DSSSB PRT Official Paper 14 Nov 2019 Shift 2 (Previous Year Paper)

The family chart is as follows:

Drawing the family tree as per the given information:

Thus we can see woman related to that man as daughter.

Hence, the correct answer is " Daughter".

The logic followed here is :

 

Given expression is : 18 - 6 + 12 × 4 ÷ 2 = ?

Replacing the signs as per the given directions and using the BODMAS rule:

Option 1: 13 × 19 + 2 ÷ 16 – 4 = 43

13 + 19 × 2 - 16 ÷ 4 = 43

13 + 19 × 2 - 4 = 43

13 + 38 - 4 = 43

51 - 4 = 43

47 ≠ 43 

Option 2: 4 × 16 + 42 - 21 ÷ 14 = 22

Replacing the signs as per the given directions and using the BODMAS rule:

4 + 16 × 42 ÷ 21 - 14 = 22

4 + 16 × 2 - 14 = 22

4 + 32 - 14 = 22

36 - 14 = 22

22 = 22

Option 3: 13 × 16 ÷ 43 - 39 + 78 = - 57

Replacing the signs as per the given directions and using the BODMAS rule:

13 + 16 - 43 ÷ 39 × 78 = - 57

13 + 16 - 43 / 39 × 78 = -57

13 + 16 - 43 × 2 = -57

13 + 16 - 86 = -57

29 - 86 = -57

Option 4: 46 × 11 - 23 + 69 ÷ 11 = 68

46 + 11 ÷ 23 × 69 - 11 = 68

46 + 0.47826087 × 69 - 11 = 68

46 + 33 - 11 = 68

79 - 11 = 68

68 = 68

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

There are eight floors in the building. 1 is the lowermost floor, then 2 is just above 1, then 3 is just above 2, and so on till 8.

Eight boys B1, B2, B3, B4, B5, B6, B7, and B8 live on these eight floors.

i) B8 lives on the lowermost floor.

ii) B3 lives on the fifth floor

 

iii) B2, B3, and B6 don’t live below B7.

To satisfy this condition B2, B3, and B6 cannot live on floors 2, 3, and 4 because they don't live below B7.

iv) Only B4 lives between B1 and B5.

v) B1 lives above B5.

vi) B4 lives on an odd-numbered floor. (Thus it can be placed on the floor 7^th only)

vii) B2 lives on an even-numbered floor. (Thus only one place left i.e floor 4^th).

viii) B2 lives just above B6. ( This means B6 is on the 3^rd floor.

Thus the final arrangement is:

 

Option 1: B5, B6

We can see there is a two-floor gap between them.

Op[tion 2: B1, B3

We can see there is a two-floor gap between them.

Option 3: B3, B7

We can see there is a two-floor gap between them.

Option 4: B8, B4

We can see there is a five-floor gap between them. 

All the options except option (4) following the common logic of a 2-floor gap between them while option 4 does not follow the common pattern.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed is:

The lion lives in the den.

Similarly,

The bird lives in the nest.

Hence, the correct answer is "Bird".

Additional Information

Some important Dwelling places Important for exams. 

• A place where government records are kept  → Archives.
• A place where ammunition is hidden → Cache.
• A place where birds are kept → Aviary.
• A place where animals are slaughtered for the market → Abattoir.
• A squirrel’s home → Drey.

The logic followed is:

First is the workplace of the second.

The field is the working place of the farmer.

Similarly,

The factory is the working place for the worker.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

"Servant : House" seems to be a correct option but it follows "Second word is the workplace of the first word" which is the reverse of the logic following in this question.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as below:

Conclusions:

1. Some ball are car → False (It is possible but not definite). 2. Some chair are not ball → True (As no chair is a ball then some chair is not ball is also a definite conclusion).

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion II follows".

Additional Information

Drawing the Diagram as per the given information:

Thus distance between starting point and ending point = 19 + 2 = 21 km.

The direction of point J from the final point is Southwest**.**

Hence, the correct answer is "21 km, Southwest".

The logic followed is:

In all the options except option (iv), the letter first and third are opposite pairs, and letter second and fourth are opposite pairs whereas in option (iv) first and fourth are opposite pairs and second and third are opposite pairs that are different from the common pattern.

Option 1: KT – PG

The letter first and third is opposite pairs, and letter second and fourth are opposite pairs

Option 2: HR – SI

The letter first and third is opposite pairs, and letter second and fourth are opposite pairs

Option 3: NG – MT

The letter first and third is opposite pairs, and letter second and fourth are opposite pairs

Option 4: LM – NO

The first and fourth are opposite pairs and the second and third are opposite pairs that are different from the common pattern.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The logic followed is:

Given: 

i) 24 N 16 A 4 = 12

Replacing N = - and A = + 

24 - 16 + 4 = 12

28 - 16 = 12

12 = 12

ii) 14 A 18 N 12 = 20

Replacing N = - and A = + 

14 + 18 - 12 = 20

32 - 12 = 20

20 = 20

Similarly,

48 N 16 A 15 = ?

Replacing N = - and A = + 

48 - 16 + 15 = ?

63 - 16 = ?

? = 47

Hence, the correct answer is "47".

Eight persons A, B, C, D, E, F, G, and H are sitting around a circular table facing towards the centre.

i) C is third to the right of A.

ii) If A is to the immediate left of G.

iii) F is sitting opposite G.

iv) H is the immediate neighbour of C and G.

v) D is third to the left of E.

The final arrangement is:

Then we can see B is sitting opposite H.

Hence, the correct answer is "B".

Drawing the Diagram as per the given information:

Now, Triangle "MGT" is a right-angled triangle, so using Pythagoras Theorem: 

GT2 = MT2 + MG2 

GT2 = (4)2 + (13)2

GT2 = 16 + 169

GT2 = 185

GT = √185

Hence, the correct answer is "**√**185".

The logic followed is:

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "JFPGONQL".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as below:

Conclusions:

1. No N is R → False (It is possible but not definite). 2. Some M are L → False (It is possible but not definite). 3. No R is L → True (As no L is R is true then no R is L is also a definite conclusion).

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion III follows".

Additional Information

The pattern followed is:

1. The sides of the first figure are extended to get the second figure.
2. An equal number of the small circles is inserted on the right of the extended sides.

Thus only one figure that satisfies the given pattern is:

The complete series is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The logic followed is:

Instead of 21UF, the correct term will be 23UF to follow the pattern.

Hence, the correct answer is "21UF".

When the paper is unfolded it will appear like this:

The unfolded figure will be similar to the figure shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The Venn diagram that best represents the relationship between Mammals, Whale, and Elephant is shown below:

Whale and Elephant belong to the class Mammal.

Elephants are the largest land mammals on earth and have distinctly massive bodies, large ears, and long trunks.

Hence, ‘Option 1’ is the correct answer.

The logic followed is:

Hence, the correct answer is "VF223".

From the given diagram:

Thus the shaded part represents a total number of employees who are strong is 8 + 4 = 12.

Hence, the correct answer is "12".

According to the sequence in the dictionary: 

The correct order of the given words is:

1. SEALED 2. SEARCH
2. SECURE 3. SEWAGE

Hence, the correct answer is "1, 2, 4, 3".

Additional Information

1. First of all, check the common letter in all.
2. Arrange them according to the alphabet they come first.
3. When common letters are arranged, then go for the rest.

The correct answer is Cauvery river.

Key Points

• The Mettur Dam is one of the largest dams in India and also the largest in Tamil Nadu, located across the river Cauvery.
• Mettur is known for its huge dam, power generation, chemical manufacturing, and aluminium production.
• Most of the water requirements for irrigation in Tamil Nadu is provided by the Mettur Dam.
• The Mettur Dam is also called Stanley Reservoir.
• The dam was made in the year 1934 (after 9 years of foundation stone).
• The maximum height and width of the dam are 214 and 171 feet respectively.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Mads Pedersen.

• Mads Pedersen won Cycling’s World Road Race at Sodden World Championship 2019.

Key Points

• As two of the hottest favourites in the world road race championship fell to pieces in the space of 15 minutes the 23-year-old Mads Pedersen sprang through in unexpected style to give Denmark its first elite men’s title beating Italy’s Matteo Trentin.
• Becoming the youngest male world champion in the category in 20 years.
• Mads Pedersen is a Danish professional racing cyclist.
• Who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Trek–Segafredo.
• In September 2019, he won the men's road race at the 2019 UCI Road World Championships in Yorkshire, England.
• And became the first Danish cyclist to win the men's World Championship road race title.

​

Additional Information

• Matteo Trentin is an Italian professional road cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam UAE Team Emirates.
• Stefan Küng is a Swiss cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam Groupama–FDJ. He is also a citizen of Liechtenstein.
• Milind Soman is an actor, supermodel, film producer, and fitness enthusiast.

The correct answer is The USA.

• USA won FIFA Women’s World Cup 2019.

Key Points

• The eighth edition of the FIFA Women's World Cup was hosted in France.
• 24 countries were participated to win the coveted cup and a cash prize of four million USD.
• FIFA Women’s World Cup 2019
• ​Champion: United States (4^th title)
• Player of the Match: Megan Rapinoe
• Runner-up: Netherland
• Third place: Sweden
• ​The 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup is scheduled to be the 9^th edition of the FIFA Women's World Cup
• The tournament will be jointly hosted by Australia and New Zealand and is scheduled to take place from 20 July to 20 August 2023.

​

Additional Information

• The FIFA Women's World Cup was founded in 1991.
• The first WWC tournament was held 61 years after the men's first FIFA World Cup in 1930.
• China was the first country to host the WWC tournament.
• Since then, it has been held in Sweden, Germany, Canada, twice in China and the US, and is now being held in France.
• Australian Ellyse Perry has appeared in both the women's cricket (2009) and football World Cup (2011).
• The 2015 FIFA World Cup featured the youngest coach in World Cup history - Ecuador's Vanessa Arauz, at 26 years.
• In 2015, 750 million people tuned in to watch the FIFA women's world cup, held in Canada.

The correct answer is Rajasthan.

Key Points

• Adhai Din Ka Jhonpra:
• Adhai Din ka Jhonpra is located in Ajmer district, Rajasthan.
• Adhai Din ka Jhonpra is a mosque that is said to be built within two and a half days by the order of Mohammad Ghori.
• The sultan ordered the mosque to be built within 60 hours and the workers worked day and night but were only able to construct a screen wall so that the sultan could offer his prayers.
• After defeating Prithvi Raj Chauhan III, once Mohammad Ghori was passing by Ajmer and saw many temples so he ordered his slave named Qutbuddin Aibak to construct a mosque so that he can offer prayers.
• The sultan also ordered that the mosque has to be built within two and a half days.

​

Additional Information

The correct answer is Bauxite.

Key Points

• Orissa is the largest bauxite producing state.
• The most important bauxite deposits in the state are Panchpatmali deposits in the Koraput district.
• Bauxite deposits are formed by the decomposition of rocks rich in aluminium silicates.
• India's bauxite deposits are mainly found in the Amarkantak plateau, Maikal hills and the plateau region of Bilaspur-Katni.
• By States, Odisha alone accounts for 51% of the country's resources of bauxite followed by Andhra Pradesh (16%), Gujarat (9%), Jharkhand (6%), Maharashtra (5%) and Madhya Pradesh & Chhattisgarh (4% each).
• Major bauxite resources are concentrated in the East Coast bauxite deposits in Odisha and Andhra Pradesh.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Aschelminthes.

• Aschelminthes is a group of animals that is bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic.

​

Key Points        

• Animals are classified on the basis of symmetry of body plan and germ layers.
• If the body plan is made up of three germ layers called triploblastic.
• If it is made up of two germ layers called diploblastic.
• Ctenophores are biradially symmetrical and diploblastic, whereas some species are triploblastic.
• Aschelminthes are commonly known as roundworms.
• They are characterized by the presence of a pseudocoelom.
• It is now an obsolete phylum of invertebrates and the animals grouped under this are now kept in ten different phyla.
• They are free-living or parasites.
• They are found in soil, freshwater, or as a parasite on plants, animals, and even humans.
• Ascaris is found living as an endoparasite in the human intestine.
• Aschelminthes are bilaterally symmetrical and triploblastic.
• Common examples of aschelminth​
• ​Roundworm- Ascaris lumbricoides
• Hookworm- Ancylostoma
• Filarial worm- Wuchereria
• Pinworm- Enterobius vermicularis
• Whipworm- Trichuris trichiura

Additional Information

• Sponges are asymmetrical and diploblastic.​
• They are the members of the phylum Porifera, are a basal animal clade as a sister of the Diploblasts.
• Scientific name: Porifera
• Kingdom: Animalia
• Coelenterates are radially symmetrical and diploblastic.
• Coelenterata is a term encompassing the animal phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora.
• Kingdom: Animalia

The correct answer is Sugarcane.

• Sugarcane crops ‘Fair and Remunerative Price (FRP)’ is announced by Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs.

Key Points

• The Union Cabinet has cleared a proposal to create an emergency sugar reserve of 4 million tonnes and approved the Fair and Remunerative Prices for sugarcane for the year 2019-20.
• The sugar industry is an important agro-based industry that impacts the rural livelihood of about 50 million sugarcane farmers and around 5 lakh workers directly employed in sugar mills.
• India is the world’s second-largest sugar producer after Brazil and also the largest consumer.
• ​Sugarcane prices are determined by:
• Federal Government
• State Government
• The Federal/Central Government announces Fair and Remunerative Prices which are determined on the recommendation of the Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) and are announced by the Cabinet Committee on Economic Affairs, which is chaired by the Prime Minister.
• The State Advised Prices (SAP) are announced by key sugarcane-producing states which are generally higher than FRP.

Additional Information

• The Commission for Agricultural Costs and Prices (CACP) is an attached office of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India.
• It came into existence in January 1965.
• It is an advisory body whose recommendations are not binding to Government.

The correct answer is Nitesh Kumar Jangir.

• 2019 Commonwealth Secretary-General’s Innovation for Sustainable Development Award in People’s category for developing a low-cost breathing support device named Saans for newborn babies has been awarded to Nitesh Kumar Jangir.

Key Points

• An Indian engineer named Nitesh Kumar Jangir won the 2019 Commonwealth Secretary-General's Innovation for Sustainable Development Award in London, United Kingdom (UK).
• He won the award in the People category, for creating a low-cost breathing support device called 'Saans' for premature babies.
• Nitesh Kumar Jangir:
• He is a Bangalore-based electronics engineer and is co-founder of Coeo Labs, a medical device company that holds a vision of preventing preventable deaths in the field of emergency and critical care.
• Thus, he created Saans as a breathing support device to tackle avoidable deaths of premature babies from neonatal respiratory distress syndrome due to a lack of immediate access to complex medical equipment.
• The award received will help in upscaling this device across Commonwealth countries, for use in similar conditions in regions like Africa.
• About ‘Saans’
• It is a breathing support device used for tackling avoidable deaths of premature babies from Neonatal Respiratory Distress Syndrome (RDS).

Additional Information

• Commonwealth Secretary-General’s Innovation for Sustainable Development Awards
• ​The objective of this awards seek to celebrate and support impactful innovations and forward-looking solutions that help Commonwealth countries achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) at the same time advancing values in Commonwealth Charter.
• Dr. Suresh Sehgal, the best Surgical Oncologist Cancer Surgeon in Mumbai.
• Kailasavadivoo Sivan is an Indian space scientist who is the current Secretary and ex-officio chairman of the Indian Space Research Organisation and Space Commission.
• He has previously served as the Director of the Vikram Sarabhai Space Center and the Liquid Propulsion Systems Centre.

The correct answer is Rs. 500 crores.

• Rs. 500 crores the corpus of Contingency Fund authorized by the Parliament.

Key Points

• Contingency Fund of India
• Provision for this fund is made in Article 267(1) of the Constitution of India.
• Its corpus is Rs. 500 crores.
• It is in the nature of an imprest (money maintained for a specific purpose).
• The Secretary of, Finance Ministry holds this fund on behalf of the President of India.
• This fund is used to meet unexpected or unforeseen expenditures.
• Each state can have its own contingency fund established under Article 267(2)

Important Points

• As per Budget 2021: Contingency Fund Gets ₹30,000 Cr

Additional Information

• There are three types of funds of the Central Government
• Consolidated Fund of India (Article 266(1))
• Contingency Fund of India (Article 267)
• Public Accounts of India (Article 266)
• Consolidated Fund of India
• This is the most important of all accounts of the government.
• This fund is filled by: Direct and indirect taxes Loans taken by the Indian government Returning of loans/interests of loans to the government by anyone/agency that has taken it The government meets all its expenditure from this fund.
• The provision for this fund is given in Article 266(1) of the Constitution of India.
• Public Accounts of India
• This is constituted under Article 266(2) of the Constitution.
• All other public money (other than those covered under the Consolidated Fund of India) received by or on behalf of the Indian Government is credited to this account/fund.

The correct answer is Arundhati Roy.

Key Points

• My Seditious Heart was written by Indian author Arundhati Roy.
• She won the Man Booker Prize for her novel The God of Small Things in 1997.
• Other famous books were written by her:
• The Ministry of Utmost happiness
• AZADI: Freedom. Fascism. Fiction
• The end of imagination
• War Talk
• The greater common good
• Public Power in the age of empire etc.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Jyotirao Phule.

Key Points

• SatyaShodhak Samaj was founded by Jyotiba Phule in 1873 in Maharashtra.
• The Satyashodhak Samaj aimed to spread education among the lower caste people to make them aware of their rights.
• Satyashodhak Samaj rejected all kinds of Brahman domination on the basis of religion and all religious sources of inequality. Membership of Satyashodhak Samaj was open to all castes, sects, and religions.
• Anyone who accepted its ideology and acted accordingly by taking oath could be a member of Satyashodhak Samaj.
• Swami Dayanand put emphasis on the Veda. He gave the slogan— “Go back to the Vedas”.
• Arya Samaj was also founded by Maharishi Dayanand Saraswati on 10 April 1875. Arya Samaj was the first Hindu organization to introduce proselytization in Hinduism.

Additional Information

• Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar founded the Independent Labor Party in 1936 and his party contested the 1937 elections to the Central Legislative Assembly.
• In 1947 Dr. Ambedkar was appointed as the chairman of the constitution drafting committee.​

The correct answer is Narender Modi.

• Narendra Modi was conferred with the highest award to honour foreign nationals by the Maldives Rule of Nishan Izzuddeen in 2019.

Key Points

• Prime Minister Narendra Modi will be conferred with the Maldives' highest honour "Rule of Nishan Izzuddeen" during his visit to the country.
• Modi will reach the Indian Ocean archipelago in his first bilateral visit after retaining power in the Lok Sabha polls.
• "The Most Honourable Order of the Distinguished Rule of Nishan Izzuddeen" is the Maldives' highest honour accorded to foreign dignitaries, Foreign Minister Shahid said on Twitter.
• Modi said India considers the country as a valued partner with whom it shares deep bonds of history and culture.
• The prime minister visited the Maldives in November to attend President Ibrahim Solih's swearing-in ceremony.
• The relations between India and the Maldives deteriorated after the then President Abdulla Yameen imposed an emergency on February 5 last year.
• However, ties were back on track under Solih's presidency.

Additional Information

The correct answer is In the snow-covered regions of the Himalayas, the soil experiences sedimentation and is alkaline with low humus content.

• In the snow-covered regions of the Himalayas, the soil experiences sedimentation and is alkaline with low humus content, so this option is incorrect regarding forest soil.

​ 

• The soils that are found in the mountains and belong to almost all the soil types known on the planet.
• The texture of the soil mainly depends on the climatic conditions in the region.
• The soils are formed by the mechanical weathering caused by snow, rain, temperature variation.

 

• The features of the mountain soil are listed below
• ​The soils are heterogeneous in nature.
• The property of soil varies with mountainous climate and altitude.
• The soils comprise a high amount of humus but are deficient in potash, phosphorus, and lime.
• The soils are adequate and suitable for the plantation of tea, coffee, spices, and tropical fruits.
• The soil is loamy and silty in valley sides and coarse-grained in the upper slopes.
• The soil is acidic with low humus content in the snow-covered areas.
• It is fertile in the lower parts of the valleys.

The correct answer is Ant sting.

Key Points 

• The acid present in an ant sting is Formic acid.
• Formic acid (systematically called methanoic acid) is the simplest carboxylic acid.
• Molecular formula: HCOOH
• It is quite fatal for those ants as after stinging, their stinger is lost after which formic acid is forcibly released from their poison gland.

Important Points

• Oxalic acid is an organic compound found in many plants. These include leafy greens, vegetables, fruits, cocoa, nuts, and seeds
• Lactic acid is a natural organic acid, found in milk and other food products such as meat and beer.
• It is used in the food industry as a preservative, flavor enhancer, and acid adjustment.
• Citric acid is found naturally in citrus fruits, like lemons and limes.
• It gives them their tart, sour taste.

The correct answer is Tory Government.

• In the Madras Session (1927) of the Congress, the slogan of the Simon Commission's boycott was used.

Key Points

• The Indian Statutory Commission is commonly referred to as the Simon Commission.
• It was a group of seven British Members of Parliament under the chairmanship of Sir John Allsebrook Simon.
• The Indian National Congress, at its December 1927 meeting in Madras (now Chennai).
• To resolved to boycott the Commission and challenged Lord Birkenhead, the Secretary of State for India.
• To draft a constitution that would be acceptable to the Indian populace.
• One of its members was Clement Attlee, who subsequently became the British Prime Minister and eventually oversaw the granting of independence to India in 1947.
• The report of the Simon Commission was published on 27 May 1930.
• It recommended to end Provincial diarchy and to adopt provincial autonomy.
• Burma should be given dominion status, Dyarchy at the centre should be adopted, Bicameral legislative system.

Additional Information

The correct answer is South Africa. 

• Indian Constitution borrowed the provision for ‘Procedure for amendment of the Constitution from the South Africa Consitution.

 

• Government of India Act of 1935
• Federal Scheme
• Office of governor
• Judiciary
• Public Service Commissions
• Emergency provisions
• Administrative details
• Britain
• Parliamentary government
• Rule of Law
• Legislative procedure
• Single citizenship
• Cabinet system
• Prerogative writs
• Parliamentary privileges
• Bicameralism
• Ireland
• Directive Principles of State Policy
• The nomination of members to the Rajya Sabha
• Method of election of the president
• Unites the States of America
• Impeachment of the president
• Functions of president and vice-president
• Removal of Supreme Court and High court judges
• Fundamental Rights
• Judicial review
• Independence of judiciary
• The preamble of the constitution
• Canada
• Federation with a strong Centre
• Vesting of residuary powers in the Centre
• Appointment of state governors by the Centre
• Advisory jurisdiction of the Supreme Court
• Australia
• Concurrent List
• Freedom of trade
• Commerce and intercourse
• The joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament
• Soviet Constitution (USSR, now Russia)
• Fundamental duties
• The ideal of justice (social, economic and political) in the Preamble
• France
• The ideals of the Republic in the Preamble
• The ideals of liberty in the Preamble
• The ideals of equality in the Preamble
• The ideals of fraternity in the Preamble
• Weimar Constitution of Germany
• Suspension of Fundamental Rights during Emergency
• South African Constitution
• Procedure for amendment of the Constitution
• Election of members of Rajya Sabha
• Japan
• Concept of “procedure established by Law”

The correct answer is AC.

• Electric power can be transmitted over long distances without much loss of energy using AC.

Key Points

• The modern power grid is based on alternate current (AC) because it allows for electricity to be transformed from high voltage to low voltage and back again.
• What's good for long-distance power transmission is high voltages.
• The higher the voltage, the lower the resistive losses in the cable.
• That's why mains power is transmitted at many hundreds of thousands of volts and is only stepped down to the 110V or 230V that you're used to when it is near your building.
• Straight wires in the air have very little inductance and capacitive losses.
• Over the distances that mains power is transmitted, there are some losses when using AC, but the losses are small.
• A DC system would have better transmission efficiencies as it has lower losses but would be more expensive and less efficient at the step-up/step-down stages.

​

Additional Information

• Advantages of AC Transmission:
• Power can be generated at high voltages as there is no commutation problem.
• Ac voltages can be conveniently stepped up or stepped down.
• High voltage transmission of ac power reduces losses.
• Disadvantages of AC transmission:
• ​Problems of inductances and capacitances exist in transmission lines
• Due to skin effects, more copper has been required
• Construction of AC transmission lines is more complicated as well as costly
• The effective resistance of ac transmission lines is increased due to the skin effect
• Due to commutation problem, electric power can’t be produced at High (DC) Voltage.
• There is a limitation of DC switches and circuit breakers (and they are costly too).

The correct answer is I, II, and III.

Key Points

• The President is elected not directly by the people but by members of an electoral college consisting of:
• The elected members of both the Houses of Parliament.
• The elected members of the legislative assemblies of the states.
• The elected members of the legislative assemblies of the Union Territories of Delhi and Puducherry.
• Thus, the nominated members of both Houses of Parliament, the nominated members of the state legislative assemblies, the members (both elected and nominated) of the state legislative councils (in case of the bicameral legislature) and the nominated members of the Legislative Assemblies of Delhi and Puducherry do not participate in the election of the President.
• Where an assembly is dissolved, the members cease to be qualified to vote in the presidential election, even if fresh elections to the dissolved assembly are not held before the presidential election.
• The Constitution provides that there shall be uniformity in the scale of representation of different states as well as parity between the states as a whole and the Union at the election of the President.

The correct answer is Manipur.

Key Points

• Lai Haraoba festival is widely celebrated in Manipur.
• It is an important festival of the Meitai tribe.
• Traditional folk dances of Manipur: Rakhal, Nat Rash, Maha Rash, Raukhat
• Lai Haraoba festival is celebrated in honour of Umang-Lais, the deity of forest and environment.
• In the Meitei society following types of Lai Haraoba are prevalent:

1. Kanglei Haraoba
2. Chakpa Haraoba
3. Moirang Haraoba
4. Kakching Haraoba

The correct answer is Brahman Bhuswami (Landowners).

• The inscriptions of the Pallavas mention the Sabha, which was a meeting of Brahman Bhuswami (Landowners).

Key Points​

• The rule of the Pallavas witnessed a lot of cultural achievements in southern India.
• The founder of the Pallava dynasty is Simha Vishnu.
• The Pallava kings were great patrons of art and architecture and this society was based on Aryan culture.
• Brahmins were greatly patronized by the kings, and they received land and villages, this was called Brahmadeya.
• The Brahmin status was greatly enhanced during this reign.
• The caste system became rigid.
• The Pallava kings were orthodox Hindus and worshipped Shiva and Vishnu.
• There were three types of places during this time:
• Ur: where the peasants lived and were headed by a headman who collected and paid the taxes.
• Sabha: land granted to Brahmins and was also called Agrahara villages. These were tax-free.
• Nagaram: where merchants and traders resided.

​

Additional Information 

• Some of the best examples of Pallava art and architecture are the Kailasanathar Temple at Kanchipuram, the Shore Temple, and the Pancha Rathasof Mahabalipuram.
• Akshara was the greatest sculptor of their time.
• Pallava architecture can be sub-divided into two phases
• The rock-cut phase
• The structural phase.

Given:

The total number of bulbs manufactured in 6 years = 100000

Calculation:

The number of bulbs manufactured in year Y3 = 100000 × 30/100 = 30000

The number of bulbs manufactured in year Y5 = 100000 × 14/100 = 14000

Required difference = 14000 - 30000 = 16,000

∴ The difference in the number of bulbs manufactured in year Y3 and Y5 is 16,000.

Given:

K = 72

Calculation:

30% of A = 50% of K

⇒ A × 30/100 = 50/100 × K

⇒ A × 3/10 = K/2

⇒ A × 3/10 = 72/2

⇒ A = 120

Now, 

15% of A = 15/100 × 120 = 18

∴ The value of 15% of A is 18.

Given:

Sum of Rs 84000 is divided among P , Q and R in the ratio of 2 : 5 : 7 respectively

Each of them has received Rs 100 less

Calculation:

Let the divided among P , Q and R be 2x, 5x, and 7x respectively 

2x + 5x + 7x = 84000

⇒ 14x = 84000

⇒ x = 6000

According to the question,

If each of them has received Rs 100 less,

The amount received by Q = 5x - 100 = 5 × 6000 - 100 = 29,900

The amount received by R = 7x - 100 = 7 × 6000 - 100 = 41,900

Required ratio = 29,900 : 41900 = 299 : 419.

Given:

Sides of a triangle are in the ratio 5 ∶ 5 ∶ 8

Area of the triangle is 6912 cm2

Formula used:

Area of Isosceles triangle = b/4[√(4a² - b²)]

Perimeter of Isosceles triangle = 2a + b,

a = equal side, b = other side

Calculation:

Let the sides of a triangle be 5x, 5x, and 8x.

Area of Isosceles triangle = b/4[√(4a² - b²)]

⇒ 6912 = 8x/4√(100x² - 64x²)

⇒ 6912 = 2x × 6x

⇒ 12x² = 6912

⇒ x = 24 cm

Perimeter of Isosceles triangle = 5x + 5x + 8x = 18x = 18 × 24 = 432cm.

∴ The perimeter of the triangle is 432 cm.

Given Data:

 

As we can se number of employees resigning from office O6 = 22

number of employees resigning from office O2 = 12

Thus number of employees resigning from office O6 is what percentage from office O2 = (22/12) × 100

⇒ 1.8333 × 100

⇒ 183.33 percent

Given data:

 

number of books sold in month M4 = 2400

Sum of all the books sold per month = (M1 + M2 + M3 + M4 + M5 + M6)

⇒ (1200 + 1600 + 2000 + 2400 + 2700 + 3000)

⇒ 12900

Thus average of books sold per month = 12900/6 = 2150

Thus difference in the number of books sold in month M4 and the average number of books sold per month = 2400 - 2150 = 250

Given:

Two trains are moving in the same direction at the speed of 30 km/hr and 110 km/hr 

Formula used:

Speed = Distance/Time

Time = Distance/Speed

Concept used:

When they are moving in the same direction, the relative speed between the two bodies is the difference of their speeds,

(u – v) if u > v

(v – u) if v > u.

I hour = 60 minutes

To convert a speed from m/s to km/h, we multiply it by 18/5

Calculation:

Relative speed = 110 - 30 = 80 km/hr

⇒ 80 × 5/18 = 22.22 m/sec

Distance = 450 + 350 = 800

Time = 800/22.22 = 36.003 = 36 approx.

 Required time is 36 seconds.

Given:

X can fill the tank in 105 minutes

Y can fill the tank in 140 minutes

Z can empty at the rate of 4 gallons per minute

Formula used:

Time = Total work/Efficiency

Calculation:

Let the capacity of the tank be x

Part of the tank filled by X in 1 minute = \(1\over 105\)

Part of the tank filled by Y in 1 minute = \(1\over 140\)

Part of the tank empty by Z in 1-minute = \(4\over x\)      ----(empty by Z in 1 minute/Total capacity)

Now, A/Q

\({1\over 105} + {1\over 140} - {4\over x} = {1\over 84}\)

⇒ \({1\over 105} + {1\over 140} - {1\over 84}= {4\over x}\)

⇒ \({4 + 3 - 5\over 420} = {4\over x}\)

⇒ \({2\over 420} = {4\over x}\)

⇒ x = 840 gallon

∴ The capacity of the tank is 840 gallon

Let;

Speed of Car = x km/h

Speed of train = x + 10% of X

= 11x/10 km/h

Distance = 140 km

According to question;

Difference of time of Car and Train = 10 min

Distance/Speed of Car - Distance/Speed of Train = 10

⇒ 140/x - 140/(11x/10) = 10/60

⇒ 140/x - 1400/11x = 10/60

⇒ 1540 - 1400 = 110x/60

⇒ 110x/60 = 140

⇒ x = 840/11

So, speed of Car = 840/11 km/h

Speed of train = 11x/10 = 84 km/h

Hence, option (3) is the correct answer.

Calculation:

A = \(1 + \frac{1}{{1 + \frac{1}{{1 + \frac{1}{9}}}}}\)

⇒ \(1 + \frac{1}{{1 + \frac{9}{10}}}\)

⇒ A = 1 + 10/19 = 29/19

B = \( \frac{1}{{3 + \frac{2}{{2 + \frac{1}{2}}}}}\)

B = \(\frac{1}{{3 + \frac{4}{5}}}\)

⇒ 5/19

Now, 19 (A + B) = 19(29/19 + 5/19) = 34.

Given:

Salary of Suresh for 1 year = Rs 1800 + One mobile phone

Suresh got salary in 8 months = Rs 1100 + One mobile phone

Profit earn by Suresh is 65%

Formula used:

S.P = C.P × (100 + P%)/100

Where,

C.P = cost price

S.P = selling price

P% = profit percent

Calculation:

Let the price of the mobile phone be Rs x

12 month salary of Suresh = Rs 1800 + x

1 month salary of Suresh = (Rs 1800 + x)/12

8 months salary of suresh = 8(Rs 1800 + x)/12

Now, A/Q

8 months salary of suresh = 8(Rs 1800 + x)/12

⇒ 1100 + x = 8(Rs 1800 + x)/12

⇒ 1100 + x = 2(Rs 1800 + x)/3

⇒ 3(1100 + x) = 2(Rs 1800 + x)

⇒ 3300 + 3x = 3600 + 2x 

⇒ x = 300

The cost price of the mobile phone = Rs 300

S.P = C.P × (100 + P%)/100

⇒ 300 × (100 + 65)/100

⇒ 300 × 1.65 

⇒ 495

∴ The selling price of the mobile phone for Suresh is Rs 495

Assume:

Principal = P

Rate = R%

Given:

Time = 4 years

Formula used:

Amount = P(1 + R/100)T

Where, P = Principal, T = Time, and R = rate of interest

Calculation:

Amount = P(1 + R/100)T

In 4 years:

3P = P(1 + R/100)⁴ 

3 = (1 + R/100)4 

Now;

Amount will be 9 times:

Amount = P(1 + R/100)T

9P = P(1 + R/100)^T

9 = (1 + R/100)T

3² = (1 + R/100)T

[(1 + R/100)4]² = (1 + R/100)^T

(1 + R/100)⁸ = (1 + R/100)T

T = 8 years

Hence, option (2) is the correct answer.

Formula used:

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2ab

Calculation:

30 + 10√5 = √[(5)² + (√5)² + 2 × 5 × √5]

⇒ √[5 + √5]²

⇒ 5 + √5

∴ The value of positive square root of 30 + 10√5 is 5 + √5.

Given:

Radius of a circle = 21 cm

PQ = 36 cm

SR = 20 cm

Formula used:

Perimeter of a parallelogram = 2(a + b)

Where, b = base, a = side

Circumference of circle = 2πr

Where, r = radius

Calculation:

According to the question,

Circumference of this circle = Perimeter of a parallelogram PQRS

⇒ 2πr = 2(a + b)

⇒ 2 × 22/7 × 21 = 2(36 + b)

⇒ 132 = 2(36 + b)

⇒ b = 30cm

According to the diagram,

36 × 20 = 30 × h

⇒ h = 24 cm

∴ The distance between PS and QR is 24 cm.

Formula used:

\({\rm{H}}.{\rm{C}}.{\rm{F}}.{\rm{;of;fractions}} = \frac{{H.C.F.;of;numerator}}{{L.C.M.;of;denominator}}\)

Calculation:

\(\Rightarrow {\rm{H}}.{\rm{C}}.{\rm{F}}.{\rm{of;}}\frac{3}{{4}},\frac{{5}}{{6}};and;\frac{{6}}{7} = \frac{1}{{84}}\)

∴ The Highest Common Factor of 3/4,5/6 and 6/7 is 1/84.

Calculation:

Let the original price of the onion be Rs. x

The new price of onion = x - x × 40/100 = 3x/5

According to the question:

(480 × 5)/3x - 480/x = 8

⇒ 3x × 8 = 960

⇒ x = Rs.40

New price = 3x/5 = 3/5 × 40 = Rs. 24

∴ The new and initial price of the onion is Rs. 24 and Rs.40.

Calculation:

According to the question;

3/8 = 0.375

5/7 = 0.714

19/25 = 0.76

16/21 = 0.761

Clearly, 16/21 is largest number.

Given:

A mixture contains acid and water in the ratio of 7 : 5

Calculation:

Let the quantity of acid in the mixture be 7x litres

And the quantity of water in the mixture be 5x litres

According to the question,

7x/(5x + 14) = 4/3

⇒ 21x = 20x + 56

⇒ x = 56 litres

The quantity of acid in the mixture = 7x = 7 × 56 = 392 litres.

Shortcut TrickFormula used:-

If in a container, Acid and Water are present in ratio a : b, and x litres water is added to mixture, the ratio become a : c, Then,

Quantity of acid in original mixture = \(\large{\frac{ax}{c - b}}\)L

Calculation:-

a : b = 7 : 5  ....(i)

a : c = 4 : 3   ....(ii)

multyplying eqⁿ (i) by 4 and eqⁿ (ii) by 7

a : b = 28 : 20

a : c = 28 : 21

water added (x) = 14 litres

∴ Quantity of acid in original mixture = (28 × 14)/(21 - 20)

Quantity of acid in original mixture = 392 litres

∴ Required quantity of acid is 392 litres

Given:

Marked price and selling price of an chair is Rs 1130 and Rs 508.5 respectively

Formula used:

Discount = Marked price - Selling price

Calculation:

Discount = Rs. 1130 - Rs. 508.5 = Rs. 621.5

Required ratio = 621.5 : 508.3 = 1243 : 1017.

Calculation:

\({3^{11}} + {3^{12}} + {3^{13}} + {3^{14}}\)

⇒ 3¹¹ + 3¹¹ × 3¹ + 3¹¹ × 3² × 3¹¹ × 3³

⇒ 3¹¹(1 + 3¹ + 3² + 3³)

⇒ 40 × 3¹¹

Clearly,  40 × 311 is not divisible by 7.

Hint

The last digit of the given number should be multiplied by 2 and then subtracted with the rest of the number leaving the last digit. If the difference is 0 or a multiple of 7, then it is divisible

by 7. 

So,

40 × 311 

Multiply the last digit by 2,

 

0 × 2 = 0 

 

Subtract the product (0) from the rest of the number(4 × 3¹¹).

⇒ 4 × 311 - 0 = 4 × 311

 

Is  4 × 3¹¹ a multiple of 7? No, hence, 40 × 311 is NOT divisible by 7.

दिए गये वाक्य में ( , , I) यह विराम चिन्ह उचित हैI

Key Points

विराम चिन्ह – भाषा के लिखित रूप में विशेष स्थानों पर रुकने का संकेत करने वाले चिन्हों को विराम चिन्ह कहते हैं।

दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर ‘अपूर्ण भूतकाल’ है। गौरी की खीर खाने की क्रिया पूर्ण नही हुई है। इसलिये अपूर्ण भूतकाल है।

स्पष्टीकरण:

जिस क्रिया से यह ज्ञात हो कि भूतकाल में कार्य सम्पन्न नहीं हुआ था, अभी चल रहा था, उसे अपूर्ण भूतकाल कहते हैं।

मोहन सो रहा था।

Key Points

इस वाक्य में उपयुक्त शब्द 'ओर' होगाI

ओर यानी तरफI

Key Points

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:

• अथवा - या, व।
• और - दो शब्दों या वाक्यों को जोड़नेवाला शब्द, तथा। जैसे: मुझे कुछ रुपये और चाहिए।
• किन्तु - परन्तु, लेकिन।

दिए गए विकल���पों में सही उत्तर  इन्हें ‘अन्य पुरुष’ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित उत्तर हैं।

Key Points

सर्वनाम - संज्ञा के स्थान पर प्रयुक्त होने वाले शब्दों को सर्वनाम कहते हैं। इसके छ: भेद हैं।

1. पुरूषवाचक सर्वनाम
2. निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम
3. निजवाचक सर्वनाम
4. प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम
5. अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम
6. सम्बन्धवाचक सर्वनाम

दिए गये विकल्पों में (,) अल्पविराम का चिन्ह हैI

• वाक्य में जहाँ थोड़ा रुकना हो या अधिक वस्तुओं, व्यक्तियों आदि को अलग करना हो वहाँ अल्प विराम (,) चिन्ह का प्रयोग किया जाता है।
• राकेश, मोहन, शीतल और पंकज ने यह चित्र बनाया है।

Key Points

विराम चिन्ह – भाषा के लिखित रूप में विशेष स्थानों पर रुकने का संकेत करने वाले चिन्हों को विराम चिन्ह कहते हैं।

दिए गए विकल्पों में उद्यमी का विलोम शब्द 'आलसी' है।

• उद्यमी का अर्थ है परिश्रमी।
• आलसी का अर्थ परिश्रमहीन।

Additional Information

अन्य विकल्प : 

आप नेताजी से मिलने के लिए  द्वार पर प्रतीक्षा करें  - यह वाक्य सरल वाक्य का उदाहरण है।

Key Points

1. यदि नेताजी से मिलना चाहते हैं तो द्वार पर प्रतीक्षा करें - यह वाक्य मिश्रित वाक्य का उदाहरण है।
2. नेताजी से मिलना चाहते हैं किंतु वह द्वार पर प्रतिक्षा करें - यह वाक्य संयुक्त वाक्य का उदाहरण है।
3. आप नेता जी से मिलने चाहते है इसलिए द्वार पर प्रतिक्षा करें - यह वाक्य संयुक्त वाक्य का उदाहरण है।

Additional Information

• एक से अधिक प्रधान उपवाक्य हों - मिश्र वाक्य
• एक साधारण और दूसरा आश्रित उपवाक्य हो - मिश्र वाक्य
• आश्रित उपवाक्य समुच्चयबाधक अव्यय से जुड़े हों - मिश्र वाक्य

 

दिए गये वाक्य में सही मुहावरा 'फूट - फूट कर रोने' लगी होगा। 

Key Points

Additional Information

अन्य विकल्प

Additional Information

दिए गये शब्दों में से 'गुनाह' शब्द पुल्लिंग है। 

संतान, कडवाहट और कावेरी शब्द स्त्रीलिंग के उदाहरण है।

Key Points

हिन्दी भाषा में लिंग के दो भेद माने जाते हैं – पुल्लिंग तथा स्त्रीलिंग।

उपरोक्त विकल्पों में 'विष' का पर्यायवाची शब्द 'गरल' है। अत: विकल्प गरल इसका सही उत्तर है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत हैं। 

विष के अन्य पर्यायवाची : ज़हर, हलाहल, गरल, कालकूट।

Key Points

 

Additional Information

दिये गए विकल्पों में शुद्ध वर्तनी 'कवयित्री' है। अन्य विकल्प सही नही है।

Key Points

स्पष्टीकरण:

• 'कवयित्री' शब्द वर्तनीगत सही है। इसका मतलब- महिला जो कवि हो उसे 'कवयित्री' कहा जाता है।
• यह एक स्त्रीलिंग, जातिवाचक संज्ञा शब्द है।
• इसका विलोम शब्द 'कवि' होता है और बहुवचन 'कवयित्रियाँ' होता है।

Additional Information

दिए गए विकल्पों में ‘उत्+नति’ शब्द का संधि उन्नति है, तथा व्यंजन संधि है। अन्य विकल्प गलत है।

Key Points

• उन्नति शब्द में व्यंजन संधि है।
• उन्नति = उत्+नति।

स्पष्टीकरण

 यदि क्, च्,ट्, त्, प् के बाद न् या म् के मेल से यदि क्, च्, ट्, त्, प् अपने वर्ग के पंचम वर्ण में रूपान्तरित हो जाता है। जैसे – जगन्नाथ = जगत्+नाथ।

​

Additional Information

व्यंजन से स्वर अथवा व्यंजन के मेल से उत्पन्न संधि को व्यंजन संधि कहते हैं ।

फूलना - फलना मुहावरे का अर्थ 'धनवान होना' या सफल होना।

Key Points

 

अन्य विकल्प

 

दिए गए विकल्पों में परिमाणवाचक विशेषण सही उत्तर है। 

Key Points

• ‘राम ने राजू से दो लीटर दूध लाने को कहा।’ वाक्य में ‘दो लीटर ’ शब्द परिमाणवाचक विशेषण को दर्शा रहा है।

 

Additional Information

Important Points

'भरपेट' शब्द में 'भर' उपसर्ग प्रयुक्त हुआ है। 'भर' उपसर्ग का प्रयोग 'पूरा या ठीक' के अर्थ में किया जाता है।

'भर' उपसर्ग से बने अन्य शब्द भरपेट, भरपूर, भरदिन' आदि हैं। 

अन्य विकल्प सही नही है।

Key Points

सत्य मार्ग का अन्य नाम 'धर्म का मार्ग' है।

गद्यांश में आया हुआ उल्लेख:

महाभारत के युद्ध में पांडवों की जीत इसलिए हुई थी क्योंकि वे सत्य का मार्ग अपना रहे थे। सत्य के मार्ग को 'धर्म का मार्ग' कहा जाता है। 

Key Points

अन्य विकल्प :

1. अन्याय का मार्ग - न्याय विरुद्ध आचरण करने का मार्ग।
2. आलोचना का मार्ग - टीका का कार्य करना।
3. प्रशंसा का मार्ग - किसी की स्तुति करना।

जीवन में 'सत्य' जैसे मूल्य का मार्ग होना अत्यावश्यक है। 

गद्यांश में आया हुआ उल्लेख:

जीवन में सत्य का बहुत महत्व हैं। शास्त्रों में कहा गया है कि सत्य का मार्ग होता है।

Key Points

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:

1. विरोधी - विरोध करने वाला।
2. असत्य - झूठ, मिथ्या।
3. झूठ - मिथ्या, असत्य।

इस गद्यांश में सत्य के बारे में विस्तृत रूप से समझाया गया है। अतः उचित शीर्षक 'सत्य का मार्ग' होगा।

गद्यांश में आया हुआ उल्लेख:

जीवन में सत्य का बहुत महत्व हैं। शास्त्रों में कहा गया है कि सत्य का मार्ग होता है। 

Key Points

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण: 

1. असफलता का मार्ग - सफल न होने का मार्ग।
2. अन्याय का मार्ग - न्याय के विरुद्ध किया जाने वाला मार्ग।
3. कठिनाई का मार्ग - मुश्किलों भरा रास्ता।

राजा हरिश्चंद्र को आज भी 'सत्यवादी' के रूप में संबोधित करते है। 

राजा हरिश्चंद्र अयोध्या के प्रसिद्ध सूर्यवंशी (इक्ष्वाकुवंशी, अर्कवंशी, रघुवंशी) राजा थे जो सत्यव्रत के पुत्र थे।

ये अपनी सत्यनिष्ठा के लिए अद्वितीय हैं और इसके लिए इन्हें अनेक कष्ट सहने पड़े।

Key Points

अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण:

• कालिदास - संस्कृत भाषा के महान कवि और नाटककार थे।
• जयशंकर प्रसाद - हिन्दी भाषा के प्रमुख कवि नाटककार और लेखक थे।
• पांडव - पांडु राजा के पुत्र।

सत्य का आचरण करने वाला व्यक्ति सामाजिक जीवन में 'प्रतिष्ठा एवं सम्मान' प्राप्त करता है।

गद्यांश में आया हुआ उल्लेख:

सत्य का आचरण करने वाला व्यक्ति  ही सामाजिक जीवन में प्रतिष्ठा एवं सम्मान प्राप्त  करता हैं। सत्य के आचरण के आधार पर  ही हम एक - दूसरे पर विश्वास करते हैं। 

Key Points

अन्य विकल्प :

1. आलोचना - गुण दोष निरूपण या विवेचन करना।
2. असत्य - झूठ एवं मिथ्या।
3. अनादर - तिरस्कार।
4. अन्याय - न्याय रहित कार्य।
5. विश्वास - निश्चित धारणा, यकीन।
6. अपराध - नियम विरूद्ध कार्य करने को अपराध कहा जाता है।

The correct answer is 'Kerosene and wood are the main fuels used in India.'

Key Points

Lets's look at the following points-

• The mentioned line in the paragraph -Millions of house-holds in India still have to depend on firewood and kerosene to light up their homes even as scores of Indians die every year for want of basic health amenities.
• concludes that Kerosene and wood are the main fuels that are used in India to light up the millions of Indian households, these entities are being used as a basic amenity as well.
• Thus, the correct answer is option 4^th.

The correct answer is 'Beginning'.

Key Points

Let's look at the following points-

• Onset meaning the beginning of something, especially something unpleasant.
• For e.g.- We have to get the roof fixed before the onset of winter.
• Beginning-  the point at which something begins.
• For e.g.- The first part We missed the beginning of the movie.
• Thus the above-mentioned definition of both words it is clear that both words Onset and Beginning are synonyms to each other.

Additional Information

• Importing- bring (goods or services) into a country from abroad for sale.
• Amenities- a desirable or useful feature or facility of a building or place
• Priority- the fact or condition of being regarded or treated as more important than others.

The correct answer is '​Measures should be taken to cut down emissions but not at the cost of development'.

Key Points

Let's look at the following points-

• The mentioned line of the paragraph- The priority for such a nation is meeting basic needs, providing food, health, and education rather than spending large portions of its GDP on importing technologies to cut emissions, scientists argue.
• It concludes that the priority of a nation (India) should be the fulfilling of basic needs proviidng food, health, and education rather than spending on GDP on importing technology to cut emissions.
• Thus the correct answer is option 4^th.

The correct answer is 'Fading'.

Key Points

Let's look at the following points-

• Emerging- Just beginning to exist or be noticed.
• For e.g.- US government and businesses must become partners in breaking into these emerging markets.
• ​Fading- gradually grow faint and disappear.
• For e.g.- In the fading light she could just make out the shape of a tractor
• Thus according to the above-mentioned definition, it is clear that both words 'Emerging and Fading' are antonyms of each other.

Additional Information

• Arrive- to come to a certain place during or after a journey
• Develop- grow or cause to grow and become more mature, advanced, or elaborate.
• Appear- come into sight; become visible or noticeable, especially without apparent cause.

The correct answer is 'The talks are sometimes directed towards political and economic gains rather than climate change.'

Key Points

• The mentioned line in the passage-  It is today a debate among nations on geo-politics and the shift in economic balance from the developed countries to the emerging economies.
• Here 'it' is mentioned  for Climate change which is in debate among nations on geo-politics
• Thus from the given line, it is clear that option 1^st is the answer.

The correct answer is 'SQRP'.

Key Points

• Part 'S' should start the sentence as it contains 'there' followed by a verb 'are', which are used to introduce the subject of a sentence.
• Part 'Q' follows part 'S' as the verb 'are' is plural and should be followed by a plural subject which is 'many clues'.
• Part 'R' follows part 'Q' as it works as an adjective clause for noun 'clues'. The context is that these clues are point at something.
• Part 'P' completes the sentence as it concludes the meaning by telling what the clues are pointing at, i.e. the real culprit.
• Hence, the correct order will be 'SQRP'.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 3).

The correct answer is 'Chauffeur'.

Key Points

• Let's discuss the given options:
• Horde: a large group of people
• Ex: Hordes of students on bikes made crossing the road difficult.
• Chauffeur: someone whose job is to drive a car for a rich or important person
• Ex: The chauffeur drove them straight to the theatre.
• Shoal: a large number of fish swimming as a group
• • Ex: We could see shoals of tiny fish darting around.
• Posse: a group of people who have come together for the same purpose 
• Ex: In a lot of old westerns, the sheriff gathers a posse to chase the bad guy.
• ​​From the above points it's clear that:
• A person hired for driving a car is called a Chauffeur.

​​Therefore, the correct answer is option 2).

The correct answer is 'found'.

Key Points

• Let's discuss the given options:
• Option 1) is CORRECT. If we improve the bracketed part with 'found' the sentence is in Simple Past Tense, which is used to describe actions finished in past. 
• Structure: Sub + V2 + Object.
• Ex: They killed the dog.
• Here 'found' is the past form (V2) of verb 'find'.
• Option 2) is INCORRECT. 'finding' (V1 + ing) is used only in continuous tense with a helping verb.
• Ex: I am going to school.
• Option 3) is INCORRECT. 'find' is base form of verb (V1), but the subject (lady) is singular and we can't use base form with a singular subject. (Exception is First person singular 'I').
• Ex: Rama learn/learns the lesson.
• It's clear that if it had been 'finds', 'no improvement' would have been the answer.
• ​Option 4) is INCORRECT. 'is find' (is + V1) is no structure in English grammar.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: The lady found a broken wooden chair.

The correct answer is 'with'.

Key Points

• This is a case of fixed prepositional phrase. 
• Lose patience with (one): To become or start becoming annoyed, exasperated, or angered by someone, especially to the point of snapping at them verbally.
• Ex: I'm sorry for losing patience with you earlier—I didn't get much sleep last night.
• Ex: I know he's being infuriating, but try not to lose patience with him.
• ​​Hence, the correct word to fill in the blank is 'with'.

​Therefore the complete sentence is: She lost patience with her friend.

Additional Information

• Prepositions are the words that precede a noun, a noun phrase, or a pronoun connecting it to another word.
• ​Ex: The thief killed the snake with a knife.
• Let's discuss prepositions given in the options:
• At is used to show exact location; taking part in something; stating exact time when something happens.
• ​Ex: I will reach at 4 'O' clock.
• To is used to express motion in the direction of (a particular location)..
• ​Ex: He is walking down to the shops.
• ​From is used to indicate the point in space/the point in time at which a journey, motion, or action starts.
• ​Ex: She began to walk away from him.

Ex: The show will run from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m.