DSSSB PRT Official Paper 13 Oct 2018 (Previous Year Paper)

The pattern followed is,

Similarly,

Hence, “QPTS” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

For 9 : 8,

3² : 2³

Similarly,

16 : ?

4² : 3³

16 : 27

Hence, “27” is the correct answer.

Lake, River and Current are related to water and belong to a group.

Whereas,

Wind is not related to water.

Hence, “wind” is least like other words in the group.

The pattern followed is,

Option 1 → 751 → 7 + 5 + 1 = 13

Option 2 → 734 → 7 + 3 + 4 = 14

Option 3 → 981 → 9 + 8 + 1 = 18

Option 4 → 853 → 8 + 5 + 3 = 16

Except 751, all the numbers when added give an even number.

Alternative:

Logic: First digit – last digit = middle digit

Option 1 → 751 → 7 - 1 = 6 ≠ 5

Option 2 → 734 → 7 - 4 = 3

Option 3 → 981 → 9 - 1 = 8

Option 4 → 853 → 8 - 3 = 5

Hence, “751” is different from others.

We can see there is a difference of 5 between every consecutive element. So, it is a arithmetic progression. 

Last term = a + (n – 1) d

Here a = first term, d= difference, n = No. of terms in the series

101 = 1 + (n – 1) 5

101 – 1 = (n – 1) 5

20 = n - 1

n = 20 + 1 = 21[K1] 

So, total 21 elements are there in the series.

Hence, “21” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

Hence, “kl” is the correct answer.

Drawing the family tree,

The person is the brother of Anjali.

Hence, “none of these” is the correct answer.

Drawing the family tree,

M is the grandfather or grandmother of T.

Hence, “grandfather or grandmother” is the correct answer.

According to the given information,

Reena is twice as old as Sunita.

Let the age of Reena be 2x and Sunita be x.

Three years ago, she was three times as old as Sunita.

(2x – 3) = 3 (x – 3)

2x – 3 = 3x – 9

x = 6

Reena’s age is 2x = 2 × 6 = 12

Hence, “12 years” is the correct answer.

According to the given information,

There are 36 cows in a herd, 20 are white and 28 are brown.

Cows with both the colours = 20 + 28 – 36 = 48 – 36 = 12

Hence, “12” is the correct answer.

According to the given figure,

‘P’ will be opposite ‘M.

‘L’ will be opposite ‘O’.

And,

‘N’ will be opposite ‘Q’.

Hence, “N” is the correct answer.

Cytology, Phenology and Entomology are scientific studies related to animal and plant.

Whereas, Palynology is related to atmospheric study.

Hence, “Phenology” s the different one.

Opposite faces → 

Option 04 →

As seen from the above diagram, the sequence of diagrams in the question figure is in the anti-clockwise direction.

The sequence in Option 04 is in the clockwise direction.

∴ The cube in Option 04 cannot be formed.

New percentage increase = x + y + x × y / 100

= 15 + 15 + 15 × 15 / 100

= 30 + 225 / 100

= 30 + 2. 25

= 32. 25%

Hence, “332. 25%” is the correct answer.

The figure which can be formed from the given pieces is,

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

The number of triangles in the given figure is,

Hence, “14” is the correct answer.

According to the given information we can say that,

In the past customers rarely ordered low fat ice creams. But, now due to the health consciousness of the customers, low fat ice creams have become profitable for the owners, which means that now, low fat ice cream is more popular than other kinds of ice cream is best supports the statement.

Hence, option 3 best supports the statement.

The mirror image of the given word is,

Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

Bonus and Dividend are different from each other. But both these are parts of profit.

The correct Venn diagram is,

Hence, the correct answer is "option (2)".

Arranging them according to the given information,

S and Z are in the center.

A and P are at the ends.

R is sitting to the left of A.

Case 1: Facing North

Case 2: Facing South

X is to the right of P.

Hence, “X” is the correct answer.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. President

• The Governor of a state is appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Union Cabinet of the country.
• According to Article 155 in the Constitution, the Governor is appointed by the President.
• The Governor is the head of the executive of the state and he acts as per the advice of the Council of Ministers.
• The tenure of the Governor is 5 years and Article 153 to 162 of the Constitution describes the role of the Governor.
• The Parliament consists of Lok Sabha, Rajya Sabha, and the President.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. ​Gir National Park

• The Asiatic lion is found in the 'Gir  National Park' of Gujarat state in India.

The correct answer is Sindhudurg - Kuduremukh - Ooty - Munnar.

Key Points

• The Western Ghats, also known as Sahyadri (Benevolent Mountains), is a mountain range that covers an area of 140,000 square kilometers (54,000 sq mi) in a stretch of 1,600 kilometers (990 mi) parallel to the western coast of the Indian peninsula, traversing the states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra, and Gujarat.
• A Small town located in the Idukki district of Kerala, Munnar is surely a hidden gem in the Nilgiri Mountains, Western Ghats.
• 1600 m above sea level, Munnar is a place with exotic scenery, tea estates, Flora and Fauna, and a favorite destination for nature lovers and trekkers.
• Ooty officially known as Udagamandalam (also known as Ootacamund abbreviated as Udhagai), is a town and a municipality in the Nilgiris district of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
• It is located 86 km north of Coimbatore and 128 km south of Mysore and is the headquarters of the Nilgiris district.
• It is a popular hill station located in the Nilgiri Hills.
• Local residents call it Queen of Hills.
• Sindhudurg district, Maharashtra Sindhudurg is an administrative district in the state of Maharashtra in India, which was carved out of the erstwhile Ratnagiri District.
• The district headquarters are located at Oros. The district occupies an area of 5207 km²
• Kudremukh Chikmagalur district, Karnataka Kudremukh is a mountain range and name of a peak located in Chikkamagaluru district, in Karnataka, India.
• It is also the name of a small hill station cum mining town situated near the mountain, about 20 kilometers from Kalasa.
• The name Kuduremukha literally means 'horse-faced (Kannada) and refers to a particular picturesque view of a side of the mountain that resembles a horse's face. It was also referred to as 'Samseparvata',

The correct answer is Barabar cave

Key Points

• Barabar caves are located in the Jehanabad district of Bihar state.
• It is the oldest surviving rock-cut cave related to the Maurya and Ashoka empire.
• The Palaeolithic Age is divided into three phases - Upper, Middle, and Lower Palaeolithic ages.
• In this era, the man completely relied on hunting and had no knowledge of cultivation and house building.
• There are some sites of Palaeolithic ages (Upper, Middle, and Lower) found in India, which is following -

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Mohenjodaro

• The 'Great Bath' is one of the famous sites of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization at Mohenjo-Daro in Sindh, Pakistan.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Shehnai

• Bismillah Khan was a famous "Shehnai Player".
• He was awarded India's highest honor "Bharat Ratna" in 2001.
• Amjad Ali Khan is a famous "Sarod Player" who has been awarded the "Padma Bhushan".
• Kishan Maharaj and Zakir Hussain are famous "Tabla Player" of India.
• Pandit Ravi Shankar, Nikhil Banerjee, and Vilayat Khan are famous "Sitar Payers" of India.

The correct answer is Vajji.

Key Points

• Vajji Mahajanapada was related to both Mahavir Swami and Gautama Buddha.
• Mahavir Swami was born in Kundagram near Vaishali in 540 BC.
• Vaishali was the capital of "Vajji Mahajanapada".
• Gautama Buddha was born in Lumbini near Kapilavastu around 563 BC.
• Gautama Buddha's father was the head of Shakyagan and the Shakya republic was one of the 8 republics of Vajji republic.
• Vajji Mahajanapada was one of the 16 Mahajanapadas of ancient India, whose capital was "Vaishali".
• The Vajji was a union of 8 republics. In which the capital of Lichhavi was Vaishali, Mithila of Videha, and Kundagram.
• Magadha was one of the most powerful Mahajanapados whose capital was "Giribraj".

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Equality

Key Points

• In Part-III of the Constitution, between Article 12 to 35, the six fundamental rights have been given to the citizens.
• Article 14 - It provides the right to equality before the law.
• This right of equality applies to all foreigners and Indians.
• Article 15 - Prohibition of discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth
• Which is the following - 
• Right to Equality (Article 14 - 18)
• Right to Freedom (Article 19 - 22)
• Right against Exploitation (Article 23 - 24)
• Right to Freedom of Religion (Article 25 - 28)
• Cultural and Educational Rights (Article 29 - 30)
• Right to constitutional remedies (Article 32)

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. All the above

• The scope of financial inclusion covers various types of "Financial Services including Banking services, Insurance Equity Products, and Pension Products".
• Financial inclusion means providing financial services to backward and low-income people.
• The following schemes are included under financial inclusion -
• Jan Dhan Yojana, Insurance and Pension Scheme, Atal Pension Yojana, Pradhan Mantri Mudra Yojana, Stand Up India, etc.
• The main objective of financial inclusion is to bring the legal benefits derived from the development of the country to the masses.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. 1 - a, 2 - c, 3 - b

• The Indian Constitution is divided into a total of 22 parts and consists of 395 Articles and 12 Schedules.
• The "Directive Principles of State Policy" is borrowed from the constitution of 'Ireland'.
• | Part of Constitution | Subject | Article | | --- | --- | --- | | Part I | Union & Territory | 1 to 4 | | Part II | Citizenship | 5 to 11 | | Part III | Fundamental Rights | 12 to 35 | | Part IV | Directive Principles of State Policy | 36 to 51 | | Part IV A | Basic Duty | 51 A |

Shortcut Trick

Tricks to remember 22 parts of the Indian Constitution:

U Can Fly Directly From US to UP to Meet Child of Shyam & Reeta Fruits Taste Sweet To Eat So Only Eat Maggie As Tasty Snack

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. 24

• "Child rights" have been protected by Article 24.
• Accordingly (Article 24), children under 14 years of age cannot be employed in any factory or mine.
• According to Article 15, the fundamental "right to equality" of opportunity is available.
• According to Article 14, no person can be denied equality before the law or equal protection of the laws.
• Article 23 mentions the prohibition of human "Trafficking and Forced labor".
• Article 25 mentions that any person can accept any religion from his conscience and can promote it.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Brahmi

• Most modern Indian scripts (Except for Persian and Arabic script) have developed from "Brahmi".
• Many scripts in Tibetan, Sinhalese, and Southeast Asia countries are born from Brahmi.
• Some scripts are following -
• | Script | Details | | --- | --- | | Brahmi | - The Brahmi script was first read by James Principe, and it is the oldest script. - Other South Asian, Southeast Asian scripts including Devanagari were developed from this. | | Kharoshthi | - It was written from right to left and is also called "Gandhari Script". - Many inscriptions of Emperor Ashoka are in the Kharoshthi script. - This script was used in North-Western India and Eastern Afghanistan. |

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Vitamin E

• "Vitamin E" is a very important vitamin for healthy skin. It is an effective anti-oxidant.
• Skin cells are strengthened by using vitamin E in food.
• Vitamin B-12 is necessary for the formation of red blood cells in the body. And the lack of it can cause "Anemia".
• Vitamin C helps in the production of collagen in the body and works to repair cells in the body.
• Along with this, it protects the skin from sunlight and helps in removing wrinkles.

The correct answer is To help our body get rid of undigested food.

Explanation:

The correct answer is option 3 i.e To help our body get rid of undigested food

• 'Fiber' is a type of 'Carbohydrate' that keeps our body's digestive system strong.
• This is especially important for 'Obesity and Diabetes' patients who should consume a diet of fibre every day.
• 'Fibre' is mainly found in sufficient quantities in foods including Bran, Wheat Flour, Green leafy vegetables, Seasonal Fruits.
• Fibre is responsible for the "Digestion of the Body".
• We do not get nutrition from it, but it is an essential carbohydrate for the body.

​Protein is very important for the maintenance of cells and the development of the body and muscles.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. a - 2, b - 3, c - 1, d - 4

• The "Ginning" is the process of separating cotton fibers from cotton seeds.
• It is made useable by separating the cotton fibers from the seeds.
• Silkworm make cocoons by spinning silk fibers.
• Silk fibers are separated and processed from cocoons.
• Silk thread is made from 'silk fibers'. This process is called "Reeling".
• The process of extracting the wool fibers from the body of a sheep is called "Shearing".

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. Conversion of water vapour into its liquid form

• Condensation refers to the process of water vapor converts into liquid water.
• This occurs when the 'hot air' meets a 'cold surface'.
• This process is called "Condensation" when water vapor is converted back into the water.
• When the heat in the air decreases due to various reasons, the condensation process occurs.
• Evaporation is the process of converting liquid surface particles into vapor.

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Transpiration

• The plant absorbs water from the soil for its use.
• Only a small quantity of it is used in the plant body.
• The process of extracting unnecessary water from the body in the form of vapor by plants is called "transpiration".
• Viscosity - The fluid opposes the relative motion in its various layers, it is called "viscosity".
• Viscosity properties are found in both liquids and gases, but more viscosity is found in liquid than gases.
• Imbibition is a special type of diffusion in which water is absorbed by solids/colloids.
• After the imbibition process, the volume of solids increases.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. All of them

• There are four main components required in the process of photosynthesis - Water, Carbon Dioxide, Light and Chloroplast
• "Photosynthesis" is a 'Biochemical reaction'.
• During this process, the oxidation of water and the reduction of carbon dioxide occurs.
• During this process, oxygen is released and carbon dioxide is produced.
• This entire process is completed in two phases - Light reaction and Dark reaction

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Ribosome

The correct answer is option 3 i.e. Both are right.

• The dependence of food on one another by living in the same habitat is called a "symbiotic relationship".
• Lichen is a type of 'Thalophyta' type of vegetation.
• A good example of symbiosis is lichen in which there is a mutual symbiosis between "algae and fungi".
• Rhizobium bacteria are found in the roots of leguminous plants that take nitrogen from the atmosphere and convert it into soluble substances.
• The plant absorbs 'solute nitrogen' and, in turn, provides the habitat and food items to the bacteria.
• Greek philosopher 'Theophrastus' first used the word "Lichen".
• The study of lichen is called 'lichenology'.

Given:

n(H) = 25

n(I) = 26

n(T) = 26

n(H ∩ I) = 9

n(H ∩ T) = 11

n(T ∩ I) = 8

n(H ∩ T ∩ I) = 3

Formula used:

n(H 

 T 

 I) = n(H) + n(I) + n(T) - n(H ∩ I) - n(H ∩ T) - n(T ∩ I) + n(H ∩ T ∩ I) 

Calculation:

The number of students who read at least one of the newspapers = 25 + 26 + 26 - 9 - 11 - 8 + 3 = 52

The number of students who read exactly one newspaper = The number of students who read at least one of the newspapers - n(H ∩ I) - n(H ∩ T) - n(T ∩ I) + 2n(H ∩ T ∩ I)

⇒ 52 - 9 - 11 - 8 + 6

⇒ 30

∴ The number of students who read exactly one newspaper is 30.

Calculation:

Put n = 1

⇒ 3 × 52n + 1 + 23n + 1

⇒ 3 × 53 + 24

⇒ 375 + 16

⇒ 391

⇒ 17 × 23

∴ 3.52n + 1 + 23n + 1 is divisible by 17.

Given:

Salary per month = Rs.5200

Increased per month = Rs.320

Calculation:

Salary for 10^th month = 5200 + 320(10 - 1)

Salary for 10^th month = 5200 + 320 × 9

Salary for 10^th month = 5200 + 2880

Salary for 10^th month = 8080

∴ The salary for 10^th month will be Rs.8080.

Calculation:

108 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 3

288 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3

360 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5

Highest Common Factor = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 = 36

∴ HCF of 108, 288, 360 is 36.

Given:

The product of two numbers = 19200

HCF = 40

Formula used:

The product of two numbers = LCM × HCF

Calculation:

19200 = LCM × 40

LCM = 19200/40 = 480

∴ LCM is 480.

Given:

Total time = 30 min.

Intervals of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 seconds

Calculation:

LCM of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 

2 = 2

4 = 2 × 2

6 = 2 × 3

8 = 2 × 2 × 2

10 = 2 × 5

12 = 2 × 2 × 3

LCM of 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 = 2³ × 3 × 5 = 120 sec. = 2 min

Number times do they toll together = (30/2) + 1 = 16

∴ Required answer is option 4.

Mistake Point: At zero second ring will ring for 1^st time. So, we have to add 1.

Calculation:

Put a = b = c = 1

\(\left(\dfrac{x^a}{x^b}\right)^{a^2+ab+b^2} \left(\dfrac{x^b}{x^c}\right)^{b^2+bc+c^2} \left(\dfrac{x^c}{x^a}\right)^{c^2+ac+a^2}\)

⇒ \(\left(\dfrac{x}{x}\right)^{1+1+1} \left(\dfrac{x}{x}\right)^{1+1+1} \left(\dfrac{x}{x}\right)^{1+1+1}\)

⇒ 1 × 1 × 1

⇒ 1

∴ Value of \(\left(\dfrac{x^a}{x^b}\right)^{a^2+ab+b^2} \left(\dfrac{x^b}{x^c}\right)^{b^2+bc+c^2} \left(\dfrac{x^c}{x^a}\right)^{c^2+ac+a^2}\) is 1.

Given:

x2 - 7x + 20 = 0

Two roots α and β 

Calculation:

α + β = -b/a = 7

α × β = c/a = 20

(α + β)² = 7²

α² + β² + 2αβ = 49

α2 + β2= 49 - 40 = 9      ----(i)

α² × β² = 20² = 400      ----(ii)

\(\dfrac{1}{α^2}+ \dfrac{1}{\beta^2}\) = (α2 + β2)/(α² × β2)

⇒ 9/400

∴ The value of \(\dfrac{1}{α^2}+ \dfrac{1}{\beta^2}\) is 9/400.

Given:

Sum of two numbers = 32

Product of two numbers = 256

Calculation:

Let the two numbers be x and y

x + y = 32

xy = 256

⇒ x(32 - x) = 256

⇒ 32x - x² = 256

⇒ x² - 32x + 256 = 0

⇒ x2 - 16x  - 16x + 256 = 0

⇒ x(x - 16) - 16(x - 16) = 0

⇒ x = 16, 16

∴ Two numbers are 16 and 16.

Given:

Father = Son + 28

After 5 years, 

The father's age will be 7 years more than twice that of the son

Calculation:

Let the present age of son be x

So the present age of father = x + 28

After 5 years,

(x + 28 + 5) = 2(x + 5) + 7

⇒ x + 33 = 2x + 17

⇒ x = 16

The present age of father = x + 28 = 16 + 28 = 44 years

∴ The present age of father is 44 years.

Given:

P₁ = Rs.800

P₂ = Rs.400

Time = 2 years

Difference in S.I. = Rs.40

Formula used:

S.I. = (PRT)/100

Calculation:

(P₁RT)/100 - (P₂RT)/100 = 40

⇒ RT(800 - 400) = 4000

⇒ R = 2000/400

⇒ R = 5%

∴ The rate of simple interest is 10%.

Given:

s₁ = 28 kmph, t₁ = 4 hr

s₂ = 30 kmph, t₂ = 5 hr

s₃ = 40 kmph, t₃ = 1 hr

Formula used:

Average speed = Total distance/Total time

Calculation:

Average speed = (28 × 4 + 30 × 5 + 40 × 1)/(4 + 5 + 1)

Average speed = 302/10

Average speed = 30.2 kmph

∴ Average speed is 30.2 kmph

Given:

The average age of Ashok and Abdul = 45 years

The average age of Abdul and Anthony = 50 years

The average age of Anthony and Ashok = 35 years

Formula used:

Average age = Sum of ages/Number of persons

Calculation:

The age of Ashok and Abdul = 45 × 2 = 90 years         ----(i)

The age of Abdul and Anthony = 50 × 2 = 100 years       ----(ii)

The age of Anthony and Ashok = 35 × 2 = 70 years         ----(iii)

From (i) + (ii) + (iii)

The age of Ashok, Abdul and Anthony = (90 + 100 + 70)/2 = 130 years      ----(iv)

From (ii) and (iv)

The age of Ashok = 130 - 100 = 30 years.

∴ The age of Ashok is 30 years.

Given:

Passing marks = 50%

Student gets marks = 100

Failed by 50 marks

Calculation:

Passing marks = 100 + 50 = 150

Maximum marks = (150/50) × 100 = 300

∴ The maximum marks is 300.

Given:

Spend = 30% + 20000 + (10% of remaining)

Calculation:

Let the total wealth be 100x

100x - [30x + 20000 + {100x - (30x + 20,000)}10%] = 29,250

⇒ 100x - [30x + 20,000 + 10x - 3x - 2000] = 29,250

⇒ 100x - (37x + 18000) = 29,250

⇒ 63x = 47250

⇒ x = 47250/63

⇒ x = 750

⇒ 100x = Rs.75,000

∴ His total wealth value was Rs.75,000

Given:

S.P. - C.P. = Rs.225

Profit % = 15%

Calculation:

Profit% = [(S.P. - C.P.)/C.P.] × 100

⇒ 15 = {225/C.P.] × 100

⇒ C.P. =  Rs.1,500

⇒ S.P. = 1500 × (100 + 15)%

⇒ S.P. = Rs.1725

∴ The selling price is Rs.1725.

Given:

A and B can do a piece = 7 days

A  = 10 days

Formula used:

Time is taken by A and B = (t_A × t_B)/(tA + tB)

Calculation:

7 = (10 × t_B)/(10 + t_B)

⇒ 70 + 7t_B = 10t_B

⇒ t_B = 70/3 days

∴ B will alone to do it in 70/3 days

Given:

A man walking \(\dfrac{5}{6}\) of his usual speed

Late = 30 minutes

Formula used:

Speed = Distance/Time

Calculation:

Let the usual speed be 6x

6x × t = 5x × (t + 0.5)

⇒ 6t = 5t + 2.5

⇒ t = 2.5 hours

∴ His usual time to cover the distance is 2 hrs. 30 min.

Given:

A = 5 days

B = 7 days

C = 9 days

Total earning = Rs. 1180

Calculation:

Total earning = (5 × 4x) + (7 × 3x) + (9 × 2x)

⇒ 1180 = 20x + 21x + 18x

⇒ 59x = 1180

⇒ x = 20

Daily wages of A = 4x = Rs.80

∴ The daily wages of A is Rs.80

Given:

Length of train = 100 m

Speed of train = 30 kmph

Formula used:

Time = Length of train/Speed of train

Calculation:

Speed = 30 × 5/18 = 25/3 m/sec

Time = 100/(25/3) = 12 sec.

∴ The train will pass a man in 12 sec. near the line.

सही उत्तर कट है।

Key Points

• ‘कट’ शब्द का अर्थ वस्त्र नहीं है।
• ‘कट’ का अर्थ है काटना।

अन्य विकल्प

वसन, पट तथा कपड़ा ये तीनों शब्द ‘वस्त्र’ के पर्यायवाची शब्द हैं।

जब किसी शब्द का उल्टा या विपरीत अर्थ दिया जाता है उस शब्द को विलोम शब्द कहते हैं, अर्थात एक दूसरे के विपरीत या उल्टा अर्थ देने वाले शब्दों को विलोम शब्द कहते हैं।

‘सूक्ष्म’ का अर्थ है ‘बहुत बारीक, बहुत छोटा’। ‘बहुत बारीक, बहुत छोटा’ का विलोम है ‘मोटा, बड़ा’। यहाँ ‘स्थूल’ का अर्थ है ‘मोटा, बड़ा’। इस आधार पर ‘सूक्ष्म’ का विलोम ‘स्थूल’ होगा। अतः सही विकल्प स्थूल है।

Key Points

अन्य विकल्प

Additional Information

विशेष

विकल्प 2 "अपना" सही उत्तर है , अन्य विकल्प असंगत है | 

Key Points

• अपना निजवाचक सर्वनाम है |
• निजवाचक सर्वनाम :- वह सार्वनामिक शब्द जो स्वयं के लिए प्रयोग करते हैं जैसे – आप , अपना आदि जिससे स्वयं का बोध हो वह निजवाचक कहलाते हैं।

अन्य विकल्प 

दिए गये वाक्य में ‘सच’ शब्द बड़ो की कहने की विशेषता को बढ़ा रहा है। इस आधार पर हम कह सकते हैं कि ‘सच’ विशेषण शब्द है। ‘विशेषण’ अर्थात संज्ञा और सर्वनाम की विशेषता बताने वाले शब्दों को विशेषण कहते हैं। अतः सही विकल्प सच है।

अन्य विकल्प

दिए गए वाक्य में क्रिया का फल कर्ता (बच्चे) पर पड़ रहा है और इसमें कोई कर्म नहीं है। इस आधार पर इस वाक्य में अकर्मक क्रिया है। ‘अकर्मक क्रिया’ का अर्थ है ‘बिना कर्म के’ अर्थात जिस क्रिया का फल सीधा कर्ता पर पड़े उसे अकर्मक क्रिया कहते हैं। अतः सही विकल्प अकर्मक है।

अन्य विकल्प

सकर्मक क्रिया का अर्थ है ‘कर्म के साथ’ अर्थात जिस वाक्य में क्रिया और कर्म दोनों का योग होता है उसे सकर्मक क्रिया कहते हैं।

अन्यकर्मक जैसा कोई क्रिया रूप नहीं होता।

यहाँ ‘मातृ+उक्ति’ का संधि करने पर ‘मात्रुक्ति’ शब्द बनेगा।

• यहाँ ‘ऋ’ के साथ अन्य स्वर के मेल से ‘र’ का स्वर बन जाता है तथा ह्रस्व स्वर दीर्घ हो जाता है।
• इस आधार पर हम कह सकते हैं कि यहाँ यण संधि है। अतः सही विकल्प मात्रुक्ति है।

Important Points

यण संधि के कुछ अन्य उदाहरण :

• अति + अधिक = अत्यधिक (इ + अ = य)
• प्रति + अक्ष = प्रत्यक्ष (इ + अ = य)
• प्रति + आघात = प्रत्याघात (इ + आ = या)
• अति + अंत = अत्यंत (इ + अ = य)
• इ + अ= य यदि + अपि= यद्यपि
• इ + आ= या अति + आवश्यक= अत्यावश्यक
• इ + उ= यु अति + उत्तम= अत्युत्तम
• इ + ऊ = यू अति + उष्म= अत्यूष्म
• उ + अ= व अनु + आय= अन्वय

Additional Information

अन्य विकल्प

इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प सही नहीं हैं।

विशेष

सही उत्तर तिरस्कार है।

Key Points 

‘घृणा’ का अर्थ है ‘नफ़रत, तिरस्कार, घिन्न’।

यहाँ दिए गये शब्दों में ‘तिरस्कार’ शब्द ‘घृणा’ के अर्थ के सबसे निकटतम है। यह शब्द उसका विलोम नहीं है। 

अन्य विकल्प

प्रेम, प्यार तथा अनुराग समानार्थी शब्द हैं अर्थात सभी के अर्थ एक समान हैं।

‘नग्न’ तत्सम शब्द है जिसका अर्थ है ‘वस्त्र रहित’। इसका तद्भव रूप होगा ‘नंगा’। अतः सही विकल्प नंगा है।

Key Points

• नाग अर्थात ‘साँप का वृहत रूप’
• नग अर्थात ‘अचल, स्थिर’
• नाना अर्थात ‘माँ के पिताजी को कहा जाता है’

Additional Information

‘पीताम्बर’ शब्द का सामासिक विग्रह करने पर होगा ‘पीले हैं वस्त्र जिसके’ अर्थात कृष्ण। यहाँ यह बहुव्रीहि समास का उदाहरण है। बहुव्रीहि समास में कोई भी पद प्रधान नहीं होता। जब दो पद मिलकर तीसरा पद बनाते हैं तब वह तीसरा पद प्रधान होता है। इसका विग्रह करने पर “वाला, है, जो, जिसका, जिसकी, जिसके, वह” आदि आते हैं, वह बहुव्रीहि समास कहलाते हैं। अतः सही विकल्प बहुव्रीहि समास है।

अन्य विकल्प

‘फूला न समाना’ मुहावरे का अर्थ बहुत प्रसन्न होना होता है। इस आधार पर सही विकल्प बहुत प्रसन्न होना है।

अन्य विकल्प

इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।

प्रश्न का सही उत्तर-  a – 3, b – 2, c – 4, d – 1, e – 5 है।

Key Points

• मुहावरे: मुहावरा वाक्य का अंश होता है, मुहावरे का प्रयोग वाक्य के अंत, आरम्भ और बीच में कही भी किया जा सकता है।
• मुहावरा अपने रूढ़ अर्थ के लिए प्रसिद्ध होता है।
• मुहावरा अरबी भाषा का शब्द है।

Additional Informationमुहावरे के कुछ उदाहरण:

‘दुराग्रह’ का अर्थ उसका विच्छेद करने पर स्पष्ट हो रहा है ‘दुर्+आग्रह’। इसका अर्थ होगा ‘अनुचित ज़िद्द’ या ‘अनुचित बात के लिए आग्रह करना’। अतः सही विकल्प 'अनुचित बात के लिए आग्रह' है।

अन्य विकल्प

इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।

अन्य महत्वपूर्ण वाक्यांश के लिए एक शब्द

यहाँ लिंग परिवर्तन की बात की जा रही है। ‘पंडित’ का स्त्रीलिंग रूप ‘पंडिताइन’ होगा। इस आधार पर चमार का स्त्रीलिंग रूप ‘चमारिन’ होगा। अतः सही विकल्प चमारिन है।

अन्य विकल्प

इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।

विशेष

यहाँ वचन परिवर्तन की बात की जा रही है। यहाँ दिया गया है कि ‘एक घोड़ा’ का बहुवचन ‘दो घोड़े’ है। इस आधार पर ‘एक राजा’ का बहुवचन ‘दो राजा’ ही होगा। अतः सही विकल्प 4- राजा है।

अन्य विकल्प

इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।

विशेष

दिए गये वाक्य में ‘मुस्कराहट’ शब्द संज्ञा है। यह भाववाचक संज्ञा है। भाववाचक संज्ञा अर्थात वह संज्ञा शब्द जिससे किसी भाव विशेष का बोध होता है। अतः सही विकल्प 'मुस्कराहट' है।

अन्य विकल���प

दिए गये वाक्य में ‘गाड़ी के स्टेशन पर आने की बात की जा रही है। गाड़ी के आने की विशेषता बताई जा रही है कि वह धीरे-धीरे आ रही है। इस आधार पर ‘धीरे-धीरे’ क्रिया विशेषण शब्द है। ‘क्रिया विशेषण’ अर्थात वह शब्द जो क्रिया की विशेषता बताएँ। अतः सही विकल्प धीरे-धीरे है।

अन्य विकल्प

यहाँ लिंग परिवर्तन की बात की जा रही है। ‘जीजी’ का स्त्रीलिंग रूप ‘जीजा’ होगा। इस आधार पर ‘विधवा’ का स्त्रीलिंग रूप ‘विधुर’ होगा। अतः सही विकल्प विधुर है।

अन्य विकल्प

इसके अतिरिक्त दिए गये विकल्प उपयुक्त नहीं हैं।

विशेष

दोनों भागों का सही सुमेलन (जोड़) इस प्रकार होगा-

अतः सही विकल्प a – 1, b – 3, c – 2 है।

‘अनल’ का अर्थ है ‘अग्नि’। इस आधार पर ‘अनल’ शब्द ‘धरती’ शब्द से भिन्न है। अतः सही विकल्प अनल है।

अन्य विकल्प

इला, अचला, धरा धरती के समानार्थी शब्द हैं।

विशेष

दोनों भागों का सही सुमेलन (जोड़) इस प्रकार होगा-

अतः सही विकल्प a – 2, b – 4, c – 1, d – 5, e – 3 है।

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Besides.

Explanation:

• Let us explore the options:
• The preposition 'beside' means ‘at the side of’ or ‘next to’.
• The preposition 'besides' means ‘in addition to’ or ‘also’.
• The preposition 'in' is used to describe something that is inside an enclosed space with limits.
• Hence, the correct option is "besides".

• A preposition is a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause.
• Confusing pairs of the preposition:

Correct sentence: "Besides men, many children were present."

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. into**.**

Explanation      

• Let us explore the options:
• The preposition 'in' is used to talk about where something is in relation to a larger area around it.
• The preposition 'into' is used to express the movement of something toward or into something else.
• The preposition 'at' is used to indicate a place.
• The preposition 'by' is used to refer to a place where something or someone is located.
• As we can see, the context says that the movement of people was involved.
• Hence, the correct option is **"**into".

• A preposition is a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause.
• Confusing pairs of the preposition:

• The difference between in and into is whether or not there is movement: 
• 'Into' is used when something or someone is going or being put into another location.
• For example, She walked into the room.
• 'In' is used to describe where someone or something already is.
• For example, She is in the room.
• With some verbs (put, fall, jump, dive) we can use either in or into with no difference in meaning.
• For example:
• Can you put the fruits in/into the fridge?
• His keys fell in/into the canal.

Correct sentence: "They marched into the street."

The correct answer is option 4) i.e. Why was such a letter written by your brother?

Explanation

• In Active Voice, a sentence emphasizes subject performing an action.
• In Passive Voice, a sentence emphasizes the action or the object of the sentence.
• The given sentence is in the active voice and 'brother' is the subject, 'write' is the first form the verb and 'a letter' is the object.
• When we convert this sentence into passive voice, the subject 'brother' of the active voice becomes the object, the object 'a letter' becomes the subject and the third form of the verb 'written' is used.
• The passive format "was/were + third form the verb (V3)" is used.
• This is theactive and passive voice rule for past simple tense.
• Hence, "Why was such a letter written by your brother?" is the correct active voice.

 *Verbs of passive format have a different set of tenses (V3 - Past participle or Third form of the Verb) as given below in the table:

• The sentences of the following tenses cannot be converted into Passive voice:
• Present Perfect Continuous (or Progressive) Tense.
• Past Perfect Continuous (or Progressive) Tense.
• Future Continuous (or Progressive) Tense.
• Future Perfect Continuous (or Progressive) Tense.

The correct answer is The wounded man was being helped by some boys.

Key Points

• In Active Voice, a sentence emphasizes subject performing an action.
• In Passive Voice, a sentence emphasizes the action or the object of the sentence.
• The given sentence is in the active voice and 'boys' is the subject, 'helping' is the present participle of the verb 'help' and 'wounded man' is the object.
• When we convert this sentence into passive voice, the subject 'boys' of the active voice becomes the object, the object 'wounded man' becomes the subject and the third form of the verb 'helped' is used.
• The phrase "were helping" becomes "was being helped"
• This is the active and passive voice rule for past continuous tense.
• Hence, "The wounded man was being helped by some boys" is the correct active voice.

Additional Information

*Verbs of passive format have a different set of tenses (V3 - Past participle or Third form of the Verb) as given below in the table:

• The sentences of the following tenses cannot be converted into Passive voice:
• ​Present Perfect Continuous (or Progressive) Tense.
• Past Perfect Continuous (or Progressive) Tense.
• Future Continuous (or Progressive) Tense.
• Future Perfect Continuous (or Progressive) Tense.

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. Break-in on**.**

Explanation   

• Let us explore the options:

• Break-in means to interrupt forcibly when someone is talking.

• Break into to interrupt someone not forcibly when they are talking or thinking.

• Break-in on means to thrust in on; intrude upon with force or exigence.

• Break out means to escape from something such as a situation or way of life.

• As per the context of the given sentence, "Break-in on" is the most appropriate phrasal verb.

• Hence, the option 'Break-in on' is the correct answer.

• The synonyms of the given phrasal verb 'Break-in on' are "hinder, impede, impose, infringe, intrude, tamper, advance, encroach".

• The antonyms of the given phrasal verb 'Break-in on' are "aid, assist, facilitate, forward, help, leave alone, retreat, yield, avoid, dodge, ignore, stay out of".

• Examples of 'Break-in on' in a sentence:

• "No one tried to break-in on behalf of the planet the one that America is on."

• "A 22-year-old woman was shot to death early Friday morning during a home break-in on Detroit's west side."

​Correct sentence: "Please don't break-in on our conversation."

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Fall back on**.**

Explanation   

• Let us explore the options:

• Fall back means to move back suddenly from someone or something, often because you are frightened.

• Fall back on means to use or do something else after other things have failed.

• Fall out means to become loose and drop.

• Fall off means a decrease in something.

• As per the context of the given sentence, "fall back on" is the most appropriate phrasal verb.

• Hence, the option 'Fall back on' is the correct answer.

• The synonyms of the given phrasal verb 'Fall back on' are "go towards, bring in, draw on, pour into, base on, adopt, use, bring back, play with".

• The antonyms of the given phrasal verb 'Fall back on' are "abstain, break, halt, ignore, misuse, shun, stay, stop".

• Examples of 'Fall back on' in a sentence:

• "She has no family to fall back on."

• "We had to fall back on the radio.**"

​Correct sentence: "We had to fall back on powdered milk as fresh milk was not available."

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. Metonymy.

Explanation

• Let us explore the different "figure of speech" given in the options:
• 'Metonymy' is a figure in which a thing is spoken of not by its name, but by the name of some conspicuous accompaniment.
• A 'pun', also called paronomasia, involves a wordplay which suggests two or more meanings, by exploiting multiple meanings of words, or of similar-sounding words, for an intended humorous or rhetorical effect. Puns are constructions used in-jokes and idioms whose usage and meaning are entirely local to a particular language and its culture.
• A 'metaphor' is a figure of speech that describes an object or action in a way that isn't literally true but helps explain an idea or make a comparison. A metaphor states that one thing is another thing. It equates those two things not because they actually are the same, but for the sake of comparison or symbolism.
• An 'oxymoron' is a figure of speech containing words that seem to contradict each other. It's often referred to as a contradiction in terms.
• Hence, from the above explanation, the option 'Metonymy' is the correct answer.

• A figure of speech is a word or phrase that possesses a separate meaning from its literal definition.
• It can be a metaphor or simile, designed to make a comparison. It can be the repetition of alliteration or the exaggeration of hyperbole to provide a dramatic effect.
• Figures of speech lend themselves particularly well to literature and poetry.
• They also pack a punch in speeches and movie lines. Indeed, these tools abound in nearly every corner of life.

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. Antithesis.

Key Points

• Let us explore the different "figure of speech" given in the options:
• 'Synecdoche' is used for creating an image by using a part to represent a whole.
• 'Simile' is used for comparison between two unlike things using "like" or "as".
• 'Antithesis' is "a contrary or opposite opinion, concept, or characteristic used to portray the importance of a certain product or idea.
• 'Euphemism' is a mild, indirect, or vague term that often substitutes a harsh, blunt, or offensive term.
• Hence, from the above explanation, the option 'Antithesis' is the correct answer.

• A figure of speech is a word or phrase that possesses a separate meaning from its literal definition.
• It can be a metaphor or simile, designed to make a comparison. It can be the repetition of alliteration or the exaggeration of hyperbole to provide a dramatic effect.
• Figures of speech lend themselves particularly well to literature and poetry.
• They also pack a punch in speeches and movie lines. Indeed, these tools abound in nearly every corner of life.

The correct answer is Direct.

Key Points

• The word 'Circuitous' means not being forthright or direct in language or action. (भाषा या क्रिया में स्पष्ट या प्रत्यक्ष नहीं होना)
• The synonyms of the word are "circular, indirect, roundabout".
• The antonyms of the word are "direct, straight, straightforward".
• From the antonym of the given word 'Circuitous', we can say that the word 'Direct' is its opposite meaning.
• The word 'Direct' means to point, extend, or project in a specified line or course. (एक निर्दिष्ट पंक्ति या पाठ्यक्रम में इंगित करना, विस्तार करना या प्रोजेक्ट करना।)
• Hence, we can say that 'Direct' is nearly opposite in meaning to the given word.
• Let's see the meaning of other given options-

Important Points

• The word 'Circuitous' is derived from the Medieval Latin "circuitosus", from Latin "circuitous".
• Its first known use was in the year 1664.
• Examples of 'Circuitous' in a sentence:
• "Such devices have an extra lead that uses a circuitous route to reach the otherwise hard-to-reach left ventricle."
• "So the agonised, circuitous discussions continue and continue, leading nowhere."

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. Bland.

Explanation   

• The word 'Piquant' means engagingly provocative; agreeably stimulating to the taste especially spicy.
• The synonyms of the word are "pert, poignant, pungent, salty, savoury, zesty, zingy".
• The antonyms of the word are "bland, insipid, zestless".
• From the antonym of the given word 'Piquant', we can say that the word 'Bland' is its opposite meaning.
• The word 'bland' means not irritating, stimulating, or invigorating; lacking a strong flavour.
• Hence, we can say that 'Bland' is nearly opposite in meaning to the given word.
• Let's see the meaning of other given options-

• The word 'piquant' is derived from the Middle French, from present participle of "piquer".
• Its first known use was in the year 1616.
• Examples of 'Piquant' in a sentence:
• "Instead, we went for cold but piquant Thai salads."
• "He is piquant and persuasive."

The correct answer is option 1 i.e. Relative pronoun.

Key Points  

• Let us explore the options:
• Relative Pronoun: A relative pronoun is a type of pronoun that often introduces dependent (or relative) clauses in sentences. They also can stand alone as the subject or object of a sentence. There is a specific list of relative pronouns, and here they are: who, whoever, whom, whomever, that, which, when, where, and whose.
• Reflexive pronouns: These are words ending in -self or -selves that are used when the subject and the object of a sentence are the same. The nine English reflexive pronouns are myself, yourself, himself, herself, oneself, itself, ourselves, yourselves and themselves.
• Demonstrative pronoun: A demonstrative pronoun is a pronoun that is used to point to something specific within a sentence. These pronouns can indicate items in space or time, and they can be either singular or plural. Pronouns that point to specific things: this, that, these, and those.
• Possessive Pronoun: The possessive pronouns include my, mine, our, ours, its, his, her, hers, their, theirs, your and yours. These are all words that demonstrate ownership.
• Hence, from the above explanation, it is clear that 'whom' is a relative pronoun.

Important Points  

• The most common use of whom is with a preposition. We can use whom as the complement of a preposition.
• For example: 
• All of whom were trained in the technique. (Preposition 'of' used before 'whom')
• For whom, and why? (Preposition 'for' used before 'whom')
• We put the preposition before whom.

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. Qualitative adjective.

Explanation  

• Let us explore the types of adjectives in the given options:

• The qualitative adjective is used to describe the features or qualities of a noun (a person, place, thing, idea and so forth). They are “gradable,” with superlative, comparative and positive forms.

• Nominal adjectives are adjectives that perform the function of a noun in a sentence. They are preceded by the word 'the' and can be found as the subject or the object of a sentence or clause.

• Emphasizing Adjectives lay stress on the proceeding noun. The words used to emphasize a noun are called Emphasizing Adjectives. 'Very' and 'own' are the most commonly used emphasizing adjectives which are used to emphasize some idea.

• Proper adjectives describe people, places and things, but they are based on names and therefore need to be capitalized, like the names.

• In the given sentence, the feature of the noun 'wall' is described by the adjective 'brick'.

• Hence, it is clear that 'brick' is a qualitative adjective.

• Adjectives are words that describe or modify another person or thing in the sentence. The articles "a, an, and the" are adjectives.

• If a group of words containing a subject and verb acts as an adjective, it is called an adjective clause.

• Unlike Adverbs, which often seem capable of popping up almost anywhere in a sentence, adjectives nearly always appear immediately before the noun or a noun phrase that they modify.

• When indefinite pronouns such as "something, someone, anybody" are modified by an adjective, the adjective comes after the pronoun.