DSSSB PRT Official Paper 11 Nov 2019 Shift 1 (Previous Year Paper)

The logic followed is:

 

All the options except option (1) s a type of transportation where as handle is a part.

Hence, the correct answer is "Handle".

The logic followed is:

Similarly,

Hence, the correct answer is "SG : TH".

Additional Information

Shortcut to remember the reverse positional letters.

Drawing the Diagram as per the given information:

VL = SV - SL

VL = 18 - 10

VL = 8 km

Now, Triangle "LRV" is a right-angled triangle, so using Pythagoras Theorem: 

RV2 = VL2 + LR2 

RV2 = (8)2 + (6)2

RV2 = 64 + 36

RV2 = 100

RV = √100

RV = 10

The direction of V from R is South west.

Hence, the correct answer is "10 km".

Five students: A, K, L, M, and T.

1) Height of K is more than only two students.

_ > _ > K > _ > _

2) Height of M is greater than T and Height of T is greater than K.

M > T > K

After combining the statements:

M > T > K > _ > _

So, M > T > K > A/L > A/L

Hence, three students are smaller than T.

The Pattern follows here is;

Hence, "498" is the correct answer.

Five boys: B1, B2, B3, B4, and B5.

Five colours: Red, Yellow, Green, Orange and Pink.

Five bikes: L, M, N, P and T.

1) B2 has a bike M and he likes the green colour.

2) B1 likes the colour red or yellow and has bike L.

3) B4 likes either red or yellow. 

4) B5 has either N or T bike. 

5) Boy who likes orange has a bike P.

B1 and B4 do not like the orange colour because they like either Red or Yellow.

B5 has either N or T.

So, B3 likes orange colour and has a bike P.

So, B5 likes pink colour and B4 has a bike N or T.

 

Hence, "T – Yellow – B4" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is:

Given series:

Steps:

1. The double-sided arrow is getting inverted in each next step.
2. The small vertical lines are increasing by +1 in each next step.
3. The number of circles is increasing by +1 in each next step.

Thus in the fourth figure, the number of circles will be 4 and small vertical lines will be 4.

The only image that is satisfying the given pattern is:

The complete series will be:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

According to the English alphabet series and its positional value:

The logic follows here is:

The first letter is increased by 4.

The second letter is increased by 6.

Number = Positional value of First letter + Positional value of Second Letter.

Hence, "W39P" is the correct answer.

From the given diagram:

Thus 10 bats are stick.

Hence, the correct answer is "10".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as below,

Conclusions:

I. Some green are red → False → (No direct relation between green and red)

II. Some blue are green → True → (As Some green are blue. So, Some blue are green) 

III. No yellow is blue → False → (No direct relation between yellow and blue)

Hence, Only conclusion II follows.

Additional Information 

As we can see the given figure is embedded in Option 2. 

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The pattern followed is:

Hence, the correct answer is "BD".

The logic followed is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

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The pattern followed here is:

The positional value of the letter is given as their code.

Given code:

‘MOINT’ is written as ‘131591420’

 

‘TORPS’ is written as ‘2015181619’

 

Similarly,

 

Thus ‘GARBT’ is written as ‘7118220’

Hence, the correct answer is "7118220".

A scalpel, or lancet, or bistoury, is a small and extremely sharp bladed instrument used for surgery, anatomical dissection, podiatry and various arts and crafts.

So, Scalpel is a tool.

Similarly;

Parrot is the bird.

Hence, "Parrot" is the correct answer.

Venn diagram according to the given information is:

Brothers, Father, Female 

Both the brothers and father are male and some brothers can be someone's father so there will be some relation between these two.

But

Female is different from them so it will come as a separate circle.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 2".

Six boys: A, B, C, E, F, and G.

1) A is at one of the ends. 

2) G is sitting third to the right of A. 

3) C is to the immediate left of G.

4) B is not to the right of C.

5) B is not sitting at any of the ends. 

So, the positions of E and F are as follows.

Immediate neighbour of G is C and E.

And also an immediate neighbour of G is C and F.

Hence, "CE" is the correct answer.

As per the given information:

So after the rotation, Rajat is facing in southwest direction.

Hence, "South West" is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as below,

Conclusions:

I. No J is K → True (As No K is T and All J are T)

II. Some T are K → False → (As No K is T. So, Some T are K is not possible)

Hence, Only conclusion I follows.

The logic followed is:

Decoding the information, 

 

Given the equation: 16 C 7 B 49 C 28 A 63 D 21 A 11 = ?

After replacing the signs from left to right and using the BODMAS rule,

16 ÷ 7 × 49 ÷ 28 + 63 – 21 + 11 = ? 

2.28571 × 1.75 + 63 – 21 + 11 = ?

4 + 63 – 21 + 11 = ?

78 – 21 = ?

? = 57

Hence, the correct answer is "57".

The correct answer is 35 years.

Key Points

• The Governor of any state of India must fulfil the following criterion:
• He/she must be a citizen of India.
• He/she must have completed the age of thirty-five years.
• He/she must possess the qualification for membership of the State Legislature.
• He/she should not be a member of either house of Parliament or legislative assemblies and legislative council.
• If he/she is a member of any house of Parliament then he must vacate the seat of that house on the date on which he/she enters his office.

 

Additional Information

The correct answer is Article 263.

Key Points

• Article 263 states the establishment of an Inter-State Council for effective coordination between Centre and state.
• It is to promote cooperative federalism.
• It was set up in the year 1990.
• The constitution specifies some of the functions as follows:
• Enquiring and advising upon the dispute between states.
• Discuss, investigate and promote common interest between the centre and a state and between any two states.
• Making a recommendation on any subject for better coordination of policy and action on it.
• It is a constitutional body and set up after the recommendation of the Sarkaria Commission.

Additional Information

• Article 268 to 293 in Part XII deals with financial relations.
• The financial relations between the Union and the States can be studied.
• According to Article 248 in the Constitution of India, The residuary powers of legislation,
• In respect to any matter not mentioned in the Concurrent List or State List, Parliament has exclusive authority to make any law.
• Such authority requires the power to create any law imposing a tax not specified on any of those lists.
• Article 262: States about the Adjustment of dispute related to water of the Inter-state River and river valley.

The correct answer is Dadra and Nagar Haveli.

Key Points

• Divaso is celebrated by Dhodia and Varli tribes of Dadra and Nagar Haveli.
• Kanseri is another prominent festival celebrated during harvest by Dhodia.
• The most prominent tribes of Dadra and Nagar Haveli are Dhodia, Kokna, and Varli, with small groups of Koli, Kathodi, Naika, and Dubla.
• Gujarati, Hindi is the Principal language of Dadra and Nagar Haveli.

​ 

 

• The Union Territories of Daman and Diu and Dadra and Nagar Haveli become a single union territory on 26th January 2020.
• So now the UTs of Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu are just single UT.
• The merger of these two UTs takes place by the Dadra and Nagar Haveli and Daman and Diu (Merger of Union Territories) Bill, 2019.
• This bill was passed by the Lok Sabha on November 27, 2019, and by Rajya Sabha on December 03, 2019.
• Daman and Diu are two widely separated districts situated on the southern side of Gujarat.
• Daman is an enclave on Gujarat’s southern coast and Diu encompasses an island off the southern coast of Gujarat’s Kathiawar Peninsula.
• Dadra and Nagar Haveli consists of two separate parts.
• Dadra is surrounded by the state of Gujarat and Nagar Haveli lies on the borders of Maharashtra and Gujarat.

The correct answer is 8°4'N and 37°6'N.

Key Points

• The mainland of India extends between 8°4'N and 37°6'N latitudes.
• The latitude of the northernmost point of India, nearest to minutes is 37° 6'.
• The latitude of the southernmost point of India, nearest to minutes is 8°4'.
• The mainland of India extends between 68°7'E and 97°25'E longitudes.
• The latitudes and longitudes are the geographical coordinates that provide a systematic network of lines upon which the position of various surface features of the earth, can be represented.
• The location, distance, and direction of various points on earth can be easily determined with the help of these coordinates.
• The equator represents the zero degrees latitude.
• The equator is the longest latitude.
• All latitudes are parallel to the equator.

Additional Information

• The Tropic of Cancer runs almost halfway through India.
• The Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 states of India namely Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura, and Mizoram.
• The Tropic of Cancer is the northernmost latitude on the Earth where the sun can appear directly overhead whereas the Tropic of Capricorn is the southernmost latitude on the Earth where the sun can appear directly overhead.

The correct answer is Chandragupta.

Key Points

• Famous Greek ambassador Megasthenes come to Chandragupta Maurya.
• Megasthenes was a Greek ambassador of Seleucus I Nicator.
• Indica is the reputed work of Megasthenes.
• Megasthenes also describes India's two major rivers Sindhu and Ganga.
• Megasthenes visited the Maurya capital Pataliputra.
• He provides a detailed account of the rivers of the Punjab region in north-western India.

Additional Information

• About Chandragupta Maurya:
• Chandragupta Maurya ascended the throne at the age of 25.
• He established the Mauryan Empire by defeating the Nandas.
• He defeated the last Nanda ruler Dhanananda and occupied Pataliputra in 322 BC.
• Chandragupta Maurya was supported by a wise man named Chanakya/Kautilya.
• In 305 BC, Chandragupta Maurya defeated Seleucus Nikator.
• The whole of northern India was united during the reign of Chandragupta Maurya.
• He adopted Jainism and went to Shravanabelagola with Bhadrabahu.

The correct answer is Sonu Nigam.

Key Points

• Sonu Nigam has been honored with 'Magnificent Performing Arts Award' at the 21st Century Icon Awards in London, United Kingdom (UK)
• The nominations for the annual award were from 22 different nations.
• It is conducted by Squared Watermelon Limited.
• UK-based Indian-origin entrepreneurs Preeti Rana and Tarun Gulati are co-founders of Squared Watermelon Ltd.

The correct answer is Sebastian Vettel.

Key Points

• Sebastian Vettel won Formula 1 Singapore Grand Prix 2019.
• He is a German racing driver who races in Formula One for Scuderia Ferrari.
• It was held at Marina Bay Street Circuit in Marina Bay, Singapore.
• Formula One is endorsed by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and owned by the Formula One Group.
• More than 15 such Grand Prix events are held yearly in countries throughout the world.

 

• On November 1, 2020, British Driver Lewis Hamilton won the 2020 Emilia Romagna Grand Prix (officially known as the Formula 1 Emirates Gran Premio dell'Emilia Romagna 2020) held at Autodromo Internazionale Enzo e Dino Ferrari in Imola, Italy.
• The championships are organized by Federation Internationale de I'Automobile (FIA).
• This race was the 13th round of the 2020 Formula One World Championship.
• Mercedes-Benz through its subsidiary Mercedes-Benz Grand Prix Limited is involved in Formula One under the name of Mercedes-AMG Petronas F1 Team.
• This team is known by their nickname Silver Arrows.
• Formula 1 held in Italy for the first time since 2006 and the first-ever running of a race under the name of Emilia Romagna Grand Prix.

The correct answer is Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade.

Key Points

• Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade is the nodal department for the formulation of the policy on Foreign Direct Investment (FDI).
• It is a central government department under the Ministry of Commerce and Industry.
• It controls the maintenance and management of data on inward FDI into India.
• The Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade plays a vital role in the liberalization and rationalization of the FDI policy.

 

Additional Information

The correct answer is Cash reserve ratio.

Key Points

• The Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR) refers to the share of Net Demand and Time Liabilities that banks have to hold as balances with the RBI.
• The objective of CRR is to keep inflation under control.
• During high inflation in the economy, the central bank raises the CRR to lower the bank’s loanable funds.
• The current Cash Reserve Ratio is 4.00% (as of June 2021).
• The current Reverse repo rate is 3.35% (as of June 2021).
• The Central bank has the authority to regulate monetary policies.
• The Ministry of Finance has the authority to regulate fiscal policies.

Additional Information

• Marginal Standing facility:
• MSF is a facility under which scheduled commercial banks can borrow an additional amount of overnight money from the RBI by dipping into their SLR portfolio up to a limit at a penal rate of interest.
• This provides a safety wall against unanticipated liquidity shocks to the banking system.
• The MSF is a scheme launched by RBI in 2011-12.
• Under MSF banks can borrow funds up to 1% of their net demand and time liability.
• The minimum amount for which RBI receives application is Rs. 1 crore and afterwards in multiples of rupees 1 crore.
• ​SLR is a kind of reserve that commercial banks need to maintain before crediting their money to borrowers.
• Regulating the SLR rates is a component of RBI's monetary policy.
• Reserve Bank of India sets the limit for banks (under Banking Regulation Act, 1949) to hold a certain proportion of their assets as SLR.
• Repo Rate:- It is a rate at which the central bank (RBI) lends money to its clients against the government securities.
• Reverse Repo- It is the rate at which the central bank (RBI) borrows money from its clients.
• Reverse Repo is used in India as a tool in which banks will give their surplus fund to RBI for a short-term period and earn money.
• The repo rate is always higher than the reverse repo rate.
• Repo and Reverse repo rates are decided by the Monitory policy committee (MPC) of RBI.

The correct answer is Sulphur.

Key Points

• Atomicity: 
• The present number of atoms in any molecule of an element is called its atomicity.
• For example, oxygen is diatomic & helium is monoatomic.
• Types of Atomicity: 
• Monoatomic – when an element consists of a single atom. Example – all kinds of metals in nature.
• Diatomic – The element which consists of two atoms. Example – all types of gases.
• Triatomic – The element which consists of three atoms.
• Tetra-atomic – The element, consists of four atoms.
• Poly-atomic – The element consists of more than two atoms.

 

Additional Information

• The following table shows the Atomicity of some Elements.

Important Points 

The correct answer is Ahemdabad.

Key Points

• Mahatma Gandhi organized the satyagraha movement amongst cotton mill workers at Ahmedabad in the year 1918.
• The cotton mill workers demanded a 50% wage hike but the Mill Owners were willing to give only a 20% wage hike, to support the Cotton mill workers Gandhiji made a hunger strike.
• The result of the Satyagraha was that the strike was successful and the workers got a 35% wage increase.
• The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first Satyagraha movement led by Gandhi.
• The Satyagraha made as the farmers were forced to grow indigo without any payment for it.
• The Kheda Satyagraha of 1918 was the third Satyagraha movement led by Gandhi.
• This movement to support workers of the Kheda district who were unable to pay the high taxes imposed by the British due to crop failure.

Additional Information

• Mahatma Gandhi died January 30, 1948, in Delhi, and the day is celebrated as Shaheed Diwas or Martyrs' Day.
• His autobiography is titled My Experiments with Truth.
• Important movements led by Mahatma Gandhi:
• ​Champaran Movement (1917)
• Kheda Movement (1918)
• Khilafat Movement (1919)
• Non-Cooperation Movement (1920)
• Civil Disobedience Movement: Dandi March (1930)
• Quit India Movement (1942)

The correct answer is Son.

Key Points

• Son, Chambal, and Betwa are the major tributaries of river Ganga which come from the peninsular uplands.
• The longest river in India is Ganga with a total length of 2525 km.
• The Ganga Action Plan was, launched in 1986 by Late. Rajeev Gandhi.
• The main objective was pollution reduction of the river Ganga and improve the water quality.
• Left-bank tributaries are Gomti, Ghaghara, Gandaki, and Kosi.
• Right-bank tributaries include the Yamuna, Son, Punpun, and Damodar.

Additional Information

• The place of origin of the Son river is near Amarkantak in Madhya Pradesh.
• Son River cuts through the Kaimur Range and joins the Ganges above Patna.
• Son River is the largest southernmost tributary of the Ganga river.
• The Rihand is the major tributary of the Son river.
• Major dams built across the Son river are the Bansagar dam and Indrapuri barrage.
• Khajuraho, Umaria, and Dindori are the cities in Madhya Pradesh.

The correct answer is Earthquakes produce high-frequency ultrasound before the main shockwaves begin which possibly alerts the animals.

Key Points

• Earthquakes produce low-frequency Infrasonic sound before the main shockwaves begin which possibly alerts the animals.
• The Soundwaves below a frequency of 20 Hz is known as Infrasonic sound waves.
• The audible range of sound for human beings extends from about 20 Hz to 20000 Hz.
• Ultrasound is produced by dolphins, bats and porpoises.
• Animals such as elephants, hippopotamuses, rhinoceroses, giraffes, whales, and alligators are known to use infrasound to communicate over hundreds of miles of distance.

Additional Information

• Sound waves with a frequency greater than 20 kHz are called ultrasound.
• Our ears cannot hear sounds of frequencies lower than 20 Hz and higher than 20,000 Hz (20 kHz). Sound with a frequency smaller than 20 Hz is called infrasound.
• Dogs, mice, bats, dolphins, etc have a special ability to hear ultrasonic sounds can also produce ultrasound waves.
• Audible sounds have a frequency of 20-20000 Hz since they are sensitive to the human ears.

The correct answer is Nepal.

Key Points

• Nepal shares borders with 5 states viz; Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar, West Bengal, Sikkim.​
• India shares a borderline with Nepal of about 1752 Km.
• China shares its borders with four Indian states.
• ​They are Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh.
• Ladakh is now a separate union territory and not a part of Jammu and Kashmir.
• India shares 3488 Km of the border with China.
• India shares its borders with three Indian states with Pakistan.
• India shares a borderline with Pakistan of about 3310 Km.
• They are Gujarat, Punjab, Rajasthan.
• And Jammu Kashmir and Ladakh also share a border but it is a UT.
• India shares its borders with four Indian states with Bhutan.
• They are Sikkim, West Bengal, Arunachal Pradesh, and Assam.
• Myanmar shares its borders with four Indian states.
• They are Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Manipur, and Mizoram.

Confusion Points

• China and Pakistan share boundaries with a total of 5 (State + UT).
• Here in the question, the union territories are not being considered.
• China: Himachal Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Sikkim, and Arunachal Pradesh. (States)
• ​Ladakh ​(Union Territory)
• ​Pakistan: Gujarat, Punjab, Rajasthan. (State)
• ​ Jammu Kashmir and Ladakh ​(Union Territory)

 

• Bangladesh is bordered by the Indian states of West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram.
• India has the longest international boundary with Bangladesh as it shares a borderline of about 4096.7 Km.

The correct answer is Tennis.

Key Points

• Rogers Cup is associated with Tennis.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Andhra Pradesh.

Key Points

• The Kuchipudi dance originated in Andhra Pradesh.
• It is one of the major forms of Indian classical dance.
• It originated in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh, a village called Kuchipudi.
• It is a dance-drama performance that has its roots in the ancient Hindu Sanskrit text of Natya Shastra.
• It evolved like all major classical dances of India as a religious art linked to travelling bards, temples, and spiritual beliefs.
• Mridangam, cymbals, veena, flute, and tambura are the traditional musical instruments in Kuchipudi.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Anjali Singh.

Key Points

• Wing Commander Anjali Singh has become India's first female military diplomat to be posted in any of the Indian missions abroad.
• She has joined the Indian Embassy in Russia as the Deputy Air Attaché**.**
• She is trained on MiG-29 fighter aircraft.
• Joined her new assignment on September 10, 2019.
• An air attaché is an Air Force officer who is part of a diplomatic mission.

The correct answer is Justice P Lakshmana Reddy.

Key Points

• Justice P Lakshmana Reddy has been appointed as the first Lokayukta of Andhra Pradesh on 15th Sep 2019**.**
• Justice P Lakshmana Reddy is a retired judge of the Andhra Pradesh High Court.
• He would serve in the office of Lokayukta for 5 years.

• Lokayukta is part of state government policy to provide transparent and corruption-free governance.
• Retired Supreme Court judge Pinaki Chandra Ghose was appointed as the first Lokpal of India.
• The Committee consists of Prime Minister, Chief justice of India or his nominee, Lok Sabha Speaker, Leader of Opposition and an eminent jurist nominated by the President of India.

Additional Information

• About Andhra Pradesh (as of June 2021): 
• ​It is bounded by the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Telangana, Odisha (Total 4).
• It is the seventh-largest state by area covering an area of 162,975 km².
• Tenth-most populous state.
• Capital: Amaravati (legislative), Visakhapatnam (Executive), and Kurnool (Judicial) Total 3.
• CM: Yeduguri Sandinti Jaganmohan Reddy.
• Governer: S. Abdul Nazeer
• State Flower: Water lilies
• State Animal: Blackbuck
• State Bird: Rose Ringed Parakeet
• State Tree: Neem Tree
• National Parks, Wildlife Sanctuary: Koundinya Wildlife Sanctuary, Mrugavani National Park, Nagarjuna Sagar-Srisailam Sanctuary, Coringa Wildlife Sanctuary, Telineelapuram, and Telukunchi Bird Sanctuaries.

The correct answer is Tomara Rajput.

Key Points

• Delhi became the capital of a kingdom for the first time under the Tomara Rajputs.
• Tomara Rajputs (8th Century - 12th Century):
• Anangapala was considered to be the founder of this dynasty.
• They were defeated by Chauhans in the middle of the twelfth century.
• The name of Anangpala is inscribed in the Iron Pillar of Delhi.

Important Points

• RAJPUT DYNASTIES:
• Tomaras Early 12th C-1165
• Ananga Pala 1130-1145
• Chauhans 1165-1192
• Prithviraj Chauhan 1175-1192

 

Additional Information

• Prithviraj Chauhan:
• ​Prithviraj Chauhan was the first independent ruler of the Chauhan dynasty.
• He used to worship Shakiambhari Mata, hence was called Shakambhari Chauhan.
• He got more fame in Ajmer, so they were also called Chauhans of Ajmer.
• He was born in Gujarat and died in Ajmer.
• He was born to Chahmana King Someshvara and Queen Kapuradevi.
• The memorials devoted to Prithviraj have been constructed in Ajmer and Delhi.
• Jalaluddin Khalji:
• Jalaluddin Khalji was the founder of the Khilji Dynasty and also the ruler of Delhi During 1290 - 1296.
• The Khilji dynasty ruled many parts of the Indian subcontinent between 1290 and 1320 and became the second dynasty to rule the Delhi Sultanate of India.
• He was murdered by Ala-ud-din Khilji, his son-in-law in 1296.
• Qutbuddin Aybak:
• ​Slave Dynasty or Ghulam Dynasty was founded by Qutub-ud-Din Aibak which ruled north India from 1206 to 1290.
• He was the slave of Muhammad Ghori and became the first sultan of the Delhi Sultanate.
• This dynasty is known as the Slave dynasty as three of the rulers i.e. Qutub-ud-Din Aibak, Iltutmish and Balban were slaves prior to coming into power.

The correct answer is  Aranea.

Key Points

• Aranea belongs to the phylum Arthropoda.
• Araneae is the order of Spider.
• It ranks seventh in the global diversity of animals and they are joint-legged animals.
• They are Eukaryotic organisms and have an open circulatory system.
• Kingdom: Animalia
• Phylum: Arthropoda
• Class: Arachnida
• Order: Araneae

​

Additional Information

• Characteristics of Arthropoda:​
• Bilaterally symmetrical.
• Triploblastic, metamerically segmented animals.
• With coelom which is reduced and modified.
• Their body is covered externally in a chitinous exoskeleton
• Their appendages are joined.
• Eg: Crabs, lobsters, shrimp, spiders, butterflies.
• Arthropoda is currently the largest phylum.

Calculation:

According to the question,

R purchased the article for = Rs. 100

B purchased the article from R = 100 × (150/100) = Rs. 150

C purchased the article from B = 150 × (130/100) = Rs. 195

D purchased the article from C = 195 × (115/100) = Rs. 224.25

∴ D purchased this article from C is Rs. 224.25.

Concept:

a^-1 = (1/a)

Calculation:

$\left(\frac{2}{5}\right)^{-1/2}\times\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^{1/2}$

$\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^{1/2}\times\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)^{1/2}$

$\left(\frac{5}{2}\right)$

Given: 

16.66% of 12.5% of 30% of 640

CONCEPT:

Follow the BODMAS rule to solve this question, as per the order is given below:

Calculation:

16.66% of 12.5% of (30% of 640)

⇒ 16.66% of 12.5% of (30 × 640/100)

⇒ 16.66% of (12.5% of 192)

⇒ 16.66% of (12.5 × 192/100)

⇒ 16.66% of 24

⇒ (1666/100)% of 24

⇒ (1666/100) × 24

⇒ 4 (approx)

Given:

6 times the share of P is equal to 4 times the share of Q and equal to 12 times the share of R.

Calculation:

According to the question

6P = 4Q = 12R = k

⇒ P = k/6

⇒ Q = k/4

⇒ R = k/12

Profit share of P, Q and R = k/6 : k/4 : k/12 = 12k/6 : 12k/4 : 12k/12 = 2 : 3 : 1

∴ The profit share of P, Q and R is 2 : 3 : 1.

 

The profit share of P, Q and R = 1/6 : 1/4 : 1/12 = 2 : 3 : 1

∴ The profit share of P, Q and R is 2 : 3 : 1

Formulae Used:

Average = Sum of all Quantities/Number of Quantities

Calculation:

60 =${31 + 42 + 66 + 73 + X \over 5}$

60 × 5 =  (212 + X) 

X = 300 - 212

X = 88

Calculating approximate values

$\sqrt{16} + 2$ = 4 + 2 = 6

$\sqrt{19} + 1$ = 5.35 (approx)

$\sqrt{18} + \sqrt{2}$ = 4.24 + 1.414 = 5.6 (approx)

Thus we get,

$\sqrt{16} + 2$ is the largest

Given:

 Ratio of juice and water in vessel 1 =  7 : 2

 Ratio of juice and water in vessel 2 =  11 : 7

Calculation:

Let both the vessels have ‘a’ litres of mixtures

Total quantity of juice = (7a/9 + 11a/18) = 25a/18

Total quantity of water = (2a/9 + 7a/18) = 11a/18

∴ Required ratio = 25a/18 ∶ 11a/18 = 25 : 11

Given:

Profit% on article = 30%

Selling price is reduced by Rs. 372

Formula Used:

Profit% = (Selling Price - Cost Price) × 100/Cost Price

Calculation:

Let the initial Cost Price be A

30% = (Selling Price - A) × 100/A

Selling Price = 1.3A

According to Question

New Cost Price = 0.9 A

40% = (New Selling Price - 0.9A) × 100/0.9A

New Selling Price = 1.26 A

Now as the selling price is reduced by Rs. 372

1.3A - 1.26 = 372

0.04A = 372

A = 372/0.04

A = 9300

∴ Initial Cost Price = Rs. 9300

Given:

 Time taken by A to complete work = 50

 Time taken by B to complete work = 80

 Time taken by C to complete work = 120

Calculation:

One day's work of A = Efficiency of A = 1/50

One day's work of B = Efficiency of B = 1/80

One day's work of C = Efficiency of C = 1/120

⇒ Efficiency ratio of A, B and C = 1/50 : 1/80 : 1/120

LCM of (50, 80 and 120) = 1200

 Efficiency ratio of A, B and C = {1200 × (1/50)} : {1200 × (1/80)} : {1200 × (1/120)}

= 24 : 15 : 10

Share of A and B together = [(24 + 15)/(24 + 15 + 10)] × 22050 = [39/49] × 22050

Share of A and B together  = Rs. 17550

Concept used:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

28 ÷ 7 + 3.5 × 3 × 2 + 8 – 7 – (4 × 8 + 8)

⇒ 28 ÷ 7 + 3.5 × 3 × 2 + 8 – 7 – (32 + 8)

⇒ 28 ÷ 7 + 3.5 × 3 × 2 + 8 – 7 – 40

⇒ 4 + 21 + 8 – 7 – 40

⇒ 33 – 7 – 40

⇒ 33 - 47 = -14

∴ The value of 28 ÷ 7 + 3.5 × 3 × 2 + 8 – 7 – (4 × 8 + 8) is -14.

Given:

Formula used:

Average = Sum of observations/Number of observations.

Calculation:

Average number = (2200 + 1800 + 2500 + 2700 + 2900 + 3200)/6

⇒ 15300/6 = 2550

∴ The average number of students appeared for a exam per day is 2550.

Formula used:

(a - b)² = a² + b² - 2ab

Calculation:

1.66 × 1.66 + 0.66 × 0.66 – 1.32 × 1.66

⇒ (1.66)² + (0.66)² - 2 × 0.66 × 1.66

⇒ (1.66 - 0.66)²

⇒ 1

∴ The value of 1.66 × 1.66 + 0.66 × 0.66 – 1.32 × 1.66 is 1.

Given: 

Distance between the X and Z = 432 km

Speed of the train = 72 km/hr

Formula used:

Time = Distance/Speed

Calculation:

⇒ Time taken to reached from X to Z = 432/72 = 6 hrs

⇒ Total time taken to reach from X to Z = 6 hr:45 min

∴ Required time when train reached place Z = 6:00 + (6 hr + 45 min) = 12:45 pm

Total number of B1 book = 180

Total number of B4 book = 210

⇒ Required percentage = (210 – 180)/180] × 100 = 16.66%

∴ Required percentage is 16.66%

Concept used:

The number is divisible by 16 if the last 4 digit is divisible by 16 or thousands digit is an even number and the last three digits are divisible by 8.

Calculation:

According to the question,

⇒ The number 98A89B is divisible by 8 if the last three-digit 89B is divisible by 8 and 89B is divisible by 8 if B = 6.

⇒ The number is divisible by 16 if A is an even number so A = 2, 4, 6 or 8.

A number will be divisible by 3 if sum of the number is also divisible by 3.

⇒ 9 + 8 + A + 8 + 9 + B = 9 + 8 + A + 8 + 9 + 6 = 40 + A

⇒ A = 2, 8 will satisfy the condition for divisibility by 3.

⇒ A + B = 2 + 6 = 8, A + B = 8 + 6 = 14

Since only 8 in the given options.

∴ A + B = 8

Total number of fans sold by companies C1 and C3 = 50 + 63 = 113

Total number of fans sold by companies C2 and C5 = 60 + 70 = 130

⇒ Required ratio = 113 : 130

∴ The required ratio is 113 : 130.

Given:

Radius of the cylinder (R) = 23 cm

Height of the cylinder (H) = 26 cm

Radius of the hemisphere (r) = 3.5 cm

Formula used:

Total surface area of the cylinder = 2πRH + 2 × 3 × 2πr2 + 2[πR2 - 3πr2]

Calculation:

Total surface area of the cylinder = 2πRH + 2 × 3 × 2πr2 + 2[πR2 - 3πr2]

Total surface area of the cylinder = 2π [RH + 6r2 + R2 – 3r2] = 2π [RH + 3r2 + R2]

= 2 × (22/7) [23 × 26 + 3 × 3.5 × 3.5 + 23 × 23]

= 2 × (22/7) [598 + 36.75 + 529]

= 2 × (22/7) × 1163.75

= 7315 cm2

∴  The total surface area of the remaining solid is 7315 cm2

Calculation:

Let principal be Rs. x

Amount = 2x

SI = 2x – x = x

Rate of interest = r

As we know,

SI = Prt/100

x = (x × r × 6)/100

r = 100/6 % = (50/3)%

∴ The value of ‘r’ is 50/3%.

Alternate Method

Amount after 6 years = SI + P = 2P

Then, SI for 6 years = P

 P × R × 6/100 = P

R = 100/6 = 50/3 %

∴ The value of ‘r’ is 50/3%.

Shortcut Trick

Let the Principal be 100%.

SI will be after 6 years = 100%.

In 6 years total interest rate = 100%

In 1 year interest rate = 100/6 = (50/3)%

Given:

The radius of the circle = 21 cm

The ratio of base and height of the right-angled triangle formed = 3 : 4

Formulae Used:

In a right-angled triangle,

(Hypotenuse)2 = (Base)2 + (Height)2

The perimeter of the circle = 2πr, where r is the radius of the circle

Calculation:

Let the base and height of the given right angle triangle be 3x and 4x.

⇒ Hypotenuse = √{(3x)2 + (4x)2} = 5x

Radius of circle = r = 21 cm

According to the question,

The perimeter of circle = Perimeter of right angle triangle

⇒ 2πr = 3x + 4x + 5x

⇒ 2 × (22/7) × 21 = 12x

⇒ x = 11

∴ Hypotenuse of right-angle triangle = 5x = 5 × 11 = 55 cm

Formula used:

Distance = Speed × Time

Time = Distance/Speed

Calculation:

Distance covered by first runner in 2 hrs = 2 × 7 = 14 km

Time taken to overtake first runner by second runner = 14/(14 – 7) = 14/7 = 2 hrs

Required time = 8:00 + 2 hr = 10:00 am

∴ Required time is 10 am.

• 'नाम फैलाना' इस मुहावरे का अर्थ 'मशहूर होना' होता है। अतः विकल्प 4 सही है।
• क्रिकेट के क्षेत्र में विराट कोहली ने बहुत नाम फैलाया है।

Key Points

• ऐसे वाक्यांश, जो सामान्य अर्थ का बोध न कराकर किसी विलक्षण अर्थ की प्रतीति कराये, मुहावरा कहलाता है।
• चौकन्ना होना - सावधान होना।
• शेर की दहाड़ सुनकर हिरण चौकन्ने हो गये।
• उत्सुक होना - किसी विषय में रुचि लेना।
• आजकल के युवा पढाई के प्रति उत्सुक हो गये।
• बहुत प्यार करना - किसी के प्रति लगाव होना।
• आजकल के शिक्षक छात्रो से बहुत प्यार करते है।

• रमेश ने घर का काम ख़त्म किया और खेलने लगा। इस वाक्य में दो क्रियाओं का बोध हो रहा है,
• तथा 'और' शब्द योजक के रूप में प्रयुक्त हुआ है। इसलिये 'संयुक्त वाक्य' सही विकल्प होगा।

Key Points

<br>

Additional Information

• ऐसे वाक्य जिनमें आदेश, आज्ञा या अनुमति का पता चले या बोध हो, वे आज्ञावाचक वाक्य कहलाते हैं।
• जैसे : वहाँ जाकर बैठिये।

• यथाशक्ति शब्द 'अव्ययीभाव समास' का उदाहरण है।
• क्योंकि इस शब्द में यथा शब्द एक अव्यय है, तथा पूर्वपद की प्रधानता का भाव प्रदर्शित हो रहा है।
• अव्ययीभाव समास में पहला या पूर्वपद अव्यय होता है और उसका अर्थ प्रधान होता है।
• अव्यय के संयोग से समस्तपद भी अव्यय बन जाता है। इसमें पूर्वपद प्रधान होता है।
• जैसे : यथाशक्ति, प्रतिदिन।

Key Points

• ये _______ मीठे नहीं हैं। यहाँ पर उचित शब्द 'बेर' होगा।
• क्योंकि बेर खाने योग्य फल है, अन्य सभी अखाद्य विकल्प है। इसलिये 'बेर' सही विकल्प होगा।
• बेर यानी खाने का एक फल।

Key Points

     अन्य विकल्प का विश्लेषण :

• दिए गये विकल्पों में से विकल्प 3 सही है, क्योंकि यह (:-) आदेश चिन्ह का उदाहरण है।

विवरण या आदेश चिह्न ( :- )- वाक्य या वाक्यांश में किसी वस्तु या विषय आदि की सूची, निर्देश आदि का विवरण देना होता है तो इस चिन्ह का प्रयोग किया ज���ता है।

जैसे-

• दैनिक वस्तुओं की सूची:- आटा, दाल, चावल, नमक आदि।
• हाईस्कूल में छह विषय होते हैं, जैसे:- हिन्दी, अंग्रेजी, गणित, सामाजिक विज्ञान, विज्ञान, कला आदि।

Key Points

लोप चिह्न (...)- जब किसी वाक्य में कुछ पद छोड़ कर लिखने की आवश्यकता होती है तो इस चिन्ह का उपयोग किया जाता है।

जैसे-

• अब महत्वपूर्ण समय है..... जन लगा देंगे।
• कोई मुझे कुछ मत कहे, नहीं तो.....अच्छा नहीं होगा।
  

योजक चिह्न ( - )- दो शब्दो के परस्पर संबंध बताने या उन्हें एक दूसरे के पूरक बताने के लिए इस चिन्ह का उपयोग किया जाता है।

जैसे-

• दिन-रात सिर्फ बैठे रहने से कुछ नहीं होगा।
• रात-रात भर जाग कर मेहनत की है।
• सुबह-सुबह कौन इतना चिल्लाता है भाई?

किसी वाक्य में किसी खास शब्द पर जोर देने के लिए अवतरण या उद्धरण चिन्ह (' ') का प्रयोग किया जाता है।

 किसी और के द्वारा लिखे या कहे गए वाक्य या शब्दों को ज्यों-का-त्यों लिखने के लिए अवतरण चिह्न या उद्धरण चिन्ह (“ ”) का प्रयोग किया जाता है।

 जैसे-

• कबीर दास जी ने कहा है कि
• निंदक नियरे राखिए आंगन कुटी छवाय”

• दिए गये विकल्पों मे से कोविद का पर्यायवाची शब्द 'विद्वान' होगा।
• कोविद : मनीषी, पण्डित, सुविज्ञ, विद्वान, बुद्धिमान, सुधी, विशारद।

​

Key Points

• पर्यायवाची शब्द : जो शब्द समान अर्थ का बोध कराते है।
• पताका : केतन, परचम, ध्वज, झंडा, केतु।
• तुरंत : झटपट, फट, शीघ्र, अविलंब, चटचट, जल्‍दी, तुरन्‍त, तत्‍क्षण, तत्‍काल।
• बेरहम : निर्दय, निष्ठुर, दयाशून्य।

• वह अमेरिका जाने के सपने देख रहा है, इस वाक्य में 'वह' शब्द अन्य पुरुष का उदाहरण है।
• क्योंकि वह शब्द किसी तीसरे व्यक्ति के बारे में श्रोता को बता रहा है। इसलिये 'अन्य पुरुष' सही विकल्प है।

Key Points

• सर्वनाम का शाब्दिक अर्थ है-सबका नाम। अर्थात किसी संज्ञा के बारे में बोलने या बुलाने के लिए संज्ञा के स्थान पर प्रयुक्त होने वाले शब्द सर्वनाम कहलाते हैं।
• हिंदी व्याकरण में सर्वनाम के छः भेद होते हैं, जो निम्नलिखित हैं
• पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम
• निजवाचक सर्वनाम
• निश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम
• अनिश्चयवाचक सर्वनाम
• संबंधवाचक सर्वनाम
• प्रश्नवाचक सर्वनाम

Additional Information

• जिन शब्दों से व्यक्ति का बोध होता है उन्हें पुरुषवाचक सर्वनाम कहते हैं। इसका प्रयोग स्त्री और पुरुष दोनों के लिए किया जाता है।
• इसका प्रयोग व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञा की जगह पर किया जाता है।
• जैसे :- मैं  , वह , हम , आप , उन्हें आदि।
• पुरुष वाचक सर्वनाम के तीन भेद :

• वह दूर से बहुत दूर से आ रहे है। इस वाक्य में (, |) अल्पविराम और पूर्णविराम का प्रयोग हुआ है।
• अतः विकल्प 4 सही उत्तर होगा।

Key Points

• विराम चिन्ह – भाषा के लिखित रूप में विशेष स्थानों पर रुकने का संकेत करने वाले चिन्हों को विराम चिन्ह कहते हैं।

• हमने सदा तुम्हें अपना समझा _______ नहीं।
• इस वाक्य में रेखांकित अपना शब्द का विलोम शब्द पराया होता है।
• अतः 'पराया' सही विकल्प है।
• अपना का अर्थ स्वयं से सम्बन्धित होता है। जबकि पराया का अर्थ दूसरे से सम्बन्धित होता है।

Key Points

विलोम शब्द : जो उल्टा अर्थ हमें बताते है।

• ग्वालिन शब्द का पुल्लिंग 'ग्वाला' होता है। अतः 'ग्वाला' सही विकल्प है।
• ग्वाला का अर्थ दूध बेचने वाला व्यक्ति(पुरुष)।
• ग्वालिन का अर्थ दूध बेचने वाली महिला।

Key Points

• संज्ञा के जिस रूप में किसी व्यक्ति अथवा वस्तु में स्त्री या पुरुष जाति का बोध होता हैं उसे लिंग कहा जाता हैं।
• जिन संज्ञा के शब्दों से पुरुष जाति का पता चलता है, उसे पुल्लिंग कहते हैं।
• जैसे – पिता, राजा, घोड़ा, कुत्ता, आदमी, शिव।
• जिन संज्ञा शब्दों से स्त्री जाति का पता चलता है, उसे स्त्रीलिंग कहते हैं।
• जैसे - हंसिनी, लडकी, बकरी, माता, रानी, जूं, सुईं, गर्दन, लज्जा, नदी।

• अपने प्रिय व्यक्ति के स्वागत में हम _______ इस रिक्त स्थान पर उचित मुहावरा 'आँखे बिछा देना' होता है। अतः विकल्प 4 सही है।
• आँखे बिछा देना - प्रेमपूर्वक आदर करना।
• जब प्रधानमंत्री आए तो स्कूल में सबने आँखें बिछा दीं।

Key Points

• मुहावरे अरबी भाषा का शब्द है जिसका शाब्दिक अर्थ अभ्यास करना होता है।
• जो शब्द अपने साधारण अर्थ को छोड़ कर विशेष अर्थ को व्यक्त करते है हिंदी मे ऐसे वाक्यांश को मुहावरा कहा जाता हैं।

          अन्य विकल्पों का स्पष्टीकरण :

        बाल - बाल बच जाना - मुश्किल से प्राण बचना।

  जैसे :

• वाहन के टकराने के कारण भी श्याम बाल बाल बच ‌‌‌गया।

          रौनक कर देना - चमक दमक कर देना।

  जैसे :

• अम्बानी ने अपनी बेटी की शादी में रौनक कर दी थी।

         काम तमाम करना - मार डालना या अंत कर देना।

  जैसे: 

• सारे संसार के वैज्ञानिक और चिकित्सकों ने मिलकर कोरोना वायरस का काम तमाम करने की ठान ली है।

• 'खिचडी' देशज शब्द का उदाहरण है।
• खिचडी शब्द की व्युत्पत्ति क्षेत्रीय भाषाओ के प्रभाव से हुई है। अतः 'खिचडी' शब्द देशज शब्द है।
• अमीर, उम्र, अक्ल ये तीनो शब्द अरबी भाषा से लिए गये है। अतः इन्हें विदेशज शब्द की श्रेणी में गिना जाता है।

Key Points

• 'एक भाषा के विचारों को दूसरी भाषा में व्यक्त करना' - इस वाक्य के लिए सार्थक शब्द 'अनुवाद' है।
• किसी भाषा में कही या लिखी गयी बात का किसी दूसरी भाषा में सार्थक परिवर्तन अनुवाद कहलाता है।

Key Points

• अन्य विकल्पों का स्पष्टीकरण :
• अन्योदर - वह भाई जो अन्य माता से उत्पन्न हुआ हो।
• अनुवादक - अनुवाद करने वाला, भाषांतरकार।
• अनाहूत - अनिमंत्रित, बिनबुलाया।

• 'महादेवी वर्मा ने संस्मरण लिखे थे' - इस वाक्य में क्रिया की पूर्णता भूतकाल में हो चुकी है, इस बात की प्रतीति हो रही है।
• अतः 'पूर्ण भूतकाल' सही विकल्प होगा।

Key Points

• पूर्ण भूतकाल :- क्रिया के उस रूप को पूर्ण भूत कहते है, जिससे क्रिया की समाप्ति के समय का स्पष्ट बोध होता है कि क्रिया को समाप्त हुए काफी समय बीता
• दूसरे शब्दों में- क्रिया के जिस रूप से यह ज्ञात हो कि कार्य पहले ही पूरा हो चुका है, उसे पूर्ण भूतकाल कहते हैं।
• जैसे- उसने श्याम को मारा था।

Additional Information

• आवि: + कार शब्द में संधि का सही रूप 'आविष्कार' होगा। जो विसर्ग संधि का एक उदाहरण है।
• आवि: + कार = आविष्कार।
• जब विसर्ग से पहले इ, उ हो और विसर्ग का मेल क, ख, ट, ठ, प, फ से हो तो विसर्ग = ष् में बदल जाता है।
• निः + कपट = निष्कपट, दुः + फल = दुष्फल, धनुः + टंकार = धनुष्टंकार।

Key Points

• गाँधीजी ने स्वतंत्रता संघर्ष के लिए 'अहिंसा' का रास्ता चुना था।
• अतः गद्यांश अनुसार सही विकल्प 'अहिंसा' होगा।
• अहिंसा यानी शांतिपूर्वक किसी मुद्दे का हल ढूँढना।

Key Points

   विलोम शब्द : जो शब्द उल्टे अर्थ की प्रतीति कराये, उन्हें 'विलोम' शब्द कहा जाता है।

• महात्मा गांधी का जन्म 2 अक्टूबर 1869 को हुआ था।
• अतः गद्यांश अनुसार सही विकल्प 2 अक्टूबर 1869 है।
• महात्मा गांधी का जन्म ... इस वाक्य में 'का' सम्बन्ध कारक का चिन्ह है।

Key Points

• कारक- संज्ञा या सर्वनाम का क्रिया से सम्बन्ध जिस रूप से जाना जाता है, उसे कारक कहते हैं।
• हिंदी में जिनकी संख्या आठ मानी गई है। जो निम्नलिखित हैं:-

• गद्यांश अनुसार गांधीजी ने आन्दोलन की शुरुआत 'अहिंसा, सत्य और शांति' के बलबूते पर की थी।
• अतः विकल्प 1 सही उत्तर है।

Key Points

• गाँधीजी ने आन्दोलन की शुरुआत 'अहिंसा, सत्य और शांति के बलबूते पर की थी।
• इस वाक्य में कर्ता और क्रिया एक होने से सरल वाक्य का उदाहरण है।

• उपर्युक्त गद्यांश का उपयुक्त शीर्षक महात्मा गांधी - 'मेरा धर्म सत्य और अहिंसा' होगा।
• अतः गद्यांश में समुचित रूप से गाँधीजी ने जो सत्य और अहिंसा की बाते की थी।
• उनका जिक्र होने से महात्मा गांधी - 'मेरा धर्म सत्य और अहिंसा' उपयुक्त शीर्षक है।

Key Points

• महात्मा गांधी - 'मेरा धर्म सत्य और अहिंसा' इस शीर्षक में सत्य और अहिंसा को जोड़ा जा रहा है, इसलिए यह वाक्य में 'और'  ‘समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय’ का उदाहरण है।
• जहाँ पर तब, और, वरना, किन्तु, परन्तु , इसीलिए, ये सब, ताकि, क्योंकि, या, अथवा, एवं, तथा, अन्यथा आदि शब्द जुड़ते हैं वहाँ पर समुच्चयबोधक अव्यय होता है।

Additional Information

• महात्मा गांधी की समाधि स्थल का नाम 'राजघाट' है। गद्यांश अनुसार विकल्प 2 सही है।

Key Points

• अन्य विकल्पों का विश्लेषण :
• विजय घाट - लाल बहादुर शास्त्रीजी का समाधि स्थल।
• शक्ति स्थल - श्रीमती इंदिरा गांधीजी का समाधि स्थल।
• ​शांतिवन - जवाहरलाल नेहरु जी का समाधि स्थल।

Additional Information

• महात्मा गांधी के समाधि स्थल का नाम क्या है? यह वाक्य प्रश्नवाचक प्रकार का है।
• अर्थ के आधार पर वाक्य के आठ भेद हैं – विधानवाचक, निषेधवाचक, आज्ञावाचक, विस्मयवाचक, संकेतवाचक, संदेहवाचक, प्रश्नवाचक तथा इच्छावाचक।

The correct answer is 'to keep at a distance'.

Key Points

• 'At an arm's length' is an idiomatic phrase that means to avoid being very close to or friendly with someone or something.( किसी के बहुत करीब या किसी के साथ मैत्रीपूर्ण होने से बचना)
• Example: They no longer trust her and are keeping her at arm's length.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, we can say that the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is 'No error'.

Key Points

• There is no error in the given statement.
• In Part A of the sentence, an article 'a' is used before the adjective 'greedy' which is describing the noun 'person' which is correct.
• In Part B of the sentence the usage of verb 'is' is according to the subject i.e. 'person' which is singular and therefore correct.
• In Part C of the sentence the verb of the sentence 'possessed' is joined with 'devil' with a preposition 'by' which is correct as preposition 'by' is used to show the agent of something.
• Thus, there is no error in any part of the sentence.
• Therefore the correct answer is option 1.

Additional Information

• Article: Article is a part of speech which is used to express a noun specific or unspecific.
• Indefinite Article: 'A' and 'An' are used as indefinite articles and are used to point to an unspecific noun i.e. it defines a noun which is representing a general idea. Article 'A' is used with a noun having a consonant sound whereas 'An' is used with a noun having vowel sound.
• Example:
• An umbrella.
• A tree.
• Definite Article: 'The' is used as a definite article and is used to point to a specific noun i.e. it defines a noun that is representing a specific or particular. It can be used with both singular and plural nouns.
• Example: This is the lake that is listed in Ramsar sites.
• Adjective: Adjectives are part of speech that is used to describe a noun or pronoun.
• Example: blue room.
• Preposition: Preposition is a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause.
• Subject-verb agreement: It states that if the subject is singular then the verb will be singular and if the subject is plural then the verb is plural.

The correct answer is 'At the last possible moment'.

Key Points

• 'At the eleventh hour' is an idiomatic phrase that means the last possible moment for doing something. (कुछ करने का अंतिम संभव क्षण)
• Example: We only received the signatures at the eleventh hour.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, we can say that the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is 'connection'.

Key Points

• Here, In the given sentence, 'their' is a possessive adjective.
• Possessive Adjective: A possessive adjective sits before a noun (or a pronoun) to show who or what owns it. They are my, your, his, her, its, our, their, and whose.
• Thus, 'their' will be succeeded by a noun, and out of all the options the noun is mentioned in option 1 i.e. 'connection'.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: She was their connection to the outside world for almost two years.

The correct answer is 'Would'.

Key Points

• Modal verb:  A modal is a helping verb that is usually used with another verb to express ideas such as possibility, necessity and permission.
• To make polite requests and offers model verb 'would' is used in the sentence.
• Example:
• Hi, I would like the crab cakes.
• Would you mind passing the jelly?
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, it is clear that 'would' will be used in the blank.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Would you like some tea?'

The correct answer is 'Acquire'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the options:
• Akquire: There is no such word in English or we can say there is some mistake in the spelling of the given option.
• Acquire: It is correctly spelt and it means to get or buy something
• Example: He acquired the firm in 2008.
• Equire: There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some mistake in the spelling of the given option.
• Ackuire: There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some mistake in the spelling of the given option.
• Thus, we can say that the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is 'RPSQ'.

Key Points

• Statement R will be the first in sequence as it is introducing the subject of the sentence i.e. 'Shiamik'.
• Statement P will follow Statement R as it states the quality of the subject.
• Statement S will follow statement P as it states another quality and connects the quality i.e. mentioned in the statement P with the conjunction 'and'.
• Statement Q will be the last part.

Therefore, the correct sequence is: RPSQ

• Sequence:
• R: shiamik is
• P: an innovative
• S: and popular
• Q: dance choreographer

The correct answer is 'Alertness'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the meaning of the given word and the marked word:
• Awareness: knowledge and understanding of a particular activity, subject, etc. (जागरूकता)
• Example:  Recent campaigns have led to a dramatic increase in awareness of environmental issues.
• Alertness: the state of being ready to see, understand, and act in a particular situation
• Example: I think a short nap works better than coffee to restore mental alertness. (चौकसी)
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, we can say that both 'Alertness' and 'Awareness' are synonyms to each other.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information

• Let's explore the meaning of the other given option:

The correct answer is 'knows what really happened' 

Key Points

• The error lies in the incorrect usage of the verb 'knows'.
• 'Knows' needs to be replaced with 'know'.
• The subject of the sentence i.e. 'they' is plural and therefore, will require a plural verb i.e. 'know', according to subject-verb agreement.
• Thus, the correct answer is option 1.

Therefore, the correct answer is: 'How amused everyone would be if they know what really happened.'

Additional Information

• Subject-verb agreement: It states that if the subject is singular then the verb will be singular and if the subject is plural then the verb will also be plural.
• Example: 
• He is going to Mumbai.
• They are going to Mumbai.

The correct answer is 'QPSR'.

Key Points

• Statement Q will be the first in sequence as it is introducing the subject of the sentence i.e. 'Poet'.
• Statement P will follow Statement Q as it states the reason of regret of the poet.
• Statement S will follow statement P as it describes the type of log that was thrown by the poet.
• Statement R will be the last part.

Therefore, the correct sequence is: QPSR

• Sequence:
• Q: the poet regrets
• P: throwing a log
• S: of wood at the
• R: withdrawing snake

The correct answer is 'Cemetery'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the given options:
• Cematery: There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some mistake in the spelling of the given option.
• Semetary: There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some mistake in the spelling of the given option.
• Cemetery:  It is correctly spelt and it means an area of ground in which dead bodies are buried. 
• Example: His father is buried in the cemetery on the hill.
• Cemetary: There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some mistake in the spelling of the given option.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, we can say that the correct answer is option 3.

The correct answer is 'Pleasant'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the meaning of the given option and the marked option:
• Grim: worried and serious or sad
• Example: Her face was grim as she told them the bad news.
• Pleasant: enjoyable, attractive, friendly, or easy to like.
• Example: Harold did his best to be pleasant to the old man.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, we can say that 'Pleasant' is opposite in meaning to the given word 'Grim'.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 4.

Additional Information 

• Let's explore the other given option:

The correct answer is 'are'.

Key Points

• The error lies in the incorrect usage of the auxiliary verb 'is'.
• 'Is' needs to be replaced with 'are'.
• Here, in the sentence the subject i.e. 'Madhubani paintings' is plural, therefore, it will be succeeded by a plural verb i.e. 'are', according to subject-verb agreement.

Therefore, the correct sentence is: 'Madhubani paintings are popular all over India.'

Additional Information

• Subject-verb agreement: It states that if the subject is singular then it will be succeeded by a singular verb and if the subject is plural then it will be succeeded by a plural verb. 
• Example:
• He is planning a trip to Lakshadweep.
• They are planning a trip to Lakshadweep.
• Auxiliary verb: Auxiliary verb is a verb used in forming the tenses, moods, and voices of other verbs such as 'is/are', 'has/have', etc.

The correct answer is 'entered'.

Key Points

• The error lies in the incorrect usage of the present participle 'entering'.
• 'Entering' needs to be replaced with 'Entered'.
• The auxiliary verb 'had' is succeeded by the past participle of the verb i.e. the third form of the verb.
• This, the correct answer is option 3.

Therefore, the correct sentence is 'Never before had we entered the Principal's office.'

Additional Information 

• Auxiliary verb: A verb used in forming the tenses, moods, and voices of other verbs such as 'is/are', 'has/have', etc.
• Present participle: Present participle is the form of a verb, ending in -ing in English, which is used in forming continuous tenses.
• Past participle: A past participle is formed from a verb and modifies a noun, noun phrase, verb, or verb phrase. A past participle most often ends in –ed. Because it is used to express actions that have already happened, it takes the past tense form.

The correct answer is 'Introvert'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the meaning of the marked word.
• Introvert: a person who prefers calm environments, limits social engagement, or embraces a greater than average preference for solitude.
• Example: The music students here are a very introvert lot.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, we can say that the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information

• Let's explore the meaning of the other options:

The correct answer is 'Many have been fostered by their upbringing and environment.'

Key Points

• Let's refer to the following lines of the passage:
• The most familiar saying about leadership is that 'leaders are born not made'. Like all cliches, there is some truth in it, although, it cannot be taken literally. There are many successful leaders around who demonstrated their abilities at an early age and have never looked back since. They have natural talents and although, they may not have actually been born with them, these talents have been fostered by their upbringing and experiences at school, university or in the armed forces.
• Thus, from above we can say that the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is 'Charisma, inspirational qualities and ways of handling people'.

Key Points

• let's refer to the following lines of the passage:
• Their charisma, inspirational qualities and ways of handling people combine to produce a person about whom everyone says he's a natural leader.
• Thus, from above we can refer that the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is 'Through their own experience'.

Key Points

• Let's refer to the following lines of the passage:
• Effective leaders start with same natural talents and then they build on them. They are good at observing how to do it and how not to do it. They learn from their experience and they keep on learning.
• Thus, from above we can refer that the correct answer is option 2.

The correct answer is 'Being able to achieve goals with the help of people.'

Key Points

• Let's refer to the following lines in the passage.
• Leadership is getting things done through people. Leadership is required because someone has to point the way and that the same person has to ensure that everyone concerned gets there.
• Thus, from above, we can refer that the correct answer is option 4.

The correct answer is 'Familiar'.

Key Points

• Let's explore the meaning of the given word and the marked word.
• Well known: known by a lot of people
• Example: It’s a well-known fact that smoking can cause lung cancer.
• Familiar:  well known from long or close association.
• Example: The signs of drug addiction are familiar to most doctors.
• Thus, from the above-given explanation, it is clear that both 'Familiar' and 'Well known' are synonyms to each other.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 2**.**

Additional Information

• Let's explore the meaning of the other given options:

Key Points

• Thinking tools are instruments that are designed to enhance different aspects of thinking in individuals for crucial cognitive development.
• It helps individuals to generate and use innovative ideas more systemically and effectively.
• A Thinking Tool is an instrument that can help us in using our minds systematically and effectively.
• With the use of thinking tools, the intended ideas will be arranged more systematically, clearly, and easy to be understood.

Important Points

The four main tools of thinking are :

1. Mind maps
2. CoRT
3. Concepts
4. Questioning

Concept: 

• They are general ideas that we use to identify and organize our experiences.
• Words are the vocabulary of language; Concepts are the vocabulary of thought.

Structure of Concepts:

• Sign – word/symbol that names the concept.
• Reference – examples of the concept
• Properties – qualities that all examples of the concept share in common.

​​Cognitive Research Trust (CoRT)

• It is a tool to assess the implementation of higher-order thinking skills in the teaching-learning process.
• It is designed to enhance different aspects of thinking in students for crucial cognitive development.

Mind maps

• Mind maps are diagrams that visually organize information. It was developed by Tony Buzan.
• It makes both the left and right brain work and thinks.
• The information is organized on the mind map in order of the importance of concepts.
• Some of the applications of mind mapping are note-taking, brainstorming sessions, studying, etc.

Hence, we conclude that all the above points are thinking tools.

World Health Organization has defined life skills as, "the abilities for adaptive and positive behavior that enable individuals to deal effectively with the demands and challenges of everyday life".

Important Points

There are many such skills, but core life skills include the ability to The Ten core Life Skills as laid down by WHO are:

• Communication
• Interpersonal skills
• Empathy
• Self-Awareness
• Problem-Solving
• Decision Making
• Creativity
• Critical Thinking
• Coping with Stress
• Coping with Emotion
  

Additional Information

There are ten core skills that are broadly divided into three general categories i.e. Thinking skills, Social skills, and Emotional skills.

• Thinking Skills:
• ​Creative thinking: Creative thinking helps us respond adaptively and flexibly in our everyday life situations. It is about looking beyond our direct experience, exploring available alternatives, and the various consequences of our actions or non-action. Creative thinking is a novel way of seeking to do things that is characteristic of four components- fluency, flexibility, originality, and elaboration.
• Critical thinking: It enables us to analyze information and experience objectively and assess the factors that influence the way we think and act.
• Decision making: It helps us to deal constructively with decisions about our lives.
• Problem-solving: These skills empower us not only to control our problems but can turn them into opportunities.
• Social Skills:
• ​Self Awareness: It is the ability to understand our strengths, weaknesses, values, outlook character, our needs, desires, aspirations, ourselves, feelings e.g. I like myself even though I am imperfect.
• Effective communication: It is the ability to express, both verbally and nonverbally, in ways that are culturally acceptable.
• Interpersonal relationship skills: It helps relate with people in a positive way. It also means being able to make and maintain friendly relationships, which can be of great importance to our mental and social well-being. It may also mean being able to end relationships constructively.
• Empathy is the ability to be sensitive to another person’s solution, as in the case of AIDS sufferers, or people with mental illnesses, who may be stigmatized and ostracized by the very people they depend upon for support.
• Emotional Skills:
• ​Coping with emotions: It involves recognizing emotions within us and others, being aware of how emotions influence behavior, and being able to respond to emotions appropriately.
• Coping with stress: It means recognizing the sources of stress in our lives, recognizing how this affects us, and acting in ways that help us control our levels of stress, by changing our environment or lifestyle and learning how to relax.

Hence, there are 10 core Life skills.

Conditioning is the process of modifying one’s behaviour with the help of some preparation or training.

Key Points

Operant conditioning:

• It is based on reinforcement and punishment.
• For example, parents reinforce their kid to study well, and if he does not, he is punished or else he is offered a bicycle.
• Both reinforcement and punishment are of two types: Positive and Negative

Types of Reinforcement: In operant conditioning, two kinds of reinforcements have been described - positive reinforcement and negative reinforcement.

Positive reinforcement is the presentation of a stimulus that, when added to a situation, increases the probability of a response to occur. For example, praise, rewards, tokens, etc. 

• Positive verbal reinforcement: Following a pupil’s answer, the teacher verbally indicates pleasures at the pupil’s response by the use of words like ‘Good’, ‘Fair’, ‘Excellent’, ‘Correct’, etc.
• Positive non-verbal reinforcement: It includes Nods and smiles, Teacher’s friendly movements towards pupils, Teacher’s friendly look, Teacher writing student’s response on the blackboard.

Important Points

Negative reinforcement: which is the termination of an unpleasant stimulus (aversive stimulus - such as inconvenient environment, isolation, etc.) that, when taken away from a situation, also increases the probability of a response to occur. 

• Negative Verbal- This includes comments like ‘No’, ‘Wrong’, ‘No good’, ‘poor’, ‘of course not’, etc.
• Negative Non-Verbal- This comprises gestures like sneering, frowning, expression of annoyance, impatience, etc. Non-verbal negative reinforcement refers to strengthening acceptable responses or behaviour.

Additional Information

Punishment: 

• on the other hand, is the presentation of an unpleasant stimulus (such as reprimand), that decreases the probability that a response will occur.
• Another form of punishment attempts to decrease behaviour by taking away a pleasant or reinforcing stimulus.
• This type of punishment is commonly used by teachers when they remove students from class activities or even the class until students are ready to demonstrate proper behaviour.

Hence, we conclude that all the above points are non-verbal negative reinforcements except nods and smiles.

Colonialism is the practice of ruling or controlling another nation by the dominant nation.

Key Points

The main purpose behind this decision was to make India a major market for British goods and raw materials.

• With the impact of colonialism, foreign goods were given free entry in India.
• It was for the extraction of economic benefits from the colony.
• The global expansion of British colonialism between the 18th and the 19th centuries is different in several important ways from the expansionism and colonialism of previous centuries.
• British colonialism continued to grow steadily in the 18th and 19th centuries.
• Along with the rise of the Industrial Revolution, there was a shift in the strategy of trade with the colonial world.
• Instead of being primarily buyers of colonial products as in the past, the industrializing nations increasingly became sellers in search of markets for the growing volume of their machine-produced goods.
• Spices, sugar, and slaves became relatively less important with the advancement of industrialization, and rising demand for raw materials for industry (e.g., cotton, wool, vegetable oils, jute) and food for the swelling industrial areas (wheat, tea, coffee, cocoa, meat, butter).
• Raw cotton for the textile in Britain during the industrial revolution needed to be imported from the colony at a cheap rate and sell the finished product in the colonial world at a high margin.

Hence, we can conclude that with the impact of colonialism, foreign goods were given free entry in India.

The word education comes from the Latin word "Educare" which means to mold or to train.

• It is more concerned with the upbringing of a child to give him knowledge, skills, morals, values, by enriching his personality and by helping him in holistic development.
• Education is a lifelong process that modifies the behaviour and personality of an individual.

Key Points

Functions of education in every society:

• In every country, the main objective of education is to develop such an educational system that provides opportunities to develop talents and skills which are needed throughout their life, to its citizens.
• The highest function of education is to bring about an integrated individual who is capable of dealing with life as a whole.
• Its other function is to create new rules by altering the old rules which were promoting the orthodox thinking of the society.
• The right kind of education consists in understanding the child as he is without imposing upon him being an ideal of what we think he should be.
• Unify people in an organized unit.
• Socialize the members of society and transmit the culture to the next generation
• Help to acquire quality personality traits.
• Create a sense of solidarity among individuals.
• Develop the innate potentialities of an individual.
• Fulfills society's needs pertaining to human resources.
• Transmit belief, norms, culture to the next generation.

Hence, we conclude that both the points are performed by education in every society.

Education is the process of human development.

Key Points

• Thinking is the mental process of manipulating information to draw a conclusion or to generate ideas.
• Intellectual or mental development is possible by improving the power of thinking. For improving the thinking process, the teacher should try to understand his students and the devices for better thinking.
• Teaching and instructions are planned and organized for improving the power of thinking.

Important Points 

The following are the devices or techniques used for improving the power of thinking. 

1. Mind mapping
2. Picture reading
3. Models of teaching
4. Open-ended questions
5. Curriculum development
6. Evaluation and diagnosis
7. Problem-solving activities
8. Remedial teaching and instruction

Hence, we conclude that all the above points can be used for improving the power of thinking.

Education is not merely acquiring knowledge, gathering and correlating facts, it is to see the significance of life as a whole. But the whole cannot be approached through the part.

Important Points

• Education is not merely confined to an institution to achieve certain goals rather it is a lifelong process that modifies the behavior and personality of an individual.
• The function of education is to create human beings who are integrated and therefore intelligent.
• Here, intelligence is not about degrees and certificates rather it is about the ability of a person to reason and think to solve a problem/task.
• Education seeks to develop the innate potentialities of an individual in a nourishing environment and includes all the experiences an individual receives throughout life.
• We may take degrees and be mechanically efficient without being intelligent.
• Intelligence is not mere information, it is not derived from books, nor does it consist of clever self-defensive responses and aggressive assertions.
• One who has not studied may be more intelligent than the learned.
• We have made examinations and degrees the criterion of intelligence and have developed cunning minds that avoid vital human issues.
• Intelligence is the capacity to perceive the essential, the what is; and to awaken this capacity, in oneself and others, is education.

Hence, we conclude that the function of education is to create human beings who are integrated and therefore they are intelligent.

As we know, community helps continue and furtherance social values, cultures, traditions, religions, faith, and language.

Key Points

• In addition to that, it also helps in promoting education. as it is the overall context in which children live and learn and apply what we have taught to them.
• Community includes the parents, guardians of our students, other members of families, neighbors, and others who live near the school.

Important Points

• According to Delor Commission (1996) – the main parties contributing to the success of educational reforms are first of all the local community (A local community is a group of people living in a common area, sharing common norms, religions, values, and customs.) including parents, the school head, and teachers.
• Educational reform is a phenomenon whereby several plans and movements are executed to bring major improvements to the existing education system
• The countries where educational reforms have been successful are those where parents, teachers, and local communities show determined and sustained commitments backed up by continued dialogue and technical and financial assistance.
• It is obvious that the local community plays a very paramount role in any successful reform strategy**.**
• The government is not a part of the local community as it is a public authority for the effective governance of the organized community, state, or country.

Hence, we conclude that the Government is not part of local communities.

Teaching the learners in their native language leads to better academic performance and makes learning easy in the natural environment.

Key Points

• It develops self-confidence and self-esteem in the child and makes them feel a sense of belongingness.
• Primary education is primarily language education and language is not merely a component of culture, but also the carrier of culture.
• Therefore, home language assumes importance in understanding the cultural background of the learning child.
• Emphasis should be given to the use of mother tongue as the school language.

Important Points

The non-use of the child's native language will cause many problems, which are as follows:

• Alienation
• Non-participation
• Large scale dropout
• Lack of self-confidence
• Dependency on the teacher
• Limited learning environment

Hence, we conclude that the non-use of a child’s native language capabilities resulted in alienation, non-participation, discontinuation, and large-scale dropout from the school system.

Growth and Development: 

• ‘Growth’, which refers to an increase in weight, height (length), and changes in body proportions. Growth takes place in the physical aspect only. It refers to quantitative changes e.g. it is possible to measure how tall a child has grown over a specific period of time.
• The term ‘development’ refers to qualitative changes in an individual such as a change in personality or other mental and emotional aspects. However, very often growth and development are used interchangeably.

Key Points

Growth and Development Follows:-

• Principle of Continuity: Development follows the principle of continuity which starts with conception and ends with death. It is a never-ending process in life.
• Principle of Individual Differences: It says that every individual is unique in himself/herself as the heredity and environmental factors make him/her different from others.
• Principle of Generality to Specificity:  The development process starts with general responses shown by the child as s/he passes through the later stages s/ he starts exhibiting specific behaviours.
• Principle of Interrelation: The development of an individual is reflected through the balanced interrelation of all the aspects of life. Development in any aspect affects the other aspect also.
• Principle of Interaction: The principle of interaction suggests that an individual is the product of heredity and environment. In other words, the interaction takes place within and outside forces of the child.
• Principle of Differentiation in Rate: Differentiation in the rate indicates that individuals differ in the rate of development. There is a difference in the rate of development in girls and boys like girls grow faster than boys at the early stage of development.
• Principle of Integration: The principle of Integration refers to the integration of various aspects of development like physical, mental, emotional, social and moral.
• Principle of Predictability: Development is predictable i.e. with the help of the uniformity of the pattern and sequence of development, we can predict the behaviour to a great extent of a child in one or more aspects in a particular stage of her/his growth and development.
• Principle of Sequentiality: It states that every individual although exhibit difference in change, follow the same sequence of change.
• The Cephalocaudal tendency exhibits that the development proceeds in the longitudinal direction i.e. from head to foot. That is the reason why the child first gains control overhead before s/he starts walking.
• Proximodistal tendency proceeds from near to the distant and from parts of the body near the centre develop first then the extremities. Therefore the child in the earlier stage of development exercises on the fundamental muscles rather than the smaller muscles or fine motor skills.

Hence, from the above-mentioned points, it becomes clear that the given points II, III and IV are related to Growth and Development.

A community is a group of people living in a particular area, sharing common norms, religions, values, and customs. Community is a valuable teaching-learning resource and has a maximum scope of social development of the learner.

Key Points

• Community participation was regarded as a fundamental requirement for improving the entire education system and creating an appropriate framework for accountability at each level of administration.
• The shift took place from community development to community participation or empowering the people or the grass root democracy.
• It was emphasized in policy documents that the people need to have power in the decision-making process.
• The community should be involved in the activities of schools, in the planning of school education at village/ward, block, and district level.

 

The community can be involved in different ways:

• Participation in the surveys for out of school children, awareness building campaigns on the issue of child labour, enrolment drives
• Participation in the school mapping exercise, location of the school, availability of schooling infrastructures like building, classrooms, toilets and drinking water facility
• Involvement through the contribution of money, materials, and labour
• Involvement through ‘attendance’ (e.g. at parents’ meetings at school),
• Visiting schools to monitor hygiene and teaching/learning in the classroom, discuss pupil’s performance with teachers
• Involvement through consultation on a particular issue like how to improve the infrastructure or teaching methodology
• Participation in the delivery of a service, teaching when the teacher is absent or teaching vocational skills/ music to the students;
• Monitoring the attendance of children, regularity of teachers;
• Monitoring the incentives like free textbooks, uniform reach to the students,
• Monitoring the regularity and quality of mid-day meals.
• Providing facts and experiences of community people to students.
• Taking school to the community through field trips and survey methods.
• Inviting doctors, farmers, and others as the community's human resource in schools.

Hence, we conclude that both points can be ways for involving the community.

Creativity is the phenomenon whereby imaginative and original ideas are turned into reality. It relates to divergent thinking that refers to a way of solving problems by more than one approach.

Key Points

• Most of the children are born creative, but they gradually lose their creative potential, as they grow up.
• It is the environment that comprises parents, teachers, textbooks, examinations, the school climate, and influences creativity negatively rather than positively.
• This happens due to the conditioning of the mind rigidly and sensitively.

There are four main factors, also called the 4 P's of creativity, are identified by psychologists that influence creativity.

 

These important factors are as follows:

 

• Socialization is a process by which an individual becomes a member of society through a mechanism of interaction.
• Its purpose is to prepare individuals for future roles.
• Socialization is the process through which community transacts or educate their members about the norms and values of society.
• It is the act of internalizing the manners, culture, attitudes, and customs of the society to be socially acceptable.
• Socialization controls the teaching-learning process to achieve the personality development of every single child.

Hence, it becomes clear that Socialization is a process through which community transacts or educate their members about the norms and values of society.

Additional Information

 

• The legislative section of the Indian constitution is divided into three lists including union, state and concurrent list.
• In beginning, the Indian constitution had defined 'education' as a subject of state matter but in 1976, it was transferred to the concurrent list through the enactment of the 42nd amendment.

All three lists of the constitution:

 

Hence, we can say that Education was put on the concurrent list through the enactment of the 42nd amendment.