ESIC SSO Prelims Memory Based Paper (11th June 2022) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'decision'.

Key Points

• Resolution- the quality of being firm and determined.
• Decision- a choice or judgement that you make after thinking about various possibilities.
• Hence, the most appropriate synonym is 'decision'.
• Hesitation- the act of pausing before doing something, especially because you are nervous or not certain.
• Indecision- the state of being unable to decide.
• Unwillingness- the quality or state of being unwilling to do something; reluctance.
• Reluctance- an unwillingness to do something.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is 'happiness'.

Key Points

• Distress- the state of being very upset or of suffering great pain or difficulty.

• Happiness- Happiness is an emotional state characterized by feelings of joy, satisfaction, contentment, and fulfillment.

• Happiness is the most appropriate antonym of distress.

• Anguish, Agony, Discomfort, Torment, are all synonyms of the word 'distress'.

• Hence, the correct answer is option 5.

The correct answer is 'of'.

Key Points

• The only correct preposition that will fit is 'of' - A resolution was passed affirming the right of university students and other citizens “to express peacefully by public assembly and procession their opinions on matters of public policy and their right thereby to seek public support for opinions thus expressed.”
• A resolution was passed affirming the right for university students and.... (incorrect). As it is not conveying any proper meaning.
• A resolution was passed affirming the right to university students and.... (incorrect). Will be incorrect as we always use 'right to' to give reason.
• A resolution was passed affirming the right on university students and... (incorrect). As it is not conveying any proper meaning.
• A resolution was passed affirming the right in university students and... (incorrect). The sentence makes no sense.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is '6000'.

Key Points

• It is mentioned in the third last sentence, "It was estimated that about 6,000 students were present at the general assembly."
• Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is 'Witwatersrand'.

Key Points

• It is mentioned, "A barricade of motor vehicles, including a minibus carrying a banner “students representative council” was placed across the main entrance to the white University of the Witwatersrand."
• Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is 'Disparity.'

Key Points

• The word 'Equality' means The state of being equal, especially in status, rights, or opportunities.
• Example: He acknowledged universal equality of human rights.
• Let's look at the meaning of the given options:-
• Impartiality - Equal treatment of all rivals or disputants; fairness.
• Example: Impartiality is essential to a judge.
• Parity - The state or condition of being equal.
• Example: Women have yet to achieve wage or occupational parity in many fields.
• Fairness - Impartial and just treatment or behavior without favoritism or discrimination.
• Example: She has a strong sense of justice and fairness.
• Egalitarianism - The doctrine that all people are equal and deserve equal rights and opportunities.
• Example: This experience reinforced American egalitarianism, the belief that everyone is equal in status.
• Disparity - A difference, especially one that is caused by unfair treatment.
• Example: Sadly, there is a disparity in healthcare treatment among the economic classes.

Hence, the only possible answer is option 5.

Additional Information

• The antonyms of the word 'Equality' are "Disparity, Inequality, Nonequivalence".
• The synonyms of the word 'Equality' are "Impartiality, Parity, Fairness".

The correct answer is 'Obligatory.'

Key Points

• The word 'Mandatory' means Required by law or mandate; compulsory.
• Example: Athletes must undergo a mandatory drug test before competing in the championship.
• Let's look at the meaning of the given options:-
• Obligatory - Required by legal, moral, or other rules; compulsory.
• Example: The college authorities have now made these classes obligatory.
• Voluntary - Done, given, or acting of one's own free will.
• Example: In Great Britain the period of study is voluntary, and usually occupies only one year.
• Optional - Available to be chosen but not obligatory.
• Example: Jackets are required at the restaurant, but ties are optional.
• Permissive - Allowed but not obligatory; optional.
• Example: It's a very permissive school where the children are allowed to do whatever they like.
• Discretionary - Available for use at the discretion of the user.
• Example: Banks have a tendency to loan money through strict methods, but individuals can make a discretionary loan to others without regard to their backgrounds.

Hence, the only possible answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'Mandatory' are "Obligatory, Compulsory, Requisite".
• The antonyms of the word 'Mandatory' are "Voluntary, Optional, Permissive".

The correct answer is 'Social democratization without economic equality.'

Key Points

• The first sentence of the passage says ''While economic inequalities have grown exponentially over the last few decades, we have also witnessed social democratization that has been silent and uneventful'', the second-last sentence of the first paragraph says "Such social equalization has not, however, contributed in any substantial sense to distributive justice, much against the assumption that the shift from ‘equality to difference’ will also account for economic equality'' and the last sentence of the first paragraph concludes "Populism is an expression of this anomaly of growing social mobility sans economic equality''.
• From the above sentences, we can say that the central theme of the passage is ''​​​​​​​​Social democratization without economic equality.''

​

Hence, the only possible answer is option 2.

The correct answer is 'Andhra Pradesh.'

Key Points

• The given passage is all about social democratization.
• The sixth sentence of the third paragraph says "For instance, **the Government of Andhra Pradesh has made the English medium mandatory in government schools.''
• From the above sentence, we can say that according to the passage, Andhra Pradesh has made the English medium mandatory in government schools.

Hence, the only possible answer is option 3.

Important Points

• ​Given below are the points, we should keep in mind while solving questions of reading comprehension-
• Identify the purpose of reading. Try to go through the question first and then the passage so that you can just focus on the things you need to look at in the passage.
• Anticipate what may lie ahead. Look out for specific information in the passage.

The correct answer is 'Both B and C.'

Key Points

• The last sentence of the second paragraph says "Democracy has renewed the legitimacy of bringing about effective changes and voter turnout has been increasing, even as policy consensus around neoliberalism has been near-complete''.
• From the above sentence, we can say that statement A is correct according to the given passage.​​​
• The third sentence of the second paragraph says "Today, for instance, photography is not about ‘capturing’ a moment; it is about ‘creating’ one using filters and also the instant mobile phone cameras'' and the second sentence of the second paragraph says "New technology has replaced old social divides''.
• From the above sentences, we can say that statements B and C are incorrect according to the given passage.​

Hence, the only possible answer is option 4.

Solution:

The correct answer is 'A'

Key Points

• Let us explore the options:
• 'Lieutnant': There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some spelling mistake.
• The correct spelling is 'Lieutenant' which means a deputy or substitute acting for a superior.
• 'Governor' means an official appointed to govern a town or region.
• 'Disruptive' means causing trouble and therefore stopping something from continuing as usual.
• 'meddle' means interfere in something that is not one's concern.
• 'governance' means the action or manner of governing a state, organization, etc.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence: The recently appointed Lieutenant-Governor, Vinai Kumar Saxena, has, through his disruptive enthusiasm to meddle in the day-to-day governance in Delhi, set the cat among the pigeons.

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'Lieutenant' are "deputy, assistant, associate".
• Example of 'Lieutenant' in a sentence**:**
• The Lieutenant was well respected and admired by his colleagues.

The correct answer is 'C'.

Key Points

• Let us explore the options:
• 'accelerate' means an increase in rate, amount, or extent.
• 'pace' means to move or develop (something) at a particular rate or speed.
• 'quater' means four times (according to Collins Dictionary).
• But the word that contextually fits here is 'quarter' which means one of four equal parts of something.
• 'sizeable' means fairly large.
• 'estimated' means (of a value or number) roughly calculated; approximate.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Correct sentence: Price gains are now expected to accelerate at a 7.5% pace in the April-June quarter, a sizeable 120 basis points faster than previously estimated.

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'quarter' are "part, section, portion, division, one-fourth".
• Example of 'quarter' in a sentence**:**
• I am to meet him at quarter past 9.

Solution:

The correct answer is 'A'

Key Points

• Let us explore the options:
• 'Contamporary': There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some spelling mistake.
• The correct spelling is 'contemporary' which means belonging to or occurring in the present.
• 'Realistic' means having or showing a sensible and practical idea of what can be achieved or expected.
• 'agreement' means a negotiated and typically legally binding arrangement between parties as to a course of action.
• 'expectations' means a strong belief that something will happen or be the case.
• 'obligation' means the condition of being morally or legally bound to do something.

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Correct sentence: In contemporary international law, the most realistic approach to settling a border agreement is to create in each other shared expectations of mutual obligation.

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'Contemporary' are "modern, present day, current, latest".
• Example of 'Contemporary' in a sentence**:**
• Are you fond of Contemporary art?

The correct answer is 'D.'

Key Points

• Let us explore the options:-
• 'Failure' means Lack of success.
• 'Continuing' means Without a break in continuity; ongoing.
• 'Inability' means The state of being unable to do something.
• 'Comprehansive': There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some spelling mistake in this word.
• The correct spelling is 'Comprehensive' means Including or dealing with all or nearly all elements or aspects of something.
• 'Signing' means The action of writing one's signature on an official document.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Correct Sentence: A major failure relates to the continuing inability to produce a comprehensive Free Trade Agreement (FTA) 18 years after the signing of the Framework Agreement.

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'Comprehensive' are "Complete, Thorough, Full".
• Example of 'Comprehensive' in a sentence:
• She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject.

The correct answer is 'C' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points

• In the third part of the given sentence, the plural form of the verb 'have done' is incorrect.
• In the given sentence, the subject 'None of the girls' should take a singular verb because it implies "not one of the girls".
• When 'none' is the subject, it generally takes a singular verb unless the context clearly indicates plurality.
• Therefore, the singular form of the verb 'has done' should be used in place of the plural form 'have done'.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Correct sentence: None of the girls has done her home task.

Additional Information

• If the subject 'none' refers to countable nouns (e.g., people, books), it can take either a singular or a plural verb, but it is more commonly used with a singular verb in formal writing.
• Example: None of the books has been read by the children yet.
• If the subject 'none' clearly refers to something plural as a collective entity, you may occasionally see a plural verb, particularly in informal contexts.
• Example: None of the students have submitted their assignments (informal).

The correct answer is 'C' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points

• In the third part of the given sentence, the singular form of the word 'has' is incorrect.
• The subject refers to 'worst accidents' that have happened in the given year and it is in plural form.
• The plural form of verb 'have' should be used with the plural subject 'worst accidents'.
• Therefore, the plural form of the verb 'have' should be replaced with the singular form of the verb 'has'.​​
• Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Correct Sentence: That was one of the worst accidents that have occured this year.

The correct answer is 'B' i.e. this part of the sentence has an error.

Key Points 

• In the second part of the given sentence, the singular form of the verb 'gives' is incorrect.
• The base form of a verb is used with 'Does'.
• The base form of the verb 'give' should be used with 'does'.
• Therefore, the singular form of the verb 'give' should be used in place of the plural form of the verb 'gives'.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Correct sentence: Does this hotel give both fooding and lodging?

Additional Information 

• Subjects and verbs must agree with one another in number (singular or plural).
• Thus, if a subject is singular, its verb must also be singular.
• If the subject is plural, its verb must also be plural.

The correct answer is 'C' i.e. this part of sentence has an error.

Key Points

• In the third part of given sentence, many and of are given together.
• The term 'many' in itself refers to more than a single thing. It is used in plural form.
• 'Of' is a preposition and is not needed here. (Sentence gives no proper meaning)
• Therefore, two words with completely contrasting meaning can't be put together in a sentence.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Correct sentence: The student has to pass many sleepless nights.

The correct answer is Possibility.

Key Points

• Imbibing: the act of consuming liquids

• Introducing: to put something into use, operation, or a place for the first time

• Inverting: put upside down or in the opposite position, order, or arrangement

• Converting: change the form, character, or function of something

• Possibility: a thing that may happen or be the case

• NASA is exploring the possibility of using Artificial Intelligence into space communications networks. Thus, possibility is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Efficient.

Key Points

• Fortune: chance or luck as an arbitrary force affecting human affairs

• Data: facts and statistics collected together for reference or analysis

• Efficient: working or operating quickly and effectively in an organized way

• Supply: to provide something that is wanted or needed, often in large quantities

• Meetings: a planned occasion when people come together

• In order to meet demand and lead to an efficient communication. Thus, efficient is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Portions.

Key Points

• Dues: the official payments you make to an organization that you belong to

• Remittances: a sum of money sent in payment or as a gift

• Reservoir: a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply

• Portions: a part of a whole

• Quantum: a required or allowed amount, especially an amount of money legally payable in damages

• The sentence 'Software-defined radios like cognitive radio use AI to employ underutilised _______of the electromagnetic spectrum without human intervention.' suggests that the blank must contain a word that means 'part' of the electromagnetic spectrum. The only word that reflects this meaning is 'portions'.

The correct answer is Environment.

Key Points

• Deduction: the process of reaching a decision or answer by thinking about the known facts, or the decision that is reached

• Environment: the circumstances, objects, or conditions by which one is surrounded

• Donation: something that is given to a charity, especially a sum of money

• Vibrant: full of energy and life

• Nook: a sheltered and secluded place

• For NASA, the space environment presents unique challenges that cognitive radio could mitigate. Thus, environment is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Interrupt.

Key Points

• Interrupt: to cause or make a break in the continuity or uniformity

• Deter: discourage (someone) from doing something by instilling doubt or fear of the consequences

• Concur: to agree or have the same opinion

• Corrupt: cause to act dishonestly in return for money or personal gain

• Destroy: to damage something so badly that it cannot be used

• Other celestial bodies fills space with noise that can interrupt certain frequencies. Thus, interrupt is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Any of the flower arrangements

Key Points

• In the given sentence the phrase 'any of the flower arrangement' is incorrect.
• The determiners 'any of' and 'one of' are always followed by plural nouns. 
• 'Any of' and 'one of' imply there are more than one options that one has to choose from or is given to one, meaning that the noun is plural.
• Hence, the 'flower arrangement' in the sentence needs to be replaced with 'flower arrangements'.

The correct sentence will be: Sally was fine with any of the flower arrangements as long as it didn’t go over budget.

The correct answer is Boosting.

Key Points

• Enhancing: Add something extra to make it more intense or better
• "This will enhance your enjoyment"
• Boosting: Give help (to improve, increase, etc); be beneficial to
• "The tax cut will boost the economy"

​**Hence, the word 'Enhancing' should be replaced with 'Boosting' to form a contextually correct sentence.

It should read as:  

Raising the MSP might be one of the tools for boostingThe farmers' income, but cautioned that it could not have a favourable macroeconomic impact.

 Additional Information

​ Let us understand the meaning of the other options:

• Incongruous: Lacking in harmony, compatibility or appropriateness
• enchanting: Capturing interest as if by a spell
• Exacerbating: Making worse
• Encouraging: Furnishing support and encouragement

The correct answer is 'D'.

Key Points

• The correct sequence of the segments after rearrangement is DACBE.
• Sentence D comes in the first place as out of all the sentences, it tells about the past life of the writer about his previous school.
• Sentence A will come after D as it suggests that after St. Joseph, he went to Petit Seminaire, which represents his later academic life.
• Sentence C will come after A as other sentences are starting with 'he' and 'so', so they are not the beginning sentences also sentence C gives general details about his brother Ravi who was also a student of Petit Seminaire.
• Sentence B will come after C as it is giving information about qualities of Ravi. Thus, it relates directly to sentence C and will follow it.
• The sentence E will come after B as it is reflecting a comparison between the qualities of the writer and Ravi that even if the writer is a swimmer but his talent will not be of much influence because of his brother Ravi's pre-known qualities.
• ​From the above sequence, we can say that sentence 'D' is the first sentence after rearrangement.

​

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

Paragraph after rearranging the sentences: I spent my late year at St. Joseph's School. After St. Joseph's I went to Petit Seminaire, the best private English medium school in Pondicherry. Ravi was already there and like all younger brothers, I would suffer from following in his footsteps. He was the athlete of his generation, a fearsome bowler and a powerful batsman. So my talent as a swimmer made no waves.

Hint

• Important Rules to Solve the Para Jumbles:
• ​Read the sentences carefully and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentences and eliminate the irrelevant options first.
• Try to identify the opening (independent sentence) and closing sentences (dependant/ concluding part).
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs and co-relating sentences. Two sentences can be connected using various connectors and other determinants.

​​

The correct answer is 'A'.

Key Points

• The correct sequence of the segments after rearrangement is DACBE.
• Sentence D comes in the first place as out of all the sentences, it tells about the past life of the writer about his previous school.
• Sentence A will come after D as it suggests that after St. Joseph, he went to Petit Seminaire, which represents his later academic life.
• Sentence C will come after A as other sentences are starting with 'he' and 'so', so they are not the beginning sentences also sentence C gives general details about his brother Ravi who was also a student of Petit Seminaire.
• Sentence B will come after C as it is giving information about qualities of Ravi. Thus, it relates directly to sentence C and will follow it.
• The sentence E will come after B as it is reflecting a comparison between the qualities of the writer and Ravi that even if the writer is a swimmer but his talent will not be of much influence because of his brother Ravi's pre-known qualities.
• ​From the above sequence, we can say that sentence 'A' is the second sentence after rearrangement.

​

Hence, the correct answer is option 1.

Paragraph after rearranging the sentences: I spent my late year at St. Joseph's School. After St. Joseph's I went to Petit Seminaire, the best private English medium school in Pondicherry. Ravi was already there and like all younger brothers, I would suffer from following in his footsteps. He was the athlete of his generation,a fearsome bowler, and a powerful batsman. So my talent as a swimmer made no waves.

Hint

• Important Rules to Solve the Para Jumbles:
• ​Read the sentences carefully and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentences and eliminate the irrelevant options first.
• Try to identify the opening (independent sentence) and closing sentences (dependant/ concluding part).
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs and co-relating sentences. Two sentences can be connected using various connectors and other determinants.

​​

The correct answer is 'C'.

Key Points

• The correct sequence of the segments after rearrangement is DACBE.
• Sentence D comes in the first place as out of all the sentences, it tells about the past life of the writer about his previous school.
• Sentence A will come after D as it suggests that after St. Joseph, he went to Petit Seminaire, which represents his later academic life.
• Sentence C will come after A as other sentences are starting with 'he' and 'so', so they are not the beginning sentences also sentence C gives general details about his brother Ravi who was also a student of Petit Seminaire.
• Sentence B will come after C as it is giving information about qualities of Ravi. Thus, it relates directly to sentence C and will follow it.
• The sentence E will come after B as it is reflecting a comparison between the qualities of the writer and Ravi that even if the writer is a swimmer but his talent will not be of much influence because of his brother Ravi's pre-known qualities.
• ​From the above sequence, we can say that sentence 'C' is the third sentence after rearrangement.

​

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Paragraph after rearranging the sentences: I spent my late year at St. Joseph's School. After St. Joseph's I went to Petit Seminaire, the best private English medium school in Pondicherry. Ravi was already there and like all younger brothers, I would suffer from following in his footsteps. He was the athlete of his generation, a fearsome bowler and a powerful batsman. So my talent as a swimmer made no waves.

Hint

• Important Rules to Solve the Para Jumbles:
• ​Read the sentences carefully and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentences and eliminate the irrelevant options first.
• Try to identify the opening (independent sentence) and closing sentences (dependant/ concluding part).
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs and co-relating sentences. Two sentences can be connected using various connectors and other determinants.

​​

The correct answer is 'B'.

Key Points

• The correct sequence of the segments after rearrangement is DACBE.
• Sentence D comes in the first place as out of all the sentences, it tells about the past life of the writer about his previous school.
• Sentence A will come after D as it suggests that after St. Joseph, he went to Petit Seminaire, which represents his later academic life.
• Sentence C will come after A as other sentences are starting with 'he' and 'so', so they are not the beginning sentences also sentence C gives general details about his brother Ravi who was also a student of Petit Seminaire.
• Sentence B will come after C as it is giving information about qualities of Ravi. Thus, it relates directly to sentence C and will follow it.
• The sentence E will come after B as it is reflecting a comparison between the qualities of the writer and Ravi that even if the writer is a swimmer but his talent will not be of much influence because of his brother Ravi's pre-known qualities.
• ​From the above sequence, we can say that sentence 'B' is the fourth sentence after rearrangement.

​

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Paragraph after rearranging the sentences: I spent my late year at St. Joseph's School. After St. Joseph's I went to Petit Seminaire, the best private English medium school in Pondicherry. Ravi was already there and like all younger brothers, I would suffer from following in his footsteps. He was the athlete of his generation,a fearsome bowler, and a powerful batsman. So my talent as a swimmer made no waves.

Hint

• Important Rules to Solve the Para Jumbles:
• ​Read the sentences carefully and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentences and eliminate the irrelevant options first.
• Try to identify the opening (independent sentence) and closing sentences (dependant/ concluding part).
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs and co-relating sentences. Two sentences can be connected using various connectors and other determinants.

​​

The correct answer is 'E'.

Key Points

• The correct sequence of the segments after rearrangement is DACBE.
• Sentence D comes in the first place as out of all the sentences, it tells about the past life of the writer about his previous school.
• Sentence A will come after D as it suggests that after St. Joseph, he went to Petit Seminaire, which represents his later academic life.
• Sentence C will come after A as other sentences are starting with 'he' and 'so', so they are not the beginning sentences also sentence C gives general details about his brother Ravi who was also a student of Petit Seminaire.
• Sentence B will come after C as it is giving information about qualities of Ravi. Thus, it relates directly to sentence C and will follow it.
• The sentence E will come after B as it is reflecting a comparison between the qualities of the writer and Ravi that even if the writer is a swimmer but his talent will not be of much influence because of his brother Ravi's pre-known qualities.
• ​From the above sequence, we can say that sentence 'E' is the fifth sentence after rearrangement.

​

Hence, the correct answer is option 5.

Paragraph after rearranging the sentences: I spent my late year at St. Joseph's School. After St. Joseph's I went to Petit Seminaire, the best private English medium school in Pondicherry. Ravi was already there and like all younger brothers, I would suffer from following in his footsteps. He was the athlete of his generation, a fearsome bowler, and a powerful batsman. So my talent as a swimmer made no waves.

Hint

• Important Rules to Solve the Para Jumbles:
• ​Read the sentences carefully and try to comprehend the idea or theme of the sentences and eliminate the irrelevant options first.
• Try to identify the opening (independent sentence) and closing sentences (dependant/ concluding part).
• Try to identify the mandatory pairs and co-relating sentences. Two sentences can be connected using various connectors and other determinants.

​​

Students: A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.

1. E sits opposite to the student, who sits immediate left of G. So, E sits at any side or any corner. 

2. H sits immediate left of D, who sits at one of the sides of the table.

3. F and H are adjacent to each other. So, F must be sitting on the side of the table. 

4. One person sits between C and A, who is not adjacent to B.

5. C does not sit immediate right of G. So, case 2 must be invalid. 

Hence, A sits immediate left of E.

Students: A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.

1. E sits opposite to the student, who sits immediate left of G. So, E sits at any side or any corner. 

2. H sits immediate left of D, who sits at one of the sides of the table.

3. F and H are adjacent to each other. So, F must be sitting on the side of the table. 

4. One person sits between C and A, who is not adjacent to B.

5. C does not sit immediate right of G. So, case 2 must be invalid. 

Hence, two students sit between B and H when counted from the right of B.

Students: A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.

1. E sits opposite to the student, who sits immediate left of G. So, E sits at any side or any corner. 

2. H sits immediate left of D, who sits at one of the sides of the table.

3. F and H are adjacent to each other. So, F must be sitting on the side of the table. 

4. One person sits between C and A, who is not adjacent to B.

5. C does not sit immediate right of G. So, case 2 must be invalid. 

All are sitting at the sides except G.

Hence, G does not belong to the group.

Students: A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.

1. E sits opposite to the student, who sits immediate left of G. So, E sits at any side or any corner. 

2. H sits immediate left of D, who sits at one of the sides of the table.

3. F and H are adjacent to each other. So, F must be sitting on the side of the table. 

4. One person sits between C and A, who is not adjacent to B.

5. C does not sit immediate right of G. So, case 2 must be invalid. 

Hence, H sits immediate right of F.

Students: A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H.

1. E sits opposite to the student, who sits immediate left of G. So, E sits at any side or any corner. 

2. H sits immediate left of D, who sits at one of the sides of the table.

3. F and H are adjacent to each other. So, F must be sitting on the side of the table. 

4. One person sits between C and A, who is not adjacent to B.

5. C does not sit immediate right of G. So, case 2 must be invalid. 

Hence, D sits third to the right of C.

Pairs (25, 89 46)

Hence, Three pairs of digits are there in the number '5982416' each of which has as many digits as between them in the number as are there in the general numerical order.

Persons: M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and T.

Birth years: 1987, 1989, 1995, 1999, 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2010.

Ages: 33, 31, 25, 21, 16, 14, 13 and 10.

1. P was born in 2007.
2. M is 31 years old.
3. S’s age is multiple of 5. So, S is either 10 or 25 years old.

4. Two persons were born between the years in which S and T were born. So, T would have born in either 2004 or 2006.
5. R was born after T.

6. O was born just before N, whose age is not an odd number. So, case 2 would be invalid as it contradicts the given case. Also, Q must be 33 years old.

Hence, O is 21 years old.

Persons: M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and T.

Birth years: 1987, 1989, 1995, 1999, 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2010.

Ages: 33, 31, 25, 21, 16, 14, 13 and 10.

1. P was born in 2007.
2. M is 31 years old.
3. S’s age is multiple of 5. So, S is either 10 or 25 years old.

4. Two persons were born between the years in which S and T were born. So, T would have born in either 2004 or 2006.
5. R was born after T.

6. O was born just before N, whose age is not an odd number. So, case 2 would be invalid as it contradicts the given case. Also, Q must be 33 years old.

Hence, S was born in 1995.

Persons: M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and T.

Birth years: 1987, 1989, 1995, 1999, 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2010.

Ages: 33, 31, 25, 21, 16, 14, 13 and 10.

1. P was born in 2007.
2. M is 31 years old.
3. S’s age is multiple of 5. So, S is either 10 or 25 years old.

4. Two persons were born between the years in which S and T were born. So, T would have born in either 2004 or 2006.
5. R was born after T.

6. O was born just before N, whose age is not an odd number. So, case 2 would be invalid as it contradicts the given case. Also, Q must be 33 years old.

Hence, three persons were born after N.

Persons: M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and T.

Birth years: 1987, 1989, 1995, 1999, 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2010.

Ages: 33, 31, 25, 21, 16, 14, 13 and 10.

1. P was born in 2007.
2. M is 31 years old.
3. S’s age is multiple of 5. So, S is either 10 or 25 years old.

4. Two persons were born between the years in which S and T were born. So, T would have born in either 2004 or 2006.
5. R was born after T.

6. O was born just before N, whose age is not an odd number. So, case 2 would be invalid as it contradicts the given case. Also, Q must be 33 years old.

The difference in the ages of S and P = 25 – 13 = 12

Hence, ‘12 years’ is the correct answer.

Persons: M, N, O, P, Q, R, S and T.

Birth years: 1987, 1989, 1995, 1999, 2004, 2006, 2007 and 2010.

Ages: 33, 31, 25, 21, 16, 14, 13 and 10.

1. P was born in 2007.
2. M is 31 years old.
3. S’s age is multiple of 5. So, S is either 10 or 25 years old.

4. Two persons were born between the years in which S and T were born. So, T would have born in either 2004 or 2006.
5. R was born after T.

6. O was born just before N, whose age is not an odd number. So, case 2 would be invalid as it contradicts the given case. Also, Q must be 33 years old.

Hence, R is the youngest.

The table is drawn describing symbols and their meanings, 

1. K is the father of L. O is the father of R. L is the brother of M.

2. P is the daughter of N. P is the sister of R. Q is the son-in-law of N.

3. As given, there are eight members in a family in which three married couples and the same number of males and females in this family. Therefore, the male members are K, L, O, and Q, remaining female. R has two children. L is the brother of M. K is the father of L.

Hence, the final arrangement will be,

Hence, R is the mother of M.

The table is drawn describing symbols and their meanings, 

1. K is the father of L. O is the father of R. L is the brother of M.

2. P is the daughter of N. P is the sister of R. Q is the son-in-law of N.

3. As given, there are eight members in a family in which three married couples and the same number of males and females in this family. Therefore, the male members are K, L, O, and Q, remaining female. R has two children. L is the brother of M. K is the father of L.

Hence, the final arrangement will be,

Hence, N is the Grandmother of L.

The table is drawn describing symbols and their meanings, 

1. K is the father of L. O is the father of R. L is the brother of M.

2. P is the daughter of N. P is the sister of R. Q is the son-in-law of N.

3. As given, there are eight members in a family in which three married couples and the same number of males and females in this family. Therefore, the male members are K, L, O, and Q, remaining female. R has two children. L is the brother of M. K is the father of L.

Hence, the final arrangement will be,

Hence, K is the brother-in-law of P.

Eight Persons: A, C, D, E, F, G, I, and J

Designations: Director, CEO, VP, AVP, Team Lead, Lead Manager, Manager, Associate

1) E is senior to at least six persons.

2) As many persons are senior to I as junior to D.

3. C is immediately junior to J.

4. I is not the Manager in the company.

5) I is senior to F but junior to C.

6. D is senior to J and G.

7) Five posts are there between A and F who is senior to at least one person in the company.

As the above condition is not satisfied in case 1, it will get canceled.

Final Arrangement:

Hence, E is the CEO of the company.

Eight Persons: A, C, D, E, F, G, I, and J

Designations: Director, CEO, VP, AVP, Team Lead, Lead Manager, Manager, Associate

1) E is senior to at least six persons.

2) As many persons are senior to I as junior to D.

3. C is immediately junior to J.

4. I is not the Manager in the company.

5) I is senior to F but junior to C.

6. D is senior to J and G.

7) Five posts are there between A and F who is senior to at least one person in the company.

As the above condition is not satisfied in case 1, it will get canceled.

Final Arrangement:

Hence, F is the Manager in the company.

Eight Persons: A, C, D, E, F, G, I, and J

Designations: Director, CEO, VP, AVP, Team Lead, Lead Manager, Manager, Associate

1) E is senior to at least six persons.

2) As many persons are senior to I as junior to D.

3. C is immediately junior to J.

4. I is not the Manager in the company.

5) I is senior to F but junior to C.

6. D is senior to J and G.

7) Five posts are there between A and F who is senior to at least one person in the company.

As the above condition is not satisfied in case 1, it will get canceled.

Final Arrangement:

Hence, A is at the highest designation in the company.

Eight Persons: A, C, D, E, F, G, I, and J

Designations: Director, CEO, VP, AVP, Team Lead, Lead Manager, Manager, Associate

1) E is senior to at least six persons.

2) As many persons are senior to I as junior to D.

3. C is immediately junior to J.

4. I is not the Manager in the company.

5) I is senior to F but junior to C.

6. D is senior to J and G.

7) Five posts are there between A and F who is senior to at least one person in the company.

As the above condition is not satisfied in case 1, it will get canceled.

Final Arrangement:

On arranging in alphabetical order:

Hence, the designation of two persons will not change.

Eight Persons: A, C, D, E, F, G, I, and J

Designations: Director, CEO, VP, AVP, Team Lead, Lead Manager, Manager, Associate

1) E is senior to at least six persons.

2) As many persons are senior to I as junior to D.

3. C is immediately junior to J.

4. I is not the Manager in the company.

5) I is senior to F but junior to C.

6. D is senior to J and G.

7) Five posts are there between A and F who is senior to at least one person in the company.

As the above condition is not satisfied in case 1, it will get canceled.

Final Arrangement:

Hence, C is the Team Lead in the company.

Statement:

S > M = Z > T < Q > V

Conclusions:

I. V = S → False (S > M = Z > T < Q > V, No relation between V and S can be defined)

II. Q > M → False (M = Z > T < Q, No relation between Q and M can be defined)

Hence, Neither conclusion I nor II is true.

Given Statement :

G ≤ L ≥ O; I ≤ W ≤ K; M ≤ Q = O; M = K

On combining; 

G ≤ L ≥ O = Q ≥ M =K ≥ W ≥ I

Conclusions :

I. I < L: False (as G ≤ L ≥ O = Q ≥ M =K ≥ W ≥ I, So I ≤ L).

II. L = I: False (as G ≤ L ≥ O = Q ≥ M =K ≥ W ≥ I, So I ≤ L).

Both form complementary pairs.

Therefore, either I or II follows.

Given statement: 

Y < O; L > M; N ≥ R < T ≤ G ≤ K = U > L > P; T ≤ H ≤ Y < I

On combining:

O > Y ≥ H ≥ T ≤ G ≤ K = U > L > P

or

O > Y ≥ H ≥ T > R ≤  N

Conclusions: 

I. O = U: False (No Direct relation between O and U. Therefore the given conclusion is false).

II. U > O: False (No Direct relation between O and U. Therefore the given conclusion is false).

Hence, Neither conclusion I nor II is true.

Given Statement:

M ≥ K > A = Q; C > D < A > S > E > B = H

On combining: 

M ≥ K > Q = A > S > E > B = H

Or

M ≥ K > Q = A > D < C

Conclusion:

I. Q ≥ H: False : (As M ≥ K > A = Q > S > E > B = H. Therefore, H is less than Q is true.)

II. H < Q: True : (As M ≥ K > A = Q > S > E > B = H. Therefore, H is less than Q is true.)

Hence, only conclusion II is true.

**Boxes:**M, N, O, P, Q, R and S.

**Vegetables:**Brinjal, Broccoli, Cabbage, Ladyfinger, Potato, Spinach and Tomato.

1. There are three boxes between box O and box of Cabbage.

2. Box N is just above box O.

3. The topmost box contains Tomato.

Case 1(a):

4. Box R contains Ladyfinger and is the even numbered box.

5. Neither box N nor box O is adjacent to box R. So, case 2(b) is rejected.

6. Ladyfinger and Tomato are not in the adjacent box.

7. Box Q is just below box P, which does not contain Cabbage or Tomato. So, case 2(a) is rejected.

8. Box M is above box S, which contains Broccoli. So, case 1(b) is rejected.

9. Neither box P nor box O contains Brinjal.

10. Box of Brinjal is above the box of Spinach, which is not in the bottommost box. So, box O and box P must contain Potato and Spinach respectively.

Final Case:

Box N contains Tomato.

Hence, Tomato is the correct answer.

Boxes:M, N, O, P, Q, R and S.

Vegetables:Brinjal, Broccoli, Cabbage, Ladyfinger, Potato, Spinach and Tomato.

1. There are three boxes between box O and box of Cabbage.

2. Box N is just above box O.

3. The topmost box contains Tomato.

Case 1(a):

4. Box R contains Ladyfinger and is the even numbered box.

5. Neither box N nor box O is adjacent to box R. So, case 2(b) is rejected.

6. Ladyfinger and Tomato are not in the adjacent box.

7. Box Q is just below box P, which does not contain Cabbage or Tomato. So, case 2(a) is rejected.

8. Box M is above box S, which contains Broccoli. So, case 1(b) is rejected.

9. Neither box P nor box O contains Brinjal.

10. Box of Brinjal is above the box of Spinach, which is not in the bottommost box. So, box O and box P must contain Potato and Spinach respectively.

Final Case:

All boxes are odd numbered except box O.

Hence, O is the correct answer.

Boxes:M, N, O, P, Q, R and S.

Vegetables:Brinjal, Broccoli, Cabbage, Ladyfinger, Potato, Spinach and Tomato.

1. There are three boxes between box O and box of Cabbage.

2. Box N is just above box O.

3. The topmost box contains Tomato.

Case 1(a):

4. Box R contains Ladyfinger and is the even numbered box.

5. Neither box N nor box O is adjacent to box R. So, case 2(b) is rejected.

6. Ladyfinger and Tomato are not in the adjacent box.

7. Box Q is just below box P, which does not contain Cabbage or Tomato. So, case 2(a) is rejected.

8. Box M is above box S, which contains Broccoli. So, case 1(b) is rejected.

9. Neither box P nor box O contains Brinjal.

10. Box of Brinjal is above the box of Spinach, which is not in the bottommost box. So, box O and box P must contain Potato and Spinach respectively.

Final Case:

Box O contains Potato.

Hence, Box O is the correct answer.

Boxes:M, N, O, P, Q, R and S.

Vegetables: Brinjal, Broccoli, Cabbage, Ladyfinger, Potato, Spinach and Tomato.

1. There are three boxes between box O and box of Cabbage.

2. Box N is just above box O.

3. The topmost box contains Tomato.

Case 1(a):

4. Box R contains Ladyfinger and is the even numbered box.

5. Neither box N nor box O is adjacent to box R. So, case 2(b) is rejected.

6. Ladyfinger and Tomato are not in the adjacent box.