PYST 1: IB Security Assistant & MTS Official Paper - General Studies (Held On: 23 March, 2023 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is Seven Member 

Key Points

• The Constitution of India came into force on 26th January 1950.
• The Constitution of India has 448 articles in 25 parts and 12 schedules.
• The Constitution of India was drafted by the Constituent Assembly from 1946 to 1950.
• On 29th August 1947, the Constituent Assembly through a resolution appointed a Drafting Committee.

The objective of the Committee:

• To scrutinize the draft of the text of the Constitution of India prepared by the Constitutional Advisor.
• To submit to the Assembly for consideration the text of the draft constitution as revised by the Committee.
• At its first meeting on 30th August 1947, the Drafting Committee elected Dr. B.R Ambedkar as its Chairman.
• The Drafting Committee had seven members
• | | Members of Drafting Committee | | --- | --- | | 1 | Dr. B.R. Ambedkar (Chairman) | | 2 | Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar | | 3 | N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar | | 4 | K.M. Munshi | | 5 | Mohammad Saddulla | | 6 | B.L. Mitter | | 7 | D.P. Khaitan |

The correct answer is Option(3). i.e.​Nagabhatta I.

Key Points

• Nagabhatta I was the founder of the Gurjara-Pratiharas Dynasty. 
• The Pratiharas Dynasty(8th-11th Century A.D):
• The Pratiharas were also renamed as Gurjara.
• Between the 8th and 11th century A.D, they ruled over northern and western India.
• Pratiharas: A fortification- Against the hostility of the Muslims from the days of Junaid of Sind, the Pratiharas stood as a fortification of India’s defense to Mahmud of Ghazni.
• The following table shows the rulers of the Pratiharas dynasty with respective features.
• Pratiharas dynasty:
• | Name of Rulers | Characteristics | | --- | --- | | Vatsaraja | Played a crucial role in case of merging the empire | | Mihira Bhoja | - The most powerful Pratihara king. - During his period, the empire expanded from Kathiawar to Bihar & from Kashmir to the Narmada. | | Nagabhata I | - He was the founder of the Pratihara dynasty. - Kanauj was his capital | | Dhruva | - Dhruva (reigned 780–793 CE) was one of the Rashtrakuta Empire's most notable rulers. - He took the throne in place of his elder brother, Govinda II. - Dhruva is proclaimed emperor in the Dhulia grant of 779 and the Garugadahalli inscription of 782 |

The correct answer is ​James Augustus Hicky

Key Points

• Bengal Gazette, the first newspaper in India began publication in 1780 by James Augustus Hicky.
• It is also known as Hicky's Bengal Gazette or the Original Calcutta General Advertiser.
• It was the first English-language newspaper published on the Indian subcontinent as well as in Asia.
• It was founded in Calcutta, capital of British India at the time, by Irishman James Augustus Hicky in 1779.
• The front-page news stories are written in British English.
• He took the policy "Open to all Parties, but Influenced by None".
• East India Company published a rivel newspaper of Bengal Gazette called India Gazette on 18th November 1780.
• This paper was famous for its sarcastic and provocative writing style.
• The paper discusses the topics like female masturbation, proto-class consciousness, right of poor, right to taxation with representation, etc.

The correct answer is 112.

Key Points 

• Article 112 of the Indian Constitution, the Union Budget of a year, also referred to as the annual financial statement, is a statement of the estimated receipts and expenditure of the government for that particular year.
• Union Budget keeps the account of the government's finances for the fiscal year that runs from 1st April to 31st March.
• Union Budget is classified into **Revenue Budget and Capital Budget.**​

Additional Information

• Article 123 of the Constitution of India grants the President certain law-making powers to promulgate ordinances when either of the two Houses of Parliament is not in session, in urgent situations.
• Article 121 of indian constitution declares that no discussion shall take place in Parliament with respect of the conduct of any judges of the Supreme Court or High Court in the discharge of his duties except upon a motion for presenting an address to the president praying for the removal of the judges as herein after provided.
• Money Bill is defined in Article 110 of the Indian Constitution. Money bills are concerned with financial matters like taxation, public expenditure, etc

The correct answer is 7^th

Key Points:

• The Union List is a list of 100 (Originally 97) numbered items as provided in List I of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India.
• The Union Government or the Parliament of India has exclusive power to legislate on matters relating to these items.
• Few important items are:
• ​Defense of India.
• Naval, military, and air forces; any other armed forces of the Union.
• Social Security and Social Insurance.
• Atomic energy and mineral resources, necessary for its production.
• Central Bureau of Intelligence and Investigation.
• War and peace.
• Preventive Detention.
• Regulation and development of inter-State rivers and rivers.
• Constitution, organization, jurisdiction, and powers of the Supreme Court.
• **Jurisdiction and powers of all courts, except the Supreme Court.**​

Additional Information

• The third schedule of the Indian Constitution contains the forms of oath and affirmation for Union Ministers of India. Parliament Election Candidates. Members of Parliament (MPs)
• The 10th Schedule of the Indian Constitution (which talks about the anti-defection law) is designed to prevent political defections prompted by the lure of office or material benefits or other like considerations. The Anti-defection law was passed by Parliament in 1985 and reinforced in 2002.
• The Fifth Schedule of the Constitution deals with the administration and control of Scheduled Areas as well as of Scheduled Tribes residing in any State other than the States of Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram.

The correct answer is Right to Privacy

Key Points

• The right of privacy is a fundamental right.
• It is a right which protects the inner sphere of the individual from interference from both State, and non-State actors and allows the individuals to make autonomous life choices.
• About the Right to Privacy: In Puttaswamy v. Union of India case, 2017, the Right to Privacy was declared a fundamental right by the Supreme Court.
• Right to privacy is protected as an intrinsic part of the right to life and personal liberty under Article 21 and as a part of the freedoms guaranteed by Part III of the Constitution.​

Additional Information

• Anyone can apply for the right to constitutional remedies and approach the High Court or Supreme Court. This right allows the citizens to restore their fundamental rights if they are violated. After that, the High Court or Supreme Court will issue the directives or orders to the government for the right enforcement.
• Any law enacted by the government that restricts any of these rights will be deemed unconstitutional by the courts. Freedom of Religion and Cultural & Educational Rights of Minorities are also a part of these fundamental rights provided under Part III of the Indian Constitution and are covered under articles 25 to 30
• The Right against Exploitation is enshrined in Articles 23 and 24 of the Indian Constitution. These are important Fundamental Rights that guarantee every citizen protection from any kind of forced labour

The correct answer is 53%

Key Points

 

• According to the Economic Survey 2021-2022, The Service sector has seen a growth rate of 8.2% and contributed over 50% of India's GDP in 2021-2022.
• Nirmala Sithraman presented the Economic Survey 2021-22 in Parliament on 31st January 2022.
• Some other fiscal developments as per the Survey are as follows:
• The revenue receipts(April-November 2021) from Central Government have gone up by 67.2%.
• Gross Tax Revenue registered a growth of over 50% ( April-November 2021).
• Central Government debt has gone up from 49.1%(2019-20) to 59.3%(2020-21) of GDP
• As per the Economic Survey 2021-22, the foreign exchange reserves touched USD 633.6 billion(as of Dec 31, 2021).
• According to the Economic Survey 2021-22, the repo rate was maintained at 4% in 2021
• The Economic Survey also revealed that Rs. 89,066 crores was raised via 75 Initial Public Offering (IPO) issues in April-November 2021.

The correct answer is Pandita Ramabai Saraswati

Key Points

• Pandita Ramabai criticised gender-based social distinctions.
• She published a book about the terrible lives of upper-caste Hindu ladies because she believed that Hinduism was oppressive to women.
• To help widows who had been mistreated by their husband's families, she established a widow's house in Poona.
• Here, women received training to enable them to sustain themselves financially.
• 'Arya Mahila Samaj' was founded by Pandita Ramabai for women's reform.​​

Additional InformationTarabai Shinde

• Even though she belonged to a high-caste background, Tarabai Shinde was a feminist activist.
• She fought against caste and sexism in 19th-century India.
• She is well-known for the 1882 Marathi-original publication of Sri Purush Tulana, one of her published works​

Savitribai Phule

• Savitribai Phule was India's first female teacher and a well-known social reformer.
• She fought for lower castes and women.
• She spoke out against the oppressive social structure that ruled Pune (Maharashtra) society in the 19th century.
• Her contribution focused on logic and human values like equality, truth, and humanism.

Fatima Sheikh,

• ​​Fatima Sheikh, often a lost figure in Indian history, was a pioneering teacher, anti-caste activist, proponent of girls’ education, and social reformer in 19th century Maharashtra.

The correct answer is 1976

Key Points

• Regional Rural Banks (RRBs) were set-up on the recommendations of the Narasimham Committee.
• First Regional Rural Bank was Prathama Grameen Bank set-up at Moradabad (U.P).
• Ownership of RRB is such that the Government of India holds 50% share while the State Government holds 15% and Private Sponsors hold 35% shares.
• The main objectives of RRBs is to provide banking and financial services in rural areas.
• Target of Priority Sector Lending for RRB is 75%.

The correct answer is Union Public Service Commission

Key Points

• The Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) is the central recruiting agency in India.
• It is an independent constitutional body.
• The provisions regarding the composition of UPSC, appointment and removal of its members and the powers and functions of UPSC are provided in Part XIV of the **Indian Constitution under Article 315 to Article 323.**​

Additional Information

NITI Aayog:

• Planning has been in Indian psyche as our leaders came under influence of the socialist clime of erstwhile USSR.
• Planning commission served as the planning vehicle for close to six decades with a focus on control and command approach.
• Planning Commission was replaced by a new institution – NITI Aayog on January 1, 2015 with emphasis on ‘Bottom –Up’ approach to envisage the vision of Maximum Governance, Minimum Government, echoing the spirit of ‘Cooperative Federalism’.

​​National Human Rights Commission:

• The National Human Rights Commission or NHRC is a standalone entity of the Government of India with the mission of promoting and protecting human rights.
• It is a statutory body mentioned in the Constitution of India that was established in 1993 under the ‘Protection of Human Rights Act.’
• This act was further amended in 2006

​Lokpal and Lokayuktas:

• The Lokpal and Lokayukta Act, 2013 provided for the establishment of Lokpal for the Union and Lokayukta for States.
• These institutions are statutory bodies without any constitutional status.
• They perform the function of an "ombudsman” and inquire into allegations of corruption against certain public functionaries and for related matters.

The correct answer is Article 87(1)

Key Points

Article 87 of the Indian Constitution states that "At the commencement of the first session after each general election to the House of the People and at the commencement of the first session of each year the President shall address both Houses of Parliament assembled together and inform Parliament of the causes of its summons". 

• The President also addresses both the houses at the commencement of the first session of each year.
• The President’s addressing speech essentially highlights the government’s policy priorities and plans for the upcoming year.
• The address also provides a broad framework of the government’s agenda and direction

Additional Information Article 41:

• Article 41 states that there should be a right to education, work and public assistance in certain cases.
• Within the limits of economic capacity and development, the state should have provisions to secure rights on work of education and public assistance in case of employment.

Article 53:

The executive power of the Union shall be vested in the President and shall be exercised by him either directly or through officers subordinate to him in accordance with this Constitution.

Article 93:

The Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the House of the People The House of the People shall, as soon as may be, choose two members of the House to be respectively Speaker and Deputy Speaker thereof and, so often as the office of Speaker or Deputy Speaker becomes vacant, the House shall choose another member to be Speaker or Deputy Speaker, as the case may be

The correct answer is '2.4 per cent'

Key Points

• India’s total geographical area:
• India's total geographical area is about 3.28 million square kilometers.
• This area accounts for approximately 2.4 per cent of the total geographical area of the world.
• India is the seventh-largest country in the world by land area.
• Despite its relatively small size compared to other large nations, India has a significant population, making it the second most populous country in the world.

Additional Information

• Other comparative statistics:

The correct answer is Chambal basin

Key Points

Gully erosion:

• Gullies are channels deeper than 30 cm that can not be removed by normal cultivations.
• They can be spectacular to look at but over time actually lose less soil than sheet and rill erosion​

Additional Information

Backwaters of Kerala:

• ​The backwaters were formed by the action of waves and shore currents creating low barrier islands across the mouths of the many rivers flowing down from the Western Ghats range.

Malda gap:

• Malda Gap separates the Meghalaya plateau from Indian Peninsula Plateau.

Rann of Kutchh:

• The Rann was a once a shallow part of the Arabian Sea, until a geological shift closed off the connection with the sea.

The correct answer is R Venkataramani.

Key Points

• Senior advocate R. Venkataramani has been appointed as the new Attorney General (AG) of India by President Droupadi Murmu for a period of three years.
• He will succeed K. K. Venugopal, whose term ends on September 30.
• The Attorney General for India is the Indian government's chief legal advisor and is its chief advocate in the courts​

Additional Information

• The Constitution (Article 76) has provided for the office of the Attorney General for India.
• He is the highest law officer in the country.
• The Attorney General (AG) is appointed by the president.
• He must be a person who is qualified to be appointed a judge of the Supreme Court.
• The term of office of the AG is not fixed by the Constitution.
• Further, the Constitution does not contain the procedure and grounds for his removal.
• He holds office during the pleasure of the president.

The correct answer is Sher Shah

Key Points

• Sher Shah started the land measurement system in India.
• Sher shah adopted the system of measurement of land known as zabt. This system
  

continued till the time of 1579 that is in the twenty fourth year of Akbar’s rule.

• For land revenue improvement, he determined the share in production based on the variety of land and crops.
• Sher Shah started the application of 'Zarib' for land measurement.
• Sher Shah fixed the area of a bigha 360 square yards.
• **On the basis of yield and category, the land was divided into three parts good, middling, and low.**​

Additional Information

• Sher Shah Suri was the founder of the Suri Empire in India.
• After taking control of the Mughal Empire in 1540, he set up a new civic and military administration and implemented several reforms in the financial and postal sectors.
• The famous Battle of Chausa was fought between him and the second Mughal Empire Humayun in the year 1539.

The correct answer is Arunachal Pradesh

Key Points

• The total literacy rate of Arunachal Pradesh is 65.38% which is less than average literacy rate 72.98% of India.
• Also the male literacy rate is **72.55% and the female literacy rate is 57.7% in Arunachal Pradesh.**​

Additional InformationGOA:

• As per Census 2011, the literacy rate of Goa is 88.7%. According to Census 2011,
• Goa has a population of 14.59 lakh people, with 739,140 males and 719,405 females.
• The male literacy rate is 92.65%, while the female literacy rate is 84.66%

​Tripura:

• The literacy rate for Tripura was 87.75 according to the 2011 census,

Himachal Pradesh:

1. According to the 2011 literacy census, Himachal Pradesh's literacy rate is 82.80 percent.
2. Male literacy rates are 89.53 percent, while female literacy rates are 75.93 percent.

The correct answer is 1971

Key Points

THE NORTH-EASTERN AREAS (REORGANISATION) ACT, 1971 ACT NO. 81 OF 1971 [30th December,

1971.] An Act to provide for the establishment of the States of Manipur and Tripura and to provide for

the formation of the State of Meghalaya and of the Union territories of Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh

by reorganization of the existing State of Assam and for matters connected there with.

The correct answer is Hugli 

Key Points There was change of 9.46 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001.

In 2011, Hugli had population of 5,519,145 of which male and female were 2,814,653 and 2,704,492 respectively.

In 2001 census, Hugli had a population of 5,041,976 of which males were 2,589,625 and remaining 2,452,351 were females

Additional Information 

Jaipur:

• There was change of 26.19 percent in the population compared to population as per 2001.

Surat:

• Decennial Population Growth Rate between 2001 – 2011 of Surat City 55.29% i.e. Averge Annual Growth Rate is 4.5 %. Per 100 Persons,

Nashik:

• As per provisional reports of Census India, population of Nashik in 2011 is 1,486,053. Although Nashik city has population of 1,486,053; its urban / metropolitan population is 1,561,809.

The correct answer is option2) ​(a), (b) and (c)

Key Pointspublic sector banks:

• Public sector banks are those in which the government holds more than 50% of the total stock.
• The government formulates all the financial guidelines for public sector banks.
• The public sector banks operate under the government to inspire trust in the depositors that their money is safe.
• Canara bank, Bank of Baroda, Central bank of India are the public sector banks​

Additional Information IndusInd bank:

• IndusInd Bank Limited is an Indian financial services headquartered in Mumbai.
• IndusInd Bank was inaugurated in April 1994 by then Union Finance Minister Manmohan Singh

 RBL bank :

• RBL Bank, formerly known as Ratnakar Bank, is an Indian private sector bank headquartered in Mumbai and founded in 1943

​

The Correct Answer is Arunachal Pradesh

Key Points

• Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest density of population.
• Arunachal Pradesh has the lowest population density with 17 persons per sq. km, whereas our national capital has the highest population density with 11,320 persons per sq. km.
• The population of India has been augmented by more than 181 million during the decade 2001-2011.
• The population density of India in the year 2011 was **382 persons per square km. **​

Additional Information Mizoram:

• The population of Mizoram state is 1,097,206.
• The density of Mizoram state is 52 per sq km.
• Mizoram State is spread over 21,081 Sq Km.

​​Sikkim:

• Sikkim is an State of India with population of Approximate 6.11 Lakhs.
• The population of Sikkim state is 610,577.
• The density of Sikkim state is 86 per sq km.
• Sikkim State is spread over 7,096 Sq Km.

​​Goa:

• The population of Goa state is 1,458,545.
• The density of Goa state is 394 per sq km.
• Goa State is spread over 3,702 Sq Km