DSSSB PRT Official Paper 6 Oct 2018 Shift 1 (Previous Year Paper)

Pulp is a lignocellulosic fibrous material prepared by chemically or mechanically separating cellulose fibers from wood, fiber crops, waste paper, or rags.

Similarly;

The 'rubber' refers to durable, waterproof, and elastic material made from natural or synthetic latex.

Hence, "Rubber : Latex" is the correct answer.

According to the English alphabet series and its positional value:

The logic follows here is: 

Similarly;

Hence, "TWPQJX" is the correct answer.

Statement:

Politicians arrived at the public function in their cars.

Conclusions:

I. All politicians are rich.

This is not necessary all the politicians are rich. 

So, this conclusion does not follow.

II. Politicians have cars.

This is the mandate that all politicians have cars.

So, This conclusion II is follows.

Ill. Politicians come to public functions.

Politicians come to many public functions like inauguration ceremonies, Group marriages, many speeches etc.

So, This conclusion III follows.

Hence, Both conclusions II and III follow.

The water image of this image is:

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

According to question;

Code for "small" is "3".

Code for "toy" is "7".

So, code for "beautiful" is "2".

Hence, "option (2)" is the correct answer.

1. Murali is in the middle of the row.

2) Raju is adjacent to Murali.

3. Raju is not adjacent to Sudhakar or Anil.

4. Ashwin is not adjacent to Sudhakar. 

Hence, Ashwin is adjacent to Raju.

Option 1:

"÷" is the mathematical operator.

Option 2:

"!" is the Exclamation mark.

Option 3:

"+" is the mathematical operator.

Option 4:

"-" is the mathematical operator.

Except for option (2), all are mathematical operators.

While;

"!" is the Exclamation mark.

Hence, Option (2) is the correct answer.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbol:

According to the given information

So, Lady's brother is father in law of Varun.

Hence, The lady is the sister of Varun’s father-in-law.

Tenth to the right of the 18^th

18^th letter from the right end is ‘I’

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Tenth to the right of the 18^th is ‘S’

A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

Hence, ‘S’ is the correct answer.

Arun ranks 10^th in his class. 

Statements:

I. His friend got 58^th rank, which is the last.

As given Arun's friend got 58^th rank from last. It means there are 58 students in the class.

So, statement I is sufficient to give answer.

II. Arun’s rank from the last is 49^th.

Given in question;

Arun's rank from start = 10^th

From Statement II:

Arun's rank from last = 49^th

Total number of student = Arun's Rank from Start + Arun's Rank from Last - 1

= 10 + 49 - 1

= 58

So, statement I is sufficient to give answer.

Hence, Data in either statement I or statement II alone is sufficient to answer the question.

All conditions are as follows;

Only condition (iii) and (v) follows.

Hence, option (4) is the correct answer.

Confusion PointsTotal Cubes = 64

Two Adjacent faces are coloured.

i.e.;

16 Cube + 16 Cube = 32 cubes are coloured but 4 cubes are those which are common.

So, Total Coloured cube = 32 - 4 = 28 Cubes

Now;

Number of Cubes which are not coloured = 64 - 28 = 36

Important Points

The cube is cut into 64 small cubes. Here, n = 4

Cube has two adjacent faces are coloured.

According to above information;

 

Here only two faces are coloured. Although 32 faces are coloured actually 28 cubes are coloured as the corner cubes share two coloured faces we have to count them only once.

Coloured faces cube = 28 ( 16 cubes on the front view side and 12 on side view side)(see the figure) 

Cubes are not colored = 64 - 28 = 36.

Hence, "36" is the correct answer.

1. The sum of the incomes of Anitha and Punitha is more than that of Kavi and Mala taken together.

(Anitha + Punitha) > (Kavi + Mala)     ---(i)

2. The sum of the incomes of Anitha and Kavi is same as that of Punitha and Mala taken together.

(Anitha + Kavi) = (Punitha + Mala)     ---(ii)

3. Anitha earns half as much as the sum of the incomes of Punitha and Mala.

Anitha =  1/2 × (Punitha + Mala)

Or, 2 × Anitha = (Punitha + Mala)     ---(iii)

Substituting the value of (ii) in (iii), we get:

2 × Anitha = Anitha + Kavi

Or, Anitha = Kavi

From (i), we know that:

(Anitha + Punitha) > (Kavi + Mala)

→ Punitha > Mala

Again, coming back to 3^rd statement,

Anitha earns half as much as the sum of the incomes of Punitha and Mala.

Anitha = 1/2 × (Punitha + Mala)

We know Punitha > Mala and 2 × Anitha = (Punitha + Mala)

If say Anitha earns ‘a’, then 2 × a = (Punitha + Mala)

(Possible as Punitha > Mala)

So, the correct order is:

Punitha > Anitha = Kavi > Mala

So, Punitha’s income is the highest

Hence, ‘Punitha’ is the correct answer.

Let, the two numbers be ‘a’ and ‘b’ (such that a > b)

The sum of two numbers is 14:

(a + b) = 14       ---(i)

And, the difference of their squares is 112:

a2 - b2 = 112

The formula of a2 - b2 is:

a2 - b2 = (a + b) (a - b)

Substituting the values in the formula, we get:

112 = 14 (a - b)

(a - b) = 8       ---(ii)

On adding (i) and (ii), we get:

a + b + a - b = 14 + 8

2a = 22

a = 11

Now, substituting the value of a in (i) we get:

11 + b = 14

b = 3

So, the numbers are 11 and 3.

Hence, ’11 and 3’ is the correct answer.

Preparing the family tree using the following symbol:

According to the given information,

Let's check each statement one by one;

1. N % R * M → N is father of R, R is sister of M → False

2. N * M % S # R → N is sister of M, M is father of S, S is mother of R → False

3. N * M % R → N is sister of M, M is father of R → True

4. R * M # N → R is sister of M, M is mother of N → False

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

From question figure we can see that a full triangle is inside the box, and the next image is of an inverted triangle, whose top side is blank.

Option (1):

A square and a triangle are given.

Option (2):

A full circle is inside the box, and the next image is of a circle, whose top side is blank.

Option (3):

A full Square is inside the box, and the next image is of a Square, whose right side is blank.

Option (4):

A full triangle is inside the box, and the next image is of an inverted triangle, whose bottom side is blank.

Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.

Skirt, Shirt and Blouse are the clothes that are used to worn.

While;

Sand is not the cloth.

Hence, "sand" is the correct answer.

Given situation: You are alone in your home and there is a danger of thieves around. You hear a knock on the door.

1) Not to open the door →

Not opening the door is one of the logical actions, but let us go through other options to check for the most appropriate logical action.

2) First peep out of the window to confirm whether you know the person at the door →

It is one of the most appropriate logical action because if it is someone whom you know, you know there is no danger and if there is someone unknown, you can take an action like informing police or reach out to someone for help.

3) Open the door to see who is there →

It would be completely a foolish action if there is some sign of danger.

4) Ask the servant to see who is there →

Believing a servant in such cases is not a sign of wisdom, as the servant may be one of the persons involved with thieves. In these cases, one should make decisions and take actions on his/her own.

Hence, ‘option 2’ is the most logical action.

1. Three friends, Vinitha, Mira and Neethu, had lunch at a hotel.
2. When the bill was received, Vinitha paid 2/3 as much as Mira paid and Mira paid 1/2 as much as Neethu paid.

Vinitha = 2/3 × Mira       ---(i)

Mira = 1/2 × Neethu

2 × Mira = Neethu       ---(ii)

As, the total bill was divided among them

So, Vinitha + Mira + Neethu = 1       ---(iii)

Substituting the value of (i) and (ii) in (iii), we get:

Assume total bill is X.

2/3 × Mira + Mira + 2 × Mira = X

Mira = 3/11 × X

Hence, Mira paid ‘3/11^th’ fraction of the bill.

The pattern followed here is;

Hence, "101" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Indo-Aryan languages.

Key Points

• Sanskrit is a South Asian classical language that belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.
• It developed in South Asia when its forefather languages spread there from the northwest in the late Bronze Age.
• Sanskrit is the holy language of Hinduism, as well as the language of traditional Hindu philosophy and historical Buddhist and Jain writings.
• Sanskrit is a derivative of Indo-Aryan languages.
• Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, and Malayalam are Dravidian languages while Sanskrit and Odia are Indo-Aryan languages.
• The Indo-Aryan languages are a subset of the Indo-Iranian languages, which are in turn a subset of the Indo-European language family.
• More than 800 million people speak Indo-Aryan languages in the early twenty-first century, predominantly in India, Bangladesh, Nepal, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka.

The correct answer is Raja Rammohan Roy.

• Raja Rammohan Roy was the founder of Atmiya Sabha.

Key Points

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy:
• ​He is known as the ‘Father of Modern India’ or ‘Father of the Bengal Renaissance.
• He was born on 22 May 1772 in a Brahman family at Radhanagar in Bengal.
• He was a religious and social reformer.
• He was widely known for his role in the abolition of the practice of Sati.
• He was given the title of ‘Raja’ by the titular Mughal Emperor of Delhi, Akbar II.
• He was a scholar and knew Sanskrit, Persian, Hindi, Bengali, English, and Arabic.
• In 1814, he founded Atmiya Sabha in Calcutta to campaign against idolatry, caste rigidities, meaningless rituals, and other social ills.
• It was an association for the dissemination of the religious truth and the promotion of free discussions of theological subjects.
• He Formed the Brahmo Sabha in 1828 which later became the Brahmo Samaj.
• Here, recital and expounding of Hindu scriptures were done.

Additional Information

• Keshab Chandra Sen was the founder of Bharatvarshiya Brahmo Samaj.
• Debendranath Tagore founded the Tattvabodhini Sabha.
• Raja Radhakant Deb was the founder of British Indian Association.

The correct answer is Shooting.

Key Points

• Manu Bhaker is an Olympian from India who competes in airgun shooting.
• She has earned two gold medals for India at the 2018 ISSF World Cup.
• She is the youngest Indian to earn an ISSF World Cup gold medal.
• In her first Commonwealth Games debut, she won the gold medal in the women's 10 m air pistol event at the age of 16.
• She qualified for the finals after scoring 388/400 points in the women's 10m air pistol qualification round at the 2018 Commonwealth Games.
• She won the gold medal in the women's 10m air pistol event at the Gold Coast Commonwealth Games by establishing a new Commonwealth Games record of 240.9 points in the final round.

The correct answer is Cholamu lake.

• Tista river originates from Cholamu lake.

Key Points

• Teesta River:
• It originates from Cholamu Lake.
• The lake is also called Tso Lhamo lake.
• Teesta is one of the right tributaries of the Brahmaputra.
• It flows through the states of Sikkim and West Bengal and Bangladesh.
• The river drains into Bay of Bengal.

Additional Information

• River Damodar originates from the Chhotanagpur plateau.
• Narmada and Son river originates from the Amarkantak plateau.

The correct answer is April, 1993.

• The 73^rd amendment Act to provide constitutional status to provide constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions was brought into force in April, 1993.

Key Points

• Panchayati Raj:
• Article 40 of DPSP notifies about the Organisation of village panchayats.
• 73^rd Amendment Act of 1992:
• 73^rd Constitutional Amendment was passed by Parliament in December 1992.
• The Act gives constitutional status to the Panchayati Raj institutions.
• The Act has added new parts IX and 11^th schedules to the constitution.
• 11^th Schedule of the Indian Constitution deals with the Power, authority and responsibilities of Panchayats, 29 subjects over which the Panchayats have jurisdiction.
• It is entitled “The Panchayats” and consists of provisions from Articles 243 to 243 (O).
• It contains 29 functional items of the Panchayats and deals with Article 243 (G).
• The main objective behind the establishment of Panchayati Raj Institutions is Social Justice, Economic Empowerment.
• The act was brought into force on April 24, 1993.
• It stipulates that in states or Union Territories with more than two million inhabitants there are three levels of PRIs:
• Zilla Parishad at the District Level
• Panchayat Samiti at the Block Level
• Gram/Village Panchayat at the Village Level

The correct answer is 28 states and 8 union territories.

Key Points

• India currently comprises 28 states and 8 union territories.
• States have their own elected governments, while union territories are administered directly by the Central Government (some have legislatures).
• This current structure came into effect after the Jammu & Kashmir Reorganisation Act, 2019.
• The reorganisation created the Union Territories of Jammu & Kashmir and Ladakh.

Additional Information

• Largest State (Area): Rajasthan
• Most Populous State: Uttar Pradesh
• Smallest State (Area): Goa
• National Capital Territory: Delhi

Important Points

• The newest union territory formed was Ladakh in 2019.
• Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu were merged into one union territory in 2020.
• This is an important static GK question for competitive examinations.

The correct answer is South Korea.

Key Points

• Moon Jae-in is a South Korean politician and lawyer who has served as the country's 12^th and current president since 2017.
• He formerly worked as senior secretary for civil affairs and chief of staff to Roh Moo-hyun, a member of the 19^th National Assembly and the Democratic Party of Korea's leader.
• Moon was elected president as the Democratic Party's candidate in 2017 following Park Geun-impeachment he's and dismissal.
• Moon advocates for a peaceful reunion with North Korea.
• In terms of economic policy, he promotes chaebol reform, has increased the minimum wage by more than 16%, and reduced the maximum workweek from 68 to 52 hours.

Additional Information

• About South Korea: (2022)​
• Capital: Seoul
• Currency: South Korean Won
• President: Yoon Suk-yeol
• Prime Minister: Han Duck-soo

The correct answer is Qutbuddin Aibak.

• Qutbuddin Aibak was the founder of the Slave dynasty.

Key Points

• Qutubuddin Aibak (1206 AD-1210 AD):
• He was a Turkish slave by origin after the death of Ghori, he became the master of Hindustan and founded the Slave Dynasty in 1206 AD.
• He was given the title of Lakh Baksh (giver of lakhs).
• He died in 1210 AD while playing Chaugan or horse polo.
• He constructed two mosques, Quwwat-ul- Islam in Delhi and Adhai din ka Jhonpra in Ajmer.
• He also began the construction of Qutub Minar, in honour of the famous Sufi Saint, Khwaja Qutubuddin Bakhtiyar Kaki.
• He patronised writers like Hasan-ul Nizami, author of Taj-ul-Massir and Fakhruddin, author of Tarikh-i-Mubarak Shahi.

Additional Information

• Shamsuddin Iltutmish (1211 AD-1236 AD):
• He was a slave of Qutubuddin Aibak and occupied the throne of Delhi in 1211 AD after deposing Aram Bakhsh.
• He was regarded as the ‘real founder of the Delhi Sultanate’.
• He made Delhi the capital in place of Lahore.
• He saved Delhi Sultanate from the wrath of Genghis Khan by refusing shelter to Khwarizm Shah, whom Genghis Khan was chasing.
• He completed the construction of Qutub Minar.
• He constituted a group of 40 nobles known as Turkan-i-Chahalgani or Chalisa.
• He started the Iqta-dar system.
• He introduced the tanka, silver coin and the jital, copper coin.
• He patronised Minhaj-al-Siraj, author of Tabaqat-i-Nasiri.
• Balban:
• He created a centralised army and established the military department Diwan-i-Arz.
• He started the festival of Navroz.
• He introduced zaminbosi (practice of sijda).

The correct answer is 88.7%.

Key Points

• As per Census 2011, the literacy rate of Goa is 88.7%.
• According to Census 2011, Goa has a population of 14.59 lakh people, with 739,140 males and 719,405 females.
• The male literacy rate is 92.65%, while the female literacy rate is 84.66%.
• The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO) has drafted a definition of literacy as the "ability to identify, understand, interpret, create, communicate, compute and use printed and written materials associated with varying contexts.
• Literacy involves a continuum of learning enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge and potential, and to participate fully in their community and wider society".
• In India literacy rate is calculated as the overall proportion of an area's population aged seven years or older at a given moment who can read and write with comprehension.

 Additional Information

• The literacy rate of India as per 2011 Census data is 74.04%.
• Kerala has the highest literacy rate of 96.2%.
• The Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, conducts Census every 10 years.
• Pramod Sawant is the 13^th and serving Chief Minister of Goa
• P.S. Sreedharan Pillai is the current Governor of Goa.

The correct answer is Consumer Price Index for the industrial workers.

Key Points

• CPI-IW stands for Consumer Price Index for the industrial workers
• The Consumer Price Index, or CPI as it is commonly known, is an index that measures retail inflation in the economy by collecting changes in the prices of the most commonly used goods and services by consumers.
• CPI, also known as a market basket.
• It is determined for a set list of products such as food, housing, clothing, transportation, electronics, medical care, education, and so on.
• Every month, the Labour Bureau, an associated office of the Ministry of Labour and Employment, compiles the Consumer Price Index for Industrial Workers based on retail prices gathered from 317 marketplaces dispersed over 88 industrially important centres in the country.
• This index is compiled for 88 centres and India as a whole, and it is issued on the last working day of the next month.

The correct answer is Article 59(3).

Key Points

• Article 52 of the Indian Constitution states that the President is the head of the Indian state and he is also the first Indian citizen.
• Article 59(3) of the Indian Constitution states that "the President shall be entitled without payment of rent to the use of his official residences and shall be also entitled to such emoluments, allowances and privileges as may be determined by Parliament by law and, until provision in that behalf is so made, such emoluments, allowances, and privileges as are specified in the Second Schedule".​

Additional Information

• Article 56 of the Indian Constitution deals with the term of office of the President.
• Article 65 of the Indian Constitution deals with the situations in which the Vice-President has to act as the President of India.
• Article 59(1) of the Indian Constitution states that the President must not be a Member of Parliament or a member of any state legislature.

The correct answer is 1854.

• The Industrial development in India started after 1854.

Key Points

• Industrial development in India:
• The modern industrial development in India started with the establishment of the first cotton textile mill at Mumbai in 1854, predominantly with Indian capital and entrepreneurship.
• The jute industry made a beginning in 1855 with the establishment of a jute mill in the Hooghly Valley near Kolkata with foreign capital and entrepreneurship.
• Coal mining was first started at Raniganj in 1772.
• Railways were introduced in 1854.
• Tata Iron and Steel Plant was set up at Jamshedpur in 1907.
• Several other medium and small size industries like cement, glass, soaps, chemicals, jute, sugar and paper followed.
• Industrial production in the pre-independence period was neither adequate nor diversified.
• At the time of independence, the economy was under-developed with agriculture contributing to more than 60 per cent of the GDP and most of the country’s export earnings. Since, independence, India has now shown the signs of becoming a leading economic power.

The correct answer is 5.

Key Points

BRICS:

• As of 2024, BRICS has 10 permanent members. The group originally consisted of 5 permanent members — Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa. In 2024, the group expanded to include five additional members, making the total count 10.
• These new members are:

1. Egypt
2. Ethiopia
3. Iran
4. Saudi Arabia
5. United Arab Emirates (UAE)

• So, BRICS now has 10 members in total.
• It is associated with five emerging economies of the world that have a significant influence on regional affairs.
• It was formed in 2009 and since then the governments of these 5 countries met annually at formal summits.
• For the year 2020, Russia hosted the 12^th BRICS summit.
• In 2021, India hosted the 13^th BRICS summit.
• The headquarters of the BRICS is in Shanghai.

The correct answer is 1750.

Key Points

• The minimum support price of Paddy (common variety) in the 2018-2019 season was Rs 1750 per quintal.
• For the year 2021-2022, the MSP for Paddy (common variety) is fixed at Rs 1940 per quintal.
• The Government of India announces minimum support prices for specific crops at the start of the sowing season based on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices.
• MSP is fixed on the recommendations of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP), which is an apex advisory body for pricing policy under the Ministry of Agriculture

The correct answer is Neck.

• The neck is absent in Frog.

Key Points

• The frog's body is divided into the head, trunk, and limbs or legs.
• All frogs lack necks and tails.
• Frogs come under the phylum Amphibia.

​

Amphibia

• These are found both on land and water.
• All these are cold-blooded.
• Respiration takes place through the gill, skin, and lungs.
• They have three-chambered hearts.
• Example: Frog, Necturus, Toad, Ichthyophis, Salamander.

The correct answer is Indonesia.

Key Points

• The 2018 Asian Games, formally known as the 18^th Asian Games were a continental multi-sport event held in Jakarta and Palembang from August 18 to September 2, 2018.
• The Summer Asian Games were co-hosted for the first time by two regions: Jakarta, Indonesia's capital, and Palembang, the city of South Sumatra province.
• China led the medal count for the tenth time in a row.
• During the opening ceremony and selected events, North and South Korea fielded a combined squad, and they also won their first-ever gold medal as a unified team at a multi-sport event.
• During the Games, six world records, 18 Asian records, and 86 Asian Games records were broken, and Japanese swimmer Rikako Ikee was named the most valuable player.

Additional Information

• Indonesia is made up of approximately 17,000 islands, including Sumatra, Sulawesi, Java, as well as sections of Borneo and New Guinea.
• Indonesia is the world's biggest island nation and the 14^th-largest country in terms of land area.
• Joko Widodo is the 7^th and current President of Indonesia.

The correct answer is 2 only.

Key Points

• The gross domestic product is the total monetary or market worth of all finished goods and services produced within the borders of a nation in a given time period.
• Gross Domestic Product does not include the value of final goods and services produced in the transboundary of a country.
• Hence statement 1 is incorrect.
• Only the goods and services produced within the country are included in the calculation of GDP and transboundary goods and services are not included in the calculation of GDP.
• This period in India runs from April 1^st to March 31^st.
• This implies that it assesses the value of final products and services produced inside a geographic border, independent of the individual or firm's country.
• Only finished or final goods is counted to avoid double or triple counting of raw materials, intermediate products, and final products.

The correct answer is Polyethylene Terephthalate Polyester.

• Plastic bottles are formed from the chemical substance Polyethylene Terephthalate Polyester.

Key Points

• The plastic bottles are made up of PET.
• The full form of PET is Polyethylene Terephthalate.
• It is the most common thermoplastic polymer resin and is used in fibres for clothing, containers for liquids and foods.
• They are manufactured using the process of blow moulding.
• Blow moulding is a manufacturing process by which hollow plastic parts are formed.
• It is also used for forming glass bottles.

The correct answer is Vitamin A.

• Golden Rice contains a high amount of  Vitamin A.

Key Points

• Golden Rice is intended to produce a fortified food to be grown and consumed in areas with a shortage of dietary Vitamin A.
• It was claimed to be able to fight vitamin A deficiency, which is the leading cause of blindness among children and can also lead to death due to diseases like measles.
• It is developed through genetic engineering and produces two new enzymes that complete the beta-carotene expression in the rice grain.
• Golden rice is a genetically modified biofortified crop.
• It is genetically modified in order to produce beta carotene, which is not normally produced in rice.
• Beta carotene is converted into Vitamin A when metabolized by the human body.
• Biofortification is the idea of breeding crops to increase their nutritional value.
• This can be done either through conventional selective breeding or through genetic engineering.​
• Vitamin A is also known as Retinol.

Additional Information

• Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin that is good for healthy vision, skin, bones, and other tissues in the body.
• Sources of Vitamin A-
• Milk, Meat, Cheese, Liver, Halibut fish oil, cream, and kidneys.
• Vitamin B is a water-soluble vitamin
• The deficiency of Vitamin B leads to Beri Beri.
• Vitamin C is also known as ascorbic acid.
• It is a water-soluble vitamin.
• Vitamin C deficiency leads to Scurvy disease.
• ​Vitamin D is also known as Cholecalciferol.
• It is a fat-soluble vitamin.
• The deficiency of Vitamin D leads to Rickets and osteomalacia.

The correct answer is National Register of Citizens.

• The full form of NRC is the National Register of Citizens.

Key Points

• National Register of Citizens (NRC):
• It is an official record of those who are legal Indian citizens.
• The draft was made to separate the legitimate residents of Assam from the illegal immigrants.
• Assam is the only state to have a National Register of Citizens.
• NRC was only published once in 1951.
• After a petition in the Supreme Court by the Assam public works, the Supreme Court passed the issue to update the NRC in December 2013.
• The first NRC draft was released by the Assam Government on 31^st December 2017 and the Second Draft was released on 30^th July 2018.
• When the second NRC draft was released by the Assam government 4 million people were excluded that led to controversy.

Given:

Marked price(MP) of the article = Rs. 4500

Selling price(SP) = Rs. 3060

Two successive discounts on MP = 20% and x% respectively

Formula used:

Discount = MP - SP

Discount% = (Discount/MP) × 100

Calculation:

According to the question:

SP = MP(80/100)[(100 - x)/100]

⇒ 3060 = 4500(4/5)[(100 - x)/100]

⇒ 3060/3600 = [(100 - x)/100]

⇒ 85 = 100 - x

x = 15%

∴ The value of x is 15%.

Concept:

The unit digit of power of a number repeats itself every 4^th time

Calculation:

431 + 3681 - 24326

⇒ (4)(7 × 4) + 3 + (36)(20 × 4) + 1 - (243)(6 × 4) + 2

⇒ Unit digit will be determined by unit digit of (43 + 361 - 2432) 

⇒ Unit digit of 343 = 4

⇒ Unit digit of 361 = 6

⇒ Unit digit of 2432 = 9

Hence, unit digit is given by (4 + 6 - 9) = 1

∴ Unit digit of (4)31 + (36)81 - (243)26 = 1

Calculation:

Given number = 13896 

203 = 8000; 253 = 15625

⇒ 13896 is somewhere between 203 and 253

Checking for 213 = 9261

Checking for 223 = 10648

Checking for 233 = 12167

Checking for 243 = 13824

Checking for 253 = 15625

⇒ 13896 lies between 243 and 253

15625 - 13896 = 1729

Hence, 1729 should be added to make it a perfect cube.

∴ Sum of digits = 1 + 7 + 2 + 9 = 19

Concept:

Mean proportion of p and q is given by √(pq)

Third proportion of p and q is given by q²/p

Calculation:

Given numbers = 3 and 12

⇒ p = 3; q = 12

Mean proportion = √(3 × 12) = 6

Third proportion = (12 × 12)/3 = 48

Difference between the mean proportion and third proportion = 48 - 6 = 42

Calculation:

Let x = \(1.\overline{3}\)

⇒ 10x = \(13.\overline{3}\)     ----eq.1

⇒ 100x = \(133.\overline{3}\)     ----eq.2

By subtracting eq.1 from eq.2:

90x = 120

⇒ x = 4/3

Let y = \(0.\overline{69}\)     ----eq.3

100y = \(69.\overline{69}\)     ----eq.4

By subtracting eq.3 from eq.4:

99y = 69

⇒ y = 23/33

Let z = \(0.5\overline{23}\)

⇒ 10z = \(5.\overline{23}\)     ----eq.5

⇒ 1000z = \(523.\overline{23}\)     ----eq.6

By subtracting eq.5 from eq.6:

990z = 518

⇒ z = 518/990

\(1.\overline{3}+0.\overline{69}-0.5\overline{23}\) = x + y - z

⇒ 4/3 + 23/33 - 518/990

∴ ​\(1.\overline{3}+0.\overline{69}-0.5\overline{23}\)​ = 1.50707071

Key Points As per The Official Paper Answer Key The Correct Answer is 1.510101010..... but the Correct Answer is 1.50707071. So, We have updated the option as per the Correct Answer.

Given:

Principal(P) = 4800

Time period(T) = 2 years

Difference between compound interest(CI) and simple interest(SI) = Rs. 17.28

Formula used:

SI = (P × R × T)/100

Amount on CI(A) = P[1 + (R/100)]T

SI = A - P

R = Rate of interest

Difference between CI and SI on same P for 2 years is the interest received on SI of the first year

Calculation:

According to the question:

17.28 = P[1 + (R/100)]T - P - (P × R × T)/100

⇒ 17.28 = P[{1 + (R/100)}2 - 1 - 2R/100]

⇒ 17.28 = 4800/10000[(100 + R)2 - 10000 - 200R]

⇒ 36 = R2

⇒ R = 6

∴ Interest rate = 6%

Alternate Method 

SI of first-year = P(R/100)

SI on interest of 1^st year = P(R/100) = P(R2/10000)

According to the question:

17.28 = 4800(R2/10000)

⇒ R = 6%

Given:

Efficiency of A, B and C is in the ratio 4 : 5 : 6

They can complete a work in 20 days by working together

Calculation:

Total efficiency of all three working together = 4 + 5 + 6 = 15

Total work done in 20 days = 15 × 20

Let A will complete the work in n days, working alone

⇒ 4n = 15 × 20

⇒ n = 75

∴ A alone will complete the work in 75 days

Given:

Rs. 12960 is divided among A, B and C

4A = 6B = 3C

Calculation:

4A = 6B = 3C

⇒ Divide all by 12(LCM of 4, 6, 3)

⇒ A/3 = B/2 = C/4

⇒ A : B : C = 3 : 2 : 4

A's share = 3 units out of total 3 + 2 + 4 = 9 units

∴ Share of A = (3/9) × 12960 = Rs. 4320

Given: 

The boat can cover 15 km upstream and 18 km downstream distance in total 4 hours

Also, it can cover 18 km upstream and 15 km downstream distance in total 4 hours 15 minutes(17/4 hours)

Formula used:

Speed = distance/time

Upstream speed(u) = b - w

Downstream speed(d) = b + w

b = speed of the boat in still water

w = speed of the stream

Calculation:

According to the question:

(15/u) + (18/d) = 4

⇒ 15d + 18u = 4ud     ----eq.3

⇒ 255d + 306u = 68ud    ----eq.1

(18/u) + (15/d) = 17/4

⇒ 18d + 15u = 17/4(ud)

⇒ 72d + 60u = 17ud

⇒ 288d + 240u = 68ud     ----eq.2

By comparing eq.1 and eq.2:

288d + 240u = 255d + 306u

⇒ d/u = 2/1

Let d = 2x and u = x

Put in eq.3:

30x + 18x = 8x2

⇒ x = 6

⇒ u = b - w = 6     ----eq.4

⇒ d = b + w = 12     ----eq.5

From eq. 4 and eq.5, b = 9

∴ Speed of the boat in still water = 9 km/h

Given:

Reena gave Rita 20% of her money

Rita spent 25%, 40% of that money on school fees and books respectively

After spending, Rita had Rs. 1680 with her

Calculation:

Let Reena had initially Rs. n

⇒ Rita received 0.2n 

⇒ 0.2n - (0.25)(0.2n) - 0.4(0.2n) = 1680

⇒ 0.2n - 0.05n - 0.08n = 1680

⇒ 0.07n = 1680

⇒ n = 24000

∴ Reena had initially Rs. 24000

Given:

40 km travelled in 45 minutes and next 60 km travelled in 80 minutes

Formula used:

Average speed = total distance/total time

Calculation:

Total time = 45 + 80 = 125 min = 125/60 hours

Average speed = (40 + 60)/(125/60) = 1200/25

∴ Average speed for the whole journey = 48 kmph

Given:

8 men can complete 2 units of work by working 9 hours per day in 20 days

Formula used:

(m1 × d1 × h1)/w1 = (m2 × d2 × h2)/w2

m = number of men

d = number of days

h = number of hours

w = work

Calculation:

According to the question:

(8 × 20 × 9)/2 = (6 × d₂ × 10)/3

⇒ d2 = 36

∴ 6 men working 10 hours a day can complete 3 units of work in 36 days.

Given:

The triangle has its sides as 6 cm, 8 cm, 10 cm

3 circles of radius 1 cm each are drawn at all the three vertices of the triangle.

Formula used:

Area of a circle = πr2

r = radius of the circle

Area of a traingle = bh/2

b = base of the triangle

h = height of the triangle corresponding to the base b

Right-angled triangle property:

Hypotenuse2 = perpendicular2 + base2

Calculation:

From the dimension of the sides, we can deduce that it is a right angles triangle, as 102 = 62 + 82

Area of the triangle(T) = (6 × 8)/2 = 24 cm2

Since, sum of all interior angles of a triangle = 180º, hence the area of the circles inside the triangle has a sector angle of 180º in total. Also, the sector angle of a complete circle = 360º

⇒ Area of the circles that is in the part of triangle as well(A) = πr2/2 

⇒ A = [3.14 × (12)]/2 = 1.57 cm2

∴ Required area = 24 - 1.57 = 22.43 cm2

Given:

On selling 30 articles gain is equal to cost price of 5 articles.

Formula Used:

Gain = SP – CP

Gain percent = \(\frac{{Gain}}{CP}\times 100\)

Where, CP = Cost Price

Calculation:

According to the question,

⇒ Selling price of 30 articles = Cost price of 30 articles + Cost price of 5 articles

⇒ 30SP = 30CP + 5CP

⇒ 30SP = 35CP

⇒ 30SP = 35CP

⇒ SP/CP = 7/6

Let Selling price be Rs. 7x

And cost price be Rs. 6x

SP = 7x and CP = 6x

Gain = SP – CP

⇒ Gain = 7x – 6x = x

Gain percent = \(\frac{{Gain}}{CP}\times 100\)

⇒ Gain percent = x/6x × 100

⇒ Gain percent = 50/3%

∴ His percent gain is \(\frac{{50}}{3}\)%.

Alternate Method

Given:

When a person sells 30 articles, he gains equal to the cost price(CP) of 5 articles

Formula used:

Gain% = (Gain/CP) × 100

Calculation:

Let the CP of 1 article = c

Total CP = 30c

⇒ Gain = 5c

Gain% = (5c/30c) × 100 = 50/3

∴ Gain = \(\frac{{50}}{3}\)%.

Given:

HCF and product of 2 numbers are 17 and 4624 respectively

Concept:

Co prime numbers are those numbers that have only 1 as their common factor

Calculation:

Let the numbers be 17x and 17y; (since 17 is their HCF)

⇒ 17x.17y = 4624 ⇒ xy = 16

The pairs possible following the condition of co-prime = (1, 16)

The numbers are 17 and 272

∴ Sum of their reciprocals = 1/17 + 1/272 = 1/16

Formula used:

a2 - b² = (a + b)(a - b)

Calculation:

\(\dfrac{(369+731)^2-(369-731)^2}{36.9\times73.1}\)

⇒ \(\dfrac{(369 + 731 + 369 - 731)(369 + 731 - 369 + 731)}{36.9\times73.1}\)

By multiplying both numerator and denominator by 100:

⇒ 100[\(\dfrac{4 \times 369 \times 731}{369\times731}\)]

⇒ 400

∴ \(\dfrac{(369+731)^2-(369-731)^2}{36.9\times73.1}\) = 400

Given:

Average weight of all students of the class = 45 kg

4 new students joined with weights 42 kg, 36.5 kg, 37.5 kg and 40 kg

With the admission of new students, the average weight of the class decreases by 0.75 kg

Formula used:

Average of n numbers = sum of all numbers/n

Calculation:

Let total number of students be n

Total weight of all students(before new students) = 45n

Total weight of all students(after new students) = 45n + 42 + 36.5 + 37.5 + 40 = 45n + 156

New average of the class = 45 - 0.75 = 44.25 kg

⇒ 44.25 × (n + 4) = 45n + 156

⇒ 44.25n + 177 = 45n + 156

⇒ n = 28

∴ Total students in the class now = 28 + 4 = 32

Let initially the radius be r

⇒ Initial V = 4πr3/3

Increased r = 2.2r

⇒ Increased V = 4π(2.2r)3/3

Increase in V = 4π(2.2r)3/3 - 4πr3/3

Percentage increase in V = [{4π(2.2r)3/3 - 4πr3/3}/4πr3/3] × 100 = 964.8%

Given:

Concept:

Mean is the average of a data

Calculation:

Total number of students = 5 + 10 + 20 + 25 + 10 = 70

Total marks of all students = (5 × 5) + (10 × 15) + (20 × 25) + (25 × 35) + (10 × 45) = 2000

∴ Mean = 2000/70 = 200/7

Given:

Calculation:

Number of students in the class interval of more than 40 marks = 10

Total number of students = 5 + 10 + 20 + 25 + 10 = 70

The total measure of the angle of the pie chart = 360º

∴ Central angle of pie chart for above 40 marks = (10/70) × 360 = 51.42º ~ 51º

प्रस्तुत गद्यांश में रामचन्द्र शुक्ल द्वारा 'निबंधकार' के रूप में योगदान देने की बात कही गई है। अर्थात इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर 'निबंधकार' है। बाकी सभी विकल्प गलत हैं। 

Key Points

रामचन्द्र शुक्ल द्वारा रचित कुछ प्रसिद्ध निबंध:

1. काव्य में प्रकृति दृश्य 
2. रसात्मक बोध के विविध स्वरूप 
3. काव्य में अभिव्यंजनवाद 
4. कविता क्या है 
5. काव्य में रहस्यवाद

प्रस्तुत गद्यांश में उल्लेखित है कि रामचन्द्र शुक्ल के निबंध पंडित 'महावीर प्रसाद द्विवेदी' द्वारा संपादित सरस्वती में छपने लगे थे। अत: इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर 'महावीर प्रसाद द्विवेदी' है। अन्य सभी विकल्प गलत हैं। 

Key Pointsमहावीर प्रसाद द्विवेदी जी की प्रसिद्ध  रचनाएँ : 

1. देवी स्तुति शतक 
2. नागरी 
3. काव्य मंजूषा 
4. सुमन 
5. द्विवेदी काव्य माला 

Important Points 1. सरस्वती पत्रिका का प्रकाशन इंडियन प्रेस द्वारा सन 1900 में शुरू किया गया था। 

2. इस  पत्रिका के प्रकाशन की शुरुआत  इलाहाबाद (प्रयागराज) से हुई थी  । 
3. श्यामसुंदर दास  इसके पहले संपादक थे। 
4. महावीर प्रसाद द्विवेदी इसके दूसरे संपादक थे।
5. 1903 में महावीर प्रसाद द्विवेदी ने सरस्वती पत्रिका के संपादक के रूप में इसका कार्यभार संभाला था। 
6. इस पत्रिका का प्रकाशन पहले झांसी से और फिर कानपुर से होने लगा था।

इस गद्यांश में उल्लेख है कि चिंतामणि का पहला भाग सन '1939 ई' में प्रकाशित हुआ था। अत: इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर '1939 ई' है। अन्य सभी उत्तर गलत हैं। 

Key Points1. चिंतामणि सन् 1939 ई  में प्रकाशित आचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल द्वारा रचित  हिन्दी का निबंधात्मक (समालोचना) ग्रंथ है।

2. इस पुस्तक के चार भाग हैं।  3. चिन्तामणि के प्रमुख निबन्ध हैं- भाव या मनोविकार, उत्साह, श्रद्धा और भक्ति, करुणा, लज्जा और ग्लानि, घृणा, ईर्ष्या, भय, क्रोध, कविता क्या है, काव्य में लोक आदि।  4. पुस्तक का चौथा एवं अंतिम भाग सन 2002 में प्रकाशित हुआ था।

प्रस्तुत गद्यांश में उल्लेखित है कि निबंधकार के रूप में शुक्ल जी का योगदान 'मनोविकार' संबंधी निबंधों के कारण है। अत; इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर 'मनोविकार' है। अन्य सभी विकल्प गलत हैं। 

Key Points

• अनेक विषयों का ज्ञान होने पर उससे संबन्धित इच्छा रखने पर अनेकरूपता के अनुसार अनुभूति के भिन्न भिन्न योग उत्पन्न होते हैं जो भाव या मनोविकार कहलाते हैं।
• मनोविकार निबंध इन्हीं भावों से संबन्धित होते हैं।
• चिंतामणि ग्रंथ में आचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल ने मनोविकारी निबंधों का संग्रह लिखा है। मित्रता, अध्ययन इस ग्रंथ के प्रमुख निबंधों में से हैं।

Additional Informationआचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल द्वारा अनूदित कुछ प्रमुख कृतिया:

प्रस्तुत लेख में उल्लेखित है कि इन निबंधों का संग्रह पहले 'विचार-वीथी' के नाम से 1930 ई में प्रकाशित हुआ था। अत: इस प्रश्न का सही उत्तर 'विचार वीथी' है। बाकी सभी प्रश्न गलत हैं। 

Key Pointsआचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल के ग्रंथ चिंतामणि के चारों भागों के संपादक एवं प्रकाशन वर्ष:

Important Pointsआचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल द्वारा रचित मौलिक कृतियाँ मुख्य रूप से तीन प्रकार की हैं: 

1. आलोचनात्मक ग्रंथ: सूर, तुलसी, जायसी पर की गई आलोचनाएं, काव्य में रहस्यवाद, काव्य में अभिव्यंजनावाद, रसमीमांसा आदि शुक्ल जी की आलोचनात्मक रचनाएं हैं।

2. निबंधात्मक रचनाएँ: उनके निबन्ध चिंतामणि नामक ग्रंथ के दो भागों में संग्रहीत हैं। चिंतामणि के निबन्धों के अतिरिक्त शुक्लजी ने कुछ अन्य निबन्ध भी लिखे हैं, जिनमें मित्रता, अध्ययन आदि निबन्ध सामान्य विषयों पर लिखे गये निबन्ध हैं। मित्रता निबन्ध जीवनोपयोगी विषय पर लिखा गया उच्चकोटि का निबन्ध है जिसमें शुक्लजी की लेखन शैली गत विशेषतायें झलकती हैं। क्रोध निबन्ध में उन्होंने सामाजिक जीवन में क्रोध का क्या महत्व है, क्रोधी की मानसिकता-जैसै सम्बंधित पहलुओ का विश्लेषण किया है।

3. ऐतिहासिक ग्रंथ: हिंदी साहित्य का इतिहास उनका अनूठा ऐतिहासिक ग्रंथ है।

Additional Informationआचार्य रामचन्द्र शुक्ल द्वारा संपादित कुछ प्रमुख रचनाएँ:

1. हिन्दी शब्द सागर 
2. नागरी प्रचारिणी पत्रिका
3. भ्रमरगीत सार
4. जायसी ग्रंथावली

'बखूबी' में सही उत्तर ‘अव्ययीभाव समास’ होगा। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित उत्तर हैं।

Key Points

• 'बखूबी ' अव्ययीभाव समास का उदाहरण है।
• 'बखूबी' का समास विग्रह होगा - खूबी सहित।

Important Points

पदों की प्रधानता के आधार पर समास का वर्गीकरण निम्न प्रकार है -  

1. पूर्वपद प्रधान- अव्ययीभाव समास
2. उत्तरपद प्रधान- तत्पुरुष समास, कर्मधारय समास, द्विगु  समास
3. दोनों पद प्रधान- द्वंद्व समास
4. दोनों पद अप्रधान- बहुव्रीहि समास

Confusion Points

संधि और समास- अर्थ की द्रष्टि से दोनों शब्द सामान हैं यद्यपि दोनों में कुछ अंतर है जैसे- 

1. संधि वर्णों का मेल है और समास शब्दों का मेल है।
2. संधि में वर्णों के मेल से वर्ण परिवर्तन अथवा विकार उत्पन्न होता है जबकि समास में ऐसा नहीं होता।
3. संधि के द्वारा बने शब्दों को पुनः मूल अवस्था में लाने को संधि-विच्छेद कहते हैं जबकि समास के पदों को अलग करने की प्रक्रिया समास-विग्रह कहलाती है।

Additional Information 

दिए गए विकल्पों में सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 ‘अंकस्थ’ होगा। अन्य विकल्प सही उत्तर नहीं हैं।

Key Points

• 'गोद में स्थान पाया हुआ' के लिए एक शब्द 'अंकस्थ' होता है
• 'अंक (गोद) मे सोने वाला' के लिए 'अंकशायी' शब्द होगा।
• 'गोद में सोने वाली स्त्री' के लिए एक शब्द 'अंशायिनी' होगा।
• अंडे से उत्पन्न जीव को 'अंडज' कहा जाता है।
• पालन के योग्य को 'पाल्य' कहा जाता है।

Additional Information

दिए गए सभी विकल्पों में 'आग्नेय' शब्द में 'एय’ प्रत्यय  है। अन्य सभी विकल्प असंगत हैं।

Key Points

• आग्नेय - अग्नि + एय। इसमें तध्दित प्रत्यय है।
• आग्नेय का अर्थ - अग्नि संबंधी।
• एय प्रत्यय से बनने वाले शब्द - गंगा + एय = गांगेय, राधेय, पाथेय
• य प्रत्यय से बनने वाले शब्द - पूज् + य = पूज्य

तद्धित प्रत्यय - जो प्रत्यय क्रिया के मूल रूप (धातु) को छोकर अन्य शब्दों (संज्ञा, सर्वनाम, विशेषण आदि) के साथ जुड़ते हैं, तद्धित प्रत्यय कहलाते हैं। 

Additional Information 

दिए गए विकल्पों में 'पूर्णिमा' शब्द की वर्तनी शुद्ध है। अन्य सभी शब्दों की वर्तनी त्रुटि पूर्ण हैं।

Key Points 

• ‘पूर्णिमा’ का अर्थ ‘पूर्णचंद्र' होता है।
• अन्य विकल्प पूर्णीमा, पुर्णिमा और पुर्णीमा अशुद्ध वर्तनी है।

Additional Information

'अभ्यागत' का संधि - विच्छेद है - 'अभि + आगत'। शेष विकल्प त्रुटिपूर्ण हैं। 

Key Points

• 'अभ्यागत' में यण संधि है। इ, ई, उ, ऊ या ऋ का मेल यदि असमान स्वर से हो तो इ, ई का 'य'; उ, ऊ का 'व' और ऋ का 'र' हो जाता है।
• जैसे - यदि + अपि (इ + अ) = यद्यपि, अनु + एषण = अन्वेषण।

Additional Information 

इसका सही उत्तर ‘गुणवाचक’ होगा। अन्य विकल्प सही उत्तर नहीं हैं।

जैसे - कोरोना हमारे लिए 'नया' विषाणु है।

Key Points 

 

Additional Information

'हकीकत' शब्द स्त्रीलिंग का उदाहरण है। 

जैसे - उसकी हकीकत आज समझ में आई।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प - 

• हड़कम्प, हुंकार और हक ये तीनो पुल्लिंग के उदाहरण है।
• हडकम्प - पुल्लिंग
• हड़कंप मच गया
• समाज: पुल्लिंग
• समाज कई प्रथाएं प्रचलित है|
• हक़ - पुल्लिंग शब्द
• नौकर ने मालिक की जान बचा कर अपना हक अदा किया।

Additional Information 

विशेष -

आगत शब्द का विलोम 'अनागत' होता है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है। 

गत को भी हम विलोम मान सकते है, परन्तु सर्वाधिक सही अनागत होगा। इसका संशोधन आप कही भी कर सकते हो। 

Key Points

Additional Information 

'धन के रहित जीवन व्यर्थ है। - इस वाक्य में 'धन के रहित' इस अंश में शब्द चयन की अशुद्धि है।

Key Points 

• 'धन के रहित जीवन व्यर्थ है।' में कारक चयन सम्बन्धी अशुद्धि है।
• इस वाक्य में 'धन के रहित' के स्थान पर ‘धन से रहित’ का प्रयोग उचित होगा।

Additional Information

दिए गए विकल्पों में से तत्सम शब्द 'लवण' है। 

Key Points 

• लवण का तद्भव शब्द 'नोन' होता है।
• लवण के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं - नमक, सुंदरता, नोन, लावण्ययुक्त, लुनाई, नमकीन, सुंदर, लोन, खारा, नमक, नून, सलोनापन, नोन, नमक, लावण्य।
• अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित उत्तर हैं।

अन्य : 

• नेवला - नकुल
• नीम - निम्ब
• नींबू  - निम्बुक

Additional Information

इसका सही उत्तर ‘तेंदुआ’ है। अन्य विकल्प देशज शब्द नहीं हैं इसलिए अनुचित हैं।

Key Points 

• ‘तेंदुआ’ शब्द देशज शब्द है।
• अफसोस - फारसी शब्द
• अपील - अंग्रेजी शब्द
• अदा- फारसी शब्द

Additional Information

'शीतलता' भाववाचक संज्ञा का उदाहरण है।

Key Points

• 'शीतलता' शब्द भाववाचक संज्ञा का उदाहरण है।
• किसी प्राणी या पदार्थ के स्वभाव, गुण, भाव आदि का बोध करने वाले शब्द भाववाचक संज्ञा कहलाते हैं।
• मीठा, थकान, गुस्सा आदि

Additional Information 

उपरोक्त 'संकल्प' शब्द में 'सम्' उपसर्ग का प्रयोग हुआ है। 

Key Points 

Additional Information

दिए गए विकल्पों में से तद्भव शब्द 'तलवार' है। 

Key Points 

• तलवार का तत्सम शब्द 'तरवारि' होता है।
• तलवार के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं -असि, कृपाण, करवाल, खड्ग, शमशीर चन्द्रहास।
• अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित उत्तर हैं।

अन्य : 

• ताम्र - ताम्बा
• शिथिल - ढीला
• धृष्ट - ढीठ

Additional Information

'मनोहर' शब्द अनुपम का पर्यायवाची नहीं है। अन्य विकल्प 'अनुपम' के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं।

Key Points

• 'अनुपम' के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द 'अनूठा, अनोखा, अपूर्व, निराला, अभूतपूर्व।
• 'मनोहर' शब्द के अन्य पर्यायवाची 'मंजुल, कलित, सुन्दर, ललाम, रुचिर, चारु, रम्य, सुहावना, चित्ताकर्षक, रमणीक, कमनीय, उत्कृष्ट ' आदि हैं।

Additional Information 

The correct answer is 'I went to the grocer and I bought some toffees but I dropped them on the way home.'

Key Points

• Coordinate conjunction: A coordinating conjunction is a word that joins two elements of equal grammatical rank and syntactic importance. They can join two verbs, two nouns, two adjectives, two phrases, or two independent clauses. The seven coordinating conjunctions are for, and, nor, but, or, yet, and so.
• But: used to introduce an added statement, usually something that is different from what you have said before.
• Example: The play's good, but not that good - I've seen better.
• And: used to join two words, phrases, parts of sentences, or related statements together.
• Example: We kissed and hugged each other.
• Thus, from the given options only option 3 uses the conjunction 'and' and 'but' correctly.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is 'valid'.

Key Points

• Counterfeit: made in exact imitation of something valuable or important with the intention to deceive or defraud. (धोखा देने या धोखा देने के इरादे से किसी मूल्यवान या महत्वपूर्ण वस्तु की सटीक नकल में बनाया गया)
• Example: This watch may be a counterfeit, but it looks just like the original.
• valid: (of an argument or point) having a sound basis in logic or fact; reasonable or cogent. (किसी तर्क या बिंदु का) तर्क या तथ्य का ठोस आधार होना; उचित या तर्कपूर्ण।)
• Example: My way of thinking might be different from yours, but it's equally valid.
• Thus, from above we can conclude that the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• rapid: happening in a short time or at a fast pace. (कम समय में या तेज गति से हो रहा है।)
• improper: not in accordance with accepted rules or standards, especially of morality or honesty. (स्वीकृत नियमों या मानकों के अनुसार नहीं, विशेष रूप से नैतिकता या ईमानदारी के अनुसार।)
• unsuitable: not fitting or appropriate. (उपयुक्त या उपयुक्त नहीं।)

The correct answer is 'mustn't we?'

Key Points

• Question tags: Question tags are short questions at the end of statements. They are mainly used in speech when we want to: 
• confirm that something is true or not, or
• to encourage a reply from the person we are speaking to.
• They are formed with the auxiliary or modal verb from the statement and the appropriate subject.
• A positive statement is followed by a negative question tag while a negative statement is followed by a positive question tag.
• Example: 
• Henna is from Andhra pradesh, isn't she?
• They aren't going to the market, are they?
• The given sentence is made up of using modal verbs.
• Modal verb: An auxiliary verb that expresses necessity or possibility. English modal verbs include must, shall, will, should, would, can, could, may, and might.
• Therefore, from the above-given explanation, it is clear that the correct auxiliary verb for the above sentence is 'must' and therefore question tag for the given sentence will use 'must'. Since the sentence is positive the question tag will be negative.
• Thus, 'mustn't we?' will be used in the blank.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'We must lock the gate, mustn't we?'

The correct answer is 'consequently'.

Key Points

• Let's look at the options:
• because: for the reason that.
• Example: Just because I'm lending you my dress for tonight doesn't mean you can borrow it whenever you want to.
• consequently: as a result.
• Example: All the shops were closed, and consequently we couldn't buy any food.
• even though: despite the fact that.
• Example: Even though he never completed college, he runs a successful software company.
• floated: to stay on the surface of a liquid and not sink.
• Example: An empty bottle will float.
• Thus, from above we can conclude that 'consequently' will be used in the blank.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

The correct sentence is: 'I did not have the correct visa consequently I could not enter Romania.'

The correct answer is 'floated'.

Key Points

• hovered: remain at or near a particular level.
• Example: I heard the noise of a helicopter hovering overhead.
• floated: to stay on the surface of a liquid and not sink.
• Example: The body hit the water, floated for a few seconds, and then sank to the bottom of the river.
• Thus, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• waned: (especially of a condition or feeling) decrease in vigor, power, or extent; become weaker.
• rejected: dismiss as inadequate, inappropriate, or not to one's taste.
• declined: (typically of something regarded as good) become smaller, fewer, or less; decrease.

The correct answer is 'uncommon'.

Key Points

• Conventional: traditional and ordinary. (पारंपरिक और साधारण)
• Example: I find his art dull and conventional.
• Uncommon: not seen, happening, or experienced often. (अक्सर देखा, घटित या अनुभव नहीं किया गया)
• Example: Accidents due to failure of safety equipment are uncommon nowadays.
• Thus, the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information

• plain: not decorated or elaborate; simple or ordinary in character. (सजाया या विस्तृत नहीं; चरित्र में सरल या साधारण)
• nonexistent: not existing or not real or present. (मौजूद नहीं है या वास्तविक या वर्तमान नहीं है।)
• run-of-the-mill: lacking unusual or special aspects; ordinary. (असामान्य या विशेष पहलुओं की कमी; साधारण)

The correct answer is 'wandered'.

Key Points

• Strolled:  to walk in a slow relaxed way, especially for pleasure.
• Example: We could stroll along the beach after dinner.
• Wandered: walk aimlessly, move slowly.
• Example:We spent the morning wandering around the old part of the city.
• From above we can conclude that the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information 

• Galloped: (of a horse) race, pace of a gallop
• Stopped: come to an end, cease
• Stooped: (of the person) head and shoulder bent forward

The correct answer is 'Commence'.

Key Points

• Initiate: to start, begin, or introduce.
• Example: Who initiated the violence?
• Commence: launch, start, begin.
• Example: We will commence building work in August of next year.
• Thus, from above we can conclude that the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information 

• Intimate: close, familiar; when used as a verb, it means to inform
• Discontinue: give up, quit
• Conclude: complete, finish, come to an end.

The correct answer is rained.

Key Points

• The given is a second conditional sentence and refers toan unlikely or hypothetical condition and its probable result.
• Format:If clause (condition) + Main clause (result)

If + simple past + would + the infinitive of the main verb

• Example: If it rained, you would get wet.
• To form an Interrogative conditional sentences (questions) in the second conditional, we invert would/could/might with the subject.

Example: What would you do if your family wasn’t this famous?”

• Hence, according to the given rule, we can say that the only grammatically correct verb form (past form of the verb), i.e. rained fits the blank.

​The complete sentence is: What would you do if it rained soon the day of your engagement?

The correct answer is 'He shut the door'.

Key Points

• A complete sentence has the following characteristics:
• It must have a subject and a verb.
• It must convey a complete thought.
• Now let's look at the options:
• 'He shut the door' is a complete sentence as it has a subject, i.e. 'He' and a verb, i.e. 'shut' and object i.e. 'the door'. Together they are conveying a complete thought, therefore, option 1 is the correct answer.
• 'Bread and butter' is an idiomatic phrase which means a person's livelihood or main source of income. They are used in a sentence to help us describe an exact situation in a different, more creative way. They make a context with a sentence and individually they are incomplete.
• Example: Their bread and butter is reporting local events.
• 'Now and then' is an idiomatic phrase which means from time to time. The idiomatic phrase is used in a sentence to help us describe an exact situation in a different, more creative way. They make a context with a sentence and individually they are incomplete.
• 'The child in bed' has a subject and a verb but it isn't satisfying the second condition i.e. it isn't conveying the complete thought, therefore, it isn't a complete sentence.

The correct answer is 'while'.

Key Points

• Let's explore options:
• While: at the same time; meanwhile.
• Example: Nothing much changed while he was away.
• unless: except if (used to introduce the case in which a statement being made is not true or valid).
• Example: Unless you have a photographic memory, repetition is vital.
• if: despite the possibility that; no matter whether.
• Example: if it takes me seven years, I shall do it.
• despite: without being affected by; in spite of.
• Example: he remains a great leader despite age and infirmity.
• Thus, from above we can conclude that 'while' will be used in the blank because the context of the sentence is expressing that the two actions are taking place at the same time.

Therefore, The correct sentence is: 'Mani lives in New York, while his brother lives in California.'