DSSSB PRT Official Paper 30 Sept 2018 (Previous Year Paper)

The pattern followed here is,

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Similarly,

Hence, ‘WUSQ’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

8 : 28 → 2³ = 8 and (2 + 1)³ + 1 = 28

Similarly,

27 : ? → 3³ = 27 and (3 + 1)³ + 1 = 65

Hence, ‘65’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

1. Epicentre → the point on the earth's surface vertically above the focus of an earthquake.

2. Seismology → the branch of science concerned with earthquakes and related phenomena.

3. Crater → a large bowl-shaped cavity in the ground or on a celestial object, typically caused by an explosion or the impact of a meteorite.

4. Richter Scale → a numerical scale for expressing the magnitude of an earthquake based on seismograph oscillations.

All words except ‘crater’ are terms related to earthquakes.

Hence, ‘crater’ is the odd one out.

The pattern followed here is:

All numbers except ‘51’ are completely divisible by 12.

Also, All numbers except ‘51’ are even numbers.

Hence, ‘51’ is the odd one out.

The pattern followed here is:

6 × 6⁰  = 6

6 × 6¹  = 36

6 × 6² = 216

6 × 6³  = 1296

6 × 6⁴  = 7776

6 × 6⁵  = 46656

Hence, ‘46656’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

According to the alphabetical positions of the letters,

Hence, ‘fl’ is the correct answer.

According to given conditions,

Hence, the lady is ‘aunt’ of Rajan.

According to given conditions,

Hence, B is ‘uncle’ of C.

Let he covers ‘a’ km by taxi and ‘b’ km by car.

According to question,

a + b = 80

b = 80 – a _______ (i)

15a + 5b = 500

=> 3a + b = 100 _______ (ii)

Substituting the value of equation (i) in (ii), we get:

3a + 80 ─ a = 100

=> 2a = 100 ─ 80

=> 2a = 20

=> a = 10

So, 10 kms he travelled by taxi.

Hence, ’10’ is the correct answer.

Let the number of cows be ‘a’ and the number of hens be ‘b’.

So, total number of heads are (a + b) and total number of legs are (4a + 2b)

According to question:

(4a + 2b) = 2(a + b) + 14

→ 4a + 2b = 2a + 2b + 14

→ 4a + 2b – 2a – 2b = 14

→ 2a = 14

→ a = 7

So, the number of cows is 7.

Hence, ‘7’ is the correct answer.

The faces opposite to each other are shown below:

1 is opposite to 4

2 is opposite to 3

5 is opposite to 6

So, ‘6’ is opposite to 5.

Hence, ‘6’ is the correct answer.

All options except ‘Stabilizer’ are related to a computer.

Hence, ‘Stabilizer’ is the odd one out.

The faces opposite to each other are shown below:

 → Can be formed

 → Can’t be formed as the opposite faces appear together on the same dice. (The circles are opposite to each other and hence they cannot appear together on the same dice)

 → Can be formed

 → Can be formed

Hence, ‘option 2’ is the correct answer.

Ram and Shyam each saved Rs. 3,000 in 1989.

In 1990, Ram saved 8% more than in 1989 and together he and Shyam saved a total of Rs. 5,000.

8% of Rs. 3,000 is (8/100 × 3,000) = Rs. 240

So, Ram saved Rs. (3,000 + 240) = Rs. 3240 in 1990

And, Shyam saved Rs. (5,000 – 3,240) = Rs. 1,760

Difference in Shyam’s saving in  1990 than in 1989 = Rs. (3,000 – 1,760) = 1,240

Percent less did Shyam save in 1990 than in 1989 = 1,240/3,000 × 100 = 41.34%

41.34% is approximately equal to 41%.

Hence, ‘41%’ is the correct answer.

The figure which can be formed from the pieces is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 1’ is the correct answer.

The number of triangles in the figure is shown below:

Hence, ‘18’ is the correct answer.

The situation which points towards an act of bullying requires action.

1. Four girls are surrounding another girl and have possession on her bag → It clearly indicates an act of bullying as one girl is surrounded by four and have possession on her bag. So, this situation requires action.

2. A girl sitting quietly without interaction → It does not indicates an act of bullying.

3. Two boys playing basketball are arguing → It does not indicates an act of bullying.

4. Three boys are huddled over a video game, which is not allowed in school → It does not indicates an act of bullying.

Hence, ‘option 1’ is the correct answer.

When a mirror is placed on the line MN, then the answer figures that is the correct image of the given figure is shown below:

Hence, ‘option 1’ is the correct answer.

The diagram that best indicates the relation between travelers, train and bus is shown below:

Bus and train are name of vehicles. Travelers are person who can travel by bus or train.

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the correct answer.

According to given conditions,

P is to the ‘south-west’ of Y.

Hence, ‘none of these’ is the correct answer.

The correct answer is option 4, i.e All of the above.

• Ozone gas is continuously formed by the action of UV rays on molecular oxygen and also degraded into molecular oxygen in the stratosphere.
• There should be a balance between production and degradation of ozone in the stratosphere.
• Of late, the balance has been disrupted due to enhancement of ozone degradation by chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs).
• CFCs find wide use as refrigerants. CFCs discharged in the lower part of the atmosphere move upward and reach the stratosphere.
• In the stratosphere, UV rays act on them releasing Cl atoms.
• Cl degrades ozone releasing molecular oxygen, with these atoms acting merely as catalysts; Cl atoms are not consumed in the reaction.
• Hence, whatever CFCs are added to the stratosphere, they have permanent and continuing effects on Ozone.
• ODS include chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrochlorofluorocarbons (HCFCs), halons, methyl bromide, carbon tetrachloride, hydro Bromo fluorocarbons, chlorobromomethane, and methyl chloroform.
• ODS are generally very stable in the troposphere and only degrade under intense ultraviolet light in the stratosphere.

The correct answer is Montane forests.

Key Points

• Montane forests
• The vegetation of high altitudes is Montane Forests.
• In mountainous areas, the decrease in temperature with increasing altitude leads to the corresponding change in natural vegetation.
• These forests cover mostly the southern slopes of the Himalayas, places having high altitudes in southern and north-east India.
• At higher elevations, temperate grasslands are common.
• At high altitudes, generally more than 3,600 metres above sea-level, temperate forests and grasslands give way to the Alpine vegetation.
• Silver fir, junipers, pines, and birches are the common trees of these forests.
• However, they get progressively stunted as they approach the snow-line.
• Ultimately though shrubs and scrubs, they merge into the Alpine grasslands.
• As such, there is a succession of natural vegetation belts in the same order as we see from the tropical to the tundra region.
• The common animals found in these forests are Kashmir stag, spotted dear, wild sheep, jackrabbit, Tibetan antelope, yak, snow leopard etc.

The correct answer is Kaveri.

• The west-flowing rivers are Narmada, Tapti, Mahi, Sabarmati, Luni, etc.
• The East flowing Rivers are Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, etc.
• A large number of the South Indian rivers are seasonal as they are miffed.
• Most of the peninsular rivers flow eastward on the plateau-slope and drain into the Bay of Bengal.
• The Kaveri rises in the Brahmagiri hills (1,341m) of the Kodagu district in Karnataka.
• Its length is 800 km and it drains an area of 81,155 sq. km.
• Since the upper catchment area receives rainfall during the southwest monsoon season (summer) and the lower part during the northeast monsoon season (winter), the river carries water throughout the year with comparatively less fluctuation than the other Peninsular rivers.
• About 3 percent of the Kaveri basin falls in Kerala, 41 percent in Karnataka, and 56 percent in Tamil Nadu.
• Its important tributaries are the Kabini, the Bhavani, and then Amravati.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e Starch.

Key Points

Starch

• The food synthesized by the plant is stored as Starch.
• Starch is the food that gets stored in plant leaves.
• Starch is a polymeric carbohydrate consisting of a large number of glucose units linked by glycosidic bonds.
• It acts as stored energy in plants.
• Food making process in plants is called photosynthesis and synthesized food is stored as carbohydrates (glucose as well as starch).
• Plants are known as photoautotrophs or photosynthetic organisms which means that they are able to synthesize their food directly from carbon dioxide and water using energy from light.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e Jupiter.

• Jupiter is the largest planet of the solar system.
• It is so large that about 1300 Earths can be placed inside this giant planet.
• However, the mass of Jupiter is about 318 times that of our Earth. It rotates very rapidly on its axis.
• If you take a large ball that can accommodate about 1300 peas, then the ball will represent Jupiter and one pea will represent the Earth.
• Jupiter has the largest number of satellites. [other than saturn]
• It also has faint rings around it.
• The atmosphere of Jupiter is composed mainly of hydrogen, helium, methane, and ammonia.
• You can easily recognize Jupiter as it appears quite bright in the sky.
• If you observe it with the help of a telescope, you can also see four of its large moons.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e Liver.

• The small intestine
• The small intestine is highly coiled and is about 7.5 metres long. It receives secretions from the liver and the pancreas.
• Besides, its wall also secretes juices.
• The liver is a reddish-brown gland situated in the upper part of the abdomen on the right side.
• It is the largest gland in the body.
• It secretes bile juice that is stored in a sac called the gallbladder.
• The bile plays an important role in the digestion of fats.
• The pancreas is a large cream coloured gland located just below the stomach.
• The pancreatic juice acts on carbohydrates, fats and proteins and changes them into simpler forms.
• The kidneys are a pair of bean-shaped organs on either side of the spine, below the ribs and behind the belly.
• Each kidney is about 4 or 5 inches long, roughly the size of a large fist.
• The kidneys' job is to filter your blood.
• The pituitary is an important gland in the body and it is often referred to as the 'master gland' because it controls several of the other hormone glands.
• It is an endocrine gland, a pea-sized body attached to the base of the brain.
• It is important in controlling growth and development and the functioning of the other endocrine glands.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e North. 

• In ancient times, people used to determine directions during the night with the help of stars.
• The North star indicates the north direction.
• It is also called the Pole Star.
• It always remains in the same position in the sky.
• We can locate the position of the Pole Star with the help of the Saptarishi.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e Chhota Nagpur Plateau.

• In India, huge reserves of iron, coal, and manganese are found in the Chhota Nagpur plateau.
• In the plateau areas, there may be several waterfalls as the river falls from a great height.
• Hundru waterfall is located in Ranchi district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. It is the 34^th highest waterfall in India.
• It is a type of scrap fall on the Subarnarekha River.
• The lava plateaus are rich in black soil that are fertile and good for cultivation.
• Many plateaus have scenic spots and are of great attraction to tourists.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e Tropical Evergreen Forests.

• Tropical Evergreen Forests
• These forests are restricted to heavy rainfall areas of the Western Ghats and the island groups of Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar, upper parts of Assam and Tamil Nadu coast
• They are at their best in areas having more than 200 cm of rainfall with a short dry season.
• The trees reach great heights up to 60 metres or even above.
• Since the region is warm and wet throughout the year, it has luxuriant vegetation of all kinds – trees, shrubs, and creepers giving it a multilayered structure.
• There is no definite time for trees to shed their leaves.
• As such, these forests appear green all the year-round.
• Some of the commercially important trees of this forest are ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber and cinchona.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e October.

• Wild Life Week
• Wildlife Week is celebrated all over the country in the month of October from 2^nd to 8^th October every year with the view to preserve the fauna which means the animal life of India.
• It was first started in the year 1952 with the great vision of saving the life of the Indian animals by taking some critical steps.
• It involves the planning to save animal extinction of any species of India.
• The Indian Government has established an Indian Board of Wild Life which works to improve the awareness as well as the consciousness of the Indian people towards wildlife preservation.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e Mitochondria.

Mitochondria-

• Mitochondria (sing.: mitochondrion), unless specifically stained, are not easily visible under the microscope.
• The number of mitochondria per cell is variable depending on the physiological activity of the cells.
• In terms of shape and size also, a considerable degree of variability is observed.
• Typically it is sausage-shaped or cylindrical having a diameter of 0.2-1.0µm (average 0.5µm) and length 1.0-4.1µm.
• Each mitochondrion is a double membrane-bound structure with the outer membrane and the inner membrane dividing its lumen distinctly into two aqueous compartments, i.e., the outer compartment and the inner compartment
• Both mitochondria and plastid possess their own genetic material and ribosomes and thus, they are called as semi-autonomous organelles.
• The mitochondrial DNA and plastid DNA possess genes which produce the proteins necessary for the functioning of mitochondria and plastids respectively.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e 18 years and above.

• What is Gram Sabha?
• The term Gram Sabha is defined in the Constitution of India under Article 243(a).
• Gram Sabha is the primary body of the Panchayati Raj system and by far the largest.
• It is a permanent body.
• Gram Sabha is the Sabha of the electorate.

All other institutions of the Panchayati Raj like the Gram Panchayat, Block Panchayat, and Zilla Parishad are constituted by elected representatives.

• The decisions taken by the Gram Sabha cannot be annulled by any other body. The power to annul a decision of the Gram Sabha rests with the Gram Sabha only.
• If you are a candidate for the seat of Member or Sarpanch of Gram Panchayat, you must be a registered voter in the electoral roll of that Gram Panchayat you must not be less than 18 years of age.

The correct answer is Prime Minister.

• The ISC is a constitutional body to facilitate coordination between states and the centre.
• It is a recommendatory body to investigate and also discuss subjects, in which some or all of the states or the Central government have a common interest.
• It is set up on the basis of provisions in Article 263 of the Constitution of India by the Presidential Order, 1990 based on the recommendation of Sarkaria Commissions.

Important Points

• The ISC is not a permanent constitutional body for coordination between the states and the Central government. Rather, the President can establish it at any time if it appears to him that the public interests would be served by the establishment of such a council.
• ISC is headed by Prime Minister (Chairman).

The correct answer is Kerala.

• “Project Tiger”, one of the well-publicised wildlife campaigns in the world, was launched in 1973.
• Tiger conservation has been viewed not only as an effort to save an endangered species but with equal importance as a means of preserving biotypes of sizable magnitude.
• Some of the tiger reserves of India
• Corbett National Park in Uttarakhand,
• Sundarbans National Park in West Bengal,
• Bandhavgarh National Park in Madhya Pradesh,
• Sariska Wildlife Sanctuary in Rajasthan,
• Manas Tiger Reserve in Assam and
• Periyar Tiger Reserve in Kerala.

The correct answer is Admiral.

Key Points

• While the provision for the rank of Admiral of the Fleet exists, it is primarily intended for major wartime use and honour.
• No officer of the Indian Navy has yet been conferred this rank.
• Both the Army and Air Force have had officers who have been conferred with the equivalent rank – Field Marshals Sam Manekshaw and K. M. Cariappa of the Army and Marshal of the Indian Air Force (MIAF) Arjan Singh.
• The highest-ranked naval officer is the Chief of the Naval Staff.
• India uses the Midshipman rank in its navy, and all future officers carry the rank upon entering the Indian Naval Academy.
• They have commissioned Sub-lieutenants upon finishing their course of study. The Medical Officers use the prefix "Surgeon" with all the respective ranks, for example, Surgeon Commander.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e UV-B radiations.

• The stratosphere includes the zone termed the ‘ozone layer’.
• Ozone in the stratosphere plays a very different role to that in the layer below.
• In the ozone layer, it is often referred to as ‘good’ ozone since it plays a crucial role in absorbing potentially dangerous ultraviolet (UV-B) radiation from the sun.
• The ozone layer typically absorbs 97-99 percent of incoming UV-B radiation.
• Higher concentrations of ozone in the stratosphere is therefore crucial to ensure life (including humans) at Earth’s surface are not exposed to harmful concentrations of UV-B radiation.

The correct answer is - Mehrauli.

• The iron pillar 
• The iron pillar at Mehrauli, Delhi, is a remarkable example of the skill of Indian craftspersons.
• It is made of iron, 7.2. m high, and weighs over 3 tonnes.
• It was made about 1500 years ago.
• We know the date because there is an inscription on the pillar mentioning a ruler named Chandra, who probably belonged to the Gupta dynasty.
• What is amazing is the fact that the pillar has not rusted in all these years because of its rust-resistant composition.

The correct answer is option 1, i.e Valmiki.

Key Points

• The Ramayana is about Lord Rama, a prince of Kosala, who was sent into exile.
• His wife Sita was abducted by the king of Lanka, named Ravana, and Rama had to fight a battle to get her back.
• He won and returned to Ayodhya, the capital of Kosala, after his victory.
• Like the Mahabharata, this was an old story that was now written down.
• Valmiki is recognised as the author of the Sanskrit Ramayana.
• Ramayana consists of 24,000 shlokas and seven cantos (kaṇḍas).
• The epic Ramayana, dated variously from 5^th century BCE to first century BCE.
• Valmiki was a Sanskrit poet and celebrated as Adi Kavi.
• There are several versions (many of which are performed) of the Mahabharata and the Ramayana, popular amongst people in different parts of the subcontinent.

The correct answer is option 3, i.e Mars and Jupiter.

Asteroids - 

• There is a large gap between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter.
• This gap is occupied by a large number of small objects that revolve around the Sun.
• These are called asteroids.
• Asteroids can only be seen through large telescopes.
• It is made of metal and rocks.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e Elongated path.

• All the planets of the solar system-- Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune move around the sun in a fixed elongated path.
• The paths are called orbits and all the planets move along its orbit.
• Mercury is nearest to the sun. It takes only about 88 days to complete one round along its orbit.

Given:

A college awarded 38 medals in Football, 15 in Basketball and 20 in Cricket

Total medals won = 58 

3 men got medals in all the 3 sports

Formula Used:

n(AUBUC) = n(A) + n(B) + n(C) - n(AꓵB) - n(BꓵC) - n(AꓵC) + n(AꓵBꓵC)

Calculation:

Let the number of medal in football be n(F) = 38

Let the number of medal in basketball be n(B) = 15

Let the number of medal in cricket be n(C) = 20

n(FꓵBꓵC) = 3

n(FUBUC) = 58

According to the question,

n(FUBUC) = n(F) + n(B) + n(C) - n(FꓵB) - n(BꓵC) - n(FꓵC) + n(FꓵBꓵC)

⇒ 58 - 3 = 38 + 15 + 20 - n(FꓵB) - n(BꓵC) - n(FꓵC) 

⇒ n(FꓵB) + n(BꓵC) + n(FꓵC)  = 3 + 38 + 15 + 20 - 58 

⇒ n(FꓵB) + n(BꓵC) + n(FꓵC) = 18 

Now, for then number of who are getting medals of exactly in 2 sports out of 3 sports

⇒ only (FꓵB) + only (BꓵC) + only (FꓵC) = n(FꓵB) + n(BꓵC) + n(FꓵC) - 3 × n(FꓵBꓵC)

⇒ only (FꓵB) + only (BꓵC) + only (FꓵC) = 18 - 3 × 3 = 9 

∴ 9 men will get medals in exactly 2 sports out of 3 sports

Given:

10ⁿ + 34^{n + 2} + k 

Calculation:

Considering the given equation

10ⁿ + 34^{n + 2} + k

For n = 1

10 + (34)³ + k

⇒ 10 + 39304 + k

⇒ 39314 + k 

∴ For k = 7 given equation will be divisible by 9

Given:

Income in first year = Rs.3,00,000

Increase in income = Rs. 10,000 per year

Formula Used:

S_n = n/2(2a + (n - 1)d)

n = number of terms

d = common difference 

a = first term

Calculation:

Here first term = Rs. 3,00,000

common difference = Rs. 10000

n = 20 years

Now,

S_n = 20/2(2 × 300000 + 19 × 10000)

⇒ S_n = 10 (600000 + 190000)

⇒ S_n = Rs.. 7900000

∴ After 20 years he will receive Rs. 7900000

Given:

Numbers 210, 385 and 735 

Calculation:

Factor of 210 = 2 × 3 × 5 × 7

Factor of 385 = 5 × 7 × 11

Factor of 735 = 3 × 5 × 7 × 7

∴ HCF of (210, 385 and 735) = 35

Given:

Product of two numbers is 216 and their LCM is 36

Formula Used:

Product of two numbers = product of HCF and LCM

Calculation:

216 = 36 × HCF

⇒ HCF = 6

∴ HCF of two numbers is 6

Given:

An electronic device makes a beep after every 60 sec

Another device makes a beep after every 62 sec

Calculation:

They beeped together at 10 a.m

They will beep together again after LCM of  (60 and 62) seconds

LCM of (60 and 62) = 1860 

1860 seconds = 31 minutes 

∴ They beep together again at 10.31 a.m.

Given:

\(\frac{1}{{1 + {a^{n - m}}}} + \frac{1}{{1 + {a^{m - n}}}}\)

Formula Used:

a^m/aⁿ = a^{m - n}

Calculation:

⇒\(\frac{1}{{1 + {a^{n}/a^{m}}}} + \frac{1}{{1 + {a^{m}/a^{n}}}}\) 

⇒ \(\frac{a^{m}}{{a^{m} + {a^{n}}}} + \frac{a^{n}}{{a^{n} + {a^{m}}}}\)

⇒ \(\frac{a^{m} + a^{n}}{{a^{m} + a^{n}}}\)

⇒ 1 

∴ Required value is 1

Given:

x² - x - 2 = 0 

Calculation:

Considering the given equation

x² - x - 2 = 0 

⇒ x² - 2x + x - 2 = 0 

⇒ x (x - 2) + 1 (x - 2) = 0 

⇒ (x + 1)(x - 2) = 0

⇒ x = - 1, 2 

α = - 1,  β = 2

Now,

α²β + β²α = (- 1)² × 2 + (2)² × (- 1)

⇒ 2 - 4 = - 2

∴ α²β + β²α = - 2

Given:

Sum of number = 25 

Sum of reciprocals of number = 1/6

Calculation:

Let the number be x and y 

According to the question,

x + y = 25      ---- (i) 

1/x + 1/y = 1/6 

⇒ (y + x)/xy = 1/6 

⇒ xy = 25 × 6 = 150 

⇒ y = 150/x 

Putting the value of y in equation (i)

x + 150/x = 25 

⇒ x² + 150 = 25x

⇒ x² - 25x + 150 = 0 

⇒ x² - 15x - 10x + 150 = 0 

⇒ x(x - 15) - 10 (x - 15) = 0 

⇒ (x - 15)(x - 10) = 0 

⇒ x = 15, 10

∴ Numbers are 10 and 15  

Short trick

We can also check it from options 

Option (1) 

12 + 13 = 25

1/12 + 1/13 = 25/156 ≠ 1/6 

Option (2)

10 + 15 = 25

1/10 + 1/15 = 1/6 = 1/6

∴ Numbers are 10 and 15

Given:

Five years ago, father's age was 5 times that of his son

After 3 years father will be 3 times as old as his son

Calculation:

Let the present age of son be x years 

Present age of father be y years 

According to the question,

Five years ago, father's age was 5 times that of his son

(y - 5) = 5 (x - 5)

⇒ y - 5 = 5x - 25 

⇒ y - 5x + 20 = 0     ---- (i)

After 3 years father will be 3 times as old as his son

(y + 3) = 3(x + 3)

⇒ y + 3 = 3x + 9

⇒ y - 3x - 6 = 0      ---- (ii)

Solving equation (i) and (ii) we get,

x = 13

∴ Present age of son is 13 years

Given:

Certain sum of money is doubled in 8 years

Formula Used:

When calculated at simple interest

Interest = (p × r × t)/100

Where p, r and t respectively are principal, rate of interest and time

Calculation:

Let the rate of interest be r% and principal be p

According to the question,

p = (p × r × 8)/100

⇒ r = 12.5%

Let it becomes four times in t years

When it becomes four times then interest is 3p

⇒ 3p = (p × 12.5 × t)/100

⇒ t = 24 years

∴ It becomes four times in 24 years

Given:

Average score of 35 girls is 80

Average score of 25 boys is 68

Formula Used:

Average = (Sum of all the observations)/(Total number of observations)

Calculation:

Average score of 35 girls is 80 

Total score of 35 girls = 80 × 35 = 2800

Average score of 25 boys is 68

Total score of 25 boys = 68 × 25 = 1700

Total score boys and girls together = 2800 + 1700 = 4500

∴ Average score of boys and girls together = 4500/60 = 75

Given:

Average age of 10 students is 14 years

Average age of 4 students is 12 years

Formula Used:

Average = (Sum of all the observations)/(Total number of observations)

Calculation:

Average age of 10 students is 14 years

Total age of 10 students of 14 years = 10 × 14 = 140 years 

Average age of 4 students is 12 years

Total age of 4 students of 12 years = 4 × 12 = 48 years

Remaining students = 10 - 4 = 6 

∴ Average age of remaining students = (140 - 48)/6 = 15.333

Given:

Ayush gets Rs. 33,000 after getting an increase of 10% in his salary

Calculation:

Let the original salary of Ayush be x 

⇒ x = (33000/110) × 100 = Rs. 30000

∴ Original salary of Ayush is Rs. 30000

Shortcut Trick

Shortcut trick:

20% = 1/5

Let the original price of milk be 5 units 

New price of milk = 5 - 1  4 units 

Original quantity consumed = 4 units 

New quantity = 5 units 

So, Increase in consumption = 1/4 × 100 = 25%

∴ Use of milk is increased by 25%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Price of the milk is decreased by 20%.

Original expenditure = New expenditure

Formula Used:

Expenditure = Price × Consumption

Calculation:

Let, the price of milk be x 

New price = x - (20/100) × x = 0.8x 

Let the consumption be y 

Expenditure = x × y = xy 

Let the new consumption be z

As Expenditure remains same 

xy = 0.8xz

⇒ 0.8z = y 

So, Increase in consumption = z - 0.8z = 0.2z

⇒ Required percentage = 0.2z/0.8z × 100 = 25%

∴ Use of milk is increased by 25%.

Given:

Amount of 80% pure groundnut oil = 20 kgs

Resultant mixture should be 95% pure.

Concept used:

Here, we will be using the concept of alligation.

Calculation:

Let x kg of pure ground nut added

In 20 kg,

80% is pure ground oil 

Pure ground nut oil = (80/100) × 20 = 16 kg

Impurity = (20/100) × 20 = 4 kg 

Now, 

When x kg of pure ground nut oil added 

Pure ground nut oil = x + 16 

Resulting mixture contains 95% pure ground nut oil

⇒ (95/100) × (x + 20)

⇒ x + 16 = 0.95 (x + 20)

⇒ x + 16 = 0.95x + 19 

⇒ 0.05x = 3

⇒ x = 60 

∴ 60 kg of pure oil ground nut added

Given:

An article is sold at 40% gain on the cost price

Formula Used:

SP = CP + Profit

Calculation:

Let the cost price of article be x

SP = x + (40/100) × x 

⇒ SP = 1.4x

∴ Ratio of SP and CP = 1.4x/x = 7 : 5

Given:

Rs. 3,262 among x, y, z 

Rs. 35, Rs. 15, Rs. 12 are deducted from the respective shares 

Ratio of remainders of x, y and z is 3 : 5 : 8

Calculation:

If Rs. 35, 15 and 12 are deducted from the share of x, y and z respectively

Remaining amount = 3262 - 35 - 15 - 12 = 3200

According to the question,

Ratio of remaining amount of x, y and z = 3 : 5 : 8 

16 units = 3200

1 unit = 200

∴ Share of x = 3 × 200 + 35 = 635

Given:

A mixture contains milk and water in the ratio 5 : 1

On adding 5 liters of water, the ratio of milk and water becomes 5 : 2

Calculation:

Let the quantity of milk and water in the original mixture be 5x and x respectively

According to the qestion,

(5x)/(x + 5) = 5/2

⇒ 10x = 5x + 25

⇒ 5x = 25 

⇒ x = 5 

∴ Quantity of milk in the original mixture is 5x = 5 × 5 = 25 litres

Given:

In a fort, there was a ration for 560 soldiers that would last the soldiers for 70 days

After 20 days, 60 soldiers left the fort

Formula Used:

Man – day formula

(m₁× d₁× h₁)/w₁ = (m₂ × d₂ × h₂)/w₂

Where m₁, m₂ is the number of persons working

d₁, d₂ is the number of days taken

h_1, h₂ is the number of hours

w₁, w₂ is the units of work done 

Calculation:

There was ration for 560 soldiers that would last the soldiers for 70 days

Let the quantity of ration one soldier eat in a day = x

⇒ Total quantity of ration = 560 × x ×  70 = 39200x

After 20 days, 60 soldiers left the fort

Quantity of ration used in 20 days 

⇒ 20 × 560x= 11200x

⇒ Remaining ration = 39200x - 11200x = 28000x

Remaining soldiers = 560 - 60 = 500 

∴ Ration lasts for 28000x/500x = 56 days

जिन शब्दों के अर्थ एक समान होते हैं, उन्हें समानार्थी, समानार्थक या पर्यायवाची शब्द कहते हैं। ‘खोज’ का अर्थ है ‘अविष्कार, अन्वेषण’ इत्यादि। अतः सही विकल्प ‘आविष्कार’ है।

अन्य विकल्प

विशेष

सही विकल्प शहद बेचने वाला है।

अन्य विकल्प

• मधुकर का पर्यायवाची शब्द है भौंरा, भँवरा, भ्रमर, भृंग, इत्यादि।
• जिन शब्दों के अर्थ एक समान होते हैं, उन्हें समानार्थी, समानार्थक या पर्यायवाची शब्द कहते हैं।

अन्य महत्वपूर्ण पर्यायवाची शब्द

संज्ञा के स्थान पर प्रयुक्त होने वाले शब्दों को सर्वनाम कहा जाता है। सर्वनाम संज्ञाओं की पुनरावृति रोककर वाक्यों को सौंदर्ययुक्त बनाता है। मूलतः सर्वनामों की संख्या ग्यारह है – मैं, तू, आप, यह, वह, जो, सो, कौन, कोई और कुछ आदि। अतः सही विकल्प वह है।

अन्य विकल्प

• हेमामिलिनी संज्ञा शब्द है।
• सफल तथा एक विशेषण शब्द है। 

विशेष

‘शेर दहाड़ता है’ वाक्य, अकर्मक क्रिया का उदाहरण है। यहाँ क्रिया (दहाड़ता) के साथ कर्म नहीं है और क्रिया का प्रभाव सिर्फ कर्ता (शेर) पर पड़ रहा है। अतः सही विकल्प अकर्मक है।

अन्य विकल्प

विशेष

‘भानु + उदय = भानूदय’। संधि का शाब्दिक अर्थ है मेल या समझौता। जब दो वर्णों का मिलन अत्यन्त निकटता के कारण होता है तब उनमें कोई-न-कोई परिवर्तन होता है और वही परिवर्तन संधि के नाम से जाना जाता है। यहाँ ‘उ + उ = ऊ’ के नियम का पालन किया जा रहा है। यह नियम स्वर संधि के प्रकार ‘दीर्घ संधि’ का उदाहरण है। अतः सही विकल्प भानूदय है।

अन्य विकल्प

• इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।

विशेष

सही उत्तर विकल्प 4 'दुःख' है।

Key Points

• 'खेद' का पर्यायवाची 'दुःख' है।
• 'खेद' के अन्य पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं- पीर, लेश, दुःख, पीड़ा, कष्ट, व्यथा, वेदना, संताप, शोक
• अन्य विकल्प ‘हर्ष, प्रसन्नता, ख़ुशी' तीनों खेद के विपरीतार्थक शब्द हैं।

Additional Information

तत्सम शब्दों में समय और परिस्थितियों के कारण कुछ परिवर्तन होने से जो शब्द बने हैं उन्हें तद्भव कहते हैं। तद्भव का शाब्दिक अर्थ है – उससे बने (तत् + भव = उससे उत्पन्न), अर्थात जो उससे (संस्कृत से) उत्पन्न हुए हैं। यहाँ ‘घर’ शब्द ‘गृह’ का तद्भव रूप है। अतः सही विकल्प घर है।

अन्य विकल्प

विशेष

‘दूरदर्शी’ का अर्थ है ‘दूर की बात सोचनेवाला’, ‘दूरंदेश’। इस आधार पर ‘दूरदर्शी’ शब्द का उचित अर्थ ‘जिसमें दूर की बात सोच लेने की सूझ हो’ है। अतः सही विकल्प जिसमें दूर की बात सोच लेने की सूझ हो है।

अन्य विकल्प

• इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।

सही उत्तर जहाँ जाना कठिन हो है।

Key Points

• ‘दुर्गम’ शब्द का उचित अर्थ ‘जहाँ जाना कठिन हो’ है।
• अन्य विकल्प अनुचित हैं।

अन्य वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द

सही उत्तर बेवकूफ़ है।

Key Points

‘अक्ल का दुश्मन’ एक बहुत ही प्रसिद्ध मुहावरा है जिसका सामान्य अर्थ होता है मूर्ख, बेवकूफ़

या बेवकूफ़ी के काम करने वाला। 

अन्य विकल्प

• इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।

दोनों भागों का सही सुमेलन (जोड़) इस प्रकार है - 

अतः सही विकल्प a – 2, b – 1, c – 4, d – 3  है।

अन्य विकल्प

दोनों भागों में समानार्थक शब्दों का सुमेलन (जोड़) इस प्रकार है -

अतः सही विकल्प a – 3, b – 1, c – 2, d – 4  है।

विशेष

दोनों भागों का सुमेलन (जोड़) इस प्रकार है -

अतः सही विकल्प a – 4, b – 3, c – 2, d – 1 है।

किसी भी व्यक्ति, वस्तु, जाति, भाव या स्थान के नाम को ही संज्ञा कहते हैं। जैसे – मनुष्य (जाति), अमेरिका, भारत (स्थान), बचपन, मिठास(भाव), किताब, टेबल(वस्तु) आदि। यहाँ दिए गए वाक्य में ‘मोहन’ संज्ञा शब्द है। अतः सही विकल्प मोहन है।

अन्य विकल्प

• ‘मेरा’ तथा ‘है’ दोनों शब्द संज्ञा नहीं हैं क्योंकि इनसे किसी व्यक्ति, वस्तु या स्थान का बोध नहीं हो रहा है।

बाघ’ पुल्लिंग शब्द है अर्थात जिन संज्ञा के शब्दों से पुरुष जाति का पता चलता है, उसे पुल्लिंग कहते हैं। जैसे – पिता, राजा, आदि। इसका स्त्रीलिंग रूप होगा ‘बाघिनी’। वह संज्ञा शब्द जो हमें स्त्री जाति का बोध कराते हैं, वे शब्द स्त्रीलिंग संज्ञा शब्द कहलाते हैं। जैसे - बाघिनी, माता, आदि। अतः सही विकल्प बाघिनी है।

अन्य विकल्प

• इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।

विशेष

‘ऋषि’ एकवचन शब्द है अर्थात जिस शब्द से किसी एक वस्तु के होने का भाव हो। इसका बहुवचन रूप होगा ‘ऋषियों’।

‘बहुवचन’ अर्थात जिस शब्द से किसी वस्तु के एक से अधिक होने का भाव हो। अतः सही विकल्प ऋषियों है।

Confusion Points एकवचन का उदाहरण - वाल्मीकि ऋषि का आश्रम गंगा नदी के किनारे पर स्थित है।

बहुवचन का उदाहरण - ऋषियों ने मिलकर सांस्कृतिक पुनरुत्थान का कार्य किया।

अन्य विकल्प

• इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।

विशेष

भूतकाल का अर्थ होता है बिता हुआ। क्रिया के जिस रूप से बीते हुए समय का पता चले उसे भूतकाल कहते हैं। अथार्त जिस क्रिया से कार्य के समाप्त होने का पता चले उसे भूतकाल कहते हैं। यहाँ दिए गए वाक्य में ‘हैं’ का प्रयोग अवश्य है मगर यह क्रिया पहले ही पूरी हो चुकी है। अतः सही विकल्प भूतकाल है।

अन्य विकल्प

जिन शब्दों से दो वस्तुओं की परस्पर तुलना की जाती है वे शब्द तुलनाबोधक विशेषण कहलाते हैं। यहाँ दिए गए वाक्य में ‘काली’ शब्द ‘गाय’ की विशेषता बता रहा है तथा ‘अधिक’ शब्द ‘दूध’ की विशेषता बता रहा है। इसीलिए यह दोनों शब्द ‘विशेषण’ हैं। अतः सही विकल्प काली और अधिक है।

अन्य विकल्प

• ‘गाय’ और ‘दूध’ संज्ञा शब्द है।
• ‘देती है’ क्रिया शब्द है।

काल के तीन भेद होते हैं - वर्तमान काल, भविष्य काल तथा प्राचीन काल। अतः सही विकल्प तीन है।

अन्य विकल्प

• यह एक तथ्य है, इसीलिए अन्य विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं है।

विशेष

दोनों भागों का काल के अनुसार सुमेलन (जोड़) इस प्रकार है -

अतः सही विकल्प a – 2, b – 3, c – 1  है।

विशेष

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. 'when'.

Explanation-

• The word 'scarcely' is always used followed by the word 'when'.
• Example: Scarcely had she gone when her father came here to meet her.

• Scarcely------when is correlative conjunction; Correlative conjunction are pairs of words used to connect two parts of a sentence with equal value
• If the second event occurs immediately after the first, we can express that idea using the structure Scarcely------when

​Thus, the correct option is 1 and therefore the answer.

The correct answer is option 4), i.e. 

The given is an imperative sentence and an order has been given. So, in the indirect speech the word 'ordered' should be used.

The construction of the sentence in indirect speech:

'

'to' should be used before the reported speech.

Hence, option 4) is the answer.

The correct answer is "The teacher told Rohit that she was very happy with his performance."

Key Points

• The reporting verb is in simple past tense and the reported speech is in the simple present tense. Therefore, the reported speech would undergo a backshift of tense and change to simple past tense.
• Whenever 'said' is used with an indirect object then we need to use 'to' with it. The indirect object here is 'Rohit'

The construction of the sentence in indirect speech:

Hence, option 3) is the answer.

The correct answer is option 1), i.e. is.

The word 'Athletics' is a plural noun but it is treated as a singular noun. Therefore, a singular verb should be used. 

'is' should be chosen because the sentence is written in simple present tense.

         So, option 1) is the answer.

The correct answer is option 1), i.e. 'were'.

The given is a sentence written in passive voice. The action was taken in a time before now. Therefore, simple past tense should be used here.

The subject, i.e. 'new products' is a plural noun. Therefore, a 'plural verb' should be used here. So, 'were' is the correct auxiliary verb.

 Hence, option 1) is the best fit.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Self control.

The meaning of the word 'Equanimity' is 'calmness' or 'self control'.

The meaning of the given words:

• Equal: the same as
• Self control: the ability or capacity to control oneself.
• Loyalty: faithfulness
• Spend thrift: a person who spends money in an irresponsible way

Hence, option 2 is the appropriate synonym.

The correct answer is option 3), i.e. 'Healthy'.

The meaning of the word 'Salubrious' is 'healthy'.

The meaning of the given words:

• Society: Community
• Harmful: dangerous or damaging
• Healthy: in good health
• Tasty: delicious

Hence, option 3) is the appropriate synonym of the given word.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Conjunction.

Key Points

• The underlined word 'after' which is used to express 'afterward or after doing something' is a conjunction because it has introduced a clause.

            Thus the correct option is 1 and therefore the answer

• **Let's look at the function or usage of other given options-**​

The correct answer is option 3), i.e. Adjective.

Key Points

• The underlined word 'both' is an adjective because it has referred to the two sisters.
• 'Both' is used as an adjective when it refers to two people or things and identifies them together.
• Example: Both the girls were dancers. 

The function of the parts of speech given in the options:

The correct answer is option 1), i.e. rains.

The given is a type 1 conditional sentence. Therefore, in the if clause 'simple present tense' must be used. Example: If you read the book you will understand the story.

        Therefore, 'rains' should be used here.

         Hence, option 1) is the best fit.

A conditional sentence expresses an imaginary or hypothetical situation and its consequence. Example: If you give your best you will be successful.

The correct answer is option 1), i.e. for.

A certain amount of time is mentioned here. Therefore, 'for' is the correct preposition for the sentence.

• 'For' is used to express a certain amount of time. Example: She has been reading for three hours.
• 'Since' is used to express a certan time period in the past until the present time.

Example: She has been working here since five years.

• 'Until'  means 'up to'. Example: She was waiting for us until 3 p.m.
• 'Over' means 'above'. Example: I could not see her as she put her hands over my eyes.

The correct answer is option 1), i.e. for.

A certain amount of time is mentioned here. Therefore, 'for' is the correct preposition for the sentence.

Hence, option 1) is the best fit.

'For' is used to express a certain amount of time. Example: She has been reading for three hours.

         'Since' is used to express a certain time period in the past until the present time. Example: She has been working here since five years.

          'Until'  means 'up to'. Example: She was waiting for us until 3 p.m.

          'Over' means 'above'. Example: I could not see her as she put her hands over my eyes.

The correct answer is option 3), i.e. Adverb Clause.

Key Points 

 The underlined part of the sentence expresses the time of an action. Therefore, it is an adverb clause.

Adjective clause: An adjective clause is used to qualify or modify a noun or a pronoun. Example: I don't like Reba, who is your friend.

• In the given example, the clause 'who is your friend' is describing the noun 'Reba'.

         Noun clause: A noun clause is a dependent clause which acts as a noun. It may act like the subject of a verb or the object of a verb.

• Example: I did not see that the kid was crying.

         Adverb clause: An adverb clause is used to modify or qualify an adjective, a verb or another adverb.

• Example: The girl was so exhausted that she fell asleep.

The correct answer is: option 2.
The underlined clause "When the thief saw the police man" indicates the time of the action and functions as an adverb clause of time.

The correct answer is option 4), i.e. Imperative sentence.

In the given sentence, a request has been made. Therefore, it is an imperative sentence.

Hence, option 4) is the answer.

Optative sentence: A sentence which expresses prayer, wish or curse etc is called an optative sentence. Example: May god bless the child.

Declarative sentence: A declarative sentence is a statement which is informative. Example: She is a cat.

         Interrogative sentence: An interrogative sentence is used to ask question. Example: What is the name of you brother?

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. still

According to the given sentence, something has been done in spite of some problems. So, the word 'still' which means 'in spite of'  should be used here.

Thus, the correct option is 1 and therefore the answer.

'Therefore' is used to express 'consequently'. Example: Her brother is sick and therefore he will not go with us.

'But' is used to join two clauses contrasting with each other. Example: She is coming but we cannot wait for her.

         'And' is used to join words or phrases which should be written together. Example: She will eat a cake and an omelet.

The correct answer is option 3), i.e. Litotes.

 In the given sentence 'no' which is a negative word is used before another word. Therefore, 'Litotes' is used in the sentence.

Hence, option 3) is the answer.

Synecdoche: When a part represents the whole or vice versa it is called synecdoche.

Transferred Epithet: When an adjective which is used to qualify a person is transferred to another object or thing is called transferred epithet.

          Metaphor: A metaphor is a figure of speech which is used to describe a person or an object by mentioning something which is believed to have similar features to that person or object.

The correct answer is option 1), i.e. Pun.

In the given sentence some words or phrases are suggesting different meaning of the words. So, Pun is the figure of speech which is used here.

Hence, option 1) is the answer.

Climax: When a series of ideas are expressed in ascending order it is called climax.

Euphemism: Euphemism is presenting an offensive word in a pleasant way.

         Epigram:  Epigram is used to express a thought or an idea in a witty way.