KVS PRT Official Paper (Held On 26 Feb 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Option (1)

Key Points

• The sentence begins with "it was Copernicus," which correctly introduces the subject, as indicated by part (b).
• Following the subject, "who first said" (a) continues the logical sequence, giving context to Copernicus's statement.
• Next, "that the earth revolves" (d) fits logically after explaining what Copernicus said.
• Ending with "round the sun" (c) completes the sentence by specifying what the Earth revolves around.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Additional Information

• Option 2 (c), (a), (b), (d) incorrectly starts with "round the sun," which fragments the sentence.
• Option 3 (d), (a), (b), (c) starts with "that the earth revolves," which is incomplete without the preceding context.
• Option 4 (a), (b), (c), (d) starts with "who first said," which lacks the necessary introductory context.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• Passive voice structure: The object of the active voice sentence becomes the subject of the passive voice sentence.
• The subject "you" is turned into the object in passive voice.
• The verb "expect" is changed to "is expected" to fit the passive structure.
• In this case, the interrogative form "Do you expect" turns into "Is expected by you."
• "Help from your friends" is the object in the active sentence and becomes the subject in the passive sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: "Is help from your friends expected by you?"

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Help from your friends is expected by you?" – Incorrect word order for an interrogative sentence.
• Option 3: "Are your friends expected to help you?" – Changes the meaning and structure of the original question.
• Option 4: "Is help expected by you from your friends." – Incorrect punctuation and awkward phrasing.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• The preposition "to" is commonly used with the word "averse."
• The phrase "averse to" means having a strong dislike or opposition to something.
• In this context, "averse to hard work" means not disliking or opposed to hard work.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

The correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points

• The sentence uses the past perfect tense "had visited," which indicates an action that was completed before another action in the past.
• Past perfect tense is formed by using "had" followed by the past participle of the verb.
• In this sentence**, "had visited" correctly indicates that the traveller visited many towns before he returned home.**
• Therefore, the past perfect tense is used correctly in the given sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• To convert direct speech into indirect speech for a question, change the question structure to a statement structure.
• Remove the quotation marks and question mark.
• The reporting verb "said to" changes to "asked" when converting questions.
• Change the pronouns appropriately: "you" becomes "I" and "me" becomes "him."
• The correct conversion keeps the structure of asking, reflected properly as: "Rakesh asked me if I would give him my friend's mobile number."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: "Rakesh asked me if I would give him my friend's mobile number."

Additional Information

• Option 1: "Rakesh asked me if he would give me his friend's mobile number." – Incorrect pronouns.
• Option 3: "Rakesh asked me to give him his friend's mobile number." – Changes the question into a request.
• Option 4: "Rakesh asked me if I would give him my friend's mobile number." – Correct structure, but unnecessary capitalization of "If."

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the use of the verb "are" for a singular subject "The Canterbury Tales."
• As "The Canterbury Tales" is considered a single entity (a book), the correct verb should be "is".
• The correct phrase should be "The Canterbury Tales is a great work", ensuring grammatical correctness and clarity.
• Thus, the error is located in part 2 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: "The Canterbury Tales is a great work of literary merit in English."

Additional Information

• Part 1: "The Canterbury Tales" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Part 3: "of literary merit" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• Part 4: "in English" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.

The correct answer is: Option 1.

Key Points

• The word "temporal" refers to something related to worldly as opposed to spiritual affairs; it is often associated with time and the material world. (सांसारिक)
• Example: The monk chose to renounce temporal pleasures to lead a life of meditation and spirituality.
• "Worldly" means relating to or concerned with material values or ordinary life rather than a spiritual existence. (सांसारिक)
• Example: He is more interested in worldly gains than in spiritual enlightenment.
• Hence, we can infer that the word nearest in meaning to 'temporal' is 'worldly'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: worldly.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Spiritual (आध्यात्मिक): Relating to or affecting the human spirit or soul as opposed to material or physical things.
• Example: Meditation is often practiced to achieve a spiritual connection with oneself.
• Practical (व्यावहारिक): Concerned with the actual doing or use of something rather than with theory and ideas.
• Example: She has a very practical approach to solving problems.
• Crude (अपरिष्कृत): In a natural or raw state; not yet processed or refined.
• Example: The crude oil needs to be refined before it can be used.

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• The word "felicity" means intense happiness or joy. (सुख, आनंद)
• Example: She was overwhelmed with felicity when she heard the news of her promotion.
• "Sorrow" refers to a feeling of deep distress caused by loss, disappointment, or other misfortune suffered by oneself or others. (शोक, दुःख)
• Example: He was filled with sorrow after the passing of his beloved pet.

Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'felicity' is 'sorrow'.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Jubilation (उल्लास): A feeling of great happiness and triumph.
• Example: The team was in a state of jubilation after winning the championship.
• Pessimism (निराशावाद ): A tendency to see the worst aspect of things or believe that the worst will happen.
• Example: His pessimism about the future made it hard for him to enjoy the present.
• Weakness (कमजोरी): The state or condition of lacking strength.
• Example: Her illness left her in a state of physical weakness.

The correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points

• In the sentence, the word "convict" is underlined and we need to identify its part of speech.
• The word "convict" is a noun because it refers to a person found guilty of a crime.
• Nouns are words that name people, places, things, or ideas.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

The correct answer is Option 4.

Key Points

• The underlined clause in the sentence is "who ruled the country for many years".
• This clause provides additional information about "King Akbar".
• Such clauses that describe or give more information about a noun are called Adjective Clauses.
• An Adjective Clause usually starts with a relative pronoun like "who", "which", "that".

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Correct Identification: The clause "who ruled the country for many years" is an Adjective Clause.

Additional Information

• Principal Clause: "King Akbar was a just and noble king."
• Noun Clause: A clause that acts as a noun. Example: "What he said was surprising."
• Adverb Clause: A clause that acts as an adverb. Example: "He left the party because he was tired."

सफलता निश्चय ही मिलती है: गरीबी के साथ श्रम करने से

Key Points

• गद्यांश के अनुसार -
• गरीबी की हालत में यदि श्रम जुड़ जाए तो सफलता निश्चय ही मिलती है।
• ठीक इसके विपरीत अमीरी के साथ श्रमहीनता और आलस्य आ जाए तो पतन निश्चित है।

Additional Informationअन्य विकल्प -

• गरीबी की हालत में होने से - गद्यांश में केवल 'गरीबी की हालत में होने से' सफलता निश्चय नहीं होती है।
• श्रमहीनता से - गद्यांश में 'श्रमहीनता से' सफलता निश्चय नहीं होती है।
• अमीरी के साथ श्रमहीनता से - गद्यांश में अमीरी के साथ श्रमहीनता और आलस्य आ जाए तो पतन निश्चित है।

श्रमहीनता और आलस्य से पतन होता है।

Key Points

• गद्यांश के अनुसार -
• गरीबी की हालत में यदि श्रम जुड़ जाए तो सफलता निश्चय ही मिलती है।
• ठीक इसके विपरीत अमीरी के साथ श्रमहीनता और आलस्य आ जाए तो पतन निश्चित है।

Additional Informationअन्य विकल्प -

• गरीबी बढ़ती है - गद्यांश में गरीबी की हालत में यदि श्रम जुड़ जाए तो सफलता निश्चय ही मिलती है।
• अमीरी बढ़ती है - गद्यांश में अमीरी के साथ श्रमहीनता और आलस्य आ जाए तो पतन निश्चित है।
• नीचे गिरते हैं - गद्यांश में 'नीचे गिरते हैं' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है।

जीवन को यश और धन से भर देता है: श्रम

Key Points

• गद्यांश के अनुसार -
• श्रम एक ऐसी पूँजी है जो जीवन को यश एवं धन से भर देती है।
• पशु-पक्षी तक के जीवन में हम श्रम का महत्त्व देखते हैं।

Additional Informationअन्य विकल्प -

• नौकरी - गद्यांश में 'नौकरी' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है।
• व्यवसाय - गद्यांश में 'व्यवसाय' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है।
• दुनियादारी - गद्यांश में 'दुनियादारी' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है।

'सुरेश ने पेंसिल से पत्र लिखा' वाक्य में रेखांकित शब्द कारक है: करण

Key Points

• वाक्य - सुरेश ने पेंसिल से पत्र लिखा।
• (वाक्य में 'लिखा' क्रिया 'पेंसिल' के कारण हुई है, यहाँ 'पेंसिल' साधन है जिससे क्रिया हुई।
• वाक्य में ‘से’ विभक्ति चिन्ह का भी प्रयोग हुआ है। अतः यह उदाहरण करण कारक के अंतर्गत आयेगा।)
• वह साधन जिससे क्रिया होती है, वह करण कहलाता है। यानि, जिसकी सहायता से किसी काम को अंजाम दिया जाता, वह करण कारक कहलाता है।
• करण कारक के दो विभक्ति चिन्ह होते है- से और के द्वारा।
• उदाहरण - बच्चे गाड़ियों से खेल रहे हैं। सुनील ने अपनी पत्नी के द्वारा खाना बनवाया।

Important Pointsहिन्दी में आठ कारक’ हैं -

Additional Information 

वचन के आधार पर असंगत शब्द-युग्म है: मेहमान-मेहमानों

Key Points

• 'मेहमान' का बहुवचन 'मेहमान' होता है।

अन्य विकल्प - 

Important Points 

Additional Information 

विलोमार्थी शब्द-युग्मों में असंगत है: आविर्भाव-विभाव

Key Points

• 'आविर्भाव' का सही विलोम शब्द 'तिरोभाव' होगा।
• '​आविर्भाव' का अर्थ - प्रकट होना,उत्पत्ति।
• 'तिरोभाव' का अर्थ - अदृश्य हो जाना, अदर्शन।
• ​'विभाव' शब्द का विलोम शब्द 'पराभव, अनुभाव' होगा। 
• '​विभव' का अर्थ - ऐश्वर्य, शक्ति, धन-दौलत, संपत्ति, वैभव।
• 'पराभव' का अर्थ - पराजय, हार, तिरस्कार।
• विलोम - जो शब्द किसी एक शब्द के विपरीत अर्थ को व्यक्त करते हैं, वे विलोम शब्द कहलाते हैं।

अन्य विकल्प-

Additional Information कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण विलोम शब्द -

'आप मुझसे क्या चाहते हैं' वाक्य के रेखांकित शब्द में सर्वनाम है: प्रश्नवाचक

Key Points

• वाक्य - आप मुझसे क्या चाहते हैं**?**
• वाक्य में ‘क्या’ का प्रयोग प्रश्न पूछने के लिए हुआ है। अतः ये प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम है।
• जिन शब्दों का प्रयोग किसी वस्तु, व्यक्ति आदि के बारे में कोई सवाल पूछने या उसके बारे में जाने के लिए किया जाता है,
• उन शब्दों को प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम कहते हैं। प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम के अंतर्गत कौन, क्या, कहाँ आदि शब्द आते हैं।
• उदाहरण -
• टोकरी में क्या रखा है**?**
• बाहर कौन खड़ा है**?**

Important Points सर्वनाम के छ: भेद होते हैं -

1. पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम
2. निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम
3. अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम
4. सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम
5. प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम
6. निजवाचक सर्वनाम।

Additional Information 

लिंग के आधार पर असंगत शब्द युग्म है : दास-दासिन

Key Points

• ​'दास' एक पुल्लिंग शब्द है, जिसका स्त्रीलिंग शब्द 'दासी' होगा।
• नियम - अकारान्त और आकारांत शब्दों के अन्त में प्राय: 'ई' प्रत्यय लगाने से स्त्रीलिंग बनता है।
• पुल्लिंग - शब्द के जिस रूप से पुरुष जाति का बोध होता है, उसे पुल्लिंग कहते हैं।
• जैसे- बकरा, घोड़ा, लड़का, आदमी, शेर, हाथी, भेड़िया, बन्दर, बालक, शिशु, राजा, राजकुमार आदि।
• स्त्रीलिंग - शब्द के जिस रूप से व्यक्ति या वस्तु की स्त्री जाति का बोध होता है, उसे स्त्रीलिंग कहते हैं।
• जैसे - माता, लड़की, भेड़, गाय, बंदरिया, मछली, बुढ़िया, शेरनी, नारी, रानी, राजकुमारी, बहन आदि।

अन्य विकल्प-

Important Points

Additional Information लिंग दो प्रकार के होते हैं-

1. पुल्लिंग
2. स्त्रीलिंग

'नाक कटना' मुहावरे का सटीक अर्थ है : बेइज्जती कराना

Key Points

• 'नाक कटना' का अर्थ - बेइज्जती कराना। वाक्य प्रयोग - शिवम ने परीक्षा में नकल करके "नाक कटवा दी"।
• मुहावरा - ऐसे वाक्यांश, जो सामान्य अर्थ का बोध न कराकर किसी विलक्षण अर्थ को प्रकट करते है, उसे मुहावरा कहते है।
• उदाहरण के लिए - "खटिया सेना" का अर्थ - बीमार होना। वाक्य प्रयोग - माला की माँ बुखार के कारण "खटिया सेती है"।

अन्य विकल्प-

Additional Information 

'तालाब' शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द नहीं है: उदक

Key Points

• 'तालाब' का पर्यायवाची शब्द - 'सर, तड़ाग, ताल' होगा।
• 'तालाब' के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द - सरोवर, जलाशय, पुष्कर, पोखरा, जलवान, सरसी।
• 'पानी' के सभी पर्यायवाची शब्द - जल, वारि, नीर, सलिल, तोय, उदक, अंबु, जीवन, पय।
• पर्यायवाची - ऐसे शब्द जिनके अर्थ समान हों, पर्यायवाची शब्द कहलाते हैं।

Additional Informationकुछ महत्वपूर्ण पर्यायवाची शब्द -

The correct answer is the Governor of the State.

Key Points

• The Governor of the State of India has the authority to nominate members to the Legislative Council of states.
• This nomination process is done as per Article 171 of the Indian Constitution.
• The nominated members are usually persons having special knowledge or practical experience in literature, science, art, cooperative movement, and social service.
• These nominations are meant to provide expert input and advice in legislative discussions, ensuring informed decision-making.

Additional Information

• Legislative Council
• The Legislative Council is the upper house in the state legislature of those states of India that have a bicameral legislature.
• It is also known as the Vidhan Parishad.
• Members of the Legislative Council (MLCs) are partly elected and partly nominated.
• The total number of members in the Council cannot exceed one-third of the total number of members in the Legislative Assembly of that state and cannot be fewer than 40.
• Article 171
• Article 171 of the Indian Constitution pertains to the composition of the Legislative Councils in states.
• It specifies the maximum and minimum strength of the Legislative Council.
• The Article also details the method of election and nomination of members to the Council.
• It ensures representation from various fields such as education, arts, science, and social service.
• Governor of the State
• The Governor is the nominal head of a state, appointed by the President of India.
• The Governor has several legislative functions, including summoning, proroguing, and dissolving the state legislative assembly.
• While the Governor does have some powers regarding the state legislature, the power to nominate members to the Legislative Council resides with the President.

The correct answer is Chandigarh.

Key Points

• Chandigarh has the highest Total Fertility Rate (TFR) among Union Territories according to the National Family Health Survey 2019-21.
• Total Fertility Rate (TFR) is the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime.
• The TFR for Chandigarh is noted to be higher compared to other Union Territories like Andaman and Nicobar, Puducherry, and Lakshadweep.
• TFR is an important demographic indicator that helps in understanding population growth and planning for resources accordingly.

Additional Information

• Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
• It is defined as the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime.
• TFR is a crucial demographic indicator used to estimate population growth rates and to plan for future resource needs.
• A TFR of about 2.1 children per woman is considered to be the replacement level fertility, which keeps the population stable.
• Higher TFR indicates a higher birth rate and potentially larger future population, affecting healthcare, education, and economic planning.
• National Family Health Survey (NFHS)
• NFHS is a large-scale, multi-round survey conducted in a representative sample of households throughout India.
• It provides essential data on health and family welfare, crucial for policy and program purposes.
• The survey covers a range of indicators including fertility, infant and child mortality, family planning, maternal and child health, nutrition, and the prevalence of HIV.
• The 2019-21 survey is the fifth in the series, providing valuable trend data over time.
• Union Territories of India
• Union Territories (UTs) are regions directly governed by the Central Government of India.
• Unlike states, UTs have less autonomy and the administrators of UTs are appointed by the President of India.
• Some well-known UTs include Chandigarh, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Lakshadweep, Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu, and Puducherry.
• UTs often have unique demographic, cultural, and geographical characteristics that influence their administrative needs and policies.

The correct answer is The Great Economic Depression.

Key Points

• The Great Economic Depression, also known as the Great Depression, started in 1929 following the crash of the Wall Street Exchange.
• It was a severe worldwide economic depression that lasted for about a decade, affecting both industrialized and non-industrialized countries.
• The Great Depression led to widespread unemployment, poverty, and a significant drop in economic output globally.
• Many banks and businesses failed during this period, leading to widespread economic hardship and changes in economic policies and regulations.

Additional Information

• Wall Street Crash of 1929:
• Also known as Black Tuesday, the crash occurred on October 29, 1929.
• It marked the most devastating stock market crash in the history of the United States.
• The crash was preceded by a period of speculative investing and rising stock prices, known as the Roaring Twenties.
• It led to a significant loss of paper wealth and triggered a series of bank failures, contributing to the onset of the Great Depression.
• Economic Impact:
• The Great Depression caused a dramatic drop in consumer spending and investment.
• Industries such as agriculture, manufacturing, and mining were severely affected, leading to high unemployment rates.
• Many countries experienced a decline in international trade due to protectionist policies and tariffs.
• The crisis led to significant changes in economic policies, including the adoption of Keynesian economics and the implementation of social safety nets.
• New Deal:
• In response to the Great Depression, U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt introduced the New Deal in the 1930s.
• The New Deal comprised a series of programs and reforms aimed at providing relief to the unemployed, recovering the economy, and reforming the financial system.
• Key programs included the Social Security Act, the establishment of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and the creation of various public works projects.
• The New Deal played a crucial role in stabilizing the U.S. economy and restoring public confidence.
• Global Effects:
• The Great Depression had a profound impact on countries worldwide, leading to political and social upheaval.
• In Europe, it contributed to the rise of totalitarian regimes, including the Nazi Party in Germany.
• Many countries adopted protectionist policies, leading to a further decline in international trade.
• The economic crisis highlighted the need for international cooperation and the establishment of institutions like the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank.

The correct answer is Mica.

Key Points

• Mica is a non-metallic mineral.
• It is known for its excellent insulating properties.
• Mica is used in a variety of applications including electrical and electronic industries.
• This mineral can withstand high temperatures and is often used in thermal insulation.

Additional Information

• Non-Metallic Minerals
• Non-metallic minerals do not contain metals and are not malleable.
• They are typically used in the construction, manufacturing, and chemical industries.
• Examples include mica, limestone, gypsum, and quartz.
• They have a wide range of properties and uses, from insulation and construction to fillers in various products.
• Bauxite
• Bauxite is a metallic mineral and is the primary ore of aluminum.
• It contains aluminum oxides and hydroxides.
• It is used in the production of aluminum metal and various aluminum compounds.
• Manganese
• Manganese is a metallic element used primarily in steel production.
• It improves the strength and toughness of steel.
• Manganese is also used in the production of batteries and chemicals.
• Gold
• Gold is a metallic mineral known for its use in jewelry and as an investment.
• It has excellent electrical conductivity and is used in electronics.
• Gold is also used in dentistry and for various industrial purposes.

The correct answer is option 2.

Key Points

• The Bharat Ratna is India’s highest civilian award, established in 1954.
• It is awarded in recognition of exceptional service/performance of the highest order in any field of human endeavour.
• Unlike many other awards, the Bharat Ratna does not carry any monetary grant or reward, debunking the claim in option 2.
• In accordance with Article 18(1) of the Constitution, the award cannot be used as a prefix or suffix to the recipient's name.

Additional Information

• Bharat Ratna Award:
• The Bharat Ratna is awarded by the President of India.
• The award was originally limited to achievements in the arts, literature, science, and public services, but the government expanded the criteria to include "any field of human endeavour" in December 2011.
• Recipients receive a certificate (Sanad) signed by the President and a medallion.
• The award does not confer any special title or honorifics on the recipient that can be used before or after their name.
• Prominent recipients include Sachin Tendulkar, C. Rajagopalachari, Satyajit Ray, and Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
• Article 18(1) of the Constitution:
• This article prohibits the State from conferring any titles, except those which are academic or military distinctions.
• It ensures that the equality principle is upheld and prevents the creation of a hierarchy of titles.
• The Bharat Ratna, while being a prestigious recognition, is not considered a title in the constitutional sense.

The correct answer is Aryan Panchal.

Key Points

• Aryan Panchal is an accomplished athlete who has made significant contributions to sports in India.
• He was awarded the Best Male Athlete award in the 36^th National Games held in Gujarat in 2022.
• This recognition is given to the athlete who demonstrates exceptional performance across various events during the National Games.
• Aryan Panchal's achievements in the National Games have brought him into the limelight and have been a source of inspiration for upcoming athletes.

Additional Information

• National Games of India
• The National Games of India is a multi-sport event held in the country, modeled on the Olympic Games.
• The event is organized by the Indian Olympic Association and aims to identify and nurture sporting talent across the nation.
• The games include a wide range of sports such as athletics, swimming, badminton, boxing, weightlifting, and many others.
• The National Games serve as a platform for athletes to showcase their talents and potentially get selected for international competitions.
• Importance of Sports Awards
• Sports awards such as the Best Male Athlete award recognize and honor exceptional talent and hard work.
• They serve to motivate athletes to strive for higher standards and achieve excellence in their respective fields.
• These awards also play a significant role in promoting sports and encouraging the youth to take up sports professionally.
• Recognition through awards can lead to increased support, sponsorships, and opportunities for athletes.
• Impact of Hosting National Games
• Hosting the National Games can have a significant impact on the host state, including infrastructural development and economic benefits.
• It promotes tourism and creates job opportunities in the host state.
• The event also helps in building a sports culture and encourages participation in sports at the grassroots level.
• It provides a platform for local athletes to compete at a high level without the need to travel out of their state.

The correct answer is Gapa Kalika.

Key Points

• Gapa Kalika is a notable work in the Odia language that has gained significant recognition.
• The book was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Bal Sahitya Puraskar in 2022, which highlights its literary excellence in children's literature.
• The Sahitya Akademi Bal Sahitya Puraskar is a prestigious award given to outstanding works of children's literature in various Indian languages.
• This recognition is a testament to the book's impact and contribution to enriching children's literature in the Odia language.

Additional Information

• Sahitya Akademi
• The Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, is an organization dedicated to the promotion of literature in the languages of India.
• It was established in March 1954 and is supported by the Government of India.
• The Akademi presents awards annually to writers of outstanding works in twenty-four Indian languages, including English.
• The awards are aimed at recognizing and promoting excellence in Indian literature.
• Bal Sahitya Puraskar
• The Bal Sahitya Puraskar is a part of the Sahitya Akademi Awards specifically for children's literature.
• It was instituted to recognize and honor writers for their contributions to children's literature in various Indian languages.
• The award includes a monetary prize and a citation, encouraging authors to produce quality literature for young readers.
• This award plays a crucial role in fostering the growth and development of children's literature in India.
• Odia Language
• Odia is an Indo-Aryan language spoken primarily in the Indian state of Odisha.
• It is one of the classical languages of India, recognized for its rich literary heritage.
• Odia literature has a long history, with contributions from various poets and writers over the centuries.
• The Sahitya Akademi supports and promotes the development of Odia literature through awards and initiatives.

The correct answer is Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment.

Key Points

• The Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment is responsible for the welfare, social justice, and empowerment of disadvantaged and marginalized sections of society.
• The 'Information, Monitoring, Evaluation, and Social Audit' (I-MESA) scheme aims to ensure transparency and accountability in the implementation of social welfare programs.
• The scheme includes mechanisms for real-time monitoring and evaluation of various social justice initiatives.
• It also involves social audits to assess the impact and effectiveness of these initiatives, ensuring that the benefits reach the intended beneficiaries.

Additional Information

• Social Justice and Empowerment
• Social justice refers to the fair and just relationship between the individual and society, measured by the distribution of wealth, opportunities for personal activity, and social privileges.
• Empowerment involves increasing the political, social, educational, gender, or economic strength of individuals and communities.
• Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E)
• Monitoring is the systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and using information to track a program's progress towards reaching its objectives and to guide management decisions.
• Evaluation is the systematic assessment of an ongoing or completed project, program, or policy, including its design, implementation, and results.
• M&E is crucial for improving program performance, accountability, and the efficient use of resources.
• Social Audit
• A social audit is a way of measuring, understanding, reporting, and ultimately improving an organization’s social and ethical performance.
• It involves the participation of stakeholders, including the community, to ensure that the organization is accountable to its social and ethical obligations.
• Social audits can help in identifying the gap between the intended and actual outcomes of a social initiative.

The correct answer is It has lesser amount of humous but more of minerals generally harder and more compact.

Key Points

• The B-horizon, also known as the subsoil, contains less organic material compared to the topsoil (A-horizon).
• This layer is rich in minerals leached down from the topsoil, resulting in a higher mineral content.
• The B-horizon is typically more compact and harder than the A-horizon, making it less porous and more difficult to dig.
• It often contains accumulations of clay, iron, aluminum, and organic compounds, which have been transported from the layers above.

Additional Information

• Soil Horizons
• Soil is composed of different layers, known as horizons, each with distinct physical and chemical properties.
• The main soil horizons are O (organic matter), A (topsoil), E (eluviation layer), B (subsoil), C (parent material), and R (bedrock).
• A-Horizon (Topsoil)
• The top layer of soil, rich in organic material and microorganisms.
• It is generally soft, porous, and retains water well, making it ideal for plant growth.
• C-Horizon (Parent Material)
• Located below the B-horizon, this layer consists of weathered parent material from which the soil is formed.
• It is composed of larger rock fragments and lacks the fine particles found in the upper layers.
• Humus
• Humus is the dark, organic material in soil formed from the decomposition of plant and animal matter.
• It enhances soil fertility by improving its nutrient content and water retention capacity.

The correct answer is Threshing.

Key Points

• Threshing is the process used to separate grain seeds from their stalks.
• It involves beating the harvested crop to make the seeds fall out from the stalks.
• This process can be done manually or by using a threshing machine.
• Threshing is a crucial step in the post-harvest processing of grains to prepare them for consumption or further processing.

Additional Information

• Handpicking
• This is a manual method used to separate slightly larger impurities like stones, husk, and other undesirable materials from grains, pulses, and other similar products.
• It is suitable for small-scale operations or when the quantity of impurities is low.
• Winnowing
• Winnowing is the process of separating lighter husk particles from heavier grains by wind or blowing air.
• This technique is often used after threshing to clean the grain.
• Sieving
• Sieving is the process of separating particles of different sizes by passing them through a sieve or mesh.
• It is commonly used to separate fine particles from larger particles in flour, sand, and other materials.

Given series: 2 3 6 2 3 1 4 4 3 1 2 1 2 5 8 6 7 4 3

According to the question, such even numbers which are preceded and succeeded by an odd number:

Required condition: Even Number - Odd Number - Even Number

2 3 6 2 3 1 4 4 3 1 2 1 2 5 8 6 7 4 3

Thus, three such patterns (2 3 6, 2 1 2, 2 5 8 and 6 7 4) follow the above conditions.

Hence, "Option 1" is the correct answer.

Given:

1. The front door of Rohit's house faces the east.

2. From the back door of his house, he walks straight 50 m.

3. Then turns to the right and walks 30 m.

4. He turns towards left and walk 25 m.

5. Finally, he again turns towards left and stops after walking 70 m.

So, Rohit is in 'South-West' direction from the starting point.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)".

Given:

Seven students P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are sitting in a line facing east but not necessarily in the same order.

1. 'V' is to the immediate left of 'S' and to the immediate right of 'Q'.

2. 'P' is on the immediate right of ‘R’.

3. ‘P' and 'S' have one student between them.

4. 'Q' and 'T' have one student between them.

5. 'S' and 'U' have two students between them.

6. 'W' is at the north end.

So, 'P' is sitting at the south end.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (1)".

Using statement I:

I: In same code language, ’we are friends' is written as 'lti fer gou'.

Using this statement, We can not determine the code for "life".

Using statement II:

II: In same code language, 'friends are life' is written as 'gou lti mrt'.

Using this statement, we can not determine the code for "life".

By combining statements I and II:

I: In same code language, ’we are friends' is written as 'lti fer gou'.

II: In same code language, 'friends are life' is written as 'gou lti mrt'.

so, 'life' is coded as 'mrt'

So, both statements I and II together are necessary to answer the question.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (3)".

According to the given Venn Diagram:

The shaded areas in the diagram represent rural tax-payers are there who are neither industrious nor optimistic

So, the rural tax-payers are there who are neither industrious nor optimistic = 11.

Hence, the correct answer is *'*Option 2'.

The correct answer is Switch.

Key Points

• A switch is a networking device that connects multiple devices (such as computers) within a local area network (LAN).
• Switches operate at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model and sometimes at the network layer (Layer 3).
• They use MAC addresses to forward data to the correct destination.
• Switches are essential for creating a network where devices can communicate efficiently.
• They help in reducing network congestion and improving overall network performance.

Additional Information

• A booster is a device used to amplify signals, often used in wireless networks to extend the range of a signal.
• An HDMI splitter is used to split one HDMI signal into multiple outputs, typically for displaying video on multiple screens.
• A repeater is used to regenerate signals over long distances to prevent signal loss in both wired and wireless networks.

The correct answer is RJ45.

Key Points

• The RJ45 port is used to connect ethernet cables to a PC or Laptop.
• Ethernet cables are essential for wired networking.
• They allow computers to connect to local networks and the internet.
• The RJ45 connector is a standard type of physical connector for network cables.
• It is commonly used for ethernet networking, which is a wired way to connect devices to a network.

Additional Information

• USB ports are used for connecting various peripherals such as keyboards, mice, and storage devices.
• HDMI ports are used for transmitting audio and video signals from a device to a display.
• VGA ports are older connectors used for video output from a computer to a monitor.

The correct answer is ExaByte.

Key Points

• ExaByte is a unit of digital information storage.
• It is one of the largest units of memory measurement.
• 1 ExaByte (EB) is equal to 1,024 PetaBytes (PB).
• 1 PetaByte (PB) is equal to 1,024 TeraBytes (TB).
• 1 TeraByte (TB) is equal to 1,024 GigaBytes (GB).
• 1 GigaByte (GB) is equal to 1,024 MegaBytes (MB).
• Therefore, ExaByte is the highest capacity of memory among the given options.

Additional Information

• Memory in computing refers to devices or systems used to store information for immediate use.
• Memory is crucial for computer operations and comes in various forms like RAM (Random Access Memory) and ROM (Read-Only Memory).
• Primary memory is fast but volatile; secondary memory is slower but non-volatile.

The correct answer is pdf.

Key Points

• pdf is a document file format.
• A document file format is a format for storing documents on a computer.
• It can contain text, images, and other information.
• Some of the document file formats are DOC, DOCX, TXT, ODT, and PDF.
• A document file format is used to store and exchange documents between users and systems.

Additional Information

• A video file format is a type of file format for storing digital video data on a computer system.
• Examples of video file formats include MP4, AVI, MOV, MKV, and WMV.
• ​Video files can contain moving images and sound.
• They are used for recording and playback of visual and auditory information.
• Common uses include movies, television shows, and online streaming content.

The correct answer is Voice over Internet Protocol.

Key Points

• Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a technology that allows you to make voice calls using a broadband Internet connection instead of a regular (or analog) phone line.
• VoIP converts your voice into a digital signal that travels over the Internet.
• When calling a regular phone number, the signal is converted to a regular telephone signal before it reaches the destination.
• VoIP services can often offer more features than traditional phone services, such as call forwarding, caller ID, and voicemail.
• VoIP is often cheaper than traditional phone services, especially for long-distance and international calls.

Additional Information

• VoIP is also referred to as IP Telephony, Internet Telephony, and Broadband Telephony.
• It requires specific hardware such as an ATA (Analog Telephone Adapter), IP Phones, or computers with special software.
• VoIP services can be used in various environments such as homes, businesses, and mobile devices.
• Popular VoIP applications include Skype, WhatsApp, and Zoom.
• VoIP can also be integrated with other communication services such as video calls, messaging, and file sharing.