KVS PRT Official Paper (Held On 25 Feb 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Option (1)

Key Points

• The sentence begins with describing what a writer should have, which is "a clear mind," indicated by part (b).
• Following this, the phrase "a writer should have" (a) connects the requirement of a clear mind to the subject.
• Next, "and a good command of the language" (c) adds the second requirement for writing.
• Ending with "to write lucid prose" (d) completes the sentence by stating the purpose of having these qualities.

Therefore, the correct answer is (b), (a), (c), (d).

Additional Information

• Option 2 (b), (c), (d), (a): This option starts with "a clear mind and a good command of the language to write lucid prose a writer should have," which does not follow a logical or grammatical order.
• Option 3 (c), (d), (a), (b): This option arranges the parts as "and a good command of the language to write lucid prose a writer should have a clear mind," which is incorrect as it lacks coherence and proper structure.
• Option 4 (d), (a), (b), (c): This option incorrectly sequences the parts as "to write lucid prose a writer should have a clear mind and a good command of the language," which awkwardly places the purpose at the beginning.

The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

• The sentence is in the present tense, so the passive voice should also be in the present tense.
• The correct structure for converting to passive voice is "object + is/are + past participle + by + subject."
• In this case, "dinner" is the object, "is taken" is the correct form of the verb, and "by him" is the subject.
• Thus, the correct sentence is "Dinner is taken by him at 8 p.m. everyday."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 1.

Correct Sentence: "Dinner is taken by him at 8 p.m. everyday."

Additional Information

• Option 2: "Everyday at 8 p.m. dinner was taken by him," is incorrect because it changes the tense to past.
• Option 3: "At 8 p.m. everyday dinner was taken by him," is incorrect because it also changes the tense to past.
• Option 4: "Dinner is being taken by him at 8 p.m. everyday," is incorrect because "is being taken" implies a continuous action, which is not the case here.

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• The word "indebted" means owing gratitude for a service or favor. (ऋणी)
• Example: He was deeply indebted to his friends for their support during his difficult times.
• "To" is a preposition used to indicate the direction, destination, or recipient of something. (को/तक/के लिए)
• Example: She sent a letter to her grandmother.
• Hence, we use "indebted to" to express owing gratitude to someone.

Therefore, the correct answer is: to.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• With (के साथ): Used to indicate being together or being involved.
• Example: She went to the market with her friend.
• Towards (की ओर): In the direction of.
• Example: He walked towards the park.
• In (में): Used to indicate location or position within something.
• Example: She is in the room.

The correct answer is Option 4.

Key Points

• The sentence uses the Present Perfect Continuous tense.
• This tense form is used for actions that began in the past and are still continuing in the present.
• The phrase "have been living" indicates an ongoing action that started in the past (since independence) and continues up to the present.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Correct Sentence: "They have been living in Amritsar since independence."

Additional Information

• Present Indefinite: Used for habitual actions or general truths.
• Present Continuous: Used for actions happening right now or temporary actions.
• Present Perfect: Used for actions that happened at an unspecified time in the past and have relevance to the present.
• Present Perfect Continuous: Used for actions that started in the past and are still continuing or have recently stopped.

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• Indirect Speech: The traveller asked me which road led to the nearest inn.
• Key Conversions:
• Change of Reporting Verb:
• "said to" changes to "asked" to indicate a query.
• Change of Pronoun:
• "me" remains the same as it's the object of the sentence.
• Change of Tense:
• "leads" (present tense) changes to "led" (past tense) to match the reporting verb in the past.
• Question Formulation:
• The question word "which" remains unchanged.
• No need for auxiliary verbs like "do/does" in indirect speech; instead, the sentence structure becomes declarative.
• Punctuation and Format:
• No quotation marks are used in indirect speech.
• The sentence ends with a full stop, not a question mark.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Additional Information

• Option 1: "The traveller asked me which road led to the nearest inn ?"
• Correct apart from the punctuation. The question mark is incorrect here as indirect questions do not end with a question mark but a full stop.
• Option 3: "The traveller asked me that which road led to the nearest inn."
• Incorrect because "that" is not used with indirect questions.
• Option 4: "The traveller asked me which road is leading the nearest inn."
• Incorrect tense usage. "is leading" should be changed to "led" to reflect the past tense.

The correct answer is Option 4.

Key Points

• The primary issue in the sentence is the use of the preposition "on" instead of "at" before the term "the college."
• In English, the correct preposition to use with institutions like "college" is "at" rather than "on."
• Therefore, the correct phrase should be "at the college."
• Thus, the error is located in part 4 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 4.

Correct Sentence: "English as well as French was taught at the college."

Additional Information

• (1): "English" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• (2): "as well as French" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• (3): "was taught" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.

The correct answer is: Option 3.

Key Points

• The word "applaud" means to show approval or praise by clapping hands. (प्रशंसा करना)
• Example: The audience stood up to applaud the performers after the show.
• "Praise" refers to expressing warm approval or admiration of someone or something. (प्रशंसा)
• Example: She received praise from her teachers for her excellent performance in the exams.

Therefore, the correct answer is: Option 3.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Exaggerate (बढ़ा-चढ़ाकर कहना): Represent something as being larger, better, or worse than it really is.
• Example: He tends to exaggerate his achievements when talking to others.
• Criticise (आलोचना करना): Indicate the faults of someone or something in a disapproving way.
• Example: It’s easy to criticise others, but difficult to improve oneself.
• Worship (पूजा करना): Show reverence and adoration for a deity.
• Example: Many people worship in temples, churches, and mosques.

The correct answer is 'Option 2'

Key Points

• The word "destitute" means lacking the basic necessities of life; extremely poor. (निर्धन)
• Example: The charity helps destitute families by providing food and shelter.
• "Affluent" refers to having a great deal of money; wealthy. (धनी)
• Example: The affluent businessman donated a large sum to the local hospital.
• Hence, we can infer that the opposite of 'destitute' is 'affluent'.

Therefore, the correct answer is: affluent.

Additional Information

Here are the other options explained along with their Hindi meanings and example sentences:

• Powerful (शक्तिशाली): Having great power or strength.
• Example: The powerful storm caused widespread damage.
• Extravagant (अपव्ययी): Lacking restraint in spending money or using resources.
• Example: She made extravagant purchases at the luxury store.
• Generous (उदार): Showing a readiness to give more of something, especially money, than is strictly necessary or expected.
• Example: He is known for his generous donations to various charities.

The correct answer is: option 2. "Smoking" is a noun as it represents the act of smoking, which is a thing or concept, functioning as the subject of the sentence.

The correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points

• The underlined part "which shines all day" is a relative clause.
• A relative clause typically starts with a relative pronoun like "which," "who," or "that."
• Relative clauses function as adjectives because they describe or modify nouns.
• In this case, the clause "which shines all day" is providing more information about the noun "sun."

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 3.

विज्ञान एक ऐसी चीज बन चुका है जिसे अलादीन का चिराग कहते हैं

Key Points

• गद्यांश के अनुसार -
• सच तो यह है कि विज्ञान अलादीन का चिराग़ बन चुका है, जिससे असंभव संभव होता जा रहा है।
• संसार के प्रत्येक क्षेत्र में उसके चरण बढ़ते जा रहे हैं। वैज्ञानिक उपलब्धियों ने आज दुनिया को सबके नज़दीक ला दिया है।

Additional Informationअन्य विकल्प -

• सब स्वीकार करते हैं - गद्यांश में 'सब स्वीकार करने' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है l
• सब अपनाते हैं - गद्यांश में 'सब अपनाने' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है l
• ज्ञान का भंडार कहते हैं - गद्यांश में 'ज्ञान का भंडार' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है l

दुनिया सबके नजदीक वैज्ञानिक उपलब्धियो के माध्यम से आ गयी है।

Key Points

• गद्यांश के अनुसार -
• संसार के प्रत्येक क्षेत्र में उसके चरण बढ़ते जा रहे हैं।
• वैज्ञानिक उपलब्धियों ने आज दुनिया को सबके नज़दीक ला दिया है।
• हम कुछ ही घंटों में सारी दुनिया की परिक्रमा कर सकते हैं।

Additional Informationअन्य विकल्प -

• अध्ययन - गद्यांश में 'अध्ययन' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है l
• पुस्तकीय ज्ञान - गद्यांश में 'पुस्तकीय ज्ञान' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है l
• व्यक्तिगत श्रम - गद्यांश में 'व्यक्तिगत श्रम' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है l

दूरदर्शन के माध्यम से हम हज़ारों मील दूर की घटनाएँ तत्क्षण देख सुन सकते हैं।

Key Points

• गद्यांश के अनुसार -
• हजारों मील दूर बैठे मित्र से इच्छा होते ही तत्काल बात कर सकते हैं
• और आधुनिक तकनीक में तो फोन पर बात करते हुए उस व्यक्ति का चित्र भी देख सकते हैं।
• दूरदर्शन इस क्षमता से पूर्ण है कि हज़ारों मील दूर की घटनाएँ तत्क्षण देख सुन सकते हैं।
• यदि कालिदास का 'यक्ष' आज के युग में होता तो उसे मेघ से संदेश नहीं भिजवाना पड़ता।

Additional Informationअन्य विकल्प -

• रेडियो - गद्यांश में 'रेडियो' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है l
• समाचार पत्र - गद्यांश में 'समाचार पत्र' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है l
• दूरबीन - गद्यांश में 'दूरबीन' की चर्चा कही भी नहीं की गयी है l

'भिक्षुक को भिक्षा दे दो' वाक्य के रेखांकित शब्द में कारक है- संप्रदान

Key Points

• वाक्य - 'भिक्षुक को भिक्षा दे दो'।
• यहाँ पर भिक्षुक को भिक्षा दिया जा रहा है। अतः यह उदाहरण सम्प्रदान कारक के अंतर्गत आएगा।
• सम्प्रदान का अर्थ ‘देना’ होता है।
• जब वाक्य में किसी को कुछ दिया जाए या किसी के लिए कुछ किया जाए तो वहां पर सम्प्रदान कारक होता है।
• सम्प्रदान कारक के विभक्ति चिन्ह के लिए या को हैं।
• जैसे -
• गरीबों को खाना दो।
• माँ बेटे के लिए सेब लायी।

Important Points 

Additional Information 

वचन के आधार पर असंगत शब्द युग्म है : विद्यालय -विद्यालयों

Key Points

• '​विद्यालय' का बहुवचन 'विद्यालय' होता है।
• शब्द के जिस रूप से अनेकता का बोध हो, उसे बहुवचन कहते हैं।
• जैसे - लड़के, गायें, कपड़े, टोपियाँ, मालाएँ, माताएँ, पुस्तकें, वधुएँ, रोटियाँ, स्त्रियाँ, लताएँ, बेटे आदि।
• शब्द के जिस रूप से एक ही वस्त�� का बोध हो, उसे एकवचन कहते हैं।
• जैसे- लड़का, गाय, सिपाही, बच्चा, कपड़ा, माता, माला, पुस्तक, स्त्री, टोपी, बंदर, मोर आदि।

अन्य विकल्प -

Important Points 

Additional Information 

'कृष्ण' शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द नहीं है: कलानिधि

Key Points

• 'कृष्ण' शब्द का पर्यायवाची शब्द- ' माधव, श्याम, केशव' होगा।
• 'कृष्ण' के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द - गोपाल, द्वारकेश या द्वारकाधीश, वासुदेव, मुरारी, मधुसूदन, गोविंद, दामोदर।
• 'चंद्रमा' ​के सभी पर्यायवाची शब्द - कलानिधि, शशांक, चन्द्र, शशि, हिमकर, राकेश, रजनीश, हिमांशु, चाँद, मयंक, विधु, सुधाकर।
• पर्यायवाची - ऐसे शब्द जिनके अर्थ समान हों, पर्यायवाची शब्द कहलाते हैं।

Additional Information कुछ महत्वपूर्ण पर्यायवाची शब्द -

विलोमार्थी शब्द-युग्मों में असंगत है: निर्माण - विनिर्माण

Key Points

• 'निर्माण' शब्द का विलोम शब्द 'विनाश' होगा।
• 'निर्माण' शब्द का अर्थ - बनाना, रचना।
• 'विनाश' शब्द का अर्थ - बर्बाद, नाश, ध्वंस।
• विलोम - एक-दूसरे के विपरीत या उल्टा अर्थ देने वाले शब्दों को, विलोम शब्द कहते है।
• 'विनिर्माण' शब्द का अर्थ - मशीनों, औजारों और श्रम का उपयोग करके सामान बनाने की क्रिया को विनिर्माण कहते हैं।

अन्य विकल्प-

Additional Information कुछ अन्य महत्वपूर्ण विलोम शब्द -

लिंग के आधार पर असंगत शब्द-युग्म है : सिंह -  सिंहिनी

Key Points

• 'सिंह' एक पुल्लिंग शब्द है, जिसका स्त्रीलिंग शब्द 'सिंहनी' होगा।
• जिन संज्ञा या सर्वनाम शब्दों से पुरुष जाति का बोध होता है, उन्हें पुल्लिंग कहा जाता है।
• जैसे- पिता, दादा, नाना, मामा, चाचा, बच्चा, बन्दर आदि।
• जिन संज्ञा या सर्वनाम शब्दों से स्त्री जाति का बोध होता है, उन्हें स्त्रीलिंग कहा जाता है।
• जैसे-​ चिड़िया, बकरी, बच्ची, नानी, दादी, मासी, माता आदि।

अन्य विकल्प -

Important Points 

Additional Information 

• कुछ संज्ञाएँ हमेशा पुल्लिंग रहती है-
• मण्डल, समाज, दल, समूह, वर्ग, जूता, रस्सा, लोटा, चीता, मच्छर, पक्षी आदि।
• कुछ संज्ञाएँ हमेशा स्त्रीलिंग रहती है- 
• भीड़, सेना, कक्षा, मक्खी, सन्तान, कोयल, कुरान, रामायण, देवनागरी आदि।

'छोटे मुँह बड़ी बात' लोकोक्ति का सटीक अभिप्राय है : अपनी हैसियत से बढ़कर बात कहना

Key Points

• 'छोटे मुँह बड़ी बात' का अर्थ - अपनी हैसियत से बढ़कर बात कहना,
• वाक्य प्रयोग - यदि मैं यह कहूँ कि हमारी यह नीति इस घर को ले डूबेगी तो "छोटा मुँह बड़ी बात होगी"।
• लोकोक्ति - जब कोई पूरा कथन किसी प्रसंग विशेष में उद्धत किया जाता है, लोकोक्ति कहलाता है। इसी को कहावत कहते है।
• जैसे - 'तन पर नहीं लत्ता पान खाए अलबत्ता' का अर्थ - झूठी शान दिखाना
• वाक्य प्रयोग - ​ बेरोजगारी में धूल फांक रहे हो पर झूठ बोलने में कम नहीं हो। "तन पर नहीं लत्ता पान खाए अलबत्ता"।

Additional Information 

'दरवाजे पर कोई आया है' वाक्य के रेखांकित अंश में सर्वनाम है : अनिश्चयवाचक

Key Points

• वाक्य - दरवाजे पर कोई आया है।
• यहाँ ‘कोई’ व्यक्ति और वस्तु का अनिश्चित बोध कराने वाले अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम होते हैं।
• जिन सर्वनाम शब्दों से वस्तु, व्यक्ति, स्थान आदि की निश्चितता का बोध नही होता, वे अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम कहलाते हैं।
• इसके सर्वनाम के अंतर्गत ‘कोई’ और ‘कुछ’ आते हैं।
• जैसे - कोई आ रहा है। वह कुछ देख रहा है।

Important Points सर्वनाम के छ: भेद होते हैं -

1. पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम
2. निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम
3. अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम
4. सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम
5. प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम
6. निजवाचक सर्वनाम।

Additional Information 

The correct answer is Promotion of international peace.

Key Points

• The Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP) are guidelines for the framing of laws by the government.
• The DPSPs are contained in Part IV (Articles 36-51) of the Indian Constitution.
• Promotion of international peace and security is outlined in Article 51 of the Indian Constitution.
• The Directive Principles aim to create social and economic conditions under which the citizens can lead a good life.

Additional Information

• Directive Principles of State Policy (DPSP)
• The DPSPs are non-justiciable, meaning they are not enforceable by the courts for their violation.
• They are fundamental in the governance of the country and it is the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws.
• The principles have been inspired by the Directive Principles given in the Constitution of Ireland and also by the principles of Gandhism.
• Article 51 - Promotion of international peace and security
• This article directs the State to promote international peace and security.
• It aims to maintain just and honorable relations between nations.
• It encourages the respect for international law and treaty obligations.
• The article also advocates for settlement of international disputes by arbitration.
• Abjuring of Violence
• This is not a Directive Principle but rather a moral obligation for individuals and the State.
• It is more aligned with the Gandhian principles of non-violence.
• Development of the Scientific Temper
• This is mentioned in Article 51A (Fundamental Duties) of the Constitution.
• It is the duty of every citizen to develop a scientific temper, humanism, and the spirit of inquiry and reform.
• Respecting the National Anthem
• This is also listed under Article 51A (Fundamental Duties).
• It is the duty of every citizen to respect the National Anthem and the National Flag.

The correct answer is Sikkim.

Key Points

• Sikkim has the lowest Total Fertility Rate (TFR) in India, with a TFR of 1.1 children per woman according to the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) 2019-21.
• The low TFR in Sikkim is attributed to high literacy rates and better healthcare facilities.
• Effective family planning programs and greater awareness about reproductive health contribute to the low fertility rate in the state.
• Sikkim's emphasis on women's education and empowerment has also played a crucial role in reducing the fertility rate.

Additional Information

• Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
• TFR is the average number of children that would be born to a woman over her lifetime.
• A TFR of about 2.1 children per woman is considered the replacement rate, which is the level at which a population exactly replaces itself from one generation to the next, without migration.
• TFR is a crucial indicator for understanding population growth and demographic trends in a region.
• National Family Health Survey (NFHS)
• The NFHS is a large-scale survey conducted in a representative sample of households throughout India.The survey gathers data on a wide range of health and family welfare indicators, including fertility, infant and child mortality, maternal and child health, and nutrition.
• The NFHS is conducted by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, with the International Institute for Population Sciences (IIPS) serving as the nodal agency.
• Importance of Low TFR
• A low TFR can help in stabilizing the population, which can ease the pressure on resources and public services.
• It can contribute to economic growth by reducing the dependency ratio, i.e., the ratio of non-working to working individuals in the population.
• Lower fertility rates are often associated with higher levels of education and economic development.
• Factors Influencing TFR
• Education: Higher levels of education, particularly among women, are associated with lower fertility rates.
• Healthcare: Improved healthcare facilities and access to family planning services can reduce fertility rates.
• Economic Development: Economic development and urbanization typically lead to lower fertility rates.
• Cultural and Social Norms: Cultural and social norms also play a significant role in determining family size and fertility rates.

The correct answer is The German Parliament.

Key Points

• The Reichstag is the building that houses the Bundestag, which is the lower house of Germany's national legislature.
• The original Reichstag building was completed in 1894 and served as the seat of the Reichstag of the German Empire until 1933.
• The building was heavily damaged by arson in 1933 and by Allied bombing during World War II.
• It was fully restored and modernized in the 1990s and now features a glass dome to symbolize transparency in government.

Additional Information

• Treaty of Versailles
• The Treaty of Versailles was one of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end.
• It was signed on June 28, 1919, exactly five years after the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand.
• The treaty required Germany to accept responsibility for causing the war and to make substantial territorial concessions and reparations.
• Nazi Concentration Camps
• These were camps established by the Nazi regime and managed by the SS to detain and exterminate Jews, political prisoners, and other groups considered undesirable by the Nazis.
• Notable concentration camps include Auschwitz, Dachau, and Treblinka.
• German Armed Forces Headquarters
• This refers to the command center for the Bundeswehr, the unified armed forces of Germany.
• It is responsible for the operational command and control of the German military forces.

The correct answer is Jhum cultivation.

Key Points

• Jhum cultivation is a traditional method of agriculture practiced in the northeastern states of India.
• It involves clearing a piece of land by slashing and burning the vegetation.
• The cleared land is then used for growing crops for a few years until the soil loses its fertility.
• After that, the land is left fallow, and the farmers move to a new area to repeat the process.

Additional Information

• Slash and burn agriculture
• It is also known as shifting cultivation, swidden agriculture, or fire-fallow cultivation.
• This method is often practiced in tropical rainforests where the soil is not very fertile.
• Burning the vegetation adds nutrients to the soil, but this fertility is usually short-lived.
• It is considered unsustainable due to soil degradation and deforestation.
• Jhum cultivation in India
• Predominantly practiced in states like Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland, and Tripura.
• It is a part of the cultural heritage of many indigenous tribes in these regions.
• Government initiatives are being taken to promote more sustainable agricultural practices.
• Environmental impact
• Leads to deforestation and loss of biodiversity.
• Can cause soil erosion and decrease in soil fertility over time.
• Alternatives like terrace farming and agroforestry are being promoted to mitigate these effects.

The correct answer is Option 1.

Key Points

• The Bharat Ratna is not unlimited in a year.
• As per official rules, a maximum of three Bharat Ratna awards can be given in one year.
• This restriction is meant to preserve the dignity and exclusiveness of the award.
• Therefore, the statement “There is no restriction on the number of annual awards” is incorrect.

Additional Information

• Bharat Ratna
• The Bharat Ratna is the highest civilian award in India. It was instituted in 1954 by the first President of India, Dr. Rajendra Prasad.
• There is no formal provision that the Bharat Ratna should be awarded to Indian citizens only. The award has been given to some eminent non-Indians.
• The recommendations for the Bharat Ratna are made by the Prime Minister to the President of India. The number of annual awards is restricted to a maximum of three in a particular year.
• The award does not carry any monetary grant. The recipients receive a certificate (Sanad) signed by the President of India and a medallion in the form of a Peepal leaf.

The correct answer is Haryana.

Key Points

• Haryana won the Indian Olympic Association's Best State Trophy in the National games held in Gujarat in 2022.
• Haryana is known for producing top athletes in sports like wrestling, boxing, and weightlifting.
• Haryana's athletes have consistently performed well in national and international competitions, contributing significantly to India's medal tally.
• The state has a robust sports infrastructure and various schemes to support and nurture young talent in sports.

Additional Information

• Indian Olympic Association (IOA)
• The IOA is the governing body for the Olympic Movement and Commonwealth Games in India.
• It was established in 1927 and is affiliated with the International Olympic Committee (IOC).
• The IOA is responsible for selecting athletes to represent India in various international competitions, including the Olympics, Asian Games, and Commonwealth Games.
• The association also works to promote and develop sports in India at the grassroots level.
• National Games of India
• The National Games are a multi-sport event held in India, modeled after the Olympic Games.
• They are organized by the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) and feature participation from athletes representing various states and union territories of India.
• The objective of the National Games is to identify and nurture sporting talent in the country.
• The games cover a wide range of sports, including athletics, swimming, shooting, wrestling, and more.
• Sports Infrastructure in Haryana
• Haryana has invested significantly in building sports infrastructure, including stadiums, training centers, and sports academies.
• The state government provides various incentives and scholarships to budding athletes to encourage participation in sports.
• Haryana has produced numerous athletes who have represented India in international competitions and brought laurels to the country.
• The state has a focused approach towards the development of sports, with special emphasis on wrestling, boxing, and weightlifting.

The correct answer is Sachitram Prahelikasatkam (Abhinavsanskrit Prahelikah).

Key Points

• Sachitram Prahelikasatkam is a Sanskrit book that was awarded the Sahitya Akademi Bal Sahitya Puraskar in 2022.
• The book is recognized for its contribution to children's literature in the Sanskrit language.
• The Sahitya Akademi Bal Sahitya Puraskar is an award given by the Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, to outstanding children's literature.
• The book features a collection of riddles and puzzles (Prahelikas) designed to engage and entertain young readers while promoting the Sanskrit language.

Additional Information

• Sahitya Akademi
• The Sahitya Akademi is India's National Academy of Letters, established in 1954 by the Government of India.
• It aims to promote and preserve the literature of all Indian languages.
• The Akademi presents annual awards to outstanding works of literary merit in 24 Indian languages.
• It also organizes literary events, workshops, and seminars to promote literary activities across the country.
• Sahitya Akademi Bal Sahitya Puraskar
• The Sahitya Akademi Bal Sahitya Puraskar is an annual award that recognizes exceptional works of children's literature in various Indian languages.
• It was instituted in 2010 to encourage and honor writers contributing to children's literature.
• The award includes a plaque and a cash prize.
• The selection is made by a jury of literary experts who evaluate the submissions based on literary merit and contribution to children's literature.
• Sanskrit Language
• Sanskrit is an ancient Indo-Aryan language and the classical language of India.
• It is the liturgical language of Hinduism, Buddhism, and Jainism.
• Sanskrit has a rich literary tradition with numerous texts in various genres, including poetry, drama, and philosophy.
• Efforts are ongoing to revive and promote the use of Sanskrit in contemporary contexts, including children's literature.

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

• The first Kisan Rail was flagged off from Sangola (Maharashtra) to Shalimar (West Bengal).
• These trains are multi-commodity, multi-consignor/consignee services.
• These trains are used for the transportation of perishable agriculture/horticulture products.
• The routes for Kisan Rails are decided based on the demand received from farmers and other stakeholders.

Additional Information

• Kisan Rail Scheme
• The Kisan Rail Scheme was introduced by the Indian government to facilitate the transportation of perishable agricultural and horticultural products.
• It aims to ensure that farmers can access wider markets, thus reducing wastage and enhancing their income.
• These trains are designed to carry multiple commodities from multiple consignors to multiple consignees.
• The scheme is particularly beneficial for small farmers who need efficient logistics for their perishable produce.
• First Kisan Rail
• The first Kisan Rail was launched on August 7, 2020, from Devlali in Maharashtra to Danapur in Bihar.
• It was an initiative to streamline the supply chain for perishable goods across different states.
• Transportation of Perishable Goods
• Perishable goods include fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and other items that require timely delivery to maintain their quality.
• Efficient transportation systems like the Kisan Rail help in reducing post-harvest losses.
• Demand-Based Route Planning
• The routes for Kisan Rails are planned based on the demand from farmers and other stakeholders.
• This ensures that the service is utilized optimally, benefiting the maximum number of farmers.

The correct answer is Sandy soil.

Key Points

• Sandy soil is known for its large particles which create space between them, making it light and well-aerated.
• It has a high drainage capacity, leading to quick drying after rainfall or irrigation.
• Due to its coarse texture, sandy soil is less likely to retain moisture, making it dry most of the time.
• Sandy soil is typically found in arid and semi-arid regions and is often used for growing plants that require good drainage, such as cacti and succulents.

Additional Information

• Clayey soil
• Composed of very fine particles, clayey soil is dense and heavy.
• It has poor drainage and tends to retain water, leading to waterlogging.
• Clayey soil is rich in nutrients but difficult to work with due to its compact nature.
• Loamy soil
• Loamy soil is a balanced mixture of sand, silt, and clay particles.
• It is fertile, has good drainage, and retains moisture well, making it ideal for agriculture.
• Loamy soil is easy to work with and supports a wide variety of plants.
• Soil Aeration
• Aeration refers to the process of introducing air into the soil, which is crucial for root respiration and microbial activity.
• Well-aerated soils are essential for healthy plant growth.
• Soil Moisture
• Soil moisture is the amount of water contained in the soil.
• It is critical for plant growth as it influences nutrient uptake and microbial activity.
• Sandy soils have low moisture retention, while clayey soils have high moisture retention.

The correct answer is (B) and (D) are correct.

Key Points

• Carrot is a root vegetable.
• Its root is a tap root (primary root that grows vertically downward).
• The tap root enlarges and stores food, making it a storage root.
• It is not fibrous or aerial.

Additional Information

• Tap Root:
• A tap root system features a primary root that grows vertically downward and gives rise to smaller lateral roots.
• Examples include carrots, dandelions, and beets.
• Fibrous Root:
• This root system consists of many small roots that spread out from the base of the stem, forming a dense network.
• Common in monocots like grasses, wheat, and rice.
• Aerial Root:
• Aerial roots grow above the ground and are typically found in certain tropical and subtropical plants.
• Examples include orchids, mangroves, and banyan trees.
• Storage Root:
• Storage roots are modified roots that store nutrients and water for the plant.
• Examples include carrots, sweet potatoes, and radishes.

Given series: 1 2 3 3 2 1 4 2 3 1 4 2 2 3 3 1 4 1

According to the question, such even numbers which are preceded and succeeded by an odd number:

Required condition: Odd Number - Even Number - Odd Number

1 2 3 3 2 1 4 2 3 1 4 2 2 3 3 1 4 1

Thus, there are three such even numbers which are preceded and succeeded by an odd number.

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

Given:

Rohit walks 50 metres North,

then turns right and walks 30 metres,

then again turns right and walks 15 metres.

He then again turns right and walks 70 metres.

Finally, he turns left and walks 60 metres. 

Thus, Rohit is to the southwest of starting point.

Hence, "Option 4" is the correct answer.

Given: P, Q, R, S, T, U, V and W are sitting in a line facing North.

1) There are three persons between 'Q' and 'W'.

2. ‘W’ is on the immediate right of 'S' 'Q is on the immediate left of 'T. 

3) 'P' and 'Q' are not at the ends.

Case 1)

Case 2)

Case 3)

Case 4)

Case 5)

4) 'V' is second to the left of 'W'.

5) ‘R’ is on the immediate right of 'U'.

As there is no possible position for V in case 4, therefore is eliminated.

Case 1)

Case 2)

Case 3)

Case 5)

6) 'P' is adjacent to 'U'

7) ‘R’ is on the immediate right of 'U'.

As there is no possible position for P in case 1, 2, 3, therefore is eliminated.

Case 5)

Thus, according to the final arrangement, V is at the left end of the line.

Hence, "Option 2" is the correct answer.

Given: In a certain code language, they are honest' is written as 'ra de si'

Statements:

I: In the same code language, 'you are lucky' is written as 'si na to'.

Here, code for 'are' is 'si', thus statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.

II: In the same code language, 'roses are red’ is written as 'mo si lu'.

Here, code for 'are' is 'si', thus statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.

Thus, Either statement I or statement II alone are sufficient to answer the question.

Hence, "Option 3" is the correct answer.

According to the given Venn diagram:

The shaded region represents the number of urban persons who are educated and tactful but not hard working.

So, the number of urban persons who are educated and tactful but not hard working → 14

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct answer is Ethernet Port.

Key Points

• An Ethernet port is used for wired internet connections.
• Smartphones typically do not have Ethernet ports as they rely on Wi-Fi or mobile data for internet connectivity.
• Other aspects like internal memory, camera pixels, and the operating system are crucial for smartphone performance and user experience.

Additional Information

• Internal Memory: Essential for storing apps, photos, videos, and other data.
• Camera Pixels: Important for photography and video recording quality.
• Operating System: Determines the user interface and compatibility with apps.

The correct answer is HDMI.

Key Points

• HDMI stands for High-Definition Multimedia Interface.
• HDMI is a proprietary audio/video interface for transmitting uncompressed video data and compressed or uncompressed digital audio data from an HDMI-compliant source device to a compatible computer monitor, video projector, digital television, or digital audio device.
• It is widely used for connecting devices like PCs, laptops, gaming consoles, and TVs for high-quality audio and video output.

Additional Information

• USB (Universal Serial Bus) is mainly used for data transfer and peripheral connections.
• PS2 is an old standard for connecting keyboards and mice.
• VGA (Video Graphics Array) is an older standard for video output, not supporting audio transmission.

The correct answer is Quickheal.

Key Points

• Quickheal is an Antivirus Software.
• Antivirus software is designed to detect, prevent, and take action to disarm or remove malicious software programs, such as viruses and worms.
• It can also protect your computer from other threats like trojans, spyware, and adware.
• Some of the popular antivirus software include Norton, McAfee, Kaspersky, Quickheal.
• Antivirus software typically runs in the background to provide real-time protection against threats.

Additional Information

• An application software like Acrobat Reader is used to view, create, manipulate, print, and manage files in Portable Document Format (PDF).
• Examples of other application software include word processors, spreadsheets, and media players.
• Database management systems (DBMS) like MySQL are used to store, retrieve, and manage data in databases.
• They provide an interface for users to create and manage databases.

The correct answer is xlsx.

Key Points

• xlsx is the file extension of an Excel file.
• Excel files are spreadsheet files created using Microsoft Excel, a widely used spreadsheet software. 
• They can contain data in tabular form, charts, graphs, and other data visualization elements.
• The xlsx format is the default file format for Excel workbooks created in Excel 2007 and later.
• It is a type of file format that uses the Open XML standard, which allows for smaller file sizes and improved data recovery.

Additional Information

• Other common file extensions for Excel files include:
• xltx: Template file for Excel spreadsheets.
• xls: The default file format for Excel workbooks created in Excel 97-2003.
• ​Excel allows users to perform complex calculations, data analysis, and visualization.
• It is widely used in business, finance, research, and education for managing and analyzing data.

The correct answer is MS Word.

Key Points

• MS Word is a word processing application and not a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS).
• RDBMS (Relational Database Management System) is a type of database management system (DBMS) that stores data in a structured format, using rows and columns.
• Examples of RDBMS include:
• MS SQL Server
• MySQL
• IBM DB2
• RDBMSs are used for managing and storing large amounts of structured data and allowing for complex queries and data manipulation.

Additional Information

• MS Word is primarily used for creating, editing, and formatting text documents.
• It provides various features such as spell check, grammar check, text formatting, and document collaboration tools.
• MS Word is a part of the Microsoft Office Suite and is widely used in both professional and personal settings.