DSSSB PRT Official Paper 6 Oct 2018 Shift 3 (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed is:

Logic: The addition of +1 to the square of a number is done.

 

Therefore, the correct answer is "401".

The logic followed is:

'animals' is called 'red',

'red' is called 'water',

'water' is called 'sky',

'sky' is called 'cloud',

'cloud' is called 'air'

'air' is called 'fish'

Animals → Red → Water → Sky → cloud → Air →  Fish

As FIsh lives in water but water is called "Sky".

Therefore, the correct answer is "Sky".

The logic followed is:

Just as the triangle inside the circle in figure 1 is related to the triangle in figure 2. 

Similarly,

The square in figure 3 is related to the answer option (1).

Thus the complete series will be:

Therefore, the correct answer should be "option 1".

Important PointsThe orientation of the figure will not change.

Mistake PointsThe option 4 is not the correct answer because the orientation of the square has changed here while in the given question series orientation of the next figure is the same.

The mirror images of all alphabets are given below:

So, for "HUNT"

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Additional InformationSometimes water images of letters are also asked.

As per the question, Vinay is facing in the south direction considering it is "O".

Vinay turns his right and moves to "A" while traveling "20".

From "A" he moves to the right and moves "10m" and goes to point "B".

From point "B" he took a left turn and travels "10m" to reach point "C".

Now he take a right and went to point "D" after traveling "20m".

From he took a right turn and stopped at point "E" after traveling "60m".

Therefore, the final diagram will be:

 

As it can be seen clearly that position of "E" with respect to "O" is "Northeast"

Therefore, the correct answer is "Northeast".

As per the question we need to find answers to the given question as per the given statements.

Question: Which is the lightest among A, B, C, D, and E?

We need to find who among the following is lightest by using two statements if possible.

Statement:

1. C is heavier than B and E but lighter than D.

Now, D > C.

C > B. C > E.

2. D is not the heaviest.

So, the arrangement should be:

A > D > C > E,B.

As it can be seen that after Both of the statements lightest person is not found out.

Therefore the correct answer is "The data in both the statements 1 and 2 together are not sufficient to answer the question".

The logic followed is:

Logic: There are 40 students and we have to find Mukesh's position from the right end.

As per the question,

After shifting 4 places to the left, Akbar's place becomes 10^th from left.

Hence, he was 14^th from the left end earlier.

Also, Mukesh was sitting 3^rd to the right of Akbar when counted from his earlier position.

Now, the earlier positions of Akbar and Mukesh are as follows:

As it can be seen that Mukesh is 17^th from the left end.

Therefore, Mukesh's position from right position will be: 

⇒ x + 17 - 1 = 40.

⇒ x + 16 = 40.

⇒ x = 24.

Therefore, the correct answer will be "24".

Let, the present age of Nivetha be "x" years.

The present age of her mother is "y" years.

According to the question,

The Sum of ages of Nivetha and her mother is 56.

Therefore, 

\(\implies x + y = 56 \) → Equation 1

After four years,

The age of Nivetha will be  "(x + 4)" years.

The age of her mother will be "(y + 4)" years.

As per the question,

The age of the mother will be three times Nivetha's.

Therefore,

\(\implies 3( x + 4) = (y + 4) \)

\(\implies 3x + 12 = y + 4\)

\(\implies 3x - y = -8\) → Equation 2

On solving equations 1 and 2,

⇒ 4x = 48

⇒ x = 12

Putting value of x in equation 1 we get:

⇒ 12 + y = 56

⇒ y = 44

x = 12 and  y = 44.

Therefore,

The present age of Nimetha is "12" years.

The present age of the mother is "44" years.

Therefore, the correct answer is "12 years, 44 years".

Logic: Change the symbol as per the question then use the "BODMAS" rule to solve the equation.

 

Given : 26 + 74 - 4 × 5 ÷ 4 = ?

After changing the symbols the equation becomes:

26 × 74 ÷ 4 - 5 + 4.

→ 26 × 18.5  - 5 + 4.

→  481 + 4  - 5.

→ 485 - 5.

→ 480.

Therefore, the correct answer is "480".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as below:

Statements:

1. Suman is talented.

2. Suman is a male.

Now, for the conclusion.

1. Men are talented.

False. As there is no relationship between male and talented.

2. Suman is talented because he is a man.

False. As there is no relationship between Suman, men, and talent.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Neither conclusion 1 nor 2 follows".

Logic: There are five persons who are sitting in a row and we have to set them as per the above conditions.

Rohini is sitting extreme left end. Kiruba is sitting next to Rohini.

Now, Sunita is sitting next to Preeti. Sunita is not sitting next to Dhanya.

Now, the above given is the final arrangement.

Now, as it can be seen that "Preeti" and "Kiruba" are immediate neighbours of "Sunita".

Therefore, the correct answer is "Preeti and Kiruba".

Logic: As Bike and Car are two different types of vehicles.

So, the Venn diagram should be:

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1".

It takes seven seconds to strike 7.

The number of intervals is 6.

For 9 strikes the number of strikes will be 8.

Therefore, the time taken by Clock to strike 9 will be:

\(8 (7/6)\) second.

\((4 \times 7)/3\) second.

\(28/3 \) second.

\(9\frac{1}{3}\) second.

Therefore, the correct answer is "\(9\frac{1}{3}\)second".

The logic followed is:

Logic: These terms are related to the solar system.

For "option 1" MARS:

Mars is the second planet in the solar system.

For "option 2" JUPITER:

Jupiter is also a planet that is in the fifth position.

For "option 3" MOON:

Moon is the only natural satellite of the earth.

For "option 4" VENUS:

Venus is also a planet that is in the second position.

As it can be seen that all the options are planets except the moon which is a satellite.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Moon".

The family chart is as follows:

Drawing the family tree as per the given information:

As it can be seen that mala is the mother of that man.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Son".

Given:

P, Q, R, S, T are five teachers. They teach different subjects.

1. P and Q teach Computer science and English.

 

2. R and Q teach English and Science.

 

3. S and P teach Mathematics and Computer Science.

 

4. T and Q teach Hindi and French.

 

As it is seen that "English" is being taught by " P, Q and R" and "Computer" is also taught by "P, Q and S" that is more than two but here in option only 'English' is given than the answer will be 'English'. 

Therefore, the correct answer is "English".

We need to choose the word which is definitely present in a river.

For, option1: Delta.

An area that divides the flows of the river into many. Basically, it is triangular in shape. 

False. As deltas are not necessarily present in rivers.

For, Option2: Tree.

False. As trees are not always present River.

For, Option3: Shore.

True. It is the land area along the flow length of the river. Shores are always present on a river.

For, Option4: Boat. 

False. Boats are not necessarily available in a river.

Therefore, the correct answer should be "Shore".

Logic: In each column addition of squares of numbers is done.

For column 1:

So, "16 + 36 + 169 = 221".

For column 2:

So, "64 + 121 + 100 = 285".

For column 3:

So, "81 + 1 + 225 = 307".

For column 4: 

So, "144 + 100 + 49 = 293".

Therefore, the correct answer is "307"

The logic followed is:

Original order before interchanging the alphabets:

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z.

Logic: We need to write the English alphabets in reverse order and perform the following operation.

Now writing in reverse order:

Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O N M L K J I H G F E D C B A.

As it can be seen that after reversing the alphabet 14^th from the left end is "M ".

Now, the 5^th to the left of "M".

Z Y X W V U T S R Q P O N M L K J I H G F E D C B A.

Now, the 5^th to the left of "M" is "R".

Therefore, the correct answer is "R".

The logic followed is:

Logic: The pattern followed is given below:

 

Therefore, the correct answer will be "72".

The answer is neither 1 nor 2.

Key Points

• The gross national product (GNP) is an estimate of the total worth of all final products and services produced in a particular time by means of production held by the citizens of a country.
• It is generally computed by adding personal consumption expenditures, private domestic investment, government spending, net exports, and any income generated by citizens from overseas investments, less income earned inside the domestic economy by foreign residents.
• GNP measures the total monetary value of the output produced by a country's residents.
• Therefore**, any output produced by foreign residents within the country's borders is excluded in calculations of GNP**, while any output produced by the country's residents outside of its borders is counted.
• GNP is related to the country's residents and not related to foreign income. Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
• GNP includes income generated by citizens from overseas investments but does not include income earned by foreigners within the country. Hence statement 2 is also correct.

The correct answer is South Africa,

Key Points

• This summit was held in Johannesburg, South Africa.
• The 10^th BRICS Summit was convened in South Africa. and its theme was "BRICS in Africa: Collaboration for Inclusive Growth and Shared Prosperity in the 4^th Industrial Revolution".
• The abbreviation BRICS refers to the five key rising economies of Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa.
• The BRICS summit is attended by heads of government.
• India virtually hosted the most recent 13^th BRICS summit on September 9, 2021.

Additional Information

• The term BRIC was coined in 2001 by British economist Jim O'Neill to designate the four developing economies of Brazil, Russia, India, and China.
• The association was formalized at the inaugural BRIC Foreign Ministers' conference in 2006.
• South Africa was asked to join BRIC in December 2010, after which the abbreviation BRICS was coined.
• The BRICS group brings together five of the world's major developing countries, accounting for 41% of the global population, 24% of global GDP, and 16% of worldwide commerce.

The correct answer is Bihu.

• Bihu is a regional dance of Assam.

Key Points

• Bihu:
• This dance is usually performed by young men and women.
• The dancing style is characterized by brisk steps and rapid hard movements.
• In this folk dance, the traditional costumes of dancers are colourful and centred around the red colour theme.
• This dance is mainly found in the Tezpur and Darrang districts of Assam.
• It is performed outdoors, in fields, groves, etc.
• It is a set of three important festivals:
• Rongali or Bohag Bihu observed in April.
• Kongali or Kati Bihu observed in October.
• Bhogali or Magh Bihu was observed in January.

Additional Information

• Purbi is the folk dance of Bihar.
• Kummi is a folk dance of Tamil Nadu.
• Hikat is a folk dance of Jammu and Kashmir.

The correct answer is Silver.

• Silver metal has anti-bacterial properties.

Key Points

• Silver
• It is a chemical element with the symbol Ag and atomic number 47.
• A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal.
• Symbol: Ag
• Atomic mass: 107.8682 u
• Atomic number: 47
• Electron configuration: [Kr] 4d¹⁰5s¹
• Melting point: 961.8 °C
• Density: 10.49 g/cm³
• Silver is antimicrobial it kills bacteria, fungi and viruses.
• It is the positively charged silver ions, Ag+ that possess the antimicrobial effect.
• Silver ions kills microorganisms through various different modes of action.

The correct answer is shooter.

Key Points

• Saurabh Chaudhary is an Indian sports shooter who won a gold medal in the 10 m Air Pistol at the 2018 Asian Games.
• He was the Asian Games' youngest gold medallist from India.
• In the ISSF Junior World Cup in Suhl, Germany, he had already won gold medals and set a new junior world record.
• He is the first Indian shooter to have won gold in the ISSF World Championship, ISSF World Cup, Youth Olympic Games, Asian Games, and Asian Air Gun Championship.
• In January 2020, he earned 63^rd gold in men's 10-meter air pistol at the 63^rd National Shooting Championship.

​

The correct answer is Lesser Himalayas.

Key Points

• The Jawahar Tunnel, also known as the Banihal Tunnel, is a road tunnel located in the Indian region of Jammu and Kashmir.
• It is located on NH 1A, which has been renumbered NH 44, between Banihl and Qazigund. The tunnel allows for year-round traffic access between Srinagar and Jammu.
• Between 1954 and 1960, Alfred Kunz and C. Barsel of Germany built the tunnel. In 1960, the Border Roads Organization rebuilt the tunnel as part of the BEACON project.
• Banihal Pass, at a height of 2,832 meters, is a mountain pass that crosses the Pir Panjal Range.
• It links the Kashmir Valley in Jammu and Kashmir's union territory to the outer Himalayas and the plains to the south.
• Lesser Himalayas range in altitude from 900 to 1100 meters. These mountains are made up of unconsolidated sediments carried down by rivers from the major Himalayan peaks farther north.
• These valleys are covered in alluvium and heavy gravel. Duns is the name given to the longitudinal valley that runs between the lower Himalayas and the Shiwaliks.

The correct answer is Literature, Science, Art, and Social Service.

Key Points

• The President of India nominates twelve members to the Rajya Sabha for six-year terms for their contributions to the arts, literature, sciences, and social services.
• According to the Fourth Schedule, Articles 4(1) and 80(2) of the Indian Constitution, the President has this power.
• The Council of States (Rajya Sabha) is comprised of no more than 250 members, 12 of whom are appointed by the President of India, according to Article 80 of the Constitution.
• Ranjan Gogoi, Ex-Chief Justice of India is also a nominated member of the Rajya Sabha.

The correct answer is a seismometer.

• Seismometer records the intensity of an earthquake.

Key Points

• The seismometer is used to record the intensity of an earthquake.
• It was invented by Luigi Palmieri.

Additional Information

• Lactometer is used to measure the purity of milk.
• The hygrometer is used to measure the amount of water vapor in air.
• A thermometer is used to measure the temperature.

The correct answer is closed-circuit television.

• The full form of CCTV is a closed-circuit television.

Key Points

• CCTV is an acronym for closed-circuit television.
• The inventor of the CCTV camera was Walter Bruch.
• It was first used in 1942 in Germany.
• It is used for video surveillance.
• It uses video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors.

The correct answer is Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and President.

• The Parliament of India consists of Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha and President.

Key Points

• Parliament of India:
• The Parliament is the legislative organ of the Union government.
• It occupies a pre-eminent and central position in the Indian democratic political system due to the adoption of the parliamentary form of government, also known as the ‘Westminster’ model of government.
• Articles 79 to 122 in Part V of the Constitution deal with the organization, composition, duration, officers, procedures, privileges, powers and so on of the Parliament.
• The Parliament of India consists of three parts viz, the President, the Council of States(Rajya Sabha) and the House of the People(Lok Sabha).
• Though the President of India is not a member of either House of Parliament and does not sit in the Parliament to attend its meetings, he is an integral part of the Parliament. This is because a bill passed by both the Houses of Parliament cannot become law without the President’s assent.
• The parliamentary form of government emphasizes the interdependence between the legislative and executive organs.

The correct answer is Manipur.

• Recently the Lok Sabha passed a bill to set up a National Sports University in Manipur.

Key Points

• National Sports University Act 
• It establishes and incorporates a National Sports University with its headquarters in the State of Manipur.
• The National Sports University Bill, 2018 was introduced in Lok Sabha by Mr Rajyavardhan Singh Rathore, Minister of Youth Affairs and Sport
• It extends to the whole of India.
• The central government will review and inspect the functioning of the University.
• Functions of the University are:-
• Prescribing courses
• Granting degrees
• Providing status to a college/institutions
• Distance learning programs

Additional Information

• Manipur:
• It shares borders with Myanmar, the State of Nagaland, Assam, Mizoram and Myanmar.
• N Biren Singh is the present CM of Manipur.
• Najma Heptulla  is the Governor of Manipur.
• Imphal is the capital of Manipur.

The correct answer is 1950.

Key Points

• The Minimum Support Price of Bajra in the year 2018-2019 was Rs 1950 per quintal.
• Whereas the Minimum Support Price of Bajra in the year 2021-2022 was Rs 2250 per quintal.

Additional Information

• The Government of India announces minimum support prices for specific crops at the start of the sowing season based on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices.
• MSP is fixed on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), which is an apex advisory body for pricing policy under the Ministry of Agriculture.
• The MSPs acted as the floor pricing and were set by the government as a long-term guarantee for producers' investment decisions, with the certainty that prices of their commodities would not be permitted to fall below the level set by the government, even in the case of a bumper crop.

The correct answer is 2 Only.

Key Points

• Mandamus:
• It literally means 'we command'. Hence, statement 1 is incorrect.
• It is a command issued by Court to a Public official asking him to perform his official duties that he has failed/refused to perform.​
• It can also be issued against any public body, a corporation, an inferior court, a tribunal or government for the same purpose. Hence, statement 2 is correct.
• The writ of Mandamus cannot be issue:
• Against a private individual or body.
• To enforce departmental instruction that does not possess statutory forces.
• When the duty is discretionary and not mandatory.
• To enforce a contractual obligation.
• Against the President of India and state Governors.
• Against the chief justice of High Court acting in judicial capacity.

Additional Information 

• Writ:
• Supreme court under Article 32 and High court under Article 226 can issue the writs of Habeas corpus, Mandamus, Prohibition, Certiorari, Qu-warranto.
• writs borrowed from English law they are known as prerogative writs.

The correct answer is Sering Tobgay.

Key Points

• Tshering Tobgay is a Bhutanese politician, environmentalist, and cultural activist who served as Bhutan's Prime Minister from July 2013 until August 2018.
• From March 2008 to April 2013, he was also the Leader of the Opposition in the National Assembly.
• He is from the People's Democratic Party.
• He visited India on 5 July 2018, for a 3-day meeting with Indian officials.

Additional Information

• Lotay Tshering is the current Prime Minister of Bhutan.
• Jigme Khesar Namgyel Wangchuck is the monarch of Bhutan.

The correct answer is Atmaram Pandurang.

Key Points

• Prarthana Samaj, was a religious and social reform movement in Bombay, India, based on previous reform movements.
• Atmaram Pandurang created Prarthana Samaj on 31 March 1867, when Keshub Chandra Sen visited Maharashtra, with the goal of convincing people to believe in and worship just one God.
• It became popular when Mahadev Govind Ranade joined.
• Prarthana Samaj critically studied the relationships between modern social and cultural structures and religious beliefs, prioritising social reform above political reforms already undertaken by the British government.

Additional Information

• Sir Ramakrishna Gopal Bhandarkar was a scholar, orientalist, and social reformer from India.
• Rao Bahadur Mahadev Govind Ranade, often known as Justice Ranade, was a scholar, social reformer, judge, and author from India. He was a member of the Indian National Congress party from its inception.
• Sir Narayan Ganesh Chandavarkar was a Hindu reformer and early Indian National Congress leader. Some referred to him as the leading Hindu reformer in Western India.

The correct answer is nominal effective exchange rate.

Key Points

• The nominal effective exchange rate (NEER) is the unadjusted weighted average rate at which one country's currency trades for a basket of foreign currencies.
• The nominal exchange rate is the amount of local currency required to acquire foreign currency at the current exchange rate.
• The NEER is a measure of a country's international competitiveness in the foreign currency (forex) market.
• The NEER is also used as the trade-weighted currency index by forex dealers.
• It indicates whether a currency is weak or strong, or if it is weakening or strengthening in relation to international currencies.

The correct answer is Harishen.

• Harishen was the court poet of Samudragupta.

Key Points 

• Harishen was the Sanskrit poet, panegyrist, and government minister.
• He was the court poet of Samudragupta.
• The poem describes the bravery of Samudragupta and is inscribed on the Allahabad Pillar.
• The Pillar was an Asokan Pillar erected by Asoka six centuries before him.
• This Inscription is a eulogy of Samudra Gupta and mentions the conquests of Samudra Gupta and the boundaries of the Gupta Empire.
• As per this inscription, Samudra Gupta defeated 9 kings in the North, 12 Kings in the South, reducing all the Atavika states to vassalage.
• Allahabad Prasasti, composed by Harishena, does not bear any date and for this reason, historians have presumed that it was composed probably before the Ashwamedha Yajna performed by Samudragupta.

Additional Information

• Banbhatta:
• He was the court poet of Harsha Vardhan. (who reigned c. 606–647 CE).
• He wrote the famous Harshcharit.
• He also wrote Kadambari, Chandi Shatak, and Parvati Parinay.
• The Kamasutra was written by Vatsyayana​.

The correct answer is Satpura mountain.

• Tapi river originates from Satpura mountain.

Key Points

• The Satpura range is a range of hills that runs between the Narmada and Tapti rivers.
• The range rises in Gujarat running east through the Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh border to the east till Chhattisgarh.
• The Tapti River originates in the eastern-central part of Satpura.
• It is known as the twin of the Narmada river.
• The total length of this river is 724 km.
• Its tributaries are Betul, Purna, and Arunvati.

Additional Information

• The Narmada originates from the north-eastern part of the Satpura ranges.
• Tributaries of Narmada are Hiran, Tawa, Banjar and Shar.
• The length of the river is about 1312 km.
• Kumaon Himalayas are located between the Sutlej River east to the Kali River.
• ​The Vindhya Range 
• Vindhyachal is a complex, discontinuous chain of mountain ridges, hill ranges, highlands and plateau.
• The Vindhya Range runs north of and roughly parallel to the Narmada River in Madhya Pradesh, and its hilly extensions.
• The range extends up to Gujarat in the west, Uttar Pradesh and Bihar in the north and Chhattisgarh in the east.

The correct answer is 2, 1, 3, 4.

Key Points

• Dynasties of Delhi Sultanate in chronological order:
• The Slave dynasty (1206–1290)
• The Khalji dynasty (1290–1320)
• The Tughlaq dynasty (1320–1414)
• The Sayyid dynasty (1414–1451)
• Lodi dynasty (1451–1526).

The correct answer is 79.6%.

Key Points

• As per 2011 Census data, the overall literacy rate of Nagaland is 79.6%.
• Whereas the male and female literacy rate of Nagaland is 82.75% and 76.11% respectively.
• According to the 2011 census, Nagaland has a total population of 1,978,502, with males accounting for 1,024,649 and females accounting for 953,853.
• In 2001, the total population was 1,990,036 people, with men accounting for 1,047,141 people and females accounting for 942,895.
• The overall population growth rate in this decade was -0.58 percent, compared to 64.41 percent in the preceding decade.
• In India literacy rate is calculated as the overall proportion of an area's population aged seven years or older at a given moment who can read and write with comprehension.

Additional Information

• Neiphiu Rio is the current Chief Minister of Nagaland.
• Jagdish Mukhi is the current Governor of Nagaland.

Concept:

The unit digit of power of a number repeats itself every 4^th time

Calculation:

x = 2381 + 2760 - 368

⇒ x = (23)(20 × 4) + 1 + (27)(15 × 4) - (36)(2 × 4)

⇒ Unit digit of x will be determined by unit digit of (231 + 274 - 364) 

⇒ Unit digit of 231 = 3

⇒ Unit digit of 274 = 1

⇒ Unit digit of 364 = 6

Hence, unit digit of x is given by (3 + 1 - 6) = - 2; Since, unit digit can not be negative, Hence, to make it positive, we have to add 10 as these numbers are in decimal form

∴ Unit digit of x = - 2 + 10 = 8

Given:

When a person sells 30 articles, he incurs a loss equal to the selling price(SP) of 2 articles

Formula used:

Loss% = (Loss/CP) × 100

Loss = CP - SP

CP = Cost price

Calculation:

Let the SP of one article = s

Total SP = 30s

⇒ Loss = 2s

Let the CP of 1 article = c

Total CP = 30c

⇒ 2s = 30c - 30s

⇒ s/c = 15/16

⇒ There is 1 unit of loss on 16 units of CP

Loss% = (1/16) × 100

∴ Loss = 6.25%

Given:

Rs. 6480 is divided among A, B and C

6A = 4B = 3C

Calculation:

6A = 4B = 3C

⇒ Divide all by 12(LCM of 4, 6, 3)

⇒ A/2 = B/3 = C/4

⇒ A : B : C = 2 : 3 : 4

C's share = 4 units out of total 3 + 2 + 4 = 9 units

∴ Share of C = (4/9) × 6480 = Rs. 2880

Given: 

The boat can cover 15 km upstream and 18 km downstream distance in total 4 hours

Speed of the stream = 3 kmph

Formula used:

Speed = distance/time

Upstream speed(u) = b - w

Downstream speed(d) = b + w

b = speed of the boat in still water

w = speed of the stream

Calculation:

According to the question:

15/(b - 3) + 18/(b + 3) = 4

⇒ 4b² - 36 = 15b + 45 + 18b - 54

⇒ 4b² - 33b - 27 = 0

⇒ (4b + 3)(b - 9) = 0

⇒ b = 9, - 3/4

Since it can not be negative, hence b = 9

∴ Downstream speed = 9 + 3 = 12 kmph

Calculation:

Let x = \(0.8\overline{9}\)

⇒ 10x = \(8.\overline{9}\)     ----eq.1

⇒ 100x = \(89.\overline{9}\)     ----eq.2

By subtracting eq.1 from eq.2:

90x = 81

x = 9/10

Let y = \(0.5\overline{46}\)

⇒ 10y = \(5.\overline{46}\)     ----eq.3

⇒ 1000y = \(546.\overline{46}\)     ----eq.4

By subtracting eq.3 from eq.4:

990y = 541

⇒ y = 541/990

Let z = \(0.\overline{12}\)     ----eq.5

⇒ 100z = \(12.\overline{12}\)     ----eq.6

By subtracting eq.5 from eq.6:

99z = 12

⇒ z = 4/33

\(0.8\overline{9}-0.5\overline{46}-0.\overline{12}\) = x - y - z

⇒ 9/10 - 541/990 - 4/33

∴ ​\(0.8\overline{9}-0.5\overline{46}-0.\overline{12}\)​ = \(0.\overline{23}\)

Concept:

Mean proportion of p and q is given by √(pq)

Third proportion of p and q is given by q2/p

Calculation:

Given numbers = 12 and 3

⇒ p = 12; q = 3

Mean proportion = √(12 × 3) = 6

Third proportion = (3 × 3)/12 = 0.75

Difference between the mean proportion and third proportion = 6 - 0.75= 5.25

Formula used:

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab

(a - b)2 = a2 + b2 - 2ab

Calculation:

\(\dfrac{52.9\times47.1}{(529+471)^2-(529-471)^2}\)

⇒ \(\dfrac{52.9\times47.1}{529^2 + 471^2 + 2 \times 529 \times 471 - 529^2 - 471^2 + 2 \times 529 \times 471}\)

By multiplying both numerator and denominator by 100:

⇒ 1/100[\(\dfrac{529\times471}{4 \times 529\times 471}\)]

⇒ 1/400

∴ \(\dfrac{52.9\times47.1}{(529+471)^2-(529-471)^2}\) = 0.0025

Given:

The triangle has its sides as 9 cm, 12 cm, 15 cm

3 circles of radius 2 cm each are drawn at all the three vertices of the triangle.

Formula used:

Area of a circle = πr2

r = radius of the circle

Area of a traingle = bh/2

b = base of the triangle

h = height of the triangle corresponding to the base b

Right-angled triangle property:

Hypotenuse2 = perpendicular2 + base2

Calculation:

From the dimension of the sides, we can deduce that it is a right angles triangle, as 152 = 92 + 122

Area of the triangle(T) = (9 × 12)/2 = 54 cm2

Since, sum of all interior angles of a triangle = 180º, hence the area of the circles inside the triangle has a sector angle of 180º in total. Also, the sector angle of a complete circle = 360º

⇒ Area of the circles that is in the part of triangle as well(A) = πr2/2 

⇒ A = [3.14 × (22)]/2 = 6.28 cm2

∴ Required area = 54 - 6.28 = 47.72 cm2

Given:

HCF and sum of 2 numbers are 23 and 276 respectively

Both the numbers are of 3 digits

Concept:

Co prime numbers are those numbers that have only 1 as their common factor

Calculation:

Let the numbers be 23x and 23y; (since 23 is their HCF)

⇒ 23x + 23y = 276

⇒ x + y = 12

The pairs possible following the condition of co-prime = (1, 11), (5, 7)

Pair of possible numbers: (23, 253), (115, 161)

Since, both the numbers are of 3 digits, hence (23, 253) rejected

∴ Sum of their reciprocals = 1/115 + 1/161 = 12/805

Given:

A fixed distance is travelled at speed 60 kmph and another same distance is travelled at speed x kmph

Average speed of the total journey = 48 kmph

Formula used:

Average speed = Total distance/Total time

Calculation:

Let the total distance travelled by him be 2d

Then, according to the question:

48 = 2d/[(d/60) + (d/x)]

⇒ 24 = 60x/(60 + x)

⇒ 36x = 1440

x = 40 km/h

∴ The value of x is 40 km/hr.

Given:

Total students in the class = 60

Average marks of the total class = 69.2

Boys in the class = 40% of total

Average marks of boys = 65

Formula used:

Average of n numbers = sum of all numbers/n

Calculation:

Boys in the class = (0.4)60 = 24

Girls in the class = 60 - 24 = 36

Total marks of all students = 60 × 69.2 = 4152

Total marks of all boys = 24 × 65 = 1560

Let the average marks of girls be g

⇒ 4152 = 36g + 1560

⇒ g = 72

∴ Average marks of the girls = 72

Given:

The radius of a circle is reduced by 40%

Formula used:

Area of a circle = πr²

r = radius of the circle

Calculation:

Let initial radius be r

⇒ Reduced radius = 0.6r

Initial area = πr²

Reduced area = π(0.6r)²

Decrease in area = πr² - π(0.6r)² = 0.64πr²

∴ Percentage decrease = 0.64πr²/πr² × 100 = 64%

Given:

Principal(P) = 7200

Time period(T) = 2 years

Difference between compound interest(CI) and simple interest(SI) = Rs. 25.92

Formula used:

SI = (P × R × T)/100

Amount on CI(A) = P[1 + (R/100)]T

SI = A - P

R = Rate of interest

Difference between CI and SI on same P for 2 years is the interest received on SI of the first year

Calculation:

According to the question:

25.92 = P[1 + (R/100)]T - P - (P × R × T)/100

⇒ 25.92 = P[{1 + (R/100)}2 - 1 - 2R/100]

⇒ 25.92 = 7200/10000[(100 + R)2 - 10000 - 200R]

⇒ 36 = R2

⇒ R = 6

∴ Interest rate = 6%

Alternate Method

SI of first-year = P(R/100)

SI on interest of 1^st year = P(R/100) = P(R2/10000)

According to the question:

25.92 = 7200(R2/10000)

⇒ R = 6%

Given:

Two numbers are less than the third number by 28% and 36% respectively

Calculation:

Let the third number be x

⇒ 1^st and 2^nd numbers respectively are 0.72x and 0.64x

2^nd number is less than 1^st number = 0.72x - 0.64x = 0.08x

∴ Percentage less = (0.08x/0.72x) × 100 = 100/9%

Given:

Efficiency of A, B and C is in the ratio 4 : 3 : 7

They can complete a work in 12 days by working together

Calculation:

Total efficiency of all three working together = 4 + 3 + 7 = 14

Total work done in 12 days = 14 × 12

Let B will complete the work in n days, working alone

⇒ 3n = 14 × 12

⇒ n = 56

∴ B alone will complete the work in 56 days

Calculation:

Given number = 22000

253 = 15625; 30² = 27000

⇒ 22,000 is somewhere between 253 and 303

Checking for 263 = 17576

Checking for 273 = 19683

Checking for 283 = 21952

Checking for 293 = 24389

⇒ 22000 lies between 283 and 293

22000 - 21952 = 48

Hence, 48 should be subtracted to make it a perfect cube.

∴ Sum of digits = 4 + 8 = 12

Given:

12 men can complete 4 units of work by working 8 hours per day in 20 days

Formula used:

(m1 × d1 × h1)/w1 = (m2 × d2 × h2)/w2

m = number of men

d = number of days

h = number of hours

w = work

Calculation:

According to the question:

(12 × 20 × 8)/4 = (15 × d2 × 6)/9

⇒ d2 = 48

∴ 15 men working 6 hours a day can complete 9 units of work in 48 days.

Given:

Marked price(MP) of the article = Rs. 6750

Selling price(SP) = Rs. 4590

Two successive discounts on MP = 15% and x% respectively

Formula used:

Discount = MP - SP

Discount% = (Discount/MP) × 100

Calculation:

According to the question:

SP = MP(85/100)[(100 - x)/100]

⇒ 4590 = 6750(17/20)[(100 - x)/100]

⇒ 0.8 = [(100 - x)/100]

⇒ 80 = 100 - x

∴ x = 20%

Given:

Concept:

Mean is the average of a data

Calculation:

Total number of citizens = 50 + 60 + 80 + 60 + 30 + 20 = 300

Total age of all citizens = (50 × 7.5) + (60 × 22.5) + (80 × 37.5) + (60 × 52.5) + (30 × 67.5) + (20 × 82.5) = 11550

∴ Mean = 11550/300 = 38.5

Given:

Calculation:

Number of citizens in the class interval 45-60 = 60

Total number of citizens = 50 + 60 + 80 + 60 + 30 + 20 = 300

The total measure of the angle of the pie chart = 360º

∴ Central angle of pie chart for class interval 45-60 = (60/300) × 360 = 72º

प्रस्तुत गद्यांश में उल्लेखित किया गया है कि शुक्ल जी मनोविकारों का विश्लेषण परीक्षण जीवन के 'अनुभव' के आधार पर करते हैं। अत: इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर 'अनुभव' है।

Key Points

जीवन शब्द के पर्यायवाची : 

जीवन : ज़िंदगी,उम्र, आयु, आयुष 

Additional Informationशुक्ल जी की शैली पर उनके व्यक्तित्व की पूरी-पूरी छाप है। यही कारण है कि प्रत्येक वाक्य पुकार कर कह देता है कि वह उनका है। सामान्य रूप से शुक्ल जी की शैली अत्यंत प्रौढ़ और मौलिक है। उसमें गागर में सागर पूर्ण रूप से विद्यमान है। शुक्ल जी की शैली के मुख्यतः तीन रूप हैं :

1. आलोचनात्मक शैली : शुक्ल जी ने अपने आलोचनात्मक निबंध इसी शैली में लिखे हैं। इस शैली की भाषा गंभीर है। उनमें संस्कृत के तत्सम शब्दों की अधिकता है। वाक्य छोटे-छोटे, संयत और मार्मिक हैं। भावों की अभिव्यक्ति इस प्रकार हुई है कि उनको समझने में किसी प्रकार की कठिनाई नहीं होती।
2. गवेषणात्मक शैली : इस शैली में शुक्ल जी ने नवीन खोजपूर्ण निबंधों की रचना की है। आलोचनात्मक शैली की अपेक्षा यह शैली अधिक गंभीर और दुरूह है। इसमें भाषा क्लिष्ट है। वाक्य बड़े-बड़े हैं और मुहावरों का नितान्त अभाव है।
3. भावात्मक शैली : शुक्ल जी के मनोवैज्ञानिक निबंध भावात्मक शैली में लिखे गए हैं। यह शैली गद्य-काव्य का सा आनंद देती है। इस शैली की भाषा व्यवहारिक है। भावों की आवश्यकतानुसार छोटे और बड़े दोनों ही प्रकार के वाक्यों को अपनाया गया है। बहुत से वाक्य तो सूक्ति रूप में प्रयुक्त हुए हैं।

इस गद्यांश में उल्लेख है कि शुक्ल जी ने प्रेम से 'करुणा को' जोड़ा है। अत: इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर 'करुणा' है। बाकी सभी विकल्प गलत हैं। 

Key Pointsप्रेम शब्द के विलोम शब्द : 

प्रेम : नफरत, घृणा, बैर, ईर्ष्या 

Additional Informationआचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल का हिन्दी साहित्य में स्थान : 

शुक्ल जी शायद हिन्दी के पहले समीक्षक हैं जिन्होंने वैविध्यपूर्ण जीवन के ताने बाने में गुंफित काव्य के गहरे और व्यापक लक्ष्यों का साक्षात्कार करने का वास्तविक प्रयत्न किया। उन्होंने 'भाव या रस' को काव्य की आत्मा माना है। पर उनके विचार से काव्य का अंतिम लक्ष्य आनन्द नहीं बल्कि विभिन्न भावों के परिष्कार, प्रसार और सामंजस्य द्वारा लोकमंगल की प्रतिष्ठा है। उनकी दृष्टि से महान् काव्य वह है जिससे जीवन की क्रियाशीलता उजागर हुई हो। इसे उन्होंने काव्य में लोकमंगल की साधनावस्था कहा है। शुक्ल जी की समस्त मौलिक विचारणा लोकजीवन के मूर्त आदर्शों से प्रतिबद्ध है। 'हमारे हृदय का सीधा लगाव प्रकृति के गोचर रूपों से है' इसलिए कवि का सबसे पहला और आवश्यक काम 'बिंबग्रहण' या 'चित्रानुभव' कराना है। पूर्ण विंबग्रहण के लिए वर्ण्य वस्तु की 'परिस्थिति' का चित्रण भी अपेक्षित होता है। इस प्रकार शुक्ल जी काव्य द्वारा जीवन के समग्र बोध पर बल देते हैं। जीवन में और काव्य में किसी तरह की एकांगिता उन्हें अभीष्ट नहीं।

इस गद्यांश में उल्लेखित है कि शुक्ल जी के मनोवैज्ञानिक निबंध उनके काव्यशास्त्रीय एवं समालोचकीय चिंतन की ही भूमिका हैं। अत: इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर विकल्प संख्या 2 यानि मनोवैज्ञानिक निबंध है। अन्य सभी विकल्प गलत हैं। 

Key Points

• मनोवैज्ञानिक परीक्षण :व्यक्ति के स्वभाव के वस्तुनिष्ठ एवं मानक माप हैं। आर. एन. गियन के अनुसार मनोवैज्ञानिक परीक्षण वे हैं जो कौशल, योग्यताओं अथवा व्यक्तिगत विशेषताओं का माप मनोमीतीय

 प्रामाणिक व्यवहार के प्रतिचयनों द्वारा किये जाते हैं। 

• शुक्ल जी ने अपने मनोवैज्ञानिक निबंधों में इन्हीं मानवीय गुणों का विवेचन किया है।

Confusion Points 

• कुछ विद्यार्थी चिंतन और चिंता को एक ही बात समझने की भूल कर बैठते हैं। जबकि ऐसा नहीं है। चिंता का अर्थ होता है फिक्र और चिंतन का अर्थ होता है विचार विमर्श करना।

    

Important Points

• चिंतन शब्द के पर्यायवाची :
• चिंतन = सोचना, विचार विमर्श, राय मशविरा

Additional Information

• चिंता शब्द के विलोम शब्द :
• चिंता = बेफिक्री, आराम, मौज, मज़े, आनंद, चैन

प्रस्तुत गद्यांश में उनके निबंध 'लोभ और प्रीति' के बारे में बताया गया है। अत: इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर 'लोभ और प्रीति' है, बाकी सभी विकल्प गलत हैं। 

Key Points

• लोभ के पर्यायवाची :
• लोभ : लालच, तृष्णा
• प्रीति शब्द के पर्यायवाची :
• प्रीति : प्रेम, प्यार, अनुराग, स्नेह

Important Points

• प्रीति शब्द के विलोम शब्द :
• प्रीति : घृणा, नफरत, ईर्ष्या

 Confusion Points

• प्रीति एक संमश्रुति  भिन्नार्थक शब्द है। अर्थात ऐसे शब्द जो सुनने में तो एक जैसे लगते हैं परंतु वास्तव में अलग होते हैं एवं अलग अर्थ व्यक्त करते हैं। प्राय: विद्यार्थी प्रीति और प्रति में भ्रम कर जाते हैं। प्रीति का अर्थ होता है प्रेम जबकि प्रति का प्रयोग ''किसी के लिए'' के भाव में प्रयोग होता है।

Additional Information   कुछ अन्य समश्रुति भिन्नार्थक शब्द : 

मनोविकार मन में उत्पन्न 'भावों से' ही संबन्धित होते हैं। अन्य सभी उत्तर गलत हैं। 

Key Points

• मनोविज्ञान शब्द का संधि विच्छेद :

             मनोविज्ञान : मन: + विज्ञान = मनोविज्ञान 

• मनोविज्ञान में विसर्ग संधि है।

Additional Informationआचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल का हिन्दी साहित्य में योगदान : 

शुक्ल जी का 'हिंदी साहित्य का इतिहास' हिंदी का गौरवग्रंथ है। साहित्यिक प्रवृत्तियों के आधार पर किया गया कालविभाग, साहित्यिक धाराओं का सारर्थक निरूपण तथा कवियों की विशेषताबोधक समीक्षा इसकी प��रमुख विशेषताएँ हैं। शुक्ल जी की कविताओं में उनके प्रकृतिप्रेम और सावधान सामाजिक भावों द्वारा उनका देशानुराग व्यंजित है। इनके अनुवादग्रंथ भाषा पर इनके सहज आधिपत्य के साक्षी हैं।

आचार्य शुक्ल बहुमुखी प्रतिभा के साहित्यकार थे। जिस क्षेत्र में भी कार्य किया उसपर उन्होंने अपनी अमिट छाप छोड़ी। आलोचना और निबंध के क्षेत्र में उनकी प्रतिष्ठा युगप्रवर्तक की है। "काव्य में रहस्यवाद" निबंध पर इन्हें हिन्दुस्तानी अकादमी से 500 रुपये का तथा चिंतामणि पर हिन्दी साहित्य सम्मलेन, प्रयाग द्वारा 1200 रुपये का मंगला प्रसाद पारितोषिक प्राप्त हुआ था।

इसका सही उत्तर 'अकिंचन' होगा। अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं।

Key Points

• 'जिसके पास कुछ भी न हो' वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द- 'अकिंचन' है।

अन्य विकल्प:

Additional Information

"नृत्य" शब्द तत्सम शब्द है। क्योंकि यह संस्कृत से ज्यों के त्यों प्रयोग में लिए जाने वाला शब्द है।

नृत्य शब्द का तद्भव शब्द 'नाच' होता है।

Key Points

Additional Information 

'मिठास' भाववाचक संज्ञा का उदाहरण है।

Key Points

• ‘मिठास’ शब्द भाववाचक संज्ञा का उदाहरण है।
• किसी प्राणी या पदार्थ के स्वभाव, गुण, भाव आदि का बोध करने वाले शब्द भाववाचक संज्ञा कहलाते हैं।
• • मीठा, थकान, गुस्सा आदि

Additional Information 

उपर्युक्त विकल्पों में से 'कटरा' एक देशज शब्द है। जिसका अर्थ होता है, छोटा चौकोर बाज़ार।अन्य विकल्पों के शब्द विदेशज हैं। अतः सही विकल्प 'कटरा' है।

Key Points

Additional Information

दिए गए सभी विकल्पों में ‘हत्या’ शब्द स्त्रीलिंग है। 

Mistake Points जैसे - उसकी 'हत्या' धारदार चाकू से की गई। - हत्या स्त्रीलिंग 

इंदौर में अन्नपूर्णा मंदिर में हवन किया गया - हवन पुल्लिंग 

किताब का हाशिया छोटा होता है - हाशिया पुल्लिंग

किसान खेत में हल चलाता है - हल पुल्लिंग

Key Points

स्पष्टीकरण:  

उपर्युक्त विकल्पों में ‘हत्या’ शब्द स्त्रीलिंग है जबकि हल, हवन, हाशिया ये सभी शब्द पुल्लिंग हैं।

Additional Information 

विशेष:

उपर्युक्त विकल्पों में से ‘दुराग्रह’ सही उत्तर है। अन्य विकल्प इसके सही उत्तर नहीं हैं।

Key Points 

• 'आग्रह' का सही विलोम शब्द 'दुराग्रह' है।
• आग्रह का अर्थ –  हठ
• दुराग्रह का अर्थ – अनुचित हठ

अन्य शब्द - 

Additional Information

दिये गए विकल्पों में से ‘डंक’ तद्भव शब्द है। अतः इसका सही उत्तर विकल्प 1 ‘डंक’ होगा। अन्य विकल्प सही उत्तर नहीं हैं।

Key Points

स्पष्टीकरण: 

अन्य विकल्प:

Additional Information

विशेष:

इसका सही उत्तर ‘उत् + घाटन’ होगा। अन्य विकल्प अनुचित हैं। 

Key Points

• किसी वर्ग का पहला वर्ण (क्, च्, ट्, त्, प्) + कोई स्वर या व्यंजन = पहले वर्ण के स्थान पर तीसरा वर्ण (ग्, ज्, ड्, ब्)। जैसे- तल्लीन = तत् +लीन आदि
• ‘उद्घाटन’ का संधि-विच्छेद- ‘उत् + घाटन’ है। ‘उत् + घाटन= उद्घाटन’ अर्थात यहाँ व्यंजन संधि है।

Additional Information 

दिए गए विकल्पों में से ‘सन्तोष’ शब्द ‘सम्’ उपसर्ग से बना है। अन्य विकल्प इसके उचित उत्तर नहीं हैं।

Key Points

• ' सन्तोष' = सम् + तोष
• ‘सम् ’ उपसर्ग से बनने वाले अन्य शब्द - संयम, संयोग, संकीर्ण.आदि।
• ‘सम् ’ का अर्थ – बराबर

Additional Information 

इसका सही उत्तर ‘गुणवाचक’ होगा। अन्य विकल्प सही उत्तर नहीं हैं।

जैसे - रोहन प्रतिदिन 'ताजा' फल खाता है।

Key Points 

 

Additional Information

सही उत्तर 'क' है। 

उपदेशक के समान बैठक शब्द में भी 'क' प्रत्यय का प्रयोग होता है। अतः अक नही होगा, क प्रत्यय ही होगा।

Key Points

• उपदेशक' शब्द में 'क' प्रत्यय है। उपदेश +क = उपदेशक
• अक प्रत्यय से बने अन्य शब्द- लेखक, पाठक, गायक
• उप उपसर्ग से बने अन्य शब्द - उपवास, उपसंहार, उपदेश, उपहार
• कृत् (कृदन्त) मूल क्रिया के साथ कृत् प्रत्यय को जोड़कर नए शब्दों की रचना की जाती है।

Additional Information 

• प्रत्यय - वे शब्द हैं जो दूसरे शब्दों के अन्त में जुड़कर, अपनी प्रकृति के अनुसार, शब्द के अर्थ में परिवर्तन कर देते हैं। प्रत्यय शब्द दो शब्दों से मिलकर बना है – प्रति + अय।

प्रति का अर्थ होता है ‘साथ में, पर बाद में" और अय का अर्थ होता है "चलने वाला", अत: प्रत्यय का अर्थ होता है साथ में पर बाद में चलने वाला। जिन शब्दों का स्वतंत्र अस्तित्व नहीं होता वे किसी शब्द के पीछे लगकर उसके अर्थ में परिवर्तन कर देते हैं।

'मकान की दोनों तरफ दीवार है। - इस वाक्य में 'मकान की' इस अंश में कारक चयन की अशुद्धि है।

Key Points 

• 'मकान की दोनों तरफ दीवार है।' में कारक चयन सम्बन्धी अशुद्धि है।
• इस वाक्य में 'मकान की' के स्थान पर ‘मकान के’ का प्रयोग उचित होगा।

Additional Information

'अमिय' शब्द आम का पर्यायवाची नहीं है। अन्य विकल्प 'आम' के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं।

Key Points 

• 'अमिय' के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द 'पीयूष, सोम, अमी, जीवनोदक, अमृत, सुधा आदि हैं।
• 'आम' शब्द के अन्य पर्यायवाची - पिकबंधु, रसाल, आम्र, सौरभ,अंब, अमृतफल, अतिसौरभ, सहकार, अमृतफल, फलश्रेष्ठ,' आदि हैं।

Additional Information

दिए गए विकल्पों में 'आवश्यकता' शब्द की वर्तनी शुद्ध है। अत: सही उत्तर ‘आवश्यकता’ है। अन्य सभी शब्दों की वर्तनी त्रुटि पूर्ण हैं।

Key Points

• ‘आवश्यकता का अर्थ ‘आवश्यक होने की अवस्था, जरूरत।’
• अन्य विकल्प अवस्यकता, आवस्यकता और अवश्यकता अशुद्ध वर्तनी है।

Additional Information 

दिये गए विकल्पों में से ‘बेलाग' में अव्ययीभाव समास होगा। अतः इसका सही उत्तर ‘अव्ययीभाव समास’ होगा। अन्य विकल्प सही उत्तर नहीं हैं।

Key Points

स्पष्टीकरण: 

‘बेलाग’= बिना लाग का 

इस शब्द में अव्ययीभाव समास होगा क्योंकि यहाँ पर 'बे' एक अव्यय की तरह प्रयुक्त हो रहा है।

Additional Information

अन्य विकल्प:

The correct answer is 'isn't she?'

Key Points

• Question tags: Question tags are short questions at the end of statements. They are mainly used in speech when we want to: 
• confirm that something is true or not, or
• to encourage a reply from the person we are speaking to.
• They are formed with the auxiliary or modal verb from the statement and the appropriate subject.
• A positive statement is followed by a negative question tag while a negative statement is followed by a positive question tag.
• Example: 
• Jack is from Spain, isn't he?
• They aren't funny, are they?
• The given sentence is in Simple present tense.
• Simple present tense: Simple present tense is used when an action is happening right now, or when it happens regularly.
• Structure:
• Subject+ do/does+not+ first form of verb or Subject+ V1(s/es)
• Example: He plays cricket.
• Therefore, from the above-given explanation, it is clear that the correct auxiliary verb for simple present tense is 'is' and therefore question tag for the given sentence will use 'is'. Since the sentence is positive the question tag will be negative.
• Thus, 'isn't she?' will be used in the blank.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'She is a smart worker, isn't she? '

The correct answer is 'DBCAE'.

Key Points 

• Statement D  will be first in sequence as it introduces the subject 'Youngsters'.
• Statement B will follow Statement D as it mentions what hooking up to smart phones does to youngsters.
• Statement C will follow statement B as it mentions the effect of not participating in outdoor sports.
• Statement A will follow statement C as it asks how to increase the participation of youngsters in outdoor sports.
• Statement E will be the last part.

Therefore, the correct sequence is DBCAE.

• Sequence:
• D. Youngsters are hooked on to their smart phones.
• B. Phones have kept them away from outdoor sports.
• C. This has resulted in poor fitness among them.
• A. The question is how to entice them to take up physical activity.
• E. The only way seems to be to coax them out of this habit.

The correct answer is 'Humans have feelings'.

Key Points

• A complete sentence has the following characteristics:
• It must have a subject and verb.
• It must convey the complete thought.
• Among the given options, only option 3 has subject and verb also it conveys the complete thought.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is 'Calm'.

Key Points

• Panicky: feeling or characterized by uncontrollable fear or anxiety.
• Example: Is he the panicky type?
• Calm: peaceful, quiet, and without worry.
• Example: Now keep calm everyone, the police are on their way.
• Thus, from above we can conclude that the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Hostile: unfriendly; antagonistic.
• Angry: feeling or showing strong annoyance, displeasure, or hostility; full of anger.
• Scared: fearful; frightened.

The correct answer is 'He is a compulsive liar. Therefore, no one trusts him.'

Key Points

• Inspite of: without being affected by the particular factor mentioned.
• Example: He was suddenly cold in spite of the sun.
• Despite: without being affected by; in spite of.
• Example: He remains a great leader despite age and infirmity.
• Therefore: for that reason; consequently.
• Example: He was injured and therefore unable to play.
• Thus, from above it is clear that among the options only option 3 makes the most sense.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is 'Until'.

Key Points

• Let's explore options:
• Nor: used to introduce a further negative statement.
• Example: I can't be at the meeting and nor can Andrew.
• Until: up to (the time that).
• Example: I was up until three o'clock trying to get it finished!
• Despite: without taking any notice of or being influenced by; not prevented by.
• Example: I still enjoyed the week despite the weather.
• Either: used in negative sentences instead of "also" or "too".
• Example: I don't eat meat and my husband doesn't either.
• Thus, from above we can conclude that 'until' will be used in the blank.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Until she sees with her eyes. she won't believe it.'

The correct answer is 'Rajeev has been waiting'.

Key Points

• Present perfect continuous tense: The present perfect continuous tense (also known as the present perfect progressive tense) shows that something started in the past and is continuing at the present time.
• Structure:
• Subject+ has/have + been+ -ing form of verb.
• Example: He has been running for four hours now.
• Thus, from above it is clear that 'Rajeev has been waiting' will be used in the blank.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Rajiv has been waiting for 9 hours now. He arrived at 7 AM and its 4 PM now.'

The correct answer is 'Exact'.

Key Points

• Specific: clearly defined or identified.
• Example: The virus attacks specific cells in the brain.
• Exact: accurate or correct in all details.
• Example: The exact distance is 1.838 metres.
• Thus, from above we can conclude that the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

• Long: continuing for a large amount of time.
• Renovated: restore (something old, especially a building) to a good state of repair.
• Nearby: close by; very near.

The correct answer is 'is training'.

Key Points

• Present continuous tense: The present continuous (present progressive) tense is a way to convey any action or condition that is happening right now, frequently, and may be ongoing. It adds energy and action to writing, and its effect helps readers understand when the action is happening.
• Structure: Subject+ is/am/are+ -ing form of a verb.
• Example: He is playing cricket.
• Thus, from above we can conclude that 'is training' will be used in the blank.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Shefali is training to become an air hostess.'