FCI AG III Memory Based Question Paper (Held on: 1st January 2023 Shift 3) (Previous Year Paper)

'To conserve' is to 'protect from harm or destruction'.

The word conservation is mostly used in the context of the environment or things that are culturally important.

The sentence here means that the animals listed as endangered species need to be protected from harm because they are less in number and may face the danger of being extinct.

The correct answer is option 1.

The writer believes that even though the tigress T27C1 killed Bhijvi Harle, the real fault is not of the tigress.

The ones responsible for Harle's death are the so-called conservation activists who released the tigress in Bor Tiger reserve.

Moreover, the statement 'Harle’s real killer, however, was not the tigress but the astonishing apathy of self-proclaimed wildlife activists and conservationists, forest officers and politicians, who should have known better than to release a conflict tiger into Bor Tiger Reserve, around which are scattered dozens of villages' is enough to state that the apathetic, self-proclaimed conservation activists and forest officials are the real killers of Bhijvi Harle.

The word 'proximity' means 'nearness to something'.

Therefore, the closest synonym is 'closeness'.

The passage clearly calls Chandrapur district the 'Tiger Capital of Maharashtra'.

The word 'Apathy' means 'uncaring attitude' or 'lack of interest'.

All options except passion are similar in meaning to 'Apathy'.

The word 'passion' is an antonym as it means 'strong emotion' or 'strong interest'.

The correct answer is option 2.

Kala was known to have never hurt a human. This can be attributed to her own nature. She would cautiously avoid humans by staying 100 meters away from them, not venturing into villages and mostly roaming about at night.

This can be best stated by the statement: A radio-collared tigress named Kala, for instance, was found to move only at night, avoiding humans even if they were just 100 metres away and rarely venturing near villages.

The writer clearly thinks of the conversation activists as elitist and apathetic.

He believes that they are indifferent to the death threat faced by poor villagers residing near tiger reserves.

The word 'conflict' means 'fight'.

To 'collide' is also 'to come into conflict or opposition'.

Therefore, collide is the synonym of conflict.

Meaning of other words is as follows:

Harmony ⇒ The state of being in agreement

Stability ⇒ The state of being stable.

Concord ⇒ Agreement or harmony between people or groups.

The misspelled word is 'vacinated'.

Key Points

• Vaccinated is the correct spelling.
• It means to protect a person or an animal against a disease by giving him/her/it a mild form of the disease with a needle which is put under the skin (an injection)
  

टीका लगाकर किसी व्यक्ति या पशु को रोग से सुरक्षित करना; टीकाकरण करना

• Climbed- to move up towards the top of something (पेड़, पहाड़ आदि पर) चढ़ना
• Positive- thinking or talking mainly about the good things in a situation, in a way that makes you or somebody else feel hopeful and confident (किसी स्थिति के अच्‍छे पक्ष के विषय में ऐसे सोचना या बातें करना कि अपना और दूसरे का विश्‍वास बढ़े; रचनात्‍मक, सकारात्‍मक)
• National-  connected with all of a country; typical of a particular country (राष्‍ट्रीय; राष्‍ट्र विशेष का प्रतिनिधिक)
• Hence, the given answer is correct.

The correct answer is 'calander'.

Key Points

• The word 'calander' has been incorrectly spelled in the given sentence.
• The correct spelling and its meaning has been listed below - 
• colander -  a perforated bowl used to strain off liquid from food after washing or cooking.
• Example - Shruti said as he strained the spaghetti into a colander.

Additional Information

The following are the meanings of the other highlighted words in the given sentence - 

• drain - cause or allow (liquid) to run off or out of something.
• thoroughly - in a thorough manner.
• rinse -  wash (something) with clean water to remove soap, detergent, dirt, or impurities.

The misspelled word is 'hapiness'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling is happiness and not hapiness.
• Happiness is an emotional state characterized by feelings of joy, satisfaction, contentment, and fulfillment.
• Reason-  a cause or an explanation for something that has happened or for something that somebody has done (कारण, व्‍याख्‍या या औचित्‍य-वर्णन (किसी घटना या कार्य का))
• farmers-(plural)- farmer- a person who owns or manages a farm (किसी कृषि क्षेत्र का मालिक या प्रबंधक)
• won- to be the best, first or strongest in a race, game, competition, etc. (जीतना, विजय प्राप्‍त करना (दौड़, खेल, प्रतियोगिता आदि में))
• Hence, the given answer is correct.

The correct answer is 'C'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling is 'Allocating'.
• Let's explore the meaning and context of it.
• Allocating- distribute (resources or duties) for a particular purpose.
• Example: I**n past years we didn't allocate enough funds to infrastructure maintenance.
• Thus, the correct answer is option '4'.

Additional Information

• Let's explore the meaning of other options as well.
• Significant: sufficiently great or important to be worthy of attention or noteworthy.
• Government: the governing body of a nation, state, or community.
• Getting: come to have or hold (something) or receive.

The correct answer is detailed.

Key Points

Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:

• He only explained what is already given in the public domain.
• Detailed - give full information about something.
• ​Example - More detailed information was needed.
• ​From the given meaning we can conclude that the correct answer is detailed.

Thus the correct sentence is: "*He only detailed what is already there in the public domain".*​

Additional Information

 Let's ​discuss the meaning of other options:

• through - moving in one side and out of the other side of (an opening, channel, or location).
• failed - not achieving its end or not lasting; unsuccessful.
• eaten - put (food) into the mouth and chew and swallow it.
• cried - shed tears, typically as an expression of distress, pain, or sorrow.

The correct answer is experience.

Key Points

Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:

• The person is writing something with the backing of having 50 years of practical contact with matters relating to the chemical industry.
• experience - practical contact with and observation of facts or events.
• Example - *he had learned his lesson by painful experience in life.*​
• ​From the given meaning we can conclude that the correct answer is experience.

Thus the correct sentence is: "I write this as a professional with 50 years of experience *in the chemical industry".*​

Additional Information

 Let's ​discuss the meaning of other options:

• renew - resume or return to (an activity) after an interruption.
• ignorance - lack of knowledge or information.
• peace - freedom from disturbance; tranquillity.
• immature - not fully developed.

The correct answer is thought.

Key Points

Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:

• thought - an idea or opinion produced by thinking, or occurring suddenly in the mind.
• ​Example - *Riha sat deep in the thought.*​
• ​From the given meaning we can conclude that the correct answer is thought

Thus the correct sentence is: "If the thought of investing in the stock market scares you, you are not alone"

Additional Information

Let's ​discuss the meaning of other options:

• song - a short poem or set of words set to music or meant to be sung.
• view - the ability to see something or to be seen from a particular place.
• source - a place, person, or thing from which something originates or can be obtained.
• button - a small disc or knob sewed onto a garment, either to fasten it by being pushed through a slit made for the purpose or for decoration.

The correct answer is boost.

Key Points

Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:

• A computing machine 20000 times faster can increase the processing power of supercomputers.
• boost - help or encourage (something) to increase or improve.
• ​Example - *We have to adopt a range of measures to boost tourism.*​
• ​From the given meaning we can conclude that the correct answer is boost.

Thus the correct sentence is: *"*China's computing machine is 20000 times faster than its international counterparts and may boost the processing power of supercomputers".

Additional Information

Let's ​discuss the meaning of other options:

• hinder - make it difficult for (someone) to do something or for (something) to happen
• decrease - make or become smaller or fewer in size, amount, intensity, or degree.
• diminish - make or become less.
• destroy - end the existence of (something) by damaging or attacking it.

The correct answer is The Sun has a magnetic field that varies across the surface of the Sun.

Key Points

• The sentence 'The Sun has a magnetic field that varies across the surface of the Sun' is grammatically correct.
• The word 'Sun' is a singular noun hence, singular verb 'has' is used.
• The word 'magnetic' is an 'adjective' which is used before the noun 'field'. Hence, these words are appropriate.
• The definite article 'the' is also appropriately used before the nouns 'Sun' and 'surface'.
• Hence, the sentence is grammatically correct.
• The corrected form of the other sentences are:
• | Option | Grammatical mistake | Corrected sentence | | --- | --- | --- | | 1. | The word 'be' is missing before the word 'seen' | During a total solar eclipse, parts of the Sun's surrounding atmosphere can be seen. | | 2. | The preposition 'to' is missing before the word 'allow'. | The coolest layer of the Sun is cool enough to allow the existence of simple molecules. | | 3. | The article 'a' is missing before the word 'large'. | Solar activity is thought to have played a large role in the formation of the solar system. |

• Hence, option 3) is the answer.

Additional Information

• Eclipse: blocking or hiding

The correct answer is The pandemic policy was an inflection point not only for organisations but also for government agencies.

Key Points

• The sentence 'The pandemic policy was an inflection point not only for organisations but also for government agencies.' is grammatically correct.
• The usage of the correlative conjunction 'not only ... but also' is appropriate for the sentence.
• A past event is mentioned hence simple past tense is used here.
• Hence, the sentence is grammatically correct.
• The corrected form of the other sentences are:
• | Option | Grammatical mistake | Corrected sentence | | --- | --- | --- | | 2. | The preposition 'on' should be used instead of the word 'of'. | The vaccination policy is based on scientific principles and is intended to secure vulnerable population. | | 3. | The word 'unveiling' should be replaced with 'unveil'. | The RBI is expected to unveil guidelines that will facilitate some of the measures announced in the budget. | | 4. | The word 'faced' should be replaced with 'facing' because present continuous tense is used here. | Households across the country are facing the onslaught of rising prices. |

• Therefore, option 1) is the correct sentence.

Additional Information

• Inflection point: turning point
• Onslaught: a destructive attack

The correct answer is An erratic monsoon season can damage the economy and affect agricultural practices.

Key Points

• The sentence 'An erratic monsoon season can damage the economy and affect agricultural practices.' is grammatically correct.
• The article 'an' is used before the word 'erratic' because it begins with a vowel sound.
• The base form of the verb 'damage' and 'affect' is used after the modal verb 'can'.
• The conjunction 'and' is also appropriate.
• Hence, the sentence is grammatically correct.
• The corrected form of the other sentences are:
• | Option | Grammatical mistake | Corrected sentence | | --- | --- | --- | | 1. | The conjunction 'so' should be replaced with 'and' | Around 64 per cent of land used for agriculture and food crops is at risk of pesticide pollution. | | 3. | The base form of the verb 'increased', i.e. 'increase' should be used here. | The intensity of cyclones and hurricanes might increase in the next century due to global warming. | | 4. | The word 'develop' should be replaced with the word 'develops'. | Robotics develops machines that can substitute for humans and replicate human actions. |

• Therefore, option 2) is the answer.

Additional Information

• Erratic: unpredictable or inconstant

The correct answer is Infiltration is the process by which water enters the soil.

Key Points

The sentence 'Infiltration is the process by which water enters the soil.' is grammatically correct.

• The word 'Infiltration' is a singular noun that is why the singular verb (is) is used here.
• The definite article 'the' is appropriate before the noun 'process' and the word 'soil'.
• The word 'water' is an uncountable noun and it is treated as a singular noun that is why 's' is used at the end of the verb 'enter'.
• Hence, this sentence is grammatically correct.

The corrected form of the other sentences are:

Therefore, option 1) is the answer.

Additional Information

• Confluence: joining or meeting
• Envoy: a messenger or representative

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. ABDCE.

  Explanation   

• First is A as it establishes the subject i.e. high absolute numbers. A is the only opener that can form a meaningful sentence.
• Next is B as it logically follows A.
• D follows B as it tells what the absolute high numbers would be considered as.
• Next is C as D ends with 'because' and C gives the reason for the previously mentioned phrase.
• Last is E as it tells the pandemic has seemed to come to an end.

Correct sentence- High absolute numbers would be considered a good sign because the pandemic is deemed to have come to an end.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. BCDAE.

  Explanation

• First is B as it establishes the subject i.e. the growth of a particular thing. B is the only opener that can form a meaningful sentence.
• Next is C as it further elaborates B.
• D follows C as it tells in which particular area the growth is detected i.e. new infections.
• Next is A as it contextually follows C by saying that this growth presents something.
• Last is E as it tells what it presents i.e. a mixed picture.

Correct sentence- The growth in the number of new infections every day presents a mixed picture.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. BDCAE.

  Explanation 

• First is B as it establishes the subject i.e. the lockdown and job losses. B is the only opener that can form a meaningful sentence.
• Next is D as it mentions the effect of 'the lockdown and job losses'.
• C follows D as it tells who was affected.
• Next is A as it tells what they suffered.
• Last is E as A ends with 'and' and E further describes what all they suffered.

Correct sentence- The lockdown and job losses took a toll on women, many of whom suffered domestic violence and no external support.

Option 1 is the correct answer.

• Assure means to remove someone's doubts and tell someone that something will definitely happen or is definitely true, hence, A is the correct answer.
• In B, 'assure' makes no sense. It must be replaced with 'ensure' to make the sentence correct. Ensure means to guarantee or make sure of something
• In C, the use of 'assure is wrong' . 'assuring boats' makes no sense. 'Insure' must be used instead.
• Insure means to arrange for compensation in the event of damage to or loss by paying a firm or the state in return.
• Thus, the correct sentence is only A.

The correct answer is option 5- All A, B and C

Key Points

• The word sensible means 'done or chosen in accordance with wisdom or prudence; likely to be of benefit.'
• All A, B and C use the correct form of the given word.

LEFT SIDE B 2 3 G U ^ * F T L 5 9 1 6 Q # M N J D C H & S W X R @ I A 4 7 Z $ V E Y 8 RIGHT SIDE

Reversed arrangement: 

LEFT SIDE 8 Y E V $ Z 7 4 A I @ R X W S & H C D J N M # Q 61 9 5 L T F * ^ U G 3 2 B RIGHT SIDE

The 9^th element from the left end is A and the 10^th element to the right of A is D.

Hence, D is the correct answer.

LEFT SIDE B 2 3 G U ^ * F T L 5 9 1 6 Q # M N J D C H & S W X R @ I A 4 7 Z $ V E Y 8 RIGHT SIDE

23U → 3 is at the immediate right of 2 and U is the second right of 3.

*FL → F is at the immediate right of * and L is the second right of F.

91Q → 1 is at the immediate right of 9 and Q is the second right of 1.

MND → N is at the immediate right of M and D is the second right of N.

On continuing the sequence:

H&W → & is at the immediate right of H and W is the second right of &.

Hence, H&W will come in place of the question mark (?) in the series

Here, consonants immediately preceded by a number but not immediately followed by a symbol ⇒ Number - Consonants - Non-symbols

LEFT SIDE B 2 3 G U ^ * F T L 5 9 1 6 Q # M N J D C H & S W X R @ I A 4 7 Z $ V E Y 8 RIGHT SIDE

Only G is such a consonant that is immediately preceded by a number but not immediately followed by a symbol.

Hence, One such consonant is there in the above arrangement which is immediately preceded by a number but not immediately followed by a symbol.

LEFT SIDE B 2 3 G U ^ * F T L 5 9 1 6 Q # M N J D C H & S W X R @ I A 4 7 Z $ V E Y 8 RIGHT SIDE

4 and 7 numbers are between A and Z.

The product of 4 and 7 is 28.

Hence, 28 is the correct answer.

LEFT SIDE B 2 3 G U ^ * F T L 5 9 1 6 Q # M N J D C H & S W X R @ I A 4 7 Z $ V E Y 8 RIGHT SIDE

#NDH, SX@A, 7$E8, G^FL are similar pattern which is one element difference in each word but #69L has not followed a similar pattern.

Hence, #69L is the correct answer.

1). Three persons sit between P and Q.

2). R sits second to the right of P.

3). R sits fifth from the right extreme end of the line.

4). Only three persons sit between Q and S. ( From here Case 1 gets eliminated).

5). T is immediate left of P.

6). Y sits second to the left of V, who is an immediate neighbour of Q.

7). Five persons sit between S and X.

8). X sits extreme end of the line.

9). As many persons sit between R and U is same as many persons between U and S. ( From here Case 2A get eliminated).

10). As many persons sit between S and W is same as many persons sit between W and X.

The final arrangement

Hence, 21 persons are sitting in the line.

1). Three persons sit between P and Q.

2). R sits second to the right of P.

3). R sits fifth from the right extreme end of the line.

4). Only three persons sit between Q and S. ( From here Case 1 gets eliminated).

5). T is immediate left of P.

6). Y sits second to the left of V, who is an immediate neighbor of Q.

7). Five persons sit between S and X.

8). X sits extreme end of the line.

9). As many persons sit between R and U is same as many persons between U and S. ( From here Case 2A get eliminated).

10). As many persons sit between S and W is the same as many persons sit between W and X.

The final arrangement

Hence, S is sitting immediate left of Y.

1). Three persons sit between P and Q.

2). R sits second to the right of P.

3). R sits fifth from the right extreme end of the line.

4). Only three persons sit between Q and S. ( From here Case 1 gets eliminated).

5). T is immediate left of P.

6). Y sits second to the left of V, who is an immediate neighbor of Q.

7). Five persons sit between S and X.

8). X sits extreme end of the line.

9). As many persons sit between R and U is same as many persons between U and S. ( From here Case 2A get eliminated).

10). As many persons sit between S and W is the same as many persons sit between W and X.

The final arrangement

Hence, U is sitting 10^th from the right end.

1). Three persons sit between P and Q.

2). R sits second to the right of P.

3). R sits fifth from the right extreme end of the line.

4). Only three persons sit between Q and S. ( From here Case 1 gets eliminated).

5). T is immediate left of P.

6). Y sits second to the left of V, who is an immediate neighbor of Q.

7). Five persons sit between S and X.

8). X sits extreme end of the line.

9). As many persons sit between R and U is same as many persons between U and S. ( From here Case 2A get eliminated).

10). As many persons sit between S and W is the same as many persons sit between W and X.

The final arrangement

Hence, Q sits at the middle of the line.

Clearly, More than three such pairs are there.

Hence, More than three is the answer.

Given Word: CALCULATIVE

Third, the fifth, the seventh, eighth and the tenth letter : L, U, A, T, V

The word that can be formed is: VAULT

The second last letter of the word: L

Hence, ‘L’ is the correct answrer.

According to the positional values of the alphabets,

1. AEI → A + 4 = E, E + 4 = I

2. OSW → O + 4 = S, S + 4 = W

3. FJM → F + 4 = J, J + 4 = N and not M

4. QUY → Q + 4 = U, U + 4 = Y

5. PTX → P + 4 = 20, T + 4 = X

Hence, the odd one among the given options is FJM.

Given:

8 people – A, B, C, D, P, Q, R, and S

8 colors – Blue, Yellow, Pink, Orange, Red, Violet, Purple, and Grey

1. D, who likes Grey, lives on the 5^th floor, 2 floors above the one who likes Orange.
   
2. S, who likes Pink, lives above D.
   

3. 3 people live between S and B, who likes Purple.
   
4. The one who likes Purple lives immediately above the one who likes Red.
   

5. A, who likes Yellow, lives below the one who likes Blue but above the one who likes Violet.
   
6. C lives immediately above Q, who lives above B.
   
7. R lives below P.
   

Final Arrangement:

Hence, Q lives on the third floor.

Given:

8 people – A, B, C, D, P, Q, R, and S

8 colors – Blue, Yellow, Pink, Orange, Red, Violet, Purple, and Grey

1. D, who likes Grey, lives on the 5^th floor, 2 floors above the one who likes Orange.
   
2. S, who likes Pink, lives above D.
   

3. 3 people live between S and B, who likes Purple.
   
4. The one who likes Purple lives immediately above the one who likes Red.
   

5. A, who likes Yellow, lives below the one who likes Blue, but above the one who likes Violet.
   
6. C lives immediately above Q, who lives above B.
   
7. R lives below P.
   

Final Arrangement:

Hence, C likes Violet.

Given:

8 people – A, B, C, D, P, Q, R, and S

8 colors – Blue, Yellow, Pink, Orange, Red, Violet, Purple, and Grey

1. D, who likes Grey, lives on the 5^th floor, 2 floors above the one who likes Orange.
   
2. S, who likes Pink, lives above D.
   

3. 3 people live between S and B, who likes Purple.
   
4. The one who likes Purple lives immediately above the one who likes Red.
   

5. A, who likes Yellow, lives below the one who likes Blue, but above the one who likes Violet.
   
6. C lives immediately above Q, who lives above B.
   
7. R lives below P.
   

Final Arrangement:

B likes Purple.

R lives immediately below B.

Hence, Q, who likes Orange, lives 2 floors away from R.

Given:

8 people – A, B, C, D, P, Q, R, and S

8 colors – Blue, Yellow, Pink, Orange, Red, Violet, Purple, and Grey

1. D, who likes Grey, lives on the 5^th floor, 2 floors above the one who likes Orange.
   
2. S, who likes Pink, lives above D.
   

3. 3 people live between S and B, who likes Purple.
   
4. The one who likes Purple lives immediately above the one who likes Red.

5. A, who likes Yellow, lives below the one who likes Blue, but above the one who likes Violet.
   
6. C lives immediately above Q, who lives above B.
   
7. R lives below P.
   

Final Arrangement:

C lives on the 4^th floor.

Hence, A, who likes Yellow, lives 3 floors above C.

Given:

8 people – A, B, C, D, P, Q, R, and S

8 colors – Blue, Yellow, Pink, Orange, Red, Violet, Purple, and Grey

1. D, who likes Grey, lives on the 5^th floor, 2 floors above the one who likes Orange.
   
2. S, who likes Pink, lives above D.
   

3. 3 people live between S and B, who likes Purple.
   
4. The one who likes Purple lives immediately above the one who likes Red.
   

5. A, who likes Yellow, lives below the one who likes Blue, but above the one who likes Violet.
   
6. C lives immediately above Q, who lives above B.
   
7. R lives below P.
   

Final Arrangement:

Hence, P, who likes Pink, lives on Floor 6.

Six persons: A, B, C, D, E and F

Six Colours: Red, Blue, White, Pink, Yellow and Grey.

1) F likes Red.

2) F is shorter than the one who likes Pink but taller than the one who likes Blue.

Pink > F (Red) > Blue

3) The one who likes Blue is taller than C but shorter than the one who likes Pink.

Pink > F (Red) > Blue > C

4) B is taller than the one who likes Yellow but shorter than F.

5. The one who likes Yellow is taller than E.

Pink > F (Red) > B (Blue) > C (Yellow) > E

6. A likes neither Pink nor Grey.

7) The one who likes Pink is not the tallest.

A (White) > Pink > F (Red) > B (Blue)  > C (Yellow) > E (Grey)

8) The height of the second tallest is 150 cm and the height of the third lowest is 60 cm.

A (White) > D (Pink) (150)  > F (Red) > B (Blue) (60) > C (Yellow) > E (Grey)

Given:

D + F = 290

150 + F = 290

F = 290 - 150

F = 140

Hence, height of F is 140 cm.

Six persons: A, B, C, D, E and F

Six Colours: Red, Blue, White, Pink, Yellow and Grey.

1) F likes Red.

2) F is shorter than the one who likes Pink but taller than the one who likes Blue.

Pink > F (Red) > Blue

3) The one who likes Blue is taller than C but shorter than the one who likes Pink.

Pink > F (Red) > Blue > C

4) B is taller than the one who likes Yellow but shorter than F.

5. The one who likes Yellow is taller than E.

Pink > F (Red) > B (Blue) > C (Yellow) > E

6. A likes neither Pink nor Grey.

7) The one who likes Pink is not the tallest.

A (White) > Pink > F (Red) > B (Blue)  > C (Yellow) > E (Grey)

8) The height of the second tallest is 150 cm and the height of the third lowest is 60 cm.

A (White) > D (Pink) (150)  > F (Red) > B (Blue) (60) > C (Yellow) > E (Grey)

Hence, E likes the Grey colour.

Six persons: A, B, C, D, E and F

Six Colours: Red, Blue, White, Pink, Yellow and Grey.

1) F likes Red.

2) F is shorter than the one who likes Pink but taller than the one who likes Blue.

Pink > F (Red) > Blue

3) The one who likes Blue is taller than C but shorter than the one who likes Pink.

Pink > F (Red) > Blue > C

4) B is taller than the one who likes Yellow but shorter than F.

5. The one who likes Yellow is taller than E.

Pink > F (Red) > B (Blue) > C (Yellow) > E

6. A likes neither Pink nor Grey.

7) The one who likes Pink is not the tallest.

A (White) > Pink > F (Red) > B (Blue)  > C (Yellow) > E (Grey)

8) The height of the second tallest is 150 cm and the height of the third lowest is 60 cm.

A (White) > D (Pink) (150)  > F (Red) > B (Blue) (60) > C (Yellow) > E (Grey)

Hence, A likes White colour is the correct answer.

Persons – 8; R, S, T, U, W, X, Y and Z;

Months – April, May, June and July;

Dates – 7^th and 28^th;

1. Only two persons gave after U.
2. Only one person gave between U and S.

From this we get the possible arrangements:

3. S and R gave on different dates.
4. R gave after S.

    From this case II is eliminated as we cannot determine the month in which R gave the exam.

5. Five persons gave between W and T.
6. T gave before R and both gave on different dates.

7. Y gave after Z, who gave in the month which has odd number of days.

8. Y and W did not give in the same month.

From this case I is eliminated, as Y and W attended in the same month which is not possible. From this we get the final arrangement as follows.

Y gave the exam in the month of June.

Persons – 8; R, S, T, U, W, X, Y and Z;

Months – April, May, June and July;

Dates – 7^th and 28^th;

1. Only two persons gave after U.
2. Only one person gave between U and S.

From this we get the possible arrangements:

3. S and R gave on different dates.
4. R gave after S.

    From this case II is eliminated as we cannot determine the month in which R gave the exam.

5. Five persons gave between W and T.
6. T gave before R and both gave on different dates.

7. Y gave after Z, who gave in the month which has odd number of days.

8. Y and W did not give in the same month.

From this case I is eliminated, as Y and W attended in the same month which is not possible. From this we get the final arrangement as follows.

Except W, all other persons gave the exam in odd numbered date.

W is the odd one out.

Persons – 8; R, S, T, U, W, X, Y and Z;

Months – April, May, June and July;

Dates – 7^th and 28^th;

1. Only two persons gave after U.
2. Only one person gave between U and S.

From this we get the possible arrangements:

3. S and R gave on different dates.
4. R gave after S.

    From this case II is eliminated as we cannot determine the month in which R gave the exam.

5. Five persons gave between W and T.
6. T gave before R and both gave on different dates.

7. Y gave after Z, who gave in the month which has odd number of days.

8. Y and W did not give in the same month.

From this case I is eliminated, as Y and W attended in the same month which is not possible. From this we get the final arrangement as follows.

Only one person gave the exam between X and Z.

Persons – 8; R, S, T, U, W, X, Y and Z;

Months – April, May, June and July;

Dates – 7^th and 28^th;

1. Only two persons gave after U.
2. Only one person gave between U and S.

From this we get the possible arrangements:

3. S and R gave on different dates.
4. R gave after S.

    From this case II is eliminated as we cannot determine the month in which R gave the exam.

5. Five persons gave between W and T.
6. T gave before R and both gave on different dates.

7. Y gave after Z, who gave in the month which has odd number of days.

8. Y and W did not give in the same month.

From this case I is eliminated, as Y and W attended in the same month which is not possible. From this we get the final arrangement as follows.

Here, the number of persons who gave the exam before R is six similarly the number of persons gave the exam after T is also six.

T is the correct answer.

Persons – 8; R, S, T, U, W, X, Y and Z;

Months – April, May, June and July;

Dates – 7^th and 28^th;

1. Only two persons gave after U.
2. Only one person gave between U and S.

From this we get the possible arrangements:

3. S and R gave on different dates.
4. R gave after S.

    From this case II is eliminated as we cannot determine the month in which R gave the exam.

5. Five persons gave between W and T.
6. T gave before R and both gave on different dates.

7. Y gave after Z, who gave in the month which has odd number of days.

8. Y and W did not give in the same month.

From this case I is eliminated, as Y and W attended in the same month which is not possible. From this we get the final arrangement as follows.

X gave the exam on 7th in April.

The correct answer is: 1

Given:

5, ?, 104, 655, 4314

Calculation:

The series follows the following pattern:

(5 + 1³) x 3 = 18

(18 + 2³) x 4 = 104

(104 + 3³) x 5 = 655

(655 + 4³) x 6 = 4314

∴ 18 will come in place of ?

Calculation:

The series follows following pattern:

⇒ 510 – 200 = 310

⇒ 310 – 100 = 210   

⇒ 210 – 50 = 160

⇒ 160 – 25 = 135

⇒ 135 – 12.5 = 122.5

∴ The value of ? is 310

Note: Difference is divided by 2

Given:

22, 23, ?, 147, 592, 2965

Calculation:

The series follows the following pattern

22 × 1 + 1 = 23

23 × 2 + 2 = 48

48 × 3 + 3 = 147

147 × 4 + 4 = 592

592 × 5 + 5 = 2965

∴ The value of "?" is 48.

Given:

24, 12, 18, 45, ?, 708.75

Calculation:

The logic follows here is:

24 × (1/2) = 12

12 × (3/2) = 18

18 × (5/2) = 45

45 × (7/2) = 157.5 

157.5 × (9/2) = 708.75

∴ ? = 157.5

Calculation:

22 + 8 = 30

30 + 8 + 3 = 41

41 + 8 + 3 + 4 = 56

56 + 8 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 76

76 + 8 + 3 + 4 + 5 + 6 = 102

∴ The value of (?) is 76.

Given:

(?)% of 79.87 = √{(12.01)2 + (4.99)2} + (70% of 209.98)

Concept used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

(?)% of 79.87 = √{(12.01)2 + (4.99)2} + (70% of 209.98)

⇒ (?)% of 80 = √{(12)² + (5)²} + (70% of 210)

⇒ (?)% of 80 = √{144 + 25} + 147

⇒ (?)% of 80 = √169 + 147

⇒ (?)% of 80 = 13 + 147

⇒ (?)% of 80 = 160

⇒ (? × 80)/100 = 160

⇒ ? = (160 × 100)/80

⇒ ? = 200

∴ The value of '?' will be 200.

Given:

√143.83 + √255.89 ÷ (3.98)2 × 24.93 = ?2 - ∛1727.66

Concept Used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

Since, we need to find out the approximate value, we can write these values to their nearest integers.

√143.83 + √255.89 ÷ (3.98)2 × 24.93 = ?² - ∛1727.66

⇒ √144 + √256 ÷ 42 × 25 = ? - ∛1728

⇒ 12 + 16 ÷ 16 × 25 = ?² - 12

⇒ 12 + 25 + 12 = ?2

⇒ ?2 = 49

⇒? = √49

⇒ ? = 7

∴ The value of ‘?’ is 7.

Given: 

(1/2) of (675.99)1/2 × 168.69 × (2196.99)1/3 ÷ {13 × (10 + 3)} = 13?

Concept Used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

Since we need to find out the approximate value, we can write these values to their nearest integers.

(1/2) of (675.99)1/2 × 168.69 × (2196.99)1/3 ÷ {13 × (10 + 3)} = 13?

⇒ (1/2) × (676)1/2 × 169 × (2197)1/3  ÷ {13 × (10 + 3)} = 13?

⇒ (1/2) × √676 × (13)² × ∛2197  ÷ (13 × 13) = 13?

⇒ (1/2) × 26 × (13)2 × 13  ÷ (13)² = 13?

⇒ 13 × (13)2 × 13  ÷ (13)2 = 13?

⇒ 13 × 13 = 13^?

⇒ (13)² = 13^?

After comparing the power,

? = 2

∴ The value of ‘?’ Is 2.

Given: 

19.99% of 1224.98 - √(1295.93) × 3.99 - 87.69 = ?

Concept Used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

19.99% of 1224.98 - √(1295.93) × 3.99 - 87.69 = ?

⇒ 20% of 1225 - √1296 × 4 - 88 = ?

⇒ (20/100) × 1225 - 36 × 4 - 88 = ?

⇒ (1225/5) - 144 - 88 = ?

⇒ 245 - 232 = ?

⇒ ? = 13

∴ 13 will come in place of the question mark ('?').

Given:

70.98 × 35.02 + 1235.99 – 48.03 × 24.96 – ? ÷ 2.96 = 99.98 × 24.97

Concept used:

Rules of Approximation:

1. If a number has digits to the right of the decimal less than 5, then just drop the digits to the right of the decimal. The number so obtained will be the approximated value.
2. If a number has digits to the right of the decimal more than 5, then just drop the digits to the right of the decimal and raise the remaining number by '1'.The number so obtained will be the approximated value.

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

70.98 × 35.02 + 1235.99 – 48.03 × 24.96 – ? ÷ 2.96 = 99.98 × 24.97

⇒ 71 × 35 + 1236 – 48 × 25 – ? ÷ 3= 100 × 25

⇒ 2485 + 1236 – 1200 – ? ÷ 3 = 2500

⇒ 2521 – ? ÷ 3 = 2500

⇒ ? ÷ 3 = 2521 – 2500

⇒ ? = 21 × 3

⇒ ? = 63

∴ 63 should come in place of the question mark (?).

Common explanation:

Let the monthly salary of Priya = 100x Rs.

Then, monthly expenditure on rent of Priya = 10% of 100x = 10x Rs

Remaining amount of Priya = 100x - 10x = 90 x

Saving of Priya = 90x/2 = 45x

Now, the monthly salary of Reet = 100y Rs

Then, monthly expenditure on rent = 14% of 100y = 14y

Remaining amount of Reet = 100y – 14y = 86y

Saving of Reet = 86y/2 = 43y

The monthly salary of Gagan = monthly salary of Priya = 100x Rs

The monthly expenditure of Gagan on rent = 16% of 100x = 16x

Remaining amount of Gagan = 100x – 16x = 84x

Saving of Gagan = 84x/2 = 42x

Now, the monthly salary of Priya and Gagan are same and the monthly saving of Priya is 360 Rs more than that of Gagan

⇒ 45x – 42x = 360

⇒ 3x = 360

⇒ x = 120

Now, the total expenditure of Priya and Reet together on rent is Rs. 1240 more than that of Gagan.

⇒ 10x + 14y = 16x + 1240

⇒ 14y = 6x + 1240

⇒ 14y = 6 × 120 + 1240 = 1960 Rs

⇒ y = 1960/14 = 140

Formula:

Expenditure of Priya and Reet = Expenditure of Priya + Expenditure of Reet

Calculation:

 The monthly expenditure of Priya  = 10x = 10 × 120 = 1200 Rs

The monthly expenditure of Reet = 14y = 14 × 140 = 1960

⇒ The expenditure of Priya and Reet together = 1200 + 1960 = 3160 Rs

∴ Expenditure of both Priya and Reet is 3160 Rs.

Common explanation:

Let the monthly salary of Priya = 100x Rs.

Then, monthly expenditure on rent of Priya = 10% of 100x = 10x Rs

Remaining amount of Priya = 100x - 10x = 90 x

Saving of Priya = 90x/2 = 45x

Now, the monthly salary of Reet = 100y Rs

Then, monthly expenditure on rent = 14% of 100y = 14y

Remaining amount of Reet = 100y – 14y = 86y

Saving of Reet = 86y/2 = 43y

The monthly salary of Gagan = monthly salary of Priya = 100x Rs

The monthly expenditure of Gagan on rent = 16% of 100x = 16x

Remaining amount of Gagan = 100x – 16x = 84x

Saving of Gagan = 84x/2 = 42x

Now, the monthly salary of Priya and Gagan are same and the monthly saving of Priya is 360 Rs more than that of Gagan

⇒ 45x – 42x = 360

⇒ 3x = 360

⇒ x = 120

Now, the total expenditure of Priya and Reet together on rent is Rs. 1240 more than that of Gagan.

⇒ 10x + 14y = 16x + 1240

⇒ 14y = 6x + 1240

⇒ 14y = 6 × 120 + 1240 = 1960 Rs

⇒ y = 1960/14 = 140

Formula:

Difference of salary of Reet and Priya = salary of Reet – salary of Priya

Calculation:

Salary of Priya = 100x = 100 × 120 = 12000 Rs

Salary of Reet = 100y = 100 × 140 = 14000 Rs

⇒ Difference of their salary = 14000 – 12000 = 2000 Rs

∴ Monthly salary of Reet is 2000 Rs more than that of Priya.

Common explanation:

Let the monthly salary of Priya = 100x Rs.

Then, monthly expenditure on rent of Priya = 10% of 100x = 10x Rs

Remaining amount of Priya = 100x - 10x = 90 x

Saving of Priya = 90x/2 = 45x

Now, the monthly salary of Reet = 100y Rs

Then, monthly expenditure on rent = 14% of 100y = 14y

Remaining amount of Reet = 100y – 14y = 86y

Saving of Reet = 86y/2 = 43y

The monthly salary of Gagan = monthly salary of Priya = 100x Rs

The monthly expenditure of Gagan on rent = 16% of 100x = 16x

Remaining amount of Gagan = 100x – 16x = 84x

Saving of Gagan = 84x/2 = 42x

Now, the monthly salary of Priya and Gagan are same and the monthly saving of Priya is 360 Rs more than that of Gagan

⇒ 45x – 42x = 360

⇒ 3x = 360

⇒ x = 120

Now, the total expenditure of Priya and Reet together on rent is Rs. 1240 more than that of Gagan.

⇒ 10x + 14y = 16x + 1240

⇒ 14y = 6x + 1240

⇒ 14y = 6 × 120 + 1240 = 1960 Rs

⇒ y = 1960/14 = 140

Formula:

Required percent = (total saving of all/total salary of all ) × 100

Calculation:

Their total monthly salary = (100x + 100y + 100x ) Rs. = 200x + 100y

⇒ Rs ( 200 × 120 + 100 × 140 ) = 24000 + 14000 = 38000 Rs

Now, total saving  of all = ( 45x + 43y + 42x )

⇒ 87x + 43y = 87 × 120 + 43 × 140 = 10440 + 6020

⇒ 16460 Rs

Required % = 16460 × 100/38000

⇒ 43.31%

∴ Monthly saving of all three together is 43.31% of their total salary.

Shortcut Trick

Total Efficiency of A + C = 4 + 3 = 7 units/hr.

Total Capacity of tank = 7 × 12 = 84 units.

Work done in 7 hours = 7 × 7 = 49 units. Remaining work = 84 − 49 = 35 units.

Efficiency of B = 35 ÷ 17.5 = 2 units/hr.

Time for B alone = 84 ÷ 2 = 42 hours.

∴ The correct answer is 42 hr.

Alternate Method

Given: Efficiency of C : A = 3 : 4. Total time for A + C = 12 hours.

Formula: Total Work = Combined Efficiency × Total Time

⇒ Total Capacity = (4 + 3) × 12 = 84 units

⇒ Tank filled by A and C in 7 hours = 7 × 7 = 49 units

⇒ Remaining tank capacity = 84 − 49 = 35 units

⇒ Efficiency of Pipe B = Remaining Work ÷ Time taken by B

⇒ Efficiency of B = 35 ÷ 17.5 = 2 units/hr

⇒ Time taken by B alone = Total Capacity ÷ Efficiency of B

⇒ Time = 84 ÷ 2 = 42 hours

∴ The correct answer is 42 hr.

Additional Information

Efficiency and Time Relationship

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time taken to complete a work. If the ratio of efficiencies is x:y, the ratio of time taken is y:x.

Work and Wages

Wages are distributed based on the ratio of work done by each person or pipe. If time is constant, wages are shared in the ratio of their efficiencies.

Pipes and Cisterns Negative Work

Inlet pipes do positive work while outlet or leakage pipes do negative work. Net efficiency = ∑(Inlet Efficiency) − ∑(Outlet Efficiency).

Given:

Container with 100 gm of silver is mixed with 60 gm of Copper

32 gm of the mixture from the container is taken out and a certain quantity of copper and silver is mixed in the ratio of 4 : 3

The ratio of silver to Copper in the resulting mixture is 49 : 36

Calculation:

According to question,

Container with 100 gm of silver is mixed with 60 gm of Copper

Ratio of silver and copper initially = 100 : 60 = 5 : 3

32 gm of mixture from container is taken out

⇒ Quantity of silver taken out = (5/8) × 32 = 20 gm

⇒ Quantity of copper taken out = (3/8) × 32 = 12 gm

Let the quantity of copper and silver mixed be 4x and 3x

Now,

$\Rightarrow \frac{{100 - 20; + ;3x}}{{60 - ;12; + ;4x}} = \frac{{49}}{{36}}$

$\Rightarrow \frac{{80; + ;3x}}{{48; + ;4x}} = \frac{{49}}{{36}}$

⇒ (100 – 20 + 3x) × 36 = (60 – 12 + 4x) × 49

⇒ 2880 + 108x = 2352 + 196x

⇒ 88x = 528

⇒ x = 6

∴ Quantity of copper added = 4x = 4 × 6 = 24 gm

Shortcut Trick

Relative speed (Opposite) = Length ÷ Time = 30 ÷ 8 = 3.75 m/s = 13.5 km/hr.

Speed of Train = 13.5 − 8 = 5.5 km/hr.

Relative speed (Same Direction) = 30 ÷ 3 = 10 m/s = 36 km/hr.

Speed of Person 2 = 36 − 5.5 = 30.5 km/hr.

∴ The correct answer is 30.5 km/hr.

Alternate Method

Given: Length of train = 30 m, Time 1 = 8 s, Speed of Person 1 = 8 km/hr, Time 2 = 3 s.

Formula: Speed = Distance ÷ Time; 1 m/s = 18/5 km/hr.

⇒ Case 1 (Opposite direction): Relative Speed = (V_t + 8) km/hr.

⇒ (V_t + 8) × (5/18) = 30 ÷ 8

⇒ V_t + 8 = (30 ÷ 8) × (18 ÷ 5) = 3.75 × 3.6 = 13.5

⇒ Speed of Train (V_t) = 13.5 − 8 = 5.5 km/hr.

⇒ Case 2 (Same direction as Person 1, so opposite to train): Relative Speed = (V_p2 + V_t).

⇒ (V_p2 + 5.5) × (5/18) = 30 ÷ 3

⇒ V_p2 + 5.5 = 10 × (18 ÷ 5) = 36

⇒ V_p2 = 36 − 5.5 = 30.5 km/hr.

∴ The correct answer is 30.5 km/hr.

Additional Information

Relative Speed

In the opposite direction, relative speed is the sum of speeds (u + v). In the same direction, it is the difference (u − v).

Unit Conversion

To convert km/hr to m/s, multiply by 5/18. To convert m/s to km/hr, multiply by 18/5.

Train Crossing a Point Object

When a train crosses a person, pole, or tree, the distance covered is equal to the length of the train.

Given:

Ratio of Seats for class 9^th, 10^th, and 11^th is 8 : 10 : 12

Increase percentage for the class 9^th, 10^th, and 11^th is 30%, 40% and 50% respectively

Calculation:

Let the number of seats for class 9^th, 10^th and 11^th respectively = 8x, 10x, 12x

Number of increase seats for class 9^th, 10^th and 11^th respectively,

⇒ (130% of 8x), (140% of 10x) and (150% of 12x)

⇒ (130/100 × 8x), (140/100 × 10x) and (150/100 × 12x)

⇒ (52x/5), (14x) and (18x)

Required ratio,

⇒ 52x/5 : 14x : 18x

⇒ 52x : 70x : 90x 

⇒ 26 : 35 : 45

∴ The ratio of increased seats is 26 : 35 : 45.

Note: 

Instead of multiplying and simplifying in the end we can go with

8 : 10 : 12

(130/100 × 8):(140/100 × 10):(150/100 × 12)

(13× 8):(14× 10):(15× 12)

26:35:45

The ratio of cost price of two articles is 4 ∶ 9

⇒ Let the cost price of first article = 4x

The cost price of second article = 9x

The articles are marked up by 40% and 15% respectively

⇒ Marked price of first article = 4x × (140/100) = 5.6x

Marked price of second article = 9x × (115/100) = 10.35x

The ratio of their Marked price is 112 ∶ 207

⇒ Marked price of first article = 112y

Marked price of second article = 207y

∴ 5.6x = 112y

⇒ x = 20y

According to question,

Selling price of first article = 112y × (7/8) = 98y      ----(12.5% = 1/8)

Profit = 98y – 4x = 270

⇒ 98y – 80y = 270

⇒ 18y = 270

⇒ y = 15

∴ x = 20 × 15 = 300

⇒ Cost price of second article = 300 × 9 = 2700

Marked price of second article = 2700 × (115/100) = 3105

Selling price of second article = 3105 × (8/9) = 2760

∴ Profit earned = 2760 – 2700 = 60

∴ The profit earned on second article is Rs.60

Let us take the two cases before and after interchanging the amounts, to know the principal for the latter case.

Let the amount invested at 15% be x and the amount invested at 20% be y

For case 1(before interchanging the amounts),

We know, Simple interest = (P × R × T)/100

1900 = (15x + 20y)/100

38000 = 3x + 4y

Multiplying whole equation with 4, we get

152000 = 12x + 16y ----(1)

For case 2(after interchanging the amounts),

1900 + 550 = (15y + 20x)/100

49000 = 3y + 4x

Multiplying whole equation with 3, we get

147000 = 12x + 9y ----(2)

Subtracting equation 2 from 1, we get,

152000 - 147000 = 16y - 9y

y = Rs. 714.28

∴ The amount invested at 20% was Rs. 714.2