KVS Librarian 23 Dec 2018 Official Paper (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is option (1) one who can not pay one's debts.

Key Points

• The given word insolvent means unable to pay debts as they fall due in the usual course of business (ऋण का भुगतान करने में असमर्थ क्योंकि वे व्यवसाय के सामान्य पाठ्यक्रम में देय हैं)
• Example - He is not paying installments as his company has gone insolvent last year.

Thus, the correct answer is option (1) one who cannot pay one's debts.

Additional Information

• The synonyms of insolvent are bankrupt, indebted and strapped.
• The antonyms of insolvent are rich, solvent and wealthy.

The correct answer is option (2) one who changes one's party

Key Points

• The given word  turncoat means one who switches to an opposing side or party (वह जो विरोधी पक्ष या पार्टी में शामिल हो जाता है)
• Example - My Twitter account blew up with people calling me a traitor, a turncoat, and worse.

Thus, the correct answer is option (2) one who changes one's party.

Additional Information 

• The synonyms of turncoat are defector, deceiver and snitch.
• The antonyms of turncoat is adherent.

The correct answer is option (2) Rough

Key Points

• The given word dainty means something elegant, delicious to the taste or pleasing (स्वाद के लिए कुछ स्वादिष्ट,सुरुचिपूर्ण  या मनभावन)
• Example - Her hair was decorated with dainty pink flowers.
• The word rough means marked by inequalities, ridges, or projections on the surface (असमानताओं, लकीरों या अनुमानों द्वारा चिह्नित​)
• Example - He is a soldier, he has to be rough and tough.

Thus, the correct answer is option (2) Rough.

Additional Information

The meaning of other words is: -

• long- extending for a considerable distance (काफी दूरी तक विस्तारित)
• simple- free from vanity (घमंड से मुक्त)
• nice- pleasing, agreeable (सुखद, सहमत)

The correct answer is 'greater than that of any other city'.

Key Points

• The error lies in the usage of 'greater than any other city' instead of 'greater than that of any other city'.
• Here, we are comparing the population of London i.e one of its attributes with the population of England that's why we use that of along with the comparative degree of adjective(greater) and the conjunction than.
• We usually use 'than' when we compare two objects or people directly.
• For example:- My camera is better than your camera (or, than yours).
• But we usually use 'than that of'/ 'than those of' when we compare not the objects but the attributes or qualities of those objects.
• For example:-  The colour of my camera is brighter than that of yours.
• By referring to the above explanation and the context of the given sentence, it can be concluded that greater than that of any other city is the appropriate option to be chosen as the best expression for improving the underlined part of the given sentence.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: The population of London is greater than that of any other city in England.

The correct answer is 'would react'.

Key Points 

• The error lies in the usage of 'will react' instead of 'would react'.
• Here, in the given sentence type 2 conditional form of the sentence is used.
• Type 2 conditional form of the sentence:- In a type 2 conditional sentence, the tense in the "if" clause is the simple past, and the tense in the main clause is the present conditional or the present continuous conditional.
• For example:- If it rained, you would get wet.
• By referring to the above explanation and the context of the given sentence, it can be concluded that would react is the appropriate option to be chosen as the best expression for improving the underlined part of the given sentence.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

 

Correct Sentence: You did not know how he would react.

The correct answer is 'under all conditions'.

Key Points        

• Through thick and thin means under all circumstances, no matter how difficult.(सुख दुःख में)
• ​For example:  My thanks go to all the industrialists in the area who have remained, through thick and thin—and there have been some very difficult times.
• By referring to the above explanation, it can be concluded that under all conditions is the appropriate option to be chosen as the best expression which describes the word.

Hence, the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is 'confusion'.

Key Points   

• Disarray means a state of disorganization or untidiness.( उलट पलट ,अव्यवस्था)
• For example:- Ever since the oil crisis, the industry has been in (a state of) disarray.
• Confusion means uncertainty about what is happening, intended, or required.(भ्रम, कशमकश)
• For example:- There is still some confusion as to the time of the meeting.
• From the above points, it is clear that confusion is similar in meaning to the word disarray.

Therefore, correct answer is Option 1. 

Additional Information 

• The meaning of the other given words are as follows:-
• Discussion - the action or process of talking about something in order to reach a decision or to exchange ideas.(वाद विवाद)
• Arrangement- the action, process, or result of arranging or being arranged.(क्रम बद्धता)
• Disregard - pay no attention to; ignore.(अनादर )

The correct answer is 'do not know'.

Key Points 

• The error lies in the usage of 'do not know' instead of 'does not know' in the 2nd segment of the given sentence.
• In the given sentence, we are talking about a large number of people who don't know about their own good deeds.
• Many a(formal) phrase is used with a singular noun and verb to mean 'a large number of'.
• For example:-  Many a good man has been destroyed by drink.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: Many a man does not know his own good deeds.

The correct answer is 'had left'.

Key Points

• In the given sentence two events happened in the past are relatively stated.
• In such sentences, the event happened earlier in the past needs to be written in Past Perfect Tense and the event happened later in the past needs to be written in Simple Past tense.
• Past Perfect Tense: The past perfect refers to a time earlier than before now.
• It is used to make it clear that one event happened before another in the past.
• Structure:
• Subject + had ( auxilary verb- have ) + V3 ( third form of main verb – past participle ) + Object.
• For example:-   Daniel had left by the time Erica got to his house .
• Simple past tense is the verb tense that refers to an action that has already happened and is complete.
• Structure of the sentence:- Subject + V2 + Object + time phrase.
• For example:- My brother saw a movie yesterday.
• Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

 

Correct Sentence: When I reached the station the train had left.

The correct answer is 'had completed'.

Key Points

• The tense used in the given sentence is in Past tense form.
• Simple past tense is the verb tense that refers to an action that has already happened and is complete.
• Structure of the sentence:- Subject + V2 + Object + time phrase.
• For example:- My brother saw a movie yesterday.
• Here, in the given sentence 1st segment is written in simple past tense, thus the 2nd segment of the sentence should be in the same form.
• As only in option 4 the sentence is in past tense form.
• Thus, it should be the appropriate option to be chosen as the correct answer.

Correct Sentence: *He told me that he had completed his work.*​

'उग्र' शब्द का उपयुक्त विपरीतार्थ शब्द सौम्य होगा।

• उग्र शब्द के अन्य अर्थ - प्रचण्ड, उत्कट, तेज, महादेव, तीव्र, विकट आदि।
• सौम्य शब्द के अर्थ -  नाजुक, नरम, सौम्य, मुलायम आदि।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

Additional Informationविलोम शब्द -  विलोम का अर्थ होता है ‘विपरीत’ या 'उल्टा' शब्द।

जो एक दूसरे का उल्टा अर्थ देने वाले शब्दों को विलोम शब्द कहते है।

"आज आपके काम के घंटों की सीमा निर्धारित कर दी गई  वाक्य में प्रयुक्त क्रियाविशेषण पद आज है। 

• क्रियाविशेषण पदबंध - जब कई पद मिलकर क्रियाविशेषण पद का कार्य करते हैं, तो उसे क्रियाविशेषण या अव्यय पदबंध कहा जाता है, इस पदबंध का अंतिम शब्द अव्यय होता है।
• इस पदबंध का अंतिम शब्द अव्यय होता है।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेशण - 

आपके - सर्वनाम पदबन्ध।  

घंटों की - क्रिया पदबन्ध।  

काम के - कर्म।

Additional Information

पदबन्ध - कई पदों के योग से बने वाक्यांशो को, जो एक ही पद का काम करता है, 'पदबंध' कहते है।

मुख्य पद के आधार पर पदबंध के पाँच प्रकार होते है

निम्नलिखित काव्य पंक्तियों में मुख्यतः उपमा अलंकार का प्रयोग दिखाई देता है।

उपमा अलंकार - जब एक वस्तु या प्राणी की तुलना अत्यंत समानता के कारण किसी अन्य प्रसिद्ध वस्तु या प्राणी से की जाती है, वहां उपमा अलंकार होता है।

उदाहरण - 

लघु सुरधनु- से पंख पसारे

शीतल मलय समीर सहारे।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

Additional Information अलंकार - 

• अलंकार का शाब्दिक अर्थ होता है कि आभूषण, यह दो शब्दों से मिलकर बन��ा है-अलम + कार।
• जिस प्रकार स्त्री की शोभा आभूषणों से होती है उसी प्रकार काव्य की शोभा अलंकार से होती है।
• अर्थात् जो शब्द वाक्यांश को अलंकृत करें वह अलंकार कहलाता है।

उपर्युक्त वाक्य "तुम्हारी विद्वता की सब प्रशंसा करते हैं में रेखांकित पद संज्ञा है।

• संज्ञा - किसी जाति, द्रव्य, गुण, भाव, व्यक्ति, स्थान और क्रिया आदि के नाम को संज्ञा कहते है।
• पशु (जाति), सुन्दरता (गुण), व्यथा (भाव), मोहन (व्यक्ति), दिल्ली (स्थान), मारना (क्रिया) आदि ।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

मूलपत्र पर ही लिखा गया हो कथन टिप्पण' के बारे में सत्य नहीं है। 

• कोई भी टिप्पण मूलपत्र  पर नहीं लिखा जाना चाहिए। उसके लिए कोई अन्य कागज या बफ-शीट का प्रयोग करना चाहिए।
• टिप्पण -  सरकारी कार्यालयों में कार्य सम्पादन का एक माध्यम है।
• कार्यालयों में आए हुए विचारधीन पत्रों को निपटाने के लिए लिपिक अथवा अधिकारियों के द्वारा पूर्व सन्दर्भ, वर्तमान तथ्य और आवश्यक सुझावों का उल्लेख करते हुए अधिकारी के अन्तिम निर्णय लेने की दिशा में दी गई अभ्युक्तियाँ टिप्पण कहलाती है।

Key Pointsटिप्पण लेखक लिपिक / सहायक / कार्यालय अधीक्षक के नाम के आद्यक्षर बाई ओर हो, विचाराधीन विषय के निस्तारण से संबंधित सभी बातों का संक्षिप्त उल्लेख हो तथा संक्षिप्त हो ये अभी विकल्प टिप्पण लिखने के अंतर्गत आते है। 

टिप्पण लिखते समय ध्यान देने योग्य बाते - 

• उसे यथासम्भव संक्षिप्त और सुस्पष्ट होना चाहिए।
• टिप्पण में यदि किसी पत्र का खण्डन करना हो, तो वह बहुत ही शिष्ट और संयत भाषा में किया जाना चाहिए
• टिप्पण लिखने के बाद लिपिक या सहायक को नीचे बाई ओर अपना हस्ताक्षर करना चाहिए।
• दाई ओर का स्थान उच्च अधिकारियों के हस्ताक्षर के लिए छोड़ देना चाहिए।

भारतीय संविधान के अनुसार हिंदी है - 

• भारत : की राज भाषा
• 14 सितम्बर सन् 1949 को हिन्दी को भारत की राजभाषा स्वीकारा गया।
• राजभाषा का शाब्दिक अर्थ - राज काज की भाषा है।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

• राज्य भाषा का अर्थ - राज्य की भाषा।
• राष्ट्र भाषा का अर्थ - समस्त राष्ट्र में प्रयुक्त भाषा।
• संपर्क भाषा का अर्थ - लोक बोली अथवा सामान्य बोली।

Additional Information

• भारतीय संविधान के भाग-17 के अनुसार हिंदी राजभाषा है।
• संविधान के भाग-17 में अनुच्छेद-343 से 351 तक राजभाषा से संबंधित प्रावधान किए गए है।

अनुस्वार के बारे में कथन अनुस्वार स्वर और व्यंजन के बीच आने वाली नासिक्य ध्वनि है।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

हिंदी की लिपि देवनागरी है।

• देवनागरी लिपि का विकास ब्राम्ही लिपि से ही हुआ है।
• देवनागरी लिपि बाएं से दायें लिखी जाती है।
• देवनागरी लिपि से ही संस्कृत मराठी नेपाली गुजराती आदि भाषाओं का विकास हुआ है।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण - 

Additional Information किसी भाषा को जिन ध्वनि संकेतों के माध्यम स��� लिखा जाता है, उन ध्वनि-संकेतों को उस भाषा की लिपि कहते है।

मत्स्यगंधा नाटक जयशंकर प्रसाद द्वारा रचित नहीं है।

• मत्स्यगंधा नाटक उदयशंकर भट्ट द्वारा रचित है।
• उदयशंकर भट्ट का जन्म वर्ष 1898 मे उत्तर प्रदेश के इटावा जिले मे हुआ था।
• 1931 मे इनका पहला काव्य संग्रह तक्षशिला प्रकाशित हुआ था
• उदयशंकर भट्ट के अन्य नाटक -
• नहुष निपात, एकला चलो रे, आदिम युग, धूमशिखा आदि है।

Key Pointsअन्य सभी विकल्प के नाटक स्कंदगुप्त(1928), चंद्रगुप्त(1931) तथा कामना(1924) जयशंकर प्रसाद द्वारा रचित है। 

जयशंकर प्रसाद की अन्य कृतियाँ तथा उनके प्रकाशन वर्ष - 

कामायनी (1936), छाया (1912), लहर (1933), आंधी (1931) आदि।  

Additional Informationउदयशंकर भट्ट एक सुप्रसिद्ध लेखक व कवि थे। 

• उदयशंकर भट्ट द्वारा रचित उपन्यास -
• वह जो मैंने देखा, नए मोड़, सागर, लहरें आदि है।

कबीरदास की गणना सगुण भक्तिधारा के कवियों में नहीं होती। 

कबीरदास-

• भक्तिकाल की निर्गुण काव्यधारा के प्रमुख कवि है।
• इनका शिष्य धर्मदास था।
• धर्मदास ने कबीर की वाणी का संग्रह बीजक पुस्तक में किया।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्पों के कवि सूरदास, तुलसीदास, हरिदास इन सभी कवियों की गणना सगुण भक्तिधारा के कवियों में होती है। 

सगुण भक्तिधारा - इस काव्य धारा की दो शाखाएँ है -

• कृष्णाश्रयी - इसके प्रतिनिधि कवि सूरदास है।
• रामाश्रयी  - इसके प्रतिनिधि कवि तुलसीदास है।

कुछ सगुण भक्तिधारा के कवियों द्वारा रचित काव्य कृतियाँ  -

The correct answer is The Election Commission of India.

Key Points

• The Election Commission of India is not a statutory commission set up by a law of Parliament
• A statutory body or authority means a non-constitutional body that is set up by a parliament.
• Statutory bodies are authorized to pass the law and take the decision on the behalf of state or country.
• The statutory body has official permission for Legislation i.e process of enacting laws.
• Cabinet resolution should be passed to establish this body.
• List of some important Statutory Bodies
• National Commission for Minorities.
• Armed Forces Tribunal.
• National Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission.
• National Law Commission.
• National Commission for Women.
• National Human Rights Commission.
• National Green Tribunal.

Important Points

• The Election Commission of India is a constitutional body.
• A Constitutional body is a body or institute established by the Constitution of India.
• Constitutional bodies derive their powers and authorities from the Constitution of India. They are mentioned in the Constitution.
• The Election Commission of India is a Constitutional Body created under Article 324 of the Constitution of India.
• It is an autonomous constitutional authority of India which is responsible for administering election processes in India.
• Election to Parliament, State legislatures, the office of President, and VP shall be vested in the Election Commission.
• The Election Commission shall consist of the CEC and such other number of other election commissioners as the President may from time to time fix.

The correct answer is Mahalwari settlement.

Key Points

• The name of Holt Mackenzie is associated with Mahalwari settlement.
• Mahalwari Settlement System
• It was introduced by Holt Mackenzie and R.M.Bird in 1822.
• Under his directions, collectors went from village to village, inspecting the land, measuring the fields, and recording the customs and rights of different groups.
• Under this system, several villages were grouped together and referred to as Mahal.
• Individuals were made responsible for the payment of revenue from his mahal.
• Revenue was not fixed forever and could be revised after 20-30 years.
• The charge of collecting the revenue and paying it to the Company was given to the village headman, rather than the zamindar.

Important Points

• Permanent settlement
• ​​It was introduced in 1793 by Lord Cornwallis.
• It was the settlement where the Zamindars were recognized as the permanent owners of the land.
• They were given instruction to pay 89% of the annual revenue to the state.
• They were permitted to enjoy 11% of the revenue as their share.
• Ryatwari settlement
• ​It was introduced by Thomas Munro and Reed in 1820.
• This settlement was directly made with peasants who were called Ryots, thus the settlement came to be known as Ryotwari.
• The peasants were made owners of the land and were given Patta.
• Ryot had full rights regarding the sale, transfer, and leasing of the land.
• The rate of revenue was too high, almost 50% of the standard production in some of the areas.

The correct answer is International Day of Happiness.

Key Points

• The International Day of Happiness was observed on March 20, 2018.
• The International Day of Happiness is celebrated worldwide on 20th of March every year to recognize happiness as a “fundamental human goal” and call for “a more inclusive, equitable and balanced approach to economic growth that promotes the happiness and well-being of all peoples.
• The first International Day of Happiness was celebrated on 20 March 2013.
• The resolution was initiated by Bhutan.
• Theme 2022: “Build Back Happier”.

Additional Information

• The World Consumer Rights Day is observed on March 15th every year.
• It is commemorated to safeguard consumer rights and to ensure that customers are not subjected to market exploitation or social injustice that may jeopardize their rights.
• India celebrates National Consumers Rights Day on 24 December.
• Theme 2022: “Fair Digital Finance”.
• International Mother Language Day is observed on 21st February.
• In 1999, the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization, (UNESCO) had declared 21st February as International Mother Language Day.
• It is celebrated to spread awareness about the importance of linguistic, cultural diversity, and multilingualism.
• Theme 2022: “Using technology for multilingual learning: Challenges and opportunities”.
• 'World Cancer Day is observed on 4th February.
• It is the global uniting initiative led by the Union for International Cancer Control (UICC).
• The day is observed for raising worldwide awareness of Cancer.
• Theme 2022: Close the Care Gap

The correct answer is Perumbur (Chennai).

Key Points

• Integral Coach Factory is located at Perumbur (Chennai).
• ​It was inaugurated by the first Prime Minister of India Pt. Jawaharlal Nehru on 2nd October, 1955.
• It is one of the earliest production units of Independent India.
• The Furnishing Division was later inaugurated on 2nd October, 1962.
• India's fastest train- Train 18 which is also known as "Vande Bharat" express was developed here.

Additional Information

• Railway Production Units in India

The correct answer is Japan.

Key Points

• The ASEAN (Association of South-East Asian Nations) is an economic union comprising 10 member states in Southeast Asia.
• It was established on 8 August 1967 in Bangkok, Thailand, with the signing of the ASEAN Declaration (Bangkok Declaration) by the Founding Fathers of ASEAN-Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore and Thailand.
• It promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilities economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural integration among its members and other countries in Asia.
• It is involved in numerous international affairs, and hosts diplomatic missions throughout the world.
• Secretary-General-Lim Jock Hoi

 Important Points

• The ten countries of ASEAN are-

1. Brunei
2. Cambodia
3. Indonesia
4. Laos
5. Malaysia
6. Myanmar
7. the Philippines
8. Singapore
9. Thailand
10. Vietnam

The correct answer is Akbar.

Key Points

• Akbar categorised agricultural land into four categories on the basis of the quality of land.
• These are-
• Polar
• Parati
• Chachar
• Banjar
• Polaj land was always cultivated and never left fallow.
• Parauti land was left fallow for a year or two to retain its fertility.
• Chachar land was left uncultivated for three or four years.
• Banjar land was left fallow for five or more years.
• Polaj and Parauti were further subdivided into three categories:
• good
• middle
• bad.
• The average of these three called Mahsul was taken as a normal produce per bigha.​

Additional Information

• Akbar was the son of Mughal emperor Humayun.
• His reign was between 1556-1605 AD.
• He is known for his liberal religious policies, relationship with Indian kings, conquests, etc.
• In 1564, he abolished the jizyah tax levied on non-muslims.
• Akbar proclaimed a new religion, Din‑i‑Ilahi, in 1581 AD.
• Akbar built Fatehpur Sikri, Agra Fort, Lahore Fort, Allahabad Fort and Humayun’s Tomb in Delhi.

The correct answer is Moderate Drought Affected area.

Key Points

• Haryana is included in Moderate Drought Affected area.
• Most of the drought-prone areas are found in arid, semi-arid, and sub-humid regions of the country.
• Parts of Haryana fall under arid zone and semi-arid zone.
• On the basis of severity of droughts, India can be divided into the following regions:
• Extreme Drought Affected Areas
• Severe Drought Prone Areas
• Moderate Drought Affected Areas
• Moderate Drought Affected Areas include-
• Northern parts of Rajasthan, Haryana, southern districts of Uttar Pradesh, the remaining parts of Gujarat, Maharashtra except Konkan, Jharkhand and Coimbatore plateau of Tamil Nadu and interior Karnataka are included in this category.

Additional Information

• Drought  is a normal, recurrent feature of climate and occurs in all climatic regimes and is usually characterized in terms of its spatial extension, intensity and duration.
• Ministry of Agriculture is the nodal Ministry in respect of monitoring and managing drought conditions.
• Droughts are classified into meteorological droughts, hydrological droughts and agricultural droughts.
• In India, around 68% of the country is prone to drought in varying degrees.
• 35% which receives rainfall between 750 mm and 1125 mm is considered drought prone while 33% receiving less than 750 mm is chronically drought prone.
• Meteorological drought is classified based on rainfall deficiency w.r.t. long term average -
• 25% or less is normal
• 26-50% is moderate
• more than 50% is severe

The correct answer is Hydration.

Key Points

• Hydration is not the part of hydrological cycle.
• ​Hydration is a form of chemical weathering in which the chemical bonds of the mineral are changed as it interacts with water.

Important Points

• Hydrological cycle describes the movement of. water on, in, and above the earth.
• The hydrological cycle, is the circulation of water within the earth’s hydrosphere in different forms i.e. the liquid, solid and the gaseous phases
• It is the sum total of all processes in which water moves from the land and ocean surface to the atmosphere and back in form of precipitation.
• It starts with the Evaporation of water from the surface of the water bodies and further, it includes Transpiration, Sublimation, Condensation and Precipitation.
• ​​Evaporation
• Evaporation is the process that changes liquid water to gaseous water (water vapor).
• Water moves from the Earth's surface to the atmosphere via evaporation.
• Evaporation occurs when energy (heat) forces the bonds that hold water molecules together to break.
• Condensation
• It is the process by which water vapor in the air is changed into liquid water.
• It is the opposite of evaporation.
• Condensation is crucial to the water cycle because it is responsible for the formation of clouds.
• Precipitation
• Precipitation is water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface.
• Infiltration is precipitation that soaks into the soil.
• Runoff is precipitation that does not soak into the soil but instead moves on the Earth's surface toward streams.
• Streamflow is water moving across the Earth's surface in streams.

The correct answer is-(a) - (II), (b) - (III), (c) - (IV), (d) - (I)

Key Points

• Sugamya Bharat Abhiyan
• ​It is also known as Accessible India Campaign.
• It was launched by the Department of Empowerment of Persons with Disabilities in 2015 with the objective of providing universal access to Persons with Disabilities (PwDs).
• The Accessible India Campaign comprises the following key components-
• Create Mass Awareness
• Capacity Building
• Interventions (Technology solutions, Legal framework, Resource generation)
• Leverage corporate sector efforts including CSR resources
• Leadership endorsements
• Khoya Paya
• It ​is a platform for people to directly report, track, and upload information on missing children.
• It was launched by the ministry of women and child development.
• Bhim
• ​In the context of online transactions, BHIM refers to Bharat Interface for Money.
• It has been designed by the National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) and named after Dr. BR Ambedkar.
• Using this app, transactions can be made through the Unified Payment Interface (UPI).
• Transactions can be made through a bank account, QR code, mobile number, or by creating a unique digital identity.
• Jan Dhan Yojana
• ​PMJDY is a National Mission on Financial Inclusion to provide universal banking access.
• It aims to ensure weaker sections and low-income groups have access financial services such as deposit accounts, remittance, credit, banking/savings, insurance, and pensions

The correct answer is Indonesia.

Key Points

• The  Asian Para Games held in October, 2018 was in Indonesia. 
• ​The 2018 Asian Para Games was held from 6 to 13 October 2018 in Indonesia's capital city of Jakarta.
• It was held for Asian athletes with disability.
• It was the first time Indonesia hosted the games.
• The Paralympic Committee of India sent its largest ever contingent of 190 athletes for the Games.
• China won 319 medals and was places at the first position.
• 72 Indian athletes won the medals in the Asian Para Games.
• With 15 gold, 24 silver and 33 bronze medals, India was placed ninth in the overall medal tally.

As per the given information,

Akshay was counting down from 26.

Amrita was counting the prime numbers starting from 2.

The logic follows here is

 

Clearly, at the '8th' position they will call out the same number i.e '19'.

Hence, the correct answer is "8th".

The logic follows here is:

• ACCEPTED is written as CAECTPDE:

​

Similarly,

• REJECTED will be written as:

​

Hence, the correct answer is "EREJTCDE".

The logic follows here is,

1. Figure A has a symbol at the middle.

2. Figure B has the same symbol at the middle and another same symbol is placed below it, but inverted.

3. Figure C has the same previous two symbols and another same symbol is placed above them.

4. Figure D, has the same previous three symbols and another same symbol is placed below them, but inverted.

Similarly,

Figure E will have the same previous four symbols and another same symbol will get placed above them.

So, the figure that will replace the question mark (?) in the following figure series is shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "b".

As per the given information,

• From the given figures:

→ 6, 2, 5, and 4 are adjacent to 3. So, 3 will be opposite to 1.

• From figures (I) and (II),

→ 3, 2 and 5 are adjacent to 6.

Thus, the arrangement will be:

Clearly, 4 should be opposite to 6.

Hence, the correct answer is "4".

The logic follows here is:

1) ASBTEKLABL

→ The new word formed after arranging the letters is "BASKETBALL".

It is a team sport.

2) LALOTBOF

→ The new word formed after arranging the letters is "FOOTBALL".

It is a team sport.

3) CKIETRC

→ The new word formed after arranging the letters is "CRICKET".

It is a team sport.

4) SGNIKI

→ The new word formed after arranging the letters is "SKIING".

It is not a team sport.

Hence, the correct answer is "SGNIKI".

The logic follows here is:

In column I:

• First number × 3 = Second number
• Second number × 3 = Third number
• Third number × 3 = Fourth number

​COLUMN I [7 21 63 189 7]

• 7 × 3 = 21 = second number
• 21 × 3 = 63 = third number
• 63 × 3 = 189 = fourth number

​In column II:

• First number × 4 = Second number
• Second number × 4 = Third number
• Third number × 4 = Fourth number

​COLUMN II [3 12 48 192]

• 3 × 4 = 12 = second number
• 12 × 4 = 48 = third number
• 48 × 4 = 192 = fourth number

​In column III:

• First number × 5 = Second number
• Second number × 5 = Third number
• Third number × 5 = Fourth number

​COLUMN III [3 15 75 ?]

• 3 × 5 = 15 = second number
• 15 × 5 = 75 = third number
• 75 × 5 = 375 = fourth number

​Thus, the missing term is '375'.

Hence, the correct answer is "375".

The logic follows here is:

1st word is "the study" of the 2nd word.

According to the given information:

Ecology : Environment → Ecology is the study of 'Environment'.

Similarly

​Histology : Tissues → Histology is the study of 'Tissues'.

Hence, the correct answer is "​Tissues".

As per the given question:

So, there are 24 triangles in the given figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "24".

Alternate Method

The number of triangles in the given figures are:

After counting 13 triangles we have 11 more triangles which are:

• △ABC △ABF △ ACF = 3
• △BFC △CFE △EFD △DFB = 4
• △BCE △CED △ EDB △DBC = 4

Total triangles = 13 + 3 + 4 + 4

= 24

Thus, there are total '24' triangles.

Hence, the correct answer is "24".

Given: 2, 2, 5, 13, 28, ?

The logic follows here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "52".

As per the given question:

A clock is so placed that if hour hand is facing East at 1 : 30.

The following diagram can be drawn:

Clearly, the minute hand will point in 'South- West' direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "South-West".

An operating system (OS) is a type of system software that controls how computer hardware and software resources are used . 

Key Points

• An operating system (OS) is the programme that controls all other application programmes in a computer after being installed into the system first by a boot programme.
• The application programmes seek services from the operating system (API).
• Whereas, Application programme is a type of computer programme that is used by end users.
• It is created to perform a particular purpose other than one related to the operation of the computer itself.

Thus, An operating system is responsible for booting the computer system, while an application software is required for playing a video.

​Memory serves as the computer's electrical storage facility for the instructions. 

Key Points

• A computer's memory is one of its fundamental components since without it a computer would not be able to operate as intended.
• ​Any physical object that can temporarily or permanently store information, no matter how big or little.
• When a computer or other piece of hardware is turned off, volatile memory loses its contents.
• There are various type of units of memory such as Byte, Kilo Byte, Mega Byte, Giga Byte, Tera Byte, Peta Byte, Exa Byte, Zetta Byte
  

and Yotta Byte.

• Decreasing order of the sizes of memory is Giga Byte ⇒Mega Byte  ⇒Kilo Byte ⇒Byte.

Thus, 1 GB, 1 MB, 1 KB is the  correct decreasing order.

Greek words eikn or eikenai, which mean "to seem or to seem like," are the origin of the word icon.

Key Points

• Icons are used by Windows to visually represent objects like programmes and folders.
• An icon is an image on a computer screen that stands in for an application.
• Windows is filled with icons, which are essentially just images that show what kind of things they represent.
• It is a feature, or another idea or a distinct entity that has meaning for the user.
• For instance, the icon for the recycling bin, or the location where files go after they are removed.

Thus, an Icon on a Windows desktop is the symbol of an object stored in the computer.

URL stands for Uniform Resource Locator.

Key Points

• A URL is the Web address of a specific, particular resource.
• These resources could be an image, a CSS file, an HTML page, etc.
• A web resource's location on a computer network and a method of retrieval are specified by a URL.
• It is the owner of the web server's responsibility to properly maintain the resource that the URL represents.
• A URL has two main components:
• Protocol identifier ( http.)
• Resource name ( http://example.com.)

Thus, URL of a webpage is a address of the webpage..

A computer is a piece of electronic equipment used to manipulate data or information. 

Key Points

• A computer system is a basic, full-featured hardware and software configuration with all the components required to carry out computing operations.
• A computer system's capabilities include speed, storage, hardware reliability, accuracy and communication.
• Systems on computers are well-suited to carry out monotonous activities.
• They never grow weary, bored, or exhausted.
• They are therefore much more trustworthy than humans.

Important Points There are 10 capabilities of computer system

1. Speed
2. Accuracy
3. Automation
4. Versatility
5. Diligence
6. Reliability
7. Quick Decision
8. Storage Capacity
9. Multitasking
10. Power of Remembering

Hence, Gathering or Collecting data is not the capability of a computer system.

A computer virus is a programme that can damage the system. 

Key Points

• It is a particular kind of computer software that repeats itself after being run by altering other programmes.
• This malware corrupts a file or software, and if it spreads widely.
• They may delete all data, take control of the computer to launch attacks against other systems, transmit spam, or host and distribute unlawful content.
• A virus programme replicates itself by altering other computer programmes.
• It instead inserts its own coding when it is run.
• Creeper was the first computer virus.

Thus, All statements except (c) are true.

Freeware sometimes known as libre software. 

Key Points

• Freeware Software that is distributed under conditions that permit users to run it for any purpose, study, modify, and distribute it.
• It adapted versions is sometimes referred to as freedom-respecting software.
• Free software is an issue of freedom, not cost; regardless of the amount spent to access the programme.
• Whereas, Freeware is software most frequently proprietary that is given out without charging the user any money.
• Its publisher establishes its own guidelines for the freeware it provides.
• For instance, some publishers accept modification, third-party redistribution, and reverse engineering, while others forbid it.

Thus, Free Software is the software which can be used, modified and even redistributed, while Freeware is the software that the user is allowed to try for free for a specified period of time.

An operating system (OS) is the programme that controls all other application programmes in a computer. 

Key Points

• The operating system (OS) enables users to carry out computer basics.
• It is a type of system software that controls how computer hardware and software resources are used and offers basic services to other software applications.
• Operating systems that use time-sharing plan activities to make the most of the system's resources.
• An OS is necessary for all servers, PCs, laptops, tablets, and mobile devices.
• Some of example of OS are Windows 10, iOS, Windows 7, Android, Ubuntu, macOS Sierra, Red Hat Linux, Oracle Linux.

Thus, Google is not an operating system.

A computerized reservation system (CRS) is important tool of a travel agency.

Key Points

• Computerized systems are used to store and retrieve data.
• It carry out transactions relating to air travel, lodging, automobile rentals, and other activities.
• These systems are known as central reservation systems (CRS) or computer reservation systems (CRS).
• CRSs have since been expanded to allow travel agencies to purchase and resell.
• they also offer access to bus and train reservations, albeit these are not usually integrated with the main system.

Thus, Browsers, Authorization mechanism, Database server, Payment gateway is best describes the components of computerized railway reservation system.

Microsoft created the word processor known as MS Word. 

Key Points

• First Before giving the command verify the documents layout.
• The Steps involves in the printing the document file in MS-Word.
• Select Print from the left panel by pressing Ctrl + P or by clicking the File tab in the top-left corner of the screen.
• To navigate to the previous or following page, click the up and down arrows underneath the preview page.
• To zoom in for a closer look or zoom out to view more pages at once, move the slider or click the + or -.

Thus, A combination of CTRL key and P key is used for printing the document file in MS-Word.

The correct answer is Christine Susan Bruce.

Key Points

• Christine Susan Bruce developed the seven stages of Information Literacy in his journal "Seven Faces of Information Literacy" published in 1997.
• Christine Susan Bruce is the head of the faculty at James Cook University, Australia.

 

Additional Information 

• Information Literacy is the ability to access, evaluate, organize and use the information to learn, problem-solve and make decisions.
• The concept of Information Literacy was first developed by Paul Zurkowski in 1974.
• The seven faces of Information Literacy developed by Bruce are"

1. The IT Experience
2. The information source's experience
3. The information process experience
4. The information control experience
5. The knowledge construction experience
6. The knowledge extension experience
7. The wisdom experience

The correct answer is 1981.

Key Points

• Information Seeking is the process or activity of attempting to obtain information both in human and technological contexts.
• Thomas D. Wilson first coined the term "Information Seeking" in his model published in 1981.
• Wilson's model of information-seeking behavior was focused on the human use of Information rather than the use of sources.

 

Additional Information

• T.D. Wilson is an active contributor to the world of Information Science since 1961.
• T. D. Wilson has received a fellowship from the British Library Association.

The correct answer is the National Library of India, Kolkata.

Key Points

National Library of India, Kolkata:

• The National Library of India is the largest in India by volume and public record.
• It came into existence through the  Imperial Library (Change of name) Act, of 1948.
• Maulana Abul Kalam Azad opened the National Library to the public in 1953.
• It was renamed The National Library of India by the National Library of India Act, 1976.

Delhi Public Library:

• The Delhi Public Library (DPL) was established on October 27, 1951.
• It was established as a joint public library project of UNESCO and the Government of India.
• It is recognized as the first public library in the country to satisfy all the criteria laid down in the UNESCO manifesto.
• UNESCO has published a book on the library entitled "The Delhi Public Library".

RRRLF:

• ​It stands for Raja Rammohun Roy Library Foundation.
• It was established in May 1972 by the Department of Culture, Government of India.
• It is the nodal agency of the Government of India to support public library service and promote the public library movement in the country.
• It is headquartered in Kolkata with 4 zonal offices located in Kolkata, Mumbai, New Delhi, and Chennai.

Indian Library Association (ILA):

• ​It was founded in 1933 in Calcutta.
• It aims to establish high standards of librarianship and library services in the country.​

 

Additional Information

• The Indian Library Review blog was launched in 2012.
• Professor Supriya Choudhary was the first who proposed the idea of an electronic digest of library news in 2011.
• The blog was created on Blogspot, a free blogging platform by google.

The correct answer is Bias.

Key Points

• Phase Relation is the method of assembling two or more subjects, facets, or isolate ideas.
• In Colon Classification, there are 6 kinds of Phase Relation.
• The table of Indicator of each phase relation is given below:

​

Table of Indicators of phase relations:

 

Additional Information

• Colon Classification (CC) is a scheme of library classification developed by S. R. Ranganathan.
• The first edition of CC was published in 1933.
• Intra-Array, Intra-Facet, and Inter-Subject are the types of Phase Relation in Colon Classification.

The correct answer is "Mouse".

Key Points

• ALU- It is the logical part of the computer that performs arithmetic and logic operations.
• CU- 
• Most computer resources are managed by the CU.
• It directs the flow of data between the CPU and the other devices.
• Computer Mouse-
• ​​A Computer Mouse is a handheld pointing device that detects two-dimensional motion relative to the surface.
• It allows a smooth control of the Graphical User Interface of a computer.

Additional Information

• CPU-
• It stands for Central Processing Unit.
• It is the central processor or main processor that process, input, store data, and output results.
• It is known as the Brain of the Computer.
• It performs basic operations like arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output by the instructions in the program.
• Its principal components include ALU and CU.
• Modern CPUs in the form of Integrated Circuit also contains Memory and other components such as microcontrollers or System on Chip (SoC).

The correct answer is UNESCO.

Key Points

• UNESCO-
• UNESCO stands for United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization.
• It was founded in 1945.
• It's headquartered in Paris, France.
• The IFAP program was launched by UNESCO in 2001.
• IFLA-
• IFLA stands for The International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions.
• It was founded in 1927 in Scotland.
• It is headquartered in The Hague, in the National Library of the Netherlands "The Royal Library".
• It is an independent, international, non-governmental, not-for-profit organization.
• It is the global voice of the Library and Information profession.
• Library of Congress-
• ​The Library of Congress is the largest library in the world.
• It was founded in 1800 in Washington D.C., United States.
• ALA-
• ALA stands for American Library Association.
• It is the oldest and largest library association in the world.
• It was founded on October 6, 1876.

 

Additional Information

• IFAP is designed to support the development of an inclusive knowledge society.
• IFAP aims to support member states to build effective information policies and knowledge strategies in the world increasingly using ICT.
• IFAP is one of UNESCO's intergovernmental programs.
• The IFAP program has 6 priorities, they are-
• Information for Development
• Information Literacy
• Information Preservation
• Information Ethics
• Information access
• Multilinguism

The correct answer is Resource Description and Access.

Key Points

• Resource Description and Access:
• AACR stands for Anglo-American Cataloging Rules.
• AACR2 Revised Edtion was abandoned in 2005.
• After that RDA (Resource Description and Access) was released in June 2010.
• RDA is known as the successor of the AACR2.
• BIBFRAME:
• It stands for Bibliographic Framework.
• It was designed by Library of Congress.
• It was designed to replace Marc's standards.
• Version 2.0 was released in 2016.
• AACR - 4:
• ​There is no such term as AACR-4.
• Plans for the third edition (AACR-3) were abandoned in 2005.
• CCC:
• ​CCC stands for Classified Catalogue Code.
• CCC first edition was launched in 1934 by Dr. SR Ranganathan.
• 5th edition (1960) is the latest edition of CCC.

 Additional Information

• AACR first edition was introduced in 1967.
• AARC 2 was introduced in 1978
• AARC 2 'Revised Edition' came in the year 1988.
• AACR 2 Revised Edtion is also written as "Second Revised Edtion of AACR"

The correct answer is Institutional Directory.

Key Points

• Europa World of Learning is an Institutional Directory.
• It Started in the Year 1947 and is printed annually.
• It is published by Routledge, Taylor, and Francis Group
• It is the Online Version of the Classic Reference text in print.
• Its 71st Edition published in the Year 2021.

Additional Information

• Professional Directory
• It comprises information on Local and National/International Businesses and Professionals.
• Topographical Directory
• ​It comprises of several countries, cities, and villages with historical and statistical data.
• ​​Telephonic Directory
• ​​It comprises Telephonic Details and Local and National/international telephonic codes.

The correct answer is Application Software.

Key Points

• D-Base is a Database Management Software
• It was developed by Ashton-Tate, Wayne Ratliff
• It is based on C Language.

 

Additional Information

• Application Software
• ​It refers to the software that performs specific functions according to the need of the user.
• Examples- Ms office, PowerPoint, etc.
• System Software 
• ​It refers to the software which provides a platform for other software to run.
• Ex- Windows, MS-Dos, etc
• Internal Storage
• ​It refers to the space available in a device to keep the system files, applications, and User files.
• There are two types of Internal storage, Primary and Secondary.
• External Storage
• It refers to storing data separately from a computer's main or primary storage.
• Example- Pendrive

The correct answer is Delhi.

Key Points

• ISBN Office was established initially in Kolkata but in 2007 it was shifted to Dehli.
• ISBN is the 13-digit number, which replaces the handling of long bibliographic descriptive records.
• Raja Rammohan Roy National Agency for ISBN is responsible for ISBN Registration in India.
• It comes under the Ministry of Human Resource Development, Department of Higher Education.

Additional Information 

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy library foundation was established in 1972.
• Its aim is to promote the book movement in India.
• It provides funds to Public Libraries in India.
• It Formulates the National Library Policy.
• Encourage State Governments to pass and adopt Library Act in various states.

The correct answer is Copyright.

Key Points

• The Berne Convention of 1886 is related to Copyright Protection or Literary Protection.
• It is a set of principles for the protection of Original Work.​​
• The treaty provides authors, musicians, poets, painters and other creators with means to control how their works are used.
• ​Copyright
• It protects only the specific expression of an idea, not the Idea itself.
• In India, the copyrighted work of the Author remained protected for 60 years after the Death of the Owner/Author.
• Standards​
• A rule or principle that is used as a basis for judgement.
• ISO 3901:2019 is related to ISBN
• ISO 11219:2012 is related to Library Buildings.
• Patents
• The Exclusive Right granted for an Invention to its Inventor.
• The Owner has the legal right to exclude others from making, using or selling his Invention.

The correct answer is "NISCAIR".

Key Points

• NISCAIR- 
• NISCAIR stands for National Institute of Science Communication and Infomation Resources.
• In India, NISCAIR (formerly INSDOC) provides Translation Services to the Scientific community.
• NISCAIR provides translation of S&T Documents from 20 foreign languages into English.
• It was founded in 2002 by merging NISCOM and INSDOC.​
• It is headquartered in Delhi.

 

Additional Information

• NASSDOC-
• It stands for National Social Science Documentation Centre.
• It was established in 1969 as a division of the Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR).
• Its objective is to provide library and support services to researchers in social science.
• NISTADS-
• It stands for National Institute of Science, Technology, and Development Studies.
• It started as a Center for the Study of Science Technology and Development (CSSTD) in 1974 at CSIR New Delhi.
• NISTADS came into existence as an institute in 1980.
• DESIDOC-
• It stands for Defence Scientific Information and Documentation Centre.
• It started functioning as Scientific Information Bureau (SIB) in 1958.
• SIB was renamed DESIDOC on May 7, 1967.
• It became a self-accounting establishment of DRDO on Jul 29, 1970, and started functioning as a Central Information Resource Centre for DRDO.

The correct answer is "Data India".

Key Points

• Books in Print-
• Books in Print is the most trusted and authoritative source of bibliographic information.
• It lists nearly all books that are currently available in English and in the United States from major publishers.
• British Books in Print-
• It is the reference catalogue of British Literature covering British Books and English Language titles published in Europe.
• It was founded by J. Whitaker and sons in 1874.
• Publishers Weekly-
• It is a standard American Book trade journal.
• It was born out in 1872 as "The weekly Trade Circular".
• It was renamed as Publisher's Weekly in 1873.
• It is known as "the Bible of the Book Business".
• It is a professional tool for selecting books in different types of libraries.

 

Additional Information

• Book selection tools provide necessary information about books, their contents, bibliographic characteristics, physical size, etc.

The correct answer is "Ministry of HRD"

Additional Information

• The National Book Trust is an autonomous body under the Department of Higher Education, Under the Ministry of Human Resource Development.
• It was founded in the year 1957.
• The objective of the NBT is to encourage the production of good literature in Hindi, English, and other Indian Languages.
• NBT now functions under the aegis of the Ministry of Education, Govt. of India.
• The activities of the Trust include publishing, promotion of books and reading, promotion of Indian books abroad, assistance to authors and publishers, and promotion of children's literature.
• NBT publishes reading material in several Indian languages for all age groups, including books for children and neo-literates.

Important Point:

• On March 25, 2020, the National Book Trust functioning under the Ministry of Human Resources and Development launched Stay Home India with Books initiative.
• Under the initiative, more than 100 books can be downloaded from the NBT website.
• The books uploaded are in different Indian languages.
• It includes English, Hindi, Marathi, Gujarati, Telugu, Kokborok, Bodo, Mizo, Tamil, Nepali, Kannada, Urdu, Malayalam, Telugu, etc.
• According to the ministry, the majority of the books uploaded are children's books.
• Apart from these, the other books include activity-based learning science, women scientists in India, Gandhi: Warrior of Non-Violence and many more.

The correct answer is "System Software".

Key Points

• Linux is an open-source Unix-like operating system, Linux is based on the Linux kernel.
• Linux was developed by Linus Torvalds, and Linux was released in September 1991.
• Linux was written in C and assembly language.

Additional Information

• Multimedia Software-
• it is the combination of text, audio, images, animation, or videos to produce interactive content.
• Examples of Multimedia Software are - VLC Media, KM Player, VidMate, iTunes, Windows Media Player, etc.
• Library Software- 
• Software that is designed to manage all the functions of a library is known as Library Software.
• Examples of Library Software are - CodeAchi, Libero, World Share Management Services, etc.​
• System Software-
• A System Software is a type of computer program that runs a computer's hardware and application software.
• It provides a platform for other software.
• Examples of System Software are - operating systems (OS) like macOS, Linux, Android, Microsoft windows, etc.​
• Content Management Software-
• Content Management Software enables users to create, edit, collaborate, publish and store digital content.
• Examples of System Software are - WordPress, Magneto, Jumla, etc.

The correct answer is "15 Elements".

Additional Information

• Dublin Core is an initiative to create a Digital Library Card Catalogue for the web.
• Dublin Core Metadata is a set of 15 core elements.
• The 15 elements of Dublin Core Metadata are- 
• Contributor
• Coverage
• Creator
• Date
• Description
• Format
• Identifier
• Language
• Publisher
• Relation
• Rights
• Source
• Subject
• Title
• Type

The correct answer is "A Consortium".

Additional Information

• It is a consortium that provides a platform for accessing academic resources under open-access user registration.
• It was formed in 2015 by merging 3 consortia namely UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium,  NLIST, and INDEST-AICTE Consortium.
• NLIST stands for National Library and Information Services Infrastructure for Scholarly Content.
• INDEST-AICTE stands for  Indian National Digital Library in Engineering Science in Technology and All India Council for Technical Education.

The correct answer is "Name Section".

Key Points

• Leading Section-
• The leading Section of the Main Entry in CCC contains the Call Number of the document.
• The call Number in the Leading Section is recorded in Pencil.
• No full stop is given after the call number in the Leading Section.
• Title Section-
• This section starts on the second line from the second vertical.
• It has 3 sub-sections-

1. Title, subtitle, or Explanatory Title
2. Edition Statement (Other than the first edition)
3. Collaborator Statement

• Tracing Section-
• The back of the main entry card is recorded with the information for tracing the documents.
• The back of the main entry card is known as Tracing Section.

Additional Information

• Sections of the Main Entry Card are-
• Leading Section
• Heading Section
• Title Section
• Note Section (if any)
• Accession Number
• Tracing

Important Points

CCC: 

• The Classified Catalogue Code (CCC) was formulated by S. R. Ranganathan in 1934 is a user-oriented code that provides rules for subject entries and exhaustive rules for choice and rendering of bibliographic items for descriptive cataloging.
• In CCC the main entry begins with the class number.

The correct answer is National Translation Mission.

Key Points

• NISCAIR- 
• NISCAIR stands for National Institute of Science Communication and Infomation Resources.
• In India, NISCAIR (formerly INSDOC) provides Translation Services to the Scientific community.
• NISCAIR provides translation of S&T Documents from 20 foreign languages into English.
• It was founded in 2002 by merging NISCOM and INSDOC.​
• It is headquartered in Delhi.
• IASLIC-
• It stands for the Indian Association of Special Libraries and Information Centres.
• It was established in September 1955.
• It is a non-profit organization in India that supports development in the entire field of Special Librarianship in India.
• It is headquartered in Kolkata.
• Central Translation Bureau-
• It is the sub-ordinate office of the Department of Office Language Under the Ministry of Home Affairs.
• It was set up on March 1, 1971.
• It is responsible for translating the non-statutory procedural literature of the Ministries, Departments, Offices, Undertakings, etc. of the Central Government.
• National Translation Mission-
• It is a government of India Scheme.
• NTM maintains the National Register of Translators (NRT).
• It aims to disseminate knowledge in all 22 Indian Languages listed in the VIII schedule of the constitution through translation.

Additional Information

• The National Register of Translators is a repository of names, professional details, and contact details of translators.

The correct answer is CAS.

Key Points

• CAS-
• CAS stands for Current Awareness Services.
• In CAS various forms of services are provided to inform researchers of the appearance of the latest literature in the field with minimum loss of time.
• It includes the following services- 
• Contents by Journal Services
• Documentation Bulletins
• Research-in-Progress Bulletins
• Newspaper Clipping services
• SDI-
• SDI stands for Selective Dissemination Of Information.
• SDI is the part of CAS in which only those items of information are provided that are highly useful to the patron.
• DDS-
• DDS stands for Document Delivery Services.
• It is concerned with the supply of documents to the user in demand either in print or non-print format.
• Translation-
• In Translation Services, libraries translate the content on request in the language patron can understand.
• In India, NISCAIR (formerly INSDOC) provides Translation Services to the Scientific community since its inception in 1952.
• NISCAIR stands for National Institute of Science Communication and Infomation Resources.

 

Additional Information

• Content-by-Journal is one among the four types of CAS Services.
• This is perhaps the cheapest and quickest way of providing a degree of current awareness.

The correct answer is Index-Indiana.

Key Points 

• Index-India-
• Index-India is a Quarterly Documentation List of selected articles, editorials, notes, letters, etc. from Periodicals and Newspapers published in the English Language all over the world.
• It is being published since 1967 by Rajasthan University Library and edited by N.N. Gidwani.
• ​Library Herald-
• It is a peer-reviewed scholarly research journal published by Delhi Library Association (DLA).
• It began its publication in 1958.
• It is published quarterly in March, June, September, and December every year.
• Index-Indiana-
• It traces periodical literature appearing in Indian Language Periodicals.
• It is published by Central Reference Library annually.
• The first issue of it publishes in 1977 as quarterly.
• Since 1981, it is being published as annual cumulated volumes.
• It covers periodicals in 6 languages viz. Bengali, Hindi, Gujarati, Marathi, Tamil, and Malayalam.
• This Index is divided into three parts - The classified part, the Subject Index, and Author Index.

 

Additional Information

• Central Reference Library is a subordinate office of the Ministry of Culture, Government of India.
• It acts as the National Bibliographic agency of the country.
• It publishes National Bibliography in 14 different languages including English.

The correct answer is "A single recent event".

Additional Information

• The Critical-Incident Technique was developed by John C. Flanagan.
• The technique consists of a set of procedures for collecting observed incidents having special significance.
• It consists of a set of procedures for collecting direct observations of human behavior.
• The 5 steps involved in Critical-Incident Technique are-
• Determination of the general aim of the activity
• Development of plans and specifications for collecting factual incidents regarding the activity.
• Collection of the Data.
• Analysis of the Data.
• Interpretation and reporting of the statement of the requirements of the activity.

The correct answer is "S.L. Baker and F.W. Lancaster".

Additional Information

• The book was published by Information Resource Press.
• Sharon L. Baker is the Assistant Professor and Associate Professor at the University of Lowa School of Library and Information Science.
• F.W. Lancaster is a Professor at the University of Illinois, Graduate School of Library and Information Science.

The correct answer is News Digest.

Key Points 

• African Recorder is a News Digest.
• It is being published since 1962.
• It gives summaries of events in African Countries.

 

Additional Information

• Bibliography:
• A bibliography is a systematically produced descriptive list of records.
• The chief function of a bibliography is to help the users in locating the required information sources in the fastest possible manner.
• Biography
• ​The reference consists of works that contain information about people.
• These sources take care of diverse inquiries about a person, living or dead, with regard to his date and place of birth, nationality, educational background, professional achievements, and significant contributions.
• Directory
• Lists of people or organizations are usually arranged alphabetically.
• Some directories are arranged geographically or by subject.

The correct answer is Zero Based on Budgeting.

Key Points

• Zero Based Budgeting
• ​The preparation of the Library Budget without considering the previous year's budget is known as Zero Based Budgeting.
• It was developed by Peter Phyrr in the 1970s.
• It is also known as Start from Scratch Budget.
• Performance Budget
• It is based on the relationship between program funding levels and expected results.
• It reflects both the input of resources and the output of services.
• It reflects the estimated expenses and revenues of the libraries.
• Program Budget​​
• It is the Budgetary presentation designed to display its program activities.
• It gives the detailed costs of every activity or Program that is to be carried out with a given budget.
• It was developed by US President Lyndon Johnson.
• Formula Budget
• ​Use of Mathematical Formulas to determine the capital required to produce a given output.
• It was developed by Eric A. Hanushek.

The correct answer is S.R. Ranganathan.

Key Points

• Nina E. Browne-
• ​She is an American Librarian and Archivist.
• She is the inventor of a library book charging system known as the Browne Card Lending System or Browne Issue System.
• S. R. Ranganathan-
• He is known as the Father of Library Science in India.
• His birthday (9 August) is celebrated as The National Library Day of India.
• He developed the Five Laws of Library Science which is known as the most notable contribution to the field of Library science.
• The Colon Classification system was developed by him.
• He introduced the Three Card System.
• G. Bhattacharya-
• G. Bhattachary is the father of  Postulate-Based Permute Subject Indexing (POPSI).
• His full name is Ganesh Bhattacharya.

Additional Information

• The Three Card System is a function of Periodicals Receiving Work.
• The Three Cards in this system are-
• Register Card
• Check Card
• The Classified Index Card

The correct answer is the Maintenance Section.

Key Points

• Maintenance Section-
• The maintenance Section in a library is responsible for maintaining the condition of library materials.
• Shelving, Weeding, Sewing, and Stock Verification are some of the important functions of the Maintenance Section.

Additional Information

• Acquisition-
• The acquisition is the department of a library that is responsible for the selection and purchase of library materials.
• Document selection, Document Procurement, and Document Assessioning is some key responsibility of the Acquisition Department.
• Circulation-
• Circulation is an important responsibility of the Circulation and the Lending Department.
• Serial Control-
• The serial Control system is responsible for managing the materials that come into the library on a frequent basis such as periodicals, newspapers, annuals, etc.

The correct answer is 1974. 

Key Points 

• The concept of Information Literacy was first developed by Paul Zurkowski in 1974.
• Information Literacy is the ability to access, evaluate, organize and use the information to learn, problem-solve and make decisions.

 

Additional Information 

• Christine Susan Bruce developed the seven stages of Information Literacy in his journal "Seven Faces of Information Literacy" published in 1997.
• The seven faces of Information Literacy developed by Bruce are"

1. The IT Experience
2. The information source's experience
3. The information process experience
4. The information control experience
5. The knowledge construction experience
6. The knowledge extension experience
7. The wisdom experience

The correct answer is Facts on File News Services.

Key Points

• H.W. Wilson-
• ​He is the founder of the H.W. Wilson Company.
• H.W. Wilson Company is a publisher and indexing company.
• He is also known as the creator of Reader's Guide, the Cumulative Book Index, and the Book Review Digest.
• Oxford University Press-
• It is the largest university press in the world.
• It was founded in 1586.
• It is the second oldest university press in the world, the first one is Cambridge University Press.
• Facts on File News Services-
• It is an American-based publisher company.
• It publishes print and online reference material for the school and the library.

Additional Information 

Facts on File is a weekly world news digest with a cumulative index.

The correct answer is Peter Drucker.

Key Points

• Peter Drucker-
• Peter Drucker coined the term "Management By Objective (MBO) in 1954.
• He is an Austrian-American management consultant, educator, and author.
• Drucker also coined the term "Knowledge Worker" in 1959.

Additional Information

• Dr. SR Ranganathan, who is known as the Father of Library Science in India, birthday is observed every year as National Librarian Day in India.
• He was a university librarian and professor of library science at Banaras Hindu University (1945–47) and professor of library science at the University of Delhi (1947–55).
• He was president of the Indian Library Association from 1944 to 1953.
• In 1957 he was elected an honorary member of the International Federation for Information and Documentation (FID) and was made a vice-president for the life of the Library Association of Great Britain.​

Confusion Points

• National Library Day- 14th November
• National Librarian's Day- 12th August
• National Library Week- 14-20 November
• International Library Day- 10 July
• National Reading Day- 19th June

The correct answer is Goa, Gujarat, Bihar, and Arunachal Pradesh.

Key Points

• Gujarat Public Library Act-
• This act was brought in 2001.
• It recognizes the Public Libraries and Public Library Associations in the state.
• It aims to constitute the State Library Development Council in the state.
• It constitutes the Directorate of Public Libraries for monitoring the system.
• Bihar Public Library Act-
• This act was brought in 2008.
• It makes provision for a State Library and Information Authority in the state.
• It makes provision for creating an independent Directorate of Library and Information Centre.
• It makes provision for a State Libraries Fund created by the State Government.
• Goa Public Library Act-
• This act was brought in 1993.
• It makes provision for the constitution of a state Library Authority.
• It makes provision for the constitution of a Library Directorate to control and direct the Public Library System in the state.
• Arunachal Pradesh Public Library Act-
• This act was brought in 2009.
• It makes provision for establishing the State Library, District Library, and other branches of libraries in the state.
• It makes provision for the establishment, maintenance, and development of public libraries system in the state.

 

Additional Information

• Public Libraries Act is also known as Library Legislation.
• Public Libraries Act provides a legal framework and financial support to public libraries.

The correct answer is Weekly.

Key Points 

• ​Data India is Published by Press Institute of India
• It is being published since 1974
• It is published from New Delhi.
• Monthly-
• ​The journal which publishes once in a month is known as Monthly Frequency.
• Bi-Monthly-
• ​It means publishing every two months.
• It is having six issues in a year.
• Fortnightly-
• ​It means publishing every two weeks.
• It is having two issues in a month.

 

Confusion Points

• Bi-Monthly means both 
• Happening two times in a month.
• Happening every two months.
• But in publishing of Magazines we consider "Happening every Two months"

The correct answer is Middle Level

Key Points 

Additional Information

• Operational Level
• ​Operations management includes three levels: strategic, tactical, and operational.
• Managers at the operational level in a company occupy the lowest rung in the management hierarchy.
• The operations level contains the daily operations required to produce the desired outcome.

The correct answer is Encyclopaedia

Key Points

• Encyclopaedia
• ​Encyclopaedia are regarded as supplement to all types of reference sources.
• encyclopaedias were referred to as the backbone of the reference service in the libraries.
• The first known encyclopaedia was written by Aristotle.
• An encyclopaedia is a systematic summary of the knowledge that is most significant to man-kind.
• Biography
• ​The reference consists of works that contain information about people.
• These sources take care of diverse inquiries about a person, living or dead, with regard to his date and place of birth, nationality, educational background, professional achievements, significant contributiion.
• Directory
• lists of people or organizations which are usually arranged alphabetically.
• some directories are arranged geographically or by subject.
• Gazetteers
• ​A gazetteer provides historical, political, cultural, social, industrial, demographic and administrative details about a place.
• It also provides geographic data and location by providing longitude and latitude.

 

Additional Information

• Various types of  reference sources:
• Dictionaries Encyclopaedias
• Bibliographies
• Biographical Sources
• Geographical Sources
• Ready Reference Sources
• Government Publications
• Indexing and Abstracting Sources
• Patents and Standards
• Reference Sources for Current Events

The correct answer is Selection, Procurement and Accessioning.

Key Points

• Acquisition work comprises three distinct functions, viz., selection, procurement and accessioning. 
• ​Selection
• A Selection Policy (involving a statement about users and needs; subject, topic or mission to be dealt with and type of information sources to be covered)
• Procurement
• Procedure for Procurement is necessary for information sources.
• In cases where no outright procurement is planned or possible procedures for access to sources.
• Accessioning
• ​the stock of the library which involves the assignment of a serial number called Accession number.
• Every item, and its bibliographic details thus, entered in the Accession Register.

 

Additional Information

• Classification
• ​a system of organization of knowledge by which library resources are arranged and ordered systematically
• Reference Service
• ​The reference sources are standard works that are used to locate specific type of information.
• Reference sources include dictionaries, encyclopedias
• Cataloguing
• ​Cataloguing or Library Cataloging is the process of creating and maintaining bibliographic and authority records in the library catalog, the database of books.
• In libraries, metadata creation is often called cataloging.

The correct answer is Library on Wheels.

Key Points

• Dr. SR Ranganathan coined the Term "Library on Wheels" for Mobile libraries.
• It is a part of the Extension Service of the Libraries.
• The mobile library was inaugurated in Melavasal village, on October 21, 1931, by Dr. S.R. Ranganathan.
• He designed a bullock cart, to carry books to the villages.

The correct answer is Schedules of classics and sacred books with special names.

Key Points

• Part 1 - Rules
• ​Part 1 of the Colon Classification deals with the Rules of the Classifications.
• It deals with Call-Number, ClassNumber, Book-Number, and Collection Numbers.
• Part 2 - Schedules
• ​Part 2 of the Colon classification deals with the Schedules of Classifications.
• The Alphabetical Index to all the other isolates is given in Alphabetical Sequence at the end of Part 2.
• Part 3 - Classics and Sacred Books
• ​Part 3 gives classes and classics in Indology worked out in far greater detail.
• The Indological schedules will also be of use in classifying Manuscript Libraries.
• It includes schedules of Sacred Books with special names.

 

Additional Information

Colon classification:

• It is the library classification system developed by SR Ranganathan in 1931.
• The colon classification system uses 42 main classes that are combined with other letters, numbers, and marks.
• The latest edition of the CC is the 7th edition which was introduced in the year 1987.

The correct answer is Periodicals.

Key Points

Special Library:

• Special libraries sometimes referred to as “information
• centers”, are libraries that provide specialized information resources on a particular subject, serve a specialized and limited clientele, and deliver specialized services to that clientele.
• Special Libraries spend most part of their budget on subscriptions to Periodicals.
• Special libraries get their funds from appropriations made by their respective parent organizations.
• The library is expected to ask for funds for any additional or special services.

 

Additional Information

• Types of Libraries in India.
• Public Libraries
• Academic Libraries
• School Libraries
• College Libraries
• University Library
• Special Libraries
• A library budget is a record of funds appropriated to it and the estimated expenditure for a financial year

The correct answer is 2006.

Key Points

Rajasthan Public Libraries Act, 2006:

• It is called Rajasthan Sarwajanik Pustakalaya Adhiniyam (name in the Hindi language). Its salient features are mentioned below:

1. Constitution of State Library Council with Minister Incharge of Libraries as Chairperson.
2. Provision for the Directorate of Public Libraries, to control and supervise the system.
3. Constitution of Library Advisory Committee.
4. Provision to establish State Libraries, Divisional Libraries, District Libraries, Panchayat Samiti Libraries, and Village Libraries.
5. Constitution of State Libraries Development Fund mainly from the State exchequer.
6. Recognizing the Public Libraries and Public Library Associations.

 

 Additional Information

• So far 19 states of India have passed the Library Legislation Act in their state. The list below is as follows

1. Madras State Public Library Act 1948
2. Andhra Pradesh State Public Library Act 1960
3. Karnataka Public Library Act of 1965
4. Maharashtra Public Library Act of 1967
5. West Bengal Public Library Act of 1979
6. Manipur State Public Library Act 1988
7. Haryana State Public Library Act 1989
8. Goa State Public Library Act 1993
9. Mizoram State Public Library Act 1993
10. Puducherry State Public Library Act 1996
11. Gujrat State Public Library Act 2001
12. Odisha State Public Library Act 2001
13. Uttarakhand State Large Library Act of 2005
14. Rajasthan State Large Library Act of 2006
15. UP State Large Library Act of 2006
16. Lakshadweep State Large Library Act of 2007
17. Chhatisgarh State Large Library Act of 2009
18. Bihar State Public Library Act 2008
19. Arunachal State Large Library Act of 2009

The correct answer is Periodical.

Key Points

• Ranganathan defines common isolates as "an isolated idea denoted by the same isolate term and represented by the same isolate number, quite irrespective of the compound subject in which it occurs, or the basic subject with which the compound subject goes"
• It could be in the form of an outline, history, theory, or dictionary.

 

Additional Information 

Important Points 

• Anteriorising common isolates
• Applicable before space facet
• a - bibliography
• c - concordance
• d - table
• f - atlas
• k - encyclopaedia
• m - periodical
• p - conference proceedings
• v - history
• w - biography
• Anteriorising common isolates
• Applicable after space facet
• r - periodical administration report
• s - statistics (serial)
• Anteriorising common isolates
• Applicable after time facet
• T - commission report t4 - survey
• v - source material
• v46 - genealogy
• v6 chronology

The correct answer is An Enumerative.

Key Points

• It means that the class numbers for different subjects are enumerated in the schedules.
• There are no separate supplementary schedules of common isolates to construct a number.
• There is no provision for the synthesis of numbers.

 

Additional Information

• Almost Enumerative Classification Scheme
• ​An almost-enumerative scheme for classification consists of a large schedule enumerating most of the subjects of the past, the present, and the foreseeable future, and in addition, a few schedules of common isolates.
• Rigidly Faceted
• ​In a rigidly-faceted classification, the facets and their citation order are fixed and their facet formula is predetermined.
• No -facet can be omitted.
• Almost Faceted
• ​the almost-faceted classification lies between the almost enumerative classification and to fully-faceted classification.
• a few schedules of common isolates and also some schedules of special isolates.

The correct answer is Intended to attract regular users.

Key Points

• Library Outreach
• ​It is about reaching out to users, encouraging the use of libraries, and engendering a positive image of the library.
• It is done mainly through programming that targets the needs and circumstances of the communities served by libraries.
• Outreach is a way for libraries to promote their services, demonstrate value by engaging with stakeholders, and show their usefulness and relevance in today's modern academy.
• By aligning outreach programs with strategic campus priorities, libraries can demonstrate the value of their contributions to the larger campus audience.

Additional Information

• Methods of Library Outreach
• ​Telling the Value Story
• Collaborating with Institutional Initiatives.
• Developing Outreach Outcomes
• Measuring Program Impact

The Correct Answer is NISCAIR.

Key Points

Contents, Abstracts, and Photocopy Service (CAPS)

• ​CAPS is an innovative personalised information service provided by NISCAIR.
• A list of over 7,000 core journals in various disciplines has been identified.
• researchers can receive the abstract or full text of desired articles through NISCAIR's Document Copy Supply Service.

Additional Information 

NISCAIR

• The National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR), is located in New Delhi, India.
• It was founded in 2002.
• INSDOC (1952) was merged with NISCOM in 2002, to form the National Institute of Science Communication and Information Resources (NISCAIR).
• In 2021, the institute was merged with the National Institute of Science, Technology and Development Studies to form the National Institute of Science Communication and Policy Research (NIScPR).

DRTC

• ​Documentation Research and Training Centre (DRTC) is a research centre for library and information science and allied disciplines at the Indian Statistical Institute, Bangalore.
• was established in April 1962, under the auspices of Prof. S. R. Ranganathan.
• 2012 marked the Golden Jubilee of DRTC

DESIDOC

• ​The Defence Scientific Information & Documentation Centre (DESIDOC) is a division of the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO). Located in Delhi.
• The present director of DESIDOC is K Nageswara Rao.
• It was established on 29 July 1970.

NASSDOC

• ​The National Social Science Documentation Centre (NASSDOC), a constituent unit of the Indian Council of Social Science Research (ICSSR), was established in 1969.
• The objective of the NASSDOC is to provide library and information support services to social science researchers.
• Its Subscriptions are EconLit, JSTOR, JGATE, Political Science Complete, Soc-Index with full text, LISTA, Education Source, IndiaStat, ProwesssIQ, and PsychArticles.

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

Key Points

• Maharashtra Public Library Act (1967) has no provision for library cess in its Public Library Act.
• Kerala Public Library Act (1989) has the provision of a Surcharge on House Tax and Property Tax as a Library Cess.
• Haryana Public Library Act (1989) has the provision of a Surcharge on House Tax and property Tax, as Library Cess.
• Karnataka Public Library Act(1965) has the provision of 3% of the Land Revenue as Library Cess.

Additional Information

So far 19 states of India have passed the Library Legislation Act in their state. 

1. Madras State Public Library Act 1948
2. Andhra Pradesh State Public Library Act 1960
3. Karnataka Public Library Act of 1965
4. Maharashtra Public Library Act of 1967
5. West Bengal Public Library Act of 1979
6. Manipur State Public Library Act 1988
7. Haryana State Public Library Act 1989
8. Goa State Public Library Act 1993
9. Mizoram State Public Library Act 1993
10. Kerala Public Library Act 1989
11. Gujrat State Public Library Act 2001
12. Odisha State Public Library Act 2001
13. Uttarakhand State Library Act of 2005
14. Rajasthan State  Library Act of 2006
15. UP State Large Library Act of 2006
16. Lakshadweep State  Library Act of 2007
17. Chhatisgarh State  Library Act of 2009
18. Bihar State Public Library Act 2008
19. Arunachal State  Library Act of 2009

The correct answer is "Monthly".

Key Points

• An abstract is a summary of the core content of documents that helps users to determine if they are required to read the entire document or not.

Additional Information

• LISA stands for "Library and Information Science Abstracts".
• It is an international abstracting and indexing tool designed for library professionals and other information specialists.
• It was founded in 1969.
• Its update frequency is continuous when content is available.
• It is updated monthly with more than 1000 records added per update.
• It was originally published by Library Association (LA or LAUK), England.
• Presently, it is being published by ProQuest since 2007.
• It abstracts over 440 periodicals, from more than 68 countries and in more than 20 different languages.
• It covers the following major subject areas-
• Artificial Intelligence
• Book reviews
• CD-ROMs
• Computer Science Applications
• Information Centres
• Information Management
• Information Science
• Information Storage
• Information Technology
• Internet Technology
• Knowledge Management
• Librarianship
• Libraries and Archives
• Library Management
• Library Technology
• Library use and users
• Medical Information
• Online Information retrieval
• Publishing and Bookselling
• Records Management
• Telecommunications
• Technical Services
• World Wide Web​

The correct answer is the Rendering of Names.

Key Points

 Colon classification Ed. 5 contents:

• ​Part A - Introduction
• Part B - Canons of Cataloguing
• Part C - General Normative Principles
• Part D - Evolution of Catalogue
• Part E - Recording
• Part F - Terminology
• Part G - Conflict of Authorship
• Part H - Name of Person
• Part J - Rendering of Names
• Part K - Class Index Entry
• Part L - Cross-reference Index Entry
• Part M -  Single Volumed- Simple Book
• Part N - Composite Book and Multi-Volumed Book
• Part P- Periodical Publications
• Part Q- Union Catalogue of Books
• Part R- Union Catalogue of Periodical Publications
• Part S- National Bibliography
• Part T- Indexing Periodicals
• Part U- Abstracting Periodicals
• Part V- Incunabula and Non-Book Materials
• Part W- End Matter

The correct answer is Serials.

Key Points

• Coden is used for the unique and unambiguous identification of Periodicals or serial publications.
• It was created by Charles Bishop in 1953.
• It is a 6-character alphanumerical code.
• It is used as a citation system for serials.
• It also works as a search element in the Bibliographic catalogue.
• The International CODEN agency is located in the United States.

The correct answer is Patna.

Key Points 

• Khuda Bakhsh Oriental Library, in Patna, Bihar, is one of the national libraries of India.
• It was opened to the public on the 29th of October in 1891 by HMJ Sir Khan Bahadur Khuda Bakhsh.
• It is an autonomous organization under the Ministry of Culture, Government of India.
• The library is also a designated Manuscript Conservation Centre (MCC) under the National Mission for Manuscripts.

Additional Information

The National Libraries of India : 

• National Library of India, Kolkata, West Bengal -1948
• National Science Library, NISCAIR, New Delhi - 1964
• National Medical Library, AIIMS, New Delhi-1966
• National Library for Blinds and Handicaps, Dehradun- 1979
• Khudabaksha Oriental Library ( National Manuscript Library), Patna-1891
• National Digital Library-, IIT Kharagpur- 2018
• Central Reference Library, Kolkata- 1955
• Calcutta Public Library, Calcutta- 1836
• Imperial Library, Calcutta- 1891
• Sarasvati Mahal Library, Thanjaur- 1918
• Rampur Raza Library, Rampur- 1774
• Harekrushna Mahtab State Library, Bhubneshwar- 1959
• Maharaja Public Library, Jaipur- 1866

The correct answer is IGNOU.

Key Points

e-Gyankosh:

• It is a National Digital Repository developed by Indira Gandhi National Open University (IGNOU).
• The repository supports learning resources in different formats such as self-instructional study material, audio/ visual programs, and archives of radio and television based-live interactive sessions on the Web.

Additional Information

IGNOU: 

• ​Indira Gandhi National Open University, known as IGNOU, is a Central University located at Maidan Garhi, New Delhi.
• It was established in 1985 with a budget of ₹20 million, after the Parliament of India passed the Indira Gandhi National Open University Act, 1985 (IGNOU Act 1985).
• It is the largest university in the world.

UGC:

• ​The University Grants Commission (UGC) came into existence on 28th December 1953.
• University Grants Commission (UGC) is a statutory body set up by the Department of Higher Education, Ministry of Education, Government of India in accordance with the UGC Act 1956.
• In February 2022 M Jagadesh Kumar was appointed as the chairman of the UGC.

NIC:

• ​The National Informatics Centre (NIC) was established in 1976 by Narasimaiah Seshagiri.
• It is the technology partner of the Government of India and has been credited for helping the Indian government embrace IT in the 1990s.
• It also manages the National Knowledge Network.

RRRLF:

• RRRLF was established in May 1972 by the department of culture, govt. of India.
• It consists of 22 members nominated by Govt. of India amongst eminent Educationists, Librarians, Administrators, and senior officials.

The correct answer is International Standard Book Number.

Key Points

• ISBN
• ​The International Standard Book Number (ISBN) is a numeric commercial book identifier that is intended to be unique.
• The ISBN is ten digits long if assigned before 2007, and thirteen digits long if assigned on or after 1 January 2007
• Since 1 January 2007, ISBNs have contained thirteen digits, a format that is compatible with "Bookland" European Article Numbers, which have 13 digits.
• It consists of four parts (if it is a 10-digit ISBN) or five parts (for a 13-digit ISBN).
• A 13-digit ISBN can be separated into its parts prefix element, registration group, registrant, publication, and check digit.

The correct answer is Web Dewey.

Key Points

Web Dewey 

• ​Edition 22 is the first edition of the Dewey Decimal Classification to be produced in the context of the web environment.
• Web Dewey means the database of Dewey Decimal Classification on WWW (World Wide Web).
• Web Dewey is also found in both full and abridged versions; they are Web Dewey and Abridged Web Dewey.

The correct answer is Search Formulation.

Key Points

• Truncation
• Truncation means the concatenation of words.
• In other words, if the root string of the words is searched it brings all the derivatives derived out of the given root string.
• ​Truncation is also known as wildcard searching.
• It lets you search for a term and variant spellings of that term.

Additional Information

Citation Analysis:

• ​Citation analysis is the examination of the frequency, patterns, and graphs of citations in documents.
• It uses the directed graph of citations — links from one document to another document — to reveal the properties of the documents.

Machine translation:

• Machine translation is the application of computers to the task of translating text from one natural language to another.

The correct answer is Without Place.

Key Points

• If no place of publication is found then write [s.l.] stands for Sine Loco means no location.
• If no place of publication is found then write [s.n.] stands for Sine Nomine means no name.
• If there is written that the book is published sometime in 1900, then write [19-?], if written as published in some time during the fourth decade of 1900 or 1940-1948, then write [194?]
• If no date is found then write [n.d.] stands for No Date.

Additional Information

Cataloguing:

• ​Cataloging or Library Cataloging is the process of creating and maintaining bibliographic and authority records in the library catalog, the database of books.
• In libraries, metadata creation is often called cataloging.

The correct answer is 1952.

Key Points

• Classification Research Group (CRG)
• ​It was formed in England in 1952 and was active until 1968.
• It was a significant contributor to classification research and theory in the field of library and information science.
• Among its members were Derek Austin, Eric Coates, Jason Farradane, Robert Fairthorne, Douglas Foskett, Barbara Kyle, Derek Langridge, Jack Mills, Pauline Atherton Cochrane, Bernard Palmer, Jack Wells, and Brian Campbell Vickery.

The correct answer is CAS.

Key Points

Research in Progress Bulletin:

• ​It is a type of current awareness service (CAS).
• A research-in-progress bulletin usually contains information about the laboratory at which the project is being done, names of principal and associate researchers, funds and sources of funds, duration of the project, and special equipment in use, if any.
• it includes a narrative description of the research project and/or progress achieved to date.

Additional Information

SDI

• ​It stands for Selective Dissemination of Information Services.
• Hans Peter Luhn, a computer scientist proposed in 1961 a method of using computers to provide current awareness services.
• He christened the method for automating the current awareness service as Selective Dissemination of Information or SDI.
• The four functional phases (major activity areas) of an SDI system may be said to b:
• Selection
• Notification
• Feedback
• Modification

Document Delivery System

• ​Document Delivery Service (DDS) is actually concerned with the supply of documents to the users on demand, either in original or its copy in print or non-print form, irrespective of the location and form of the original.
• The efficiency of DDS is determined by three factors, namely, speed, cost, and satisfaction level.

The correct answer is Question Point.

Key Points

• Question Point
• QuestionPoint is a unique virtual reference service, supported by a global network of cooperating libraries worldwide, as well as an infrastructure of software tools
  

and communications.

• Question Point is also a source of unique centralized
  

knowledge resources built by a collaborative network of member libraries.

Additional Information

• INDEST
• ​Indian National Digital Library in Engineering Sciences and Technology (INDEST) Consortium” was set up in 2003 by the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD)
• The IIT Delhi has been designated as the Consortium Headquarters to coordinate its activities.
• The Consortium was renamed INDEST-AICTE Consortium in December 2005.
• World Cat
• ​WorldCat is a union catalog that itemizes the collections of thousands of institutions.
• It is operated by OCLC
• WorldCat is used by librarians for cataloging and research and by the general public.
• E-Shodhsindhu
• ​E-ShodhSindhu was formed by merging three consortia initiatives, namely UGC-INFONET Digital Library Consortium, NLIST, and INDEST-AICTE Consortium.

The correct answer is Developing Library Network.

Key Points 

• DELNET
• ​DELNET (Delhi Library Network) was established in 1988 with the initial support of NISSAT.
• It was also supported by NIC and at the start of it, 30 Libraries in Delhi were added to this network.
• Later on, Its Name is changed to Developing Library Network.
• It is the Oldest and Largest Library Network in India.
• Presently in India, there are 250 libraries and in the world, 8 libraries are its member.
• It was registered as a society in 1992.

The correct answer is "HTTP".

Key Points

• HTTP-
• It stands for Hyper Text Transfer Protocol.
• The protocol is used for communication between the web browser client and the server.
• For secure applications, Secure Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTPS) is used.
• HTTP is used universally to access web services all over the Internet.
• FTP-
• It stands for File Transfer Protocol.
• It is a standard communication protocol used for transferring computer files from a server to a client on a computer network.
• It is based on client-server model architecture.
• The first FTP client applications were command-line programs.
• IP-
• It stands for Internet Protocol.
• It is the network layer communication protocol in the Internet protocol suite for relaying datagram across boundaries.
• It delivers packets from the source host to the destination host based on the IP address in the packet headers.
• It was introduced by Vint Cerf and Bob Kahn in 1974.
• It was the connectionless datagram service in the original Transmission Control Program.
• HTML-
• It stands for Hyper Text Markup Language.
• It is the standard Markup language for documents designed to be displayed in a web browser.
• HTML defines how documents are to be formatted.
• ​HyperLink-
• ​A Hyperlink is a digital reference to data that points to a whole document or to a specific element within a document.
• A hyperlink can be in the form of a Text hyperlink, Image hyperlink, Bookmark hyperlink, and E-mail hyperlink.

The correct answer is 2009.

Key Points

• National Knowledge Resource Consortium (NKRC)
• ​The National Knowledge Resource Consortium (NKRC), was established in the year 2009.
• It is a network of libraries and information centers of 43 CSIR and 26 DST institutes.
• The Consortium envisions emerging as a leader to serve the R & D sector with much-needed information to strengthen the research and development system in the country.

Additional Information

The following e-resources have been accessed through NKRC:

• Wiley
• Web of Science
• Taylor & Francis
• Springer Nature -Springer Journals
• Springer Nature - Nature Main Journal
• Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)
• Oxford University Press (OUP)
• J-Gate
• iThenticate- Plagiarism Detection Software
• Institute of Physics (IOP)
• IEEE/IEL
• Emerald
• Elsevier - ScienceDirect
• Earth and Planetary Sciences
• Physics and Astronomy

The correct answer is 1700 - 1799

Key Points

• Chapter 3 of the CC 6th Ed. Deals with Time Isolate.
• The Symbol L represents the Decade of 1700-1799 AD.
• CC was Introduced by DR. SR Ranganathan in 1933
• First Edition 1933
• Second Edition 1939
• Third Edition 1950
• Fourth Edition 1952
• Fifth Edition 1957
• Sixth Edition 1960
• Reprinted in 1963 (with amendments)
• Seventh Edition 1987

The correct answer is 1954.

Key Points

• Delivery of Books Act
• ​In 1954 Indian parliament passed the Delivery of Books (Public Libraries) Act.
• According to this Act, the publisher of every book, newspaper, or serial must deliver at his own expense a copy of the book within thirty days from the date of its publication to the National Library at Calcutta (Kolkata) and one copy each to three other public libraries specified by the Central Government.
• In 1956, an amendment was made and it became the “Delivery of Books and Newspapers (Public Libraries) Act, of 1954.
• The amendment’s insertion of “and Newspapers” embraced serials as well.

The correct answer is Ebsco Host.

Key Points

Library Information Science Technology Abstracts (LISTA)

• ​Library, Information Science & Technology Abstracts (LISTA) is an index of scholarship in library and information science.
• It includes citations, indexing, and abstracts for journal articles, books, research reports, and conference proceedings.
• LISTA is available through EBSCOhost.
• It covers about 560 core journals, 50 priority journals, and 125 selective journals; in addition to books, research reports, and conference proceedings.
• Coverage in the database extends back as far as the mid-1960s

The correct answer is News Digest.

Key Points

​Keesing's Record of World Events

• ​It was a long-running printed summary of world news published from 1931 to 1988 recently It is presented on the Internet as Keesing's Record of World Events.
• It's purpose is to provide a detailed, factual, and neutral account of events.
• It is a Monthly digest of worldwide political, diplomatic, and economic affairs.

 

Additional Information

Directory

• It is a list of names, addresses, and telephone numbers in the order of the alphabet.
• A directory is a book that gives lists of facts, for example, people's names, addresses, and phone numbers, or the names and addresses of business companies

Biography

• ​A biography is a detailed description of a person's life.
• It involves more than just basic facts like education, work, relationships, and death.
• it portrays a person's experience of these life events.

Bibliography

• ​A bibliography is the list of sources a work's author used to create the work.
• It accompanies just about every type of academic writing, like essays, research papers, and reports

The correct answer is 1933.

Key Points

Indian Library Association (ILA)

• ​The Indian Library Association (ILA) was established on September 13, 1933.
• on the occasion of the First All India Library Conference held at Calcutta (now Kolkata).
• The ILA is the largest and most renowned professional body in the field of Library and Information Science in India with a membership of more than 7000.
• The headquarters of ILA is situated in Delhi, India.
• The 63rd Annual Conference was held at Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow from 23–25 November 2017 on the topic "Sustainable Development of Library and Information Science Profession"
• The Journal of the Indian Library Association is an official organ of the Indian Library Association.
• The journal is issued as a quarterly publication and is peer-reviewed.

The correct answer is ALA

Key Points

Library Technology Reports

• ​It is Published by ALA TechSource, an imprint of the American Library Association.
• Library Technology Reports helps librarians make informed decisions about technology products and projects.
• Library Technology Reports will sunset with the December 2022 issue. After that time, it will be available for single-issue sales only.

Additional Information

American Library Association (ALA)

• ​American Library Association (ALA) is a nonprofit organization based in the United States.
• It promotes libraries and library education internationally.
• It is the oldest and largest library association in the world, with 49,727 members as of 2021.
• It was founded on October 6, 1876.
• Its head office is now in Chicago.
• Justin Winsor was the first president of the ALA, from 1876 through 1885

The correct answer is the Arrangement of books on shelves.

Key Points

APUPA

• ​APUPA stands for Alien-Penumbral-Umbral-Penumbral-Alien.
• It is an organizational model that arranges compound subjects in a helpful sequence according to hierarchical relationships.
• It is one of the methods to arrange the books on the shelves.
• Dr S.R. Ranganathan who is our father of Library and information science in India has enunciated a fundamental principle known as APUPA pattern.
• APUPA pattern is one of the methods of arrangement of books in Classification.
• The pattern of every helpful sequence of the book is Alien- Penumbral- Umbral- Penumbral- Alien - i.e. APUPA arrangement.
• ​An Umbral document implies a totally relevant document that is of the main interest to the reader.
• Penumbral document satisfies the marginal interest of the reader.
• The alien document is totally non-relevant and thus is not required by the reader

The correct answer is J.D. Brown

Key Points

• The Manual of Library Economy was Authored by James Duff Brown in 1903.
• James Duff Brown (1862–1914) was a British librarian, information theorist, music biographer, and educationalist
• He devised three classification systems: Quinn/Brown (1898), Adjustable classification (1898), and Subject Classification (1906)
• He was the pioneer of this new system [while he was a librarian] of Clerkenwell, where the first experiment in open access was launched in May, 1893.
• This was referred to as "safe-guarded open access".

 

**Additional InformationAll Published work of JD Brown:**​

• 1886: Biographical Dictionary of Musicians
• 1893: Guide to the Formation of a Music Library
• 1897: British Musical Biography with Stephen Samuel Stratton
• 1898: Manual of Library Classification and Shelf Arrangement
• 1903: Manual of Library Economy (7 later eds.)
• 1906: Manual of Practical Bibliography
• 1906: Subject Classification (1st ed. 1906 ; 2nd ed. 1914 ; 3rd ed. (rev. by J. D. Stewart) 1939)
• 1907: The Small Library: a guide to the collection and care of books
• 1910: Characteristic Songs and Dances of All Ages
• 1912: Library Classification and Cataloguing