key Points

• The chemical composition of Vinegar is CH₃COOH.
• The common name is Vinegar.
• It is often used in food.
• Acetic acid is vinegar's chemical name.
• It is also used for the treatment of wounds.
• Involvements of chemical composition in vinegar are Carbon, Hydrogen, and **Oxygen.**​

Additional Information

• Nitrogen is present in all living things, including the human body and plants.
• Nitrogen gas is used in food storage to keep packaged or bulk food fresh.
• It is also used in the making of electronic parts, for industrial purposes and has many other useful applications.

The logic follows here is:-

Total amount given = 3100/-

The denominations in notes are 2/- ; 10/- ; 50/-

Given, number of each denominations are equal = x

∴ 2x + 10x + 50x = 3100

62x = 3100

x = 50 

Two rupee notes = 50 notes → 50 × 2 = 100/-

Ten rupee notes = 50 notes → 50 × 10 = 500/-

Fifty rupee notes = 50 notes → 50 × 50 = 2500/-

Total amount = 100 + 500 + 2500 = 3100/-

Total notes = 50 + 50 + 50 = 150 notes

Thus, the correct answer is "150".

Shortcut Trick

Let MP = 100% i.e 1250 → 100%

∴ 1150 → 1150/1250 × 100 = 92

% Discount = 100 - 92 = 8%

Hence, The discount allowed is 8%.

Alternate Method 

Given:-

MP = Rs.1250

SP = Rs.1150

Formula used:-

Discount% = {(MP - SP) × 100}/MP

Calculation:-

Discount% = {(1250 - 1150) ×100}/1250

⇒ (100 × 100)/1250

⇒ 10000/1250

⇒ 8% 

∴ The discount percentage allowed by the shopkeeper is 8%

Alternate Method

Calculations:

Marked Price = 1250

Let Selling price be x % of MP

∴ 1150 = x × 1250/100

⇒ x = (1150/1250) × 100 = 92

Discount % = 100 - 92 = 8 %.

∴ The discount percentage allowed by the shopkeeper is 8%

The correct answer is Betwa in Uttar Pradesh.

Key Points

• MATATILA HYDEL PROJECT
• It is located in the Lalitpur district of Uttar Pradesh and is on the left bank of the river Betwa.
• The Betwa river rises from Bhopal in the Vindhyan plateau and is entirely a rain-fed river.
• The dam was constructed in the year 1957 for the purpose of irrigation.
• The climate on the dam is extreme in both the seasons i.e. the temperature rises very high in summers, sometimes reaches even 50°C, and is very low during winters.
• The Hydel Project has an installed capacity of 30.6MW with a catchment area of 8000 sq. miles and reservoir capacity of 4000 M. Cu. Ft. full level.

Additional Information

• Other dams on Betwa river are - Rajghat Dam, Parichha Dam, and Dhurwara Dam.
• Dam on TAPI RIVER
• Ukai Dam (Vallabh Sagar)
• Dams on MAHANADI RIVER
• Dudhwa Dam
• Gangrel Dam (Ravishankar Sagar)
• Hirakud Dam
• Sondur Dam
• Dams on KOYNA RIVER
• Koyna Dam

The correct answer is Catalyzes fats into fatty acids and glycerine.

Key Points

• ​Enzymes that hydrolyze fat are known as lipases.
• The pancreas, intestine, gastric juice, adipose tissues, lysosomes, blood, and other organs all secrete them.
• Triglycerides and other dietary fats are hydrolyzed to produce fatty acids and glycerol.
• They are an esterase enzyme subtype that converts ester into acid and alcohol.

Additional Information

• Erepsin is a concoction of enzymes that breaks down peptones into amino acids and is found in the protein portion of digestive fluids.
• The enzyme maltase hydrolyzes the glycosidic link in maltose to produce two molecules of glucose.

Any form of indiscipline calls for strict action but removing a student would be an extreme step only to be taken in case of unforgivable offences.

The statement only mentions misbehaviour. It does not specify the level of misbehaviour.

Therefore, one cannot determine the action that needs to be taken in this scenario.

Therefore, conclusion I does not follow.

The statement does not give any reason for one to think that strict discipline is ineffective on students.

Hence, “neither conclusion I nor conclusion II” follows.

Surface area of a sphere = 4 × π × Radius²

⇒ 5544 = 4 × (22/7) × Radius²

⇒ Radius² = 441

⇒ Radius = 21

Now,

∴ Diameter = 2 × Radius = 2 × 21 = 42 cm

The correct answer is Right to life.

Key Points

• Article 21 is one of the prime articles comprising Part III of the Constitution of India dealing with fundamental rights.
• Article 21 is the protection of life and personal liberty.
• No person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to the procedure established by law.
• It guarantees life and personal liberty to all persons irrespective of caste or gender.
• It guarantees the right of persons to live with human dignity.
• All the aspects of life go to make a person's life meaningful, complete, and worth living.

Additional Information

• Important Articles of Indian constitution

The correct answer is Staphylococci.

Explanation:

• Acne is caused by the bacteria Staphylococci of the genus Mycobacterium.
• Acne is a skin condition that occurs when the follicles of hair become clogged with dead skin cells and oil. It is the cause of pimples, blackheads, and whiteheads.
• Acne is most common in teenagers, but it can affect people of any age.
• Acne's main symptoms are pigmentation and, scars.
• Staphylococci are Gram-positive rod-shaped bacteria found on human skin.
• The bacteria get their energy and nutrients from sebum, which is secreted by sebaceous glands.
• Excess sebum and oil gland secretion clogged skin hair follicles and facilitated excessive growth of Cutibacterium, resulting in the formation of acne on our skin.

Additional Information

• Trypanosoma causes Trypanosomiasis disease (also known as Sleeping Sickness).
• Leishmania causes Leishmaniasis disease (also known as kala-azar).
• Ascaris lumbricoides (commonly called roundworms) cause Ascariasis in humans.

The logic followed here is:

  

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "GPWVTQH".

(72 + 34) ÷ 2 + [{(75 ÷ 15) + 6} × 2]

⇒ 106 ÷ 2 + [{5 + 6} × 2]

⇒ 53 + [11 × 2]

⇒ 53 + 22

⇒ 75

The correct answer is Nimar.

Key Points

Masanya/Kayakhoj Songs

• They are also known as Kayakhoj Song, sung in the Nimar region.
• In Nimar, songs of death are called masanya or Kayakhoj Songs. These songs talk about the mortality of the body and immortality of the spirit
• It is a Song of Death.
• In this, the spirit is considered as the bride while the body is considered as the groom.
• It is prohibited to sing Masanya songs on occasions other than death.
• These songs are sung in a group with accompaniments such as mridang, jhanjh and ektar

Concept:

Natural Resources:

• Resources that are drawn from Nature and used without much modification are called natural resources.
• Natural resources can be broadly categorized into-
• Renewable resources.
• Non-renewable resources.

Explanation:

Non-renewable resources:

• They are those which have limited stock.
• Once the stocks are exhausted it may take thousands of years to be renewed or replenished.
• Fossil fuels including oil, coal, and natural gas, are non-renewable resources that formed when prehistoric plants and animals died and were gradually buried by layers of rock.

Therefore, fossil fuels are a non-renewable source of energy.

 Additional Information

Renewable resources:

• They are those which get renewed or replenished quickly.
• Some of these are unlimited and are not affected by human activities.
• Examples are sunlight, wind, and water.

Logic: The addition of cubes consecutively starting from the cube of 1 is done to obtain the next number.

The series is as follows:

As the obtained number is 352.

Therefore, the correct answer should be "352".

Additional InformationSeveral times the addition of the cube is taken as logic.

Given:

Sides of the triangle = 5 cm, 12 cm, 13 cm

Check if the triangle is a right-angled triangle.

Using the Pythagorean theorem:

5² + 12² = 25 + 144 = 169 = 13²

⇒ The triangle is a right-angled triangle.

Find the area of the original triangle.

Area of a right-angled triangle = 1/2 × base × height

Base = 12 cm, Height = 5 cm

⇒ Area = 1/2 × 12 × 5 = 30 cm²

Find the area of the triangle formed by joining the midpoints.

When the midpoints of the sides of a triangle are joined, the new triangle formed is similar to the original triangle, and its area is 1/4 of the area of the original triangle.

Area of the new triangle = 1/4 × 30 = 7.5 cm²

∴ The area of the triangle formed by joining the midpoints of the three sides is \(7\frac{1}{2}\)cm².

The correct answer is 69.32**%**.

Key Points

• The literacy rate in Madhya Pradesh is 69.32 percent as per the 2011 population census.
• Of that, male literacy stands at 78.73 percent while female literacy is at 59.24 percent.

Additional Information

• The literacy rate in India is 74.04 percent, 82.14 for males, and 65.46 for females.
• For census 2011, a person aged seven and above, who can both read and write with understanding in any language, is treated as literate.

Concept:

Meiosis:

• The production of offspring by sexual reproduction includes the fusion of two gametes, each with a complete haploid set of chromosomes.
• Gametes are formed from specialized diploid cells. This specialized kind of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half results in the production of haploid daughter cells.
• This kind of division is called meiosis.
• Meiosis is divided into 4 phases namely:
• Prophase
• Metaphase
• Anaphase
• Telophase

Explanation:

• Meiosis I has long prophase, which is divided further into five phases.
• These are leptotene, zygotene, pachytene, diplotene and diakinesis.

Zygotene Phase:

• During this stage, chromosomes start pairing together and this process of association is called synapsis.
• Such paired chromosomes are called homologous chromosomes.
• Electron micrographs of this stage indicate that chromosome synapsis is accompanied by the formation of a complex structure called the synaptonemal complex.

Therefore, the zygotene phase of the cell division process of synapsis occurs.

Additional InformationLeptone:

• During the leptotene stage the chromosomes become gradually visible under the light microscope.
• The compaction of chromosomes continues throughout leptotene.

Pachytene:

• During this stage, the four chromatids of each bivalent chromosome become distinct and clearly appear as tetrads.
• This stage is characterized by the sites at which crossing over occurs between non-sister chromatids of the homologous chromosomes.
• Crossing over is the exchange of genetic material between two homologous chromosomes.
• Crossing over is also an enzyme-mediated process and the enzyme involved is called recombinase.
• Crossing over leads to the recombination of genetic material on the two chromosomes.

Diplotene:

• The beginning of diplotene is recognized by the dissolution of the synaptonemal complex.
• The tendency of the recombined homologous chromosomes of the bivalents to separate from each other except at the sites of crossovers.
• These X-shaped structures, are called chiasmata.

Diakinesis:

• This is marked by the terminalization of chiasmata.
• During this phase the chromosomes are fully condensed and the meiotic spindle is assembled to prepare the homologous chromosomes for separation.

In a row of 16 boys, when Prakash was shifted by two places towards the left, he became 7 from the left end.

The earlier position of Prakash from the right end of the row = 16 - (7 + 2) + 1

= 16 - 9 + 1

= 8

Hence, ‘8^th’ is the correct answer.

Given:

An average of 18 numbers = 50

Average of remaining 17 numbers = 43

Formula Used:

The sum of numbers can be found using the formula

Sum = Average × Number of elements.

Calculation:

The total sum of the original 18 numbers:

⇒ Sum = 50 × 18

⇒ Sum = 900

Sum of the remaining 17 numbers after one number is removed:

⇒ Sum = 43 × 17 = 731

⇒ Removed number = 900 - 731

⇒ Removed number = 169

Therefore, the dropped number is 169.

The main food of Vedic Aryans was Barley, Milk, Dairy Products, Vegetables, and Fruits.

Key Points 

• The Rigvedic Aryans consumed both vegetarian and non-vegetarian food.
• Different types of dishes were made from grains and milk.
• Barley was very important in food.
• Apoops were made by mixing ground grains with milk and ghee.
• Roasted grains were grinded and consumed by making sattu.
• Oatmeal (karambh) was also eaten by the people.
• Karambh was the favorite food of the Pushan god.
• Kheer (Sreerpakam odanam) was prepared by cooking grains in milk.
• Curd, ghee, and butter made from milk were used on a large scale.
• These people used fruits and vegetables.
• Samish food was mainly cooked on the occasion of celebrations or family gatherings.
• On the arrival of the guest, the meat of a fat calf was cooked, from which the guest was also called Godhan.
• But gradually this practice was condemned and the cow was not killed.

Hence, we can conclude that the main food of Vedic Aryans was Barley, Milk, Dairy Products, Vegetables, and Fruits.

The correct answer is By the reaction of chlorine with dry calcium hydroxide. 

Explanation:

Bleaching powder:

• The chlorine produced on passing electricity through brine solution undergoes a reaction with dry slaked lime [Ca (OH)₂] to produce Bleaching powder.
• The reaction is as follows: Ca(OH)₂ + Cl₂ → CaOCl₂ + H₂Owhere, 
• Ca(OH)2 is calcium hydroxide or dry-slaked lime.
• Cl2 is chlorine gas
• CaOCl2 is a bleaching powder or calcioxychlorate. ​

Additional Information

• Bleaching powder is used for several purposes:
• As a bleaching agent for bleaching cotton and linen in the textile industry,
• To bleach wood pulp in the paper manufacturing industry.
• To bleach washed clothes in the laundry.
• As an oxidizing agent in many chemical industries.
• To disinfect drinking water and make it germ-free.

The notice in the newspaper is inviting tenders from contractors for the building of the said bridge.

• Thus, it is clear that the municipality is planning to build a bridge. So, conclusion I follows.
• The invitation for tenders implies that the municipality is looking for a contractor who would be interested in building the bridge, it does not mean that the municipality wants to know how many people are interested. Thus, conclusion II does not follow.

Hence the correct answer is option 1.

Given:

Candidate scoring 20% in examination fails by = 50 marks

Candidate scoring 80% marks in examination = 34 marks more than minimum passing marks

Formula used:

We assume the total marks of the examination to be x, then proceed.

Calculation:

Let the total marks of the examination be x.

Candidate scoring 20% marks gets,

= 20% of x

= (20 / 100) × x

= x / 5.

Minimum passing marks of the examination = (x / 5) + 50

Candidate scoring 80% marks gets,

= 80% of x

= (80 / 100) × x

= 4x / 5.

This is 34 marks more than minimum passing marks thus,

\(\dfrac{x}{5} + 50 + 34 = \dfrac{4x}{5}\)

\(84 = \dfrac{3x}{5}\)

x = 84 × 5 / 3

x = 28 × 5

x = 140.

Minimum passing marks of the examination

= (x / 5) + 50

= (140 / 5) + 50

= 78.

∴ The minimum passing marks of the examination is 78.

The correct answer is Naura Dehi.

• Naura Dehi is the largest wildlife sanctuary of Madhya Pradesh (area wise).
• The area under this wildlife sanctuary is 1194.672 sq. Km.

Key Points

• Naura Dehi primarily located in the Sagar district, however, it extends to the districts of Damoh, Raisen, and Narsinghpur.
• Bamner river drains in this sanctuary.
• Cheloa lake and the crocodile point are located in this sanctuary.

Additional Information

• Sailana is in Ratlam district of Madhya Pradesh.
• It was established in 1983.
• It is known to house kharmore birds primarily.
• Ralamandal is the smallest wildlife sanctuary of Madhya Pradesh.

The correct answer is Amplitude.

• Loudness means how loud or soft a sound seems to a listener.

Key Points

• Loudness is related to amplitude and intensity is one of the most salient qualities of a sound which is a measure of the amount of energy in sound waves.
• The unit of intensity is the decibel (dB).

Additional Information

• Speed- The speed of sound is the distance traveled per unit of time by a sound wave when it propagates through an elastic medium.
• Wavelength- The wavelength of a sound is the distance between adjacent identical parts of a wave.
• Frequency- The number of vibrations counted per second is called frequency. The unit of frequency is called hertz (Hz).

The correct answer is Option 4: Call an ambulance and request the interviewer to reschedule the process.

 

• Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Effective intelligence and speed of decision).

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

Given:

The A, B, and C together can complete the work = 6 days

The A alone can complete the work = 12 days

The B alone can complete the work = 18 days

Formula used:

W = E × T     Where, W = Work, E = Efficiency, and T = Time

Calculation:

Let the B can complete the work in B days

The one day work of A, B, and C together = \({1\over 6}\)

The one day work of A = \({1\over 12}\)

The one day work of B = \({1\over B}\)

The one day work of C = \({1\over 18}\)

According to the question

⇒ \({1\over 12}\ +\ {1\over B}\ +\ {1\over 18}\ =\ {1\over 6}\)

⇒ \({1\over B}\ +\ {(3\ +\ 2)\over 36}\ =\ {1\over 6}\)

⇒ \({1\over B}\ +\ {5\over 36}\ =\ {1\over 6}\)

⇒ \({1\over B}\ =\ {1\over 6}\ -\ {5\over 36}\)

⇒ \({1\over B}\ =\ {6\ -\ 5\over 36}\ =\ {1\over 36}\)

The B alone can complete the work = 36 days

∴ The required result will be 36 days.

The correct answer is Currency transaction tax.

• Spahn tax is a type of currency transaction tax.
• It is mainly used for controlling exchange-rate volatility.
• Paul Bernd Spahn is considered as the brain behind the Spahn tax.
• Paul Bernd proposed the idea of the Spahn tax in 1995.
• The initial idea for a currency transaction tax was given by James Tobin in the year 1972.
• As the name says the tax concept by James Tobin is known as Tobin tax.

The correct answer is Ethylene.

Key Points

• Ethylene is known as the natural fruit-ripening hormone.
• Ripening is the process by which fruits attain their desirable flavour, quality, colour, palatable nature.
• Ripening is associated with a change in composition i.e. conversion of starch to sugar.
• During ripening enzymatic breakdown and hydrolysis (reaction with water) of polysaccharides like starch takes place.
• Starch breaks down into smaller molecules like fructose, glucose, sucrose etc.

Additional Information 

• Zeatin promotes the growth of lateral buds and when sprayed on meristems stimulates cell division to produce bushier plants.
• Auxin regulates growth, particularly by stimulating cell elongation in stems.
• Gibberellic acid (GA) is a plant hormone that stimulates plant growth and development.

Important Points

• For the artificially ripening of the fruits, Calcium Carbide (CaC2) is used.
• In artificial ripening, unlike natural ripening, a ripening agent is used to promote the ripening of fruits and to induce a colour change.
• Unsaturated hydrocarbons such as acetylene, ethylene etc. can promote ripening and induce colour changes.
• When Calcium Carbide reacts with water, it produces acetylene gas and quickens the ripening process.
• Reaction- CaC2 + 2H2O → C2H2 + Ca (OH)2

Given: Seven people, A, B, C, D, E, F and G are sitting in a straight row, facing north.

1. D sits to the extreme right.

2) A sits third to the left of D.

3. Only two people sit between A and F.

4. B is an immediate neighbour of F.

5. Only one person sits between C and D.

6. G is not an immediate neighbour of A.

And, E will sit on the remaining place.

Here, "E" sits between B and A.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

Shortcut Trick

Ratio of Manisha's age (6 years ago : 10 years after) = 1 : 5

Total time gap = 6 + 10 = 16 years

Difference in ratio parts = 5 − 1 = 4 units

4 units = 16 years ⇒ 1 unit = 4 years

Present age = (Age 6 years ago) + 6 = (1 × 4) + 6 = 10 years

∴ The correct answer is 10 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Age after 10 years = 5 × (Age 6 years ago)

Formula Used:

Age (Future) = Present Age + Time | Age (Past) = Present Age − Time

 6 years ago (x − 6) Present x 10 years hence (x + 10)  Gap = 16 years

Let the present age of Manisha be x years.

⇒ Age 6 years ago = (x − 6) years

⇒ Age 10 years later = (x + 10) years

⇒ According to the question: (x + 10) = 5 × (x − 6)

⇒ x + 10 = 5x − 30

⇒ 5x − x = 30 + 10

⇒ 4x = 40

⇒ x = 40/4

⇒ x = 10 years

∴ The correct answer is 10 years.

Additional Information

Constant Age Difference

The difference between the ages of two people remains constant throughout their lives, regardless of the years passed.

Ratio Balancing

If ratios for different years are given, equate the difference between ratio parts to the actual time gap in years.

Linear Equations in Ages

Always define the variable as the 'Present Age' to simplify the transition between past and future calculations.

The correct answer is 600.

• Under this Mukhyamantri Kanya Abhibhavak Pension Yojana 2021 run by the state government, the parent or couple whose children are only daughters will be given Rs 600 as monthly allowance by the state government.
• Couples can use the financial assistance given by this government scheme for their daily needs.
• The main objective of Mukhyamantri Kanya Abhibhavak Pension Scheme 2021 is to fix the deteriorating financial condition of the parents of daughters in the state.
• According to the latest survey conducted recently by the state government, the financial condition of the couple deteriorates after the marriage of their daughters.

Additional Information

• Chief Minister's Girl Guardian Pension Scheme Essential Qualification, Eligibility are:
• The applicant should be a permanent resident of Madhya Pradesh.
• The age of one of the applicant guardians should be 60 years or more.
• The candidate belongs to the Below the poverty line (BPL) category.
• Applicants should be financially weak.
• The children of the parents should be daughters.

Important Points

• Chief Minister Girl Guardian Pension Scheme Important Required Documents are:
• One passport size photo.
• Birth/Age Certificate of the Applicant.
• Aadhar Card.
• Pan Card income certificate domicile certificate.

The correct answer is Soap.

The compound obtained by heating a caustic soda solution with linseed oil can be used as a Soap.

Key Points

• Soaps are Sodium or Potassium salts of fatty acids.
• They are made from fats or oils.
• The process of making soaps is known as Saponification.
• Formula- Soap contains a negatively charged ion of fatty acid (looks like C₁₇H₃₅COO-) and the positively charged ion of either Sodium (Na+) or Potassium (K+).
• The fatty acid ion is known as the tail of the soap molecule and sodium or potassium ion is known as the head of the soap molecule
• So the formula becomes C₁₇H₃₅COONa ( fatty acid in the composition can change)
• These are also known as stearates of sodium or potassium.
• They fall into the category of salts.

Additional Information

• Hard soaps are made using Sodium hydroxides.
• They are manufactured by the hot process of saponification.
• In the hot process, hot oils and lye are combined to initiate saponification.
• Soft soaps are made using Potassium hydroxide.
• They are manufactured by the cold process of saponification.

The correct answer is Option 4: Click a picture of him and the number plate and send it to the traffic police.

 

Qualities Projected in this situation:  (Initiative, sense of responsibility, and speed of decision).

Key Points

• Checklist for attempting SRT questions:

1. Read the question and options carefully.
2. Look for options that are realistic, optimistic, and reflect officer-like qualities.
3. Do not skip any situation.
4. Relegate the negative sentences and choose the most logical option among the remaining. As time is an important factor, hence your thinking ability should be swift.
5. React quickly and be logical.

Additional Information

Officer qualities:

Given:

Time taken by tap to fill the tank normally = 9 hours

Time taken by tap to fill the tank with leak = 9 + 1 = 10 hours

Calculation:

The cistern can be filled in 9 hours

⇒ Part filled in 1 hour = 1/9

With a leak, cistern can get filled in 10 hours

⇒ Part filled in 1 hour = 1/10

Net part emptied in 1 hour = 1/9 – 1/10

⇒ (10 – 9)/90

⇒  1/90.

So, time taken by leak to empty the tank = 1/(1/90)

⇒ 90 hours.

∴ The cistern can be fully emptied by leak in 90 hours.

Alternate Solution:

Time taken by the leak to empty a full cistern = 90/(10 - 9)

∴ 90 hours

The correct answer is Chaitra.

• Chaitra is the first month of the Hindi Year Calendar.
• The national calendar based on the Saka Era, with Chaitra as its first month and a normal year of 365 days was adopted from 22 March 1957 along with the Gregorian calendar.

Key Points

The Hindi Year Calendar is as follow:

 

Additional Information

• The first of Chaitra – is celebrated as New Year's Day, known as Gudi Padwa in Maharashtra, Chaitrai Vishu, and Ugadi in Karnataka and Andhra Pradesh.
• Chaitra begins with the new moon in March/April and is the first month of the year.

The correct answer is the Formation of blood cells.

Key Points

Concept-

• Bone marrow refers to the tissue located in the hollow interior of long bones.
• It is composed of adipose tissue, areolar tissue, and blood cells.
• Bone marrow is mainly of two types – red and yellow.
• Red marrow is where red blood cells, platelets, and most white blood cells are formed
• Yellow marrow gives rise to some white blood cells.

Explanation:

• The main function of the Red bone marrow is the formation of blood cells like RBC, WBC & Platelets

Functions of the blood cells - 

• The oxygen is carried to the body cells by the RBCs while the WBC provides an immune response to the body and fight against infections.
• The platelets help in the coagulation of blood thus preventing the excess loss of blood from the body
• It is clear from the above-mentioned points that the Red bone marrow is of prime importance to the body

Important Points

• During emergency situations where the body faces rapid blood loss, the Yellow bone marrow transforms into the Red bone marrow. It forms the blood cells required to keep us alive.

Additional Information

• Yellow bone marrow is yellow due to the predominance of adipocytes. It replaces red bone marrow with age. It is composed of white fats and its major function is fat storage.

The pattern followed is,

Option (1): DANCE : DBPFI

Option (2): GUIDE : GVKGI

Option (3): IMAGE : INCJH

Option (4): BREAD : BSGDH

All follow the same pattern, except ‘IMAGE : INCJH’.

Hence, “IMAGE : INCJH” is the odd one.

Given:

Rs. 12,000 becomes Rs. 12,600 in a year's time

Formula used:

A = P + SI

SI = \(\frac{P×\ R×\ T }{100}\)

A= Amount

SI= Simple interest

P= Principal

R= Rate of Interest

T= Time

Calculation:

let R be the rate of interest

A = P + SI

12600 = 12000 + \(\frac{12000\ ×\ R\ ×\ 1}{100}\)

600 = 120R

R = 5%

Amount of the principal at a 5% rate per annum at the end of 7 years

P= 18000

A = 18000 + \(\frac{18000\ ×\ 5\ ×\ 7}{100}\)

A = 18000 + 6300

A = Rs. 24300

∴ The answer is Rs. 24300

The Correct Answer is 25 May.

In News

• World Thyroid Day: 25 May.

Key Points

• World Thyroid Day is celebrated every year on 25^th May.
• It was decided during the Thyroid Federation International meeting in September 2007.
• The first World Thyroid Day was celebrated in 2008.
• The theme for this year is “Thyroid Disease and Artificial Intelligence”.
• The European Thyroid Association also started European Thyroid Day on 25^th May 2008.

Concept:

Vaccine:

• A substance used to stimulate the body's immune response to diseases.
• Vaccines are typically administered through needle injections, but some can also be administered orally or through the nose.
• Vaccination is the process of administering a vaccine into the body in order to provide protection against a specific disease.

Explanation:

Polio vaccine:

• In the early 1950s, American physician Jonas Edward Salk developed the first polio vaccine.
• Known as inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) or Salk vaccine.
• This vaccine contains a dead virus and is administered via injection.

Thus, Jonas Edward Salk developed the Polio vaccine.

Important PointsAbout Polio:

• Polio is nothing but the term or synonym of the disease Poliomyelitis.
• It is a viral disease that mainly affects young children.
• The virus is transmitted by person-to-person i.e. it is a communicable disease.
• It is transmitted through the faecal-oral route and by contaminated water or food.
• Initial symptoms of polio include fever, fatigue, headache, vomiting, stiffness in the neck, and pain in the limbs.
• In a small proportion of cases, the disease causes paralysis, which is often permanent.
• There is no cure for polio, it can only be prevented by immunization.

Polio Immunization:

• India was the first country in the world to introduce fractional-dose inactivated poliovirus vaccine into its immunization programme.
• India rolled out the Pulse Polio Immunization Programme on 2 October 1995.
• Within two decades, India received ‘Polio-free certification’ from World Health Organization on 27 March 2014.
• The last polio case being reported in Howrah in West Bengal on 13 January 2011.
• A live attenuated (weakened) oral polio vaccine (OPV) was developed by Dr Albert Sabin and first used in 1961.
• An inactivated (killed) polio vaccine (IPV) was developed by Dr Jonas Salk and first used in 1955.

Additional InformationMarie Curie:

• Polish-born French physicist, famous for her work on radioactivity and twice a winner of the Nobel Prize.
• She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.
• She is the only woman to win the award in two different fields.
• 1903 Nobel Prize for Physics, 1911 Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

Louis Pasteur:

• French chemist and microbiologist who was one of the most important founders of medical microbiology.
• Discovered that microorganisms cause fermentation and disease.
• Originated the process of pasteurization; saved the beer, wine, and silk industries in France.
• Developed vaccines against anthrax and rabies.

Alfred B. Nobel:

• Swedish chemist, engineer, and industrialist.
• Invented dynamite in 1867 and other explosives.
• He also founded the Nobel Prizes.

Argument 1 is strong as pizza and burger are unhealthy foods in this modern world and it should be replaced by healthy foods like vegetables and grains.

Argument 2 is not strong as the change in food habits is necessary and will definitely be beneficial in future.

Hence, only argument 1 is strong.

Given:

The price of a premium quality Tea is Rs. 240 per kg.

It increases by 25%

Concept used:

Price is inversely proportional to Consumption.

Calculation:

Price increases = 25%

⇒ 25/100 = ¼

                            Old             New

Price                     4                 5

Consumption        5                 4

⇒ consumption decrease = 5 – 4 = 1 unit

In percentage = (1/5)× 100

⇒ 20%

∴ 20% consumption should be reduced.

The correct answer is 2005.

• The Madhya Pradesh Rajkoshiya Uttardayitva Evam Budget Prabandhan Adhiniyam was passed in 2005.

Important Points

• It is an Act to provide for the responsibility of the State Government to ensure prudence in fiscal management and fiscal stability by progressive elimination of revenue deficit, reduction in the fiscal deficit, prudent debt management consistent with fiscal sustainability, greater transparency in fiscal operations of the Government and conduct of fiscal policy in a medium-term framework and for matters connected therewith or incidental thereto.

The correct answer is Duck-billed-platypus.

Key Points

• The mammal that lays eggs is Duck-billed-platypus.
• They are small and shy animals.
• They have a flattened head and body to help them glide through the water.
• Males are also venomous.
• They are bottom feeders i.e. feed on  insects and larvae, shellfish, and worms
• They can survive up to 20 years or more in captivity and up to 12 years in the wild.
• They are believed to be the earliest relatives of modern mammals.

Important Points ​

• The egg-laying mammals are called monotremes.
• There are only five living monotreme species:-
• The duck-billed platypus and four species of echidna (also known as spiny anteaters).
• They are all found only in Australia and New Guinea.

Additional Information

• Opossums are mammals. They do not lay eggs.
• They give birth to their offspring.
• They are generally found in North America.
• Opossums are scavengers, and they often visit human homes or settlements to raid garbage cans, dumpsters, and other containers.
• Opossums also eat grass, nuts, and fruit.
• They will hunt mice, birds, insects, worms, snakes, and even chickens.
• When threatened they extend their tongues and appear to be dead. This is the origin of the phrase "playing possum" which means to appear dead.
• Kangaroos are mammals. They do not lay eggs.
• They are characterised by powerful hind legs, a long strong tail, and small front legs.
• Kangaroos can leap some 30 feet (9 meters) in a single jump because of their large feet.
• They are generally located in Eastern Australia.
• ​Female kangaroos sport a pouch on their belly, made by a fold in the skin, to cradle baby kangaroos called "joeys".
• Otters are carnivorous mammals that give birth to their offspring.
• They are found on every continent except Australia and Antarctica.
• They are small, with short ears and noses, elongated bodies, long tails, and soft, dense fur.
• Baby otters are called pups or kittens.

We substitute the values in the given equation and solve it using BODMAS rule:

⇒ 128 C 7 B 21 A 64 D 2 = ?

⇒ 128 - 7 × 21 + 64 ÷ 2 = ?

⇒ 128 - 7 × 21 + 32 = ?

⇒ 128 - 147 + 32 = ?

⇒ 160 - 147 = ?

⇒ 13 = Answer

Hence, the correct answer is "option (2)".

Shortcut Trick

Downstream speed = 7.5 + 2.5 = 10 km/h; Upstream speed = 7.5 − 2.5 = 5 km/h.

Ratio of Speeds (Downstream : Upstream) = 10 : 5 = 2 :

1. Since distance is constant, Time ratio = 1 : 2.

Difference in time units = 2 − 1 = 1 unit → 3 hours.

Distance = Speed × Time = 10 km/h × (1 × 3 h) = 30 km.

∴ The correct answer is 30 km.

Alternate Method

Given:

Speed of boat in still water (u) = 7.5 km/h

Speed of current (v) = 2.5 km/h

Time difference (ΔT) = 3 hours

Formula Used:

Distance (D) = [(S₁ × S₂) ÷ (S₁ − S₂)] × ΔT

Where S₁ is downstream speed and S₂ is upstream speed.

⇒ Downstream speed (S₁) = u + v = 7.5 + 2.5 = 10 km/h

⇒ Upstream speed (S₂) = u − v = 7.5 − 2.5 = 5 km/h

⇒ According to the question, D/5 − D/10 = 3

⇒ (2D − D) ÷ 10 = 3

⇒ D ÷ 10 = 3

⇒ D = 30 km

∴ The correct answer is 30 km.

Additional Information

Downstream and Upstream Speed

When a boat moves with the flow of the river, the speed is u + v (Downstream). Against the flow, it is u − v (Upstream).

Distance when Time Difference is Given

Distance D = (Product of Speeds ÷ Difference of Speeds) × Difference in Time.

Boat and Stream Formulas

Speed of boat in still water = (Downstream + Upstream) ÷ 2. Speed of stream = (Downstream − Upstream) ÷ 2.

The correct answer is Jamnagar.

Key Points

• National Centre for Marine Biodiversity is located in Jamnagar, Gujarat.
• Objective
• safeguarding the biodiversity of the coastal areas.
• Jamnagar is close to India’s only Marine National Park in the Gulf of Kutch.
• This project is part of a Public-Private Partnership with the Reliance industry.
• The center is a part of an Integrated Coastal Zone Management Project launched recently by the Ministry with World Bank assistance through the Society for Integrated Coastal Management, to be managed in the State by the Gujarat Ecology Commission.
• The national center for marine biodiversity has the goal for Protection of the Marine biodiversity which is located around the coast of India so that the coast could have better marine biodiversity.

Additional Information

• National Parks in Gujarat
• Gir
• Blackbuck National Park
• Marine National Park

The correct answer is Progesterone.

Key Points

Concept:

• Menstrual cycle: The rhythmic series of changes that occur in the reproductive organs of female primates (monkeys, apes, and human beings) is called the menstrual cycle.
• It is repeated after every 28/29 days.
• The menstrual cycle has four phases:

1. Menstrual phase
2. Follicular phase
3. Ovulatory phase
4. Luteal phase

Explanation:

• During the ovulatory phase, at about the 14^th day of the cycle, there is a rupture of the graffian follicle and the ovum gets released.
• The ruptured Graffian follicle soon gets transformed into the Corpus luteum.
• The Corpus luteum gets stimulated by the rising levels of LH and starts secreting the Progesterone hormone.
• Progesterone hormone is required for the maintenance of the endometrium lining of the uterus.
• In case if pregnancy does not occur after ovulation the levels of progesterone start to fall down and this leads to the disintegration of the endometrium lining causing menstruation.
• Thus, **lowering of progesterone hormone causes menstruation, as it is required for the maintenance of the endometrium lining, and for this reason, only progesterone is also called the pregnancy hormone.**​

Additional Information

• Thyroxine: It is an endocrine secretion of the thyroid gland. The thyroid gland requires 120 microgram Iodine per day for the production of thyroxine It regulates the basal metabolic rate of the body.
• Estrogen, or Oestrogen: It is a sex hormone responsible for the development and regulation of the female reproductive system and secondary sex characteristics.
• Follicle-stimulating hormone: It is one of the hormones essential to pubertal development and the function of women's ovaries and men's testes. In women, this hormone stimulates the growth of ovarian follicles in the ovary before the release of an egg from one follicle at ovulation

According to the English alphabet series and its positional value:

The logic follows here is: 

(Sum of Positional Values of Letters of the Word) ÷ 4 = Code

In FILM : 10 →

F = 6, I = 9, L = 12 , M = 13

(6 + 9 + 12 + 13) ÷ 4 = 40 ÷ 4 = 10

Similarly;

In HOTE : ? →

H = 8, O = 15, T = 20, E = 5

(8 + 15 + 20 + 5) ÷ 4 = 48 ÷ 4 = 12

Hence, the correct answer is "12".

Formula for Profit = Cost Price × Profit %

Profit = 495 × 40% = 495 × (40/100) = 1980/10 = Rs. 198

∴ Profit = Rs. 198

The correct answer is 3^rd

Key Points

• The third war was fought between Tipu Sultan and the British East Indian Company began in 1789 and ended in Tipu’s defeat in 1792.
• In this war, Marathas and Nizam aided the British, and Cornwallis captured Bangalore.
• The war ended with the signing of the Treaty of Seringapatnam between the Tipu Sultan and Lord Cornwallis.
• In this treaty, Tipu ceded half of his territories and two of his sons as a hostage of war.
• In Fourth War in 1799, the British army led by Lord Wellesley attacked and defeated Tipu Sultan in a fierce war.
• Tipu Sultan signed the Treaty of Mangalore in March 1784 which ended the second Anglo-Mysore war.

The correct answer is Baking bread

Key Points

• Bacteria are microscopic, single-celled organisms that thrive in diverse environments. Bacteria was discovered by AV Leeuwenhoek. Bacteria are organisms that exist in their millions, in every environment, both inside and outside other organisms. 
• Bacteria are found almost everywhere on Earth and are vital to the planet's ecosystems.
• Some bacteria are harmful but must serve a useful purpose. They support many forms of life, both plant, and animal, and they are used in industrial and medicinal processes.
• Bacteria can use most organic and some inorganic compounds as food and some can survive extreme conditions.

Additional Information

• Some Uses of Bacteria:
• Bacteria are used in the manufacture of foods and the production of antibiotics, probiotics, drugs, vaccines, etc.
• Bacteria are used in the formation of curd.
• lactic acid bacteria such as Lactobacillus, Lactococcus, and Streptococcus are used in the manufacture of dairy products.
• Bacteria convert milk into useful dairy products, such as buttermilk, yoghurt, and cheese.
• Bacteria are used in the fermentation of Sugarcane juice.
• Coliform bacteria are used to measure the level of contamination of a water body.
• Bacteria are present in the nodules of the legumes where the process of nitrogen fixation is done by the bacteria and the NH3 produced is absorbed by the plant. Rhizobium bacterium is responsible for nitrogen fixation.

Mistake Points

• Baking soda and baking powder help in baking bread.
• The microbe responsible for baking bread is a fungus named Saccharomyces cerevisiae for this reason it is also called baker's yeast.
• Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that bacteria are not used in the baking of bread.

Given: 56 : 7 :: 248 : ?

The logic followed here is: 

56 : 7 → 56 ÷ 8 = 7

Similarly,

248 : ? → 248 ÷ 8 = 31

Hence, 31 is the correct answer.

Given:

(Man's age + 15 years) = 4(Man's age - 15 years)

Calculation:

Let the present age of the man be x years

According to the question,

⇒ (x + 15) = 4(x - 15)

⇒ x + 15 = 4x - 60

⇒ 4x - x = 15 + 60

⇒ 3x = 75

⇒ x = 25

∴ The present age of man is 25 years.

The correct answer is Kirsty Coventry.

In News

• Kirsty Coventry became the first woman and first African to lead the IOC, securing the top position after replacing Thomas Bach.

Key Points

• Coventry won the IOC presidency with 49 votes out of 97 in the first round, defeating Juan Antonio Samaranch Jr. and Sebastian Coe.
• As a seven-time Olympic medallist, she aims to focus on athlete rights, gender equality, and sustainability in the Games.
• Coventry’s election marks a new era for the IOC, with expectations of a fresh perspective on pressing issues in global sports.
• Her role as Zimbabwe's Minister of Youth, Sport, Arts, and Recreation raises complex political questions amidst her sporting achievements.

Additional Information

• Thomas Bach
• The previous president of the International Olympic Committee, who was replaced by Kirsty Coventry.
• Sebastian Coe
• The British Olympian and sports administrator, who was considered a front-runner in the IOC election but finished third.
• Olympic Games
• The premier international multi-sport event that Kirsty Coventry will now lead as the first female and first African president.
• Robert Mugabe
• The former president of Zimbabwe, who awarded Coventry $100,000 for her success at the Beijing Olympics in 2008$.

→ 65 : 82

→ (8² + 1) : (9² + 1) → (64 + 1) : (81 + 1)

→ 65 : 82

Same pattern will be followed to answer the question:

→ 145 : ?

→ (12² +1) : (13² + 1) → (144 + 1) : (169 + 1)

→ 145 : 170

Hence, answer is 170.

Given:

P's income is 40% above Q's

Calculation:

According to the question,

P : Q

140 : 100

7 : 5

Required = \(\dfrac{7-5}{7} \times100\)

⇒ \(\dfrac{2}{7} \times100\)

⇒ 28\(\frac{4}{7}\)%

The correct answer is 1951.

• 9^th schedule along with Article 31B was added in 1951 through the first amendment in the Indian Constitution.

Key Points

• It was introduced to protect land Reform laws. It has about 284 laws.
• These laws were introduced to abolish the zamindari system and introduce the agrarian system into India.
• This schedule contains state and Central law which cannot be challenged in court.

Key Points

• The first amendment added 13 laws to the schedule and later on, several laws were added from a time period of 1955 to 1991 making the total to 284.
• The most controversial part of this law was the Tamil Nadu law which guarantees 69% reservation in the state.

Pattern followed is:

Hence 63 is answer.

Given:

Average income of P and Q = Rs 5050

Average income of Q and R = Rs 6250

Average income of P and R = Rs 5200

Calculation:

P + Q monthly income = Rs 5050 × 2 = Rs 10100 →(1)

Q + R monthly income = Rs 6250 × 2 = Rs 12500 →(2)

P + R monthly income = Rs 5200 × 2 = Rs 10400 →(3)

Adding equation 1, 2 and 3, we get

2(P + Q + R) = Rs 33000

⇒ (P + Q + R) = Rs 16500

P's monthly income = (P + Q + R) - (Q + R)

⇒ 16500 - 12500 = Rs 4000

∴ The correct answer is Rs 4000.

The correct answer is Jaisalmer.

Jaisalmer is the driest place in India.

Key Points

• Jaisalmer, Rajasthan:
• It is located in the Thar desert.
• The average temperature reaches 49ºC in summer and 5ºC in winter.
• Due to the high temperature, the average rainfall is 210 mm which makes Jaisalmer the driest place in India.
• Jaisalmer is the largest district of Rajasthan.
• Desert National Park is located in Jaisalmer
• Minerals like gypsum, bentonite, and dolomite clay are found here.

Additional Information

• Raichur is a district located in Karnataka.
• It is famous for the Raichur fort.
• Anantapur district of Andhra Pradesh is famous for its gold resources.
• Gulbarga district of Karnataka is famous for toor dal Pigeon pea.
• ​It is one of the largest producers of toor dal in India.

Given:

Given time in the clock is 9 o'clock and 3 o'clock.

Concept used:

The hour needle of a clock completes 360° in 12 hours.

Calculation:

Rotation of hour needle in 1 hour = 360/12

⇒ Rotation of hour needle in 1 hour = 30° 

Time between 9 o'clock and 3 o'clock = 6 hours

Rotation of needle in 6 hours = 30 × 6

⇒ 180° 

∴ The hour needle will rotate 180°

Shortcut Trick

Mode is the observation that occurs most frequently in a data set.

Given marks: 43, 44, 65, 41, 53, 65, 62.

By inspection, the number 65 appears 2 times, while all other numbers appear only 1 time.

Since 65 has the highest frequency, it is the mode.

∴ The correct answer is 65.

Alternate Method

Given: Marks obtained by 7 students = 43, 44, 65, 41, 53, 65, 62

Formula: Mode = Value with the maximum frequency.

⇒ Arrange the data in ascending order: 41, 43, 44, 53, 62, 65

The correct answer is 1 only.

Key Points

Pashmina Shawls

• It is a fine variant of shawls spun from cashmere wools.
• Cashmere wool itself is obtained from the Changthangi goat (Capra aegagrushircus) native to the high plateau of Ladakh. Hence Pair 1 is correctly matched.
• Known for its soft features, the Pashmina Shawls himself had been a status symbol not just for the wealthy in India but even across the world.
• Pashmina shawls gained much prominence in the days of the Mughal Empire as objects of rank and nobility.
• Through the enthusiastic use by Empress Joséphine – the wife of Napoleon Bonaparte – the pashmina shawl gained status as a fashion icon.
• Traditional producers of pashmina wool are people known as the Changpa.

Patola Sarees

• Patola is a double ikat woven sari, usually made from silk, made in Patan, Gujarat, India. Hence Pair 2 is not correctly matched.
• Patola-weaving is a closely guarded family tradition.
• It takes six months to one year to make one sari due to the long process of dying each strand separately before weaving them together.
• Patola is usually woven in Surat, Ahmedabad and Patan. But velvet patola styles are majorly made in Surat.
• It has received a Geographical Indication (GI) tag in 2013.
• Patola sarees are highly valued in Indonesia and became part of the local weaving tradition there.

Pochampally Sarees

• Pochampalli Ikat is a saree made in Bhoodan Pochampally in the Nalgonda district of Telangana. Hence Pair 3 is not correctly matched.
• The uniqueness of Pochampally sarees lies in the transfer of intricate design and colouring onto warp and weft threads first and then weaving them together globally known as double ikat textiles.
• They have traditional geometric patterns in the Ikat style of dyeing.
• The intricate geometric designs find their way into sarees and dress materials.
• The Indian government’s official air carrier, Air India, has its cabin crew wear specially designed pochampally silk sarees.

Persons: A, B, C, D, E, and F.

1. E and F are in the center.
2. A and B are at the ends.
3. C is sitting to the immediate left of A.

Hence, the immediate right of B is D.