DSSSB NDMC PRT Official Paper (Held On: 26 Mar, 2022 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

The mirror image of the given figure is -

    

Hence, the correct answer is Option 4.

The figure in which the question figure is embedded is -

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Logic - Number : Number x nearest possible square root of that number(in whole number).

In 121:1331

Here 121 is square of 11.

So, multiply 121 x 11 = 1331

Similarly, the nearest possible square root of 141 in whole number is 12 having square value =144

Hence, multiply 141 x 12 =1692

Hence, the correct answer is 1692.

The symbol used in family tree are-

Now the family tree according to the question is-

Here, Seema is the sister of that person.

Hence, the correct answer is sister.

The positional value of alphabets are:-

Logic - Add 1 in each letter of word first to get the second word.

In BAD : CBE

B + 1 = C

A + 1 = B

D + 1 = E

Similarly, to get first word we have to - 1 in each letter of second word.

I - 1 = H

V - 1 = U

S - 1 = R

U - 1 = T

Hence, the correct answer is HURT.

The symbol used to draw family tree is given below-

The family tree of the given question is -

Here, E and D are from generation and E is son of D's uncle.

Hence E and D are cousin.

Hence, the correct answer is Cousin.

Hide, Secret and Cover are synonyms of each other whereas reveal is antonyms of all the three words.

Hence, the correct answer is Reveal.

The number of educated people which are employed are shown by coloured portion in the given venn diagram-

Here, the number of educated people which are employed is 6+3=9

Hence, the correct answer is 9.

The common among all the figure is all the three figures contain side and an internal line drawn which touch the side. But in option 2 there is no sides.

Hence, the correct answer is option2.

Conclusion I : All ministers are rich.❌

Here, it is not mention that all ministers are rich.

Conclusion II: The ministers have cars.✅

Here it is clearly mention in statement that all ministers have cars.

Conclusion III: The ministers visited a public function.✅

Here, it is also mention that ministers visited public function.

Hence, the correct answer is Only conclusions II and III follow.

We see that circle is common in figure i and ii. Now move in either clockwise or anti-clockwise direction by taking circle as common. We get-

 

 is opposite to 

 is opposite to 

By taking 

 and 

 common in figure i and iii, we find that

 is opposite to 

  

Symbols that appears at the bottom in figure (ii) is opposite of 

which is 

.

Hence, the correct answer is option2.

The logic is -

Take a similar blank figure as shown in figure 1.

Here, we have to take a blank figure having similar in shape and join them from the same side and then rotate the figure by 90° in clockwise direction.

 

Hence, the correct answer is option1.

All the given number is multiply of 6 and not a perfect square. But 64 is not a multiple of 6 as well as square of 8 also.

Hence, the correct answer is 64.

We use ink for writing and as per question ink is called needle.

Hence, the correct answer is Needle.

The answer figure from which the pieces given in the question figure have been cut is-

Hence, the correct answer is option2.

According to the statement -

We know that advertisement is published according to the interest of people. Here, advertisement is based on the interest of people who want to join civil services. 

Assumption I : People want training for civil services.✅

People shows interest to join classes for civil services.

Hence, the given assumption follows the statement.

Assumption II : People read advertisements.✅

The interest of coaching classes to publish advertisement for their popularity shows that people read advertisements.

Hence, the given assumption follows the statement.

Assumption III : People want quality training.✅

Definitely, quality training make a candidate to qualify civil services exam. 

Hence, the given assumption follows the statement.

Hence, the correct answer is all are implicit.

The positional value of alphabets are-

Logic - Add the positional value of both the letter.

In AZ : 26 + 1 =27

Similarly, the positional value of M is 13

and the positional value of N is 14, now add 13 and 14.

13 + 14 = 27

Hence, the correct answer is 27.

We know that Lion is a carnivorous animal and eat meat and flesh of goat and other animals. In the same way goat is a herbivorous animal and eat grass.

Hence, the correct answer is Grass.

Option1:- aabc

After filling the blanks by the letter given in the option, we get

dda / aaa / bbb / ccc

We see that no particular pattern is follow.

Hence, the given option is incorrect.

Option2:- dabc

After filling the blanks by the letter given in the option, we get

ddd / aaa / bbb / ccc

We see that a particular letter is repeated 3 times.

Hence, the given option is correct.

Hence, the correct answer is dabc.

Let the number of heads of keepers is x.

So, the total number of heads are 50 + 45 + 8 + x = 103 + X

and the total number of legs are

= (50 x 2) + (45 x 4) + (8 x 4) + (X x 2)

= 100 + 180 +32 + 2X

= 312 + 2X

As per question,

312 + 2X - 224 = 103 + X

= 88 + X = 103

= X =15

Hence, the correct answer is 15.

The correct answer is Narinder Batra.

Key Points

• Narinder Dhruv Batra was the President of the Indian Olympic Association in the year 2021.
• He served from 14 Dec 2017 to 25 May 2022.
• Narayan Ramachandran was also the 12 president of IOA.
• The current President of IOA is P.T. Usha.
• IOA was created in 1924.
• Its headquarters is in New Delhi.
• International Olympic Committee is located in Lausanne, Switzerland.
• It was established in June 1894.

Additional Information

Indian Olympic Association:

• India first participated in the Olympics in 1900 in Paris.
• The country was represented by Norman Pritchard, an Anglo Indian who was holidaying in Paris during that time.
• Subsequently, in 1923-24, a provisional All India Olympic Committee was set up, which organized the All India Olympic Games (that later became the National Games of India) in February 1924.
• Eight athletes from these Games were selected to represent India at the 1924 Paris Summer Olympics, accompanied by manager Harry Crowe Buck.
• This gave impetus to the development and institutionalization of sports in India, and, in 1927, the Indian Olympic Association (IOA) was formed, with Sir Dorabji Tata as its founding President and Dr. A.G. Noehren as Secretary.

The correct answer is Buddhist.

Key Points

• Tripitaka or Three Baskets is a traditional term used for various Buddhist scriptures.
• It is known as pali Canon in English.
• The three pitakas are Sutta Pitaka, Vinaya Pitaka and Abhidhamma Pitaka.
• Theravāda school Tripitaka is the only complete Tripitaka preserved in Pali.
• Five hundred years after the Buddha's death, the Buddhist texts were collected and compiled.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Pregnant woman.

Key Points

• Water disinfected with iodine is not recommended for Pregnant woman.
• Water that has been disinfected with iodine is NOT recommended for pregnant women, people with thyroid problems, those with known hypersensitivity to iodine, or continuous use for more than a few weeks at a time.
• Water disinfection means purifying the water by killing or deactivating microorganisms or pathogens.
• Various methods are used to disinfect the water.

Additional Information Water Treatment with Iodine

Iodine:

• Iodine is an effective, simple, and cost-efficient means of water disinfection.
• Iodine used for water purification is commonly added to water as a solution.
• The iodine kills many, but not all, of the most common pathogens present in natural freshwater sources.
• It is the preferred method of water purification in the case of emergencies.

The correct answer is Political Preacher/Guru.

Key Points

• Chittaranjan Das was the "Political Guru of Subhash Chandra Bose".

Subhash Chandra Bose (1897 - 1945)

• Subhash Chandra Bose was born on 23^rd January 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa Division, Bengal Province.
• The birth anniversary of Netaji on 23^rd January is celebrated as 'Parakram Diwas'.
• Subhash Chandra Bose is popularly known as 'Netaji'.
• He passed the Indian Civil Services Examination in 1920 in England but left it on Gandhiji's call of the Non-cooperation Movement.
• He was the first elected INC President at the Haripura Session in 1938 and Tripuri Session in 1939.
• He founded the Forward Bloc in 1939 and Kisan Sabha.
• The first division of INA was formed in September 1942 with the help of Japan.
• He took the charge of Indian Army (Azad Hind Fauj) in 1943 in Singapore.
• He addressed Mahatma Gandhiji as the 'Father of the Nation'.
• He was highly influenced by Vivekananda's teachings and considered him as his spiritual Guru.
• Chittaranjan Das was the "Political Guru of Subhash Chandra Bose".
• A .N. Mukherjee Commission enquired about the mysterious disappearance of Bose.
• "Give me blood, I will give freedom" is a famous word by Netaji.
• The famous slogan - Dilli Challo, Jai Hind.
• Autobiography - The Indian Struggle.

Additional Information

Chittaranjan Das (1870 - 1925)

• Chittaranjan Das is popularly known as 'Deshbandhu'.
• He is the first president of the Swaraj Party (1923).
• C.R. Das served as the Indian National Congress  Acting president in the Ahmedabad session (1921).
• He was actively involved in Brahmo Samaj.
• He became involved with the Non-Cooperation Movement led by Mahatma Gandhi.
• In 1908, Das attained widespread fame when he was successfully able to defend Aurobindo Ghosh in the Alipore Bomb Case.

The correct answer is Prabhakar Pachpute.

Key Points

• Prabhakar Pachpute wins Derek Williams Trust Artes Mundi Purchase Prize.
• Artes Mundi 9 artist Prabhakar Pachpute has been awarded The Derek Williams Trust Artes Mundi Purchase Prize.
• The award enables a work of art by an Artes Mundi shortlisted artist to be acquired by Amgueddfa Cymru - National Museum Wales for its permanent collection of contemporary art.
• Previous recipients of the award have included Ragnar Kjartansson, Bedwyr Williams, Tanya Bruguera and Anna Boghiguian.
• Pachpute’s work is currently on display at National Museum Cardiff as part of the UK’s largest biennial international exhibition and art prize – Artes Mundi 9 – which runs until 5 September 2021.
• Pachpute has exhibited internationally from São Paulo to Istanbul, from Barcelona to Brisbane, and yet this acquisition marks the first time that work by the Indian artist has been purchased by a museum or institution in the UK as well as a significant milestone in the ongoing development of an internationally significant contemporary art collection for Wales.

Additional Information Artes Mundi Award

• Artes Mundi is the key internationally focused flagship visual arts organisation in Wales generating unique opportunities for individuals and local communities to engage creatively with the urgent issues of our time in ways which resonate with us all.
• They are committed to stimulating dialogue and debates, internationally and locally, that develop greater understanding of ourselves, of others, and of the relations between familiar and distant cultures.

The correct answer is Cheaper than others.

Key Points

• Chlorination of water is a Cheaper than others  method of purifying water.
• Chlorination ​is the process of adding chlorine to the water to kill pathogens or disinfect the water.
• It is an effective method of water purification.
• Chlorine kills a large variety of microorganisms.

Additional Information

Chlorination

• Chlorination is one of many methods that can be used to disinfect water.
• It is a chemical disinfection method that uses various types of chlorine or chlorine-containing substances for the oxidation and disinfection of what will be the potable water source.
• Chlorine inactivates a microorganism by damaging its cell membrane. Once the cell membrane is weakened, the chlorine can enter the cell and disrupt cell respiration and DNA activity.
• The main objective of this chlorine addition is to disinfect the water and maintain chlorine residuals that will remain in the water as it travels through the distribution system.
• Any type of chlorine that is added to water during the treatment process will result in the formation of hypochlorous acid (HOCl) and hypochlorite ions (OCl-), which are the main disinfecting compounds in chlorinated water.
• The amount of chlorine that is required to disinfect water is dependent on the impurities in the water that needs to be treated.
• Chlorination is able to provide a residual to reduce the chance of pathogen regrowth in water storage tanks or within the water distribution system.
• Chlorination has been proven to be very effective against bacteria and viruses.
• However, it cannot disinfect all waterborne pathogens. Certain pathogens, namely protozoan cysts, are resistant to the effects of chlorine.

The correct answer is China.

Key Points

• China is the largest producer of Gold in the world. It produced around 370 million tonne as of 2021.
• The second-largest producer of Gold is Australia at 312 Tonnes.
• Karnataka is the largest producer of gold in India.
• Kolar Gold Fields is the second deepest mine in the world.(When Operational, Closed in 2001)
• Karnataka has another famous Hutti Gold mines in Raichur district.

Additional Information

• South Africa was the world's largest gold producer until 2006.
• Gold in foreign reserves - As per the World Gold Council's (WGC) data
• India has 618.2 tonnes of the yellow metal as holdings, which is 6.9 percent of the share held in gold in total foreign reserves.
• United States (US) has the largest holding with 8133.5 tonnes, followed by Germany with 3366 tonnes and the International Monetary Fund (IMF) with 2814 tonnes.

The correct answer is It extends the time limit for expiry of reservation of seats for members of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes in the Lok Sabha and State Legislatures by 10 years.

Key Points

• 104^th Amendment Act, 2020
• It extends reservation for ten years for Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes to Lok Sabha and State Assemblies.
• It also removed the reserved seats for the Anglo-Indian community in the Lok Sabha and state assemblies.

Additional Information

• 103^rd Amendment Act, 2019
• It introduces 10% reservation for Economically Weaker Sections (EWS) of society for admission to Central Government-run educational institutions and private educational institutions (except for minority educational institutions), and for employment in Central Government jobs.
• Constitutional Amendment 101^st:
• The 101^st constitution amendment act introduced the system of ‘one nation, one tax’.
• One indirect taxation system applicable throughout the nation removes the barriers proposed by the taxation system introduced by both central and state governments.
• It extends to the union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and is governed by the central goods and services tax (Extension to Jammu and Kashmir) Act, 2017.
• This pan-India uniform indirect tax system ensured the smooth flow of goods throughout the country.
• Goods and services tax, also known as ‘GST’, is governed by the Constitution (one hundred and first amendment) Act, 2016.
• GST prescribed the power to both the central government and state government to levy and collect it.

The correct answer is David Diop.

Key Points

• David Diop has won the International Booker Prize for fiction.
• “At Night All Blood is Black” by French writer David Diop beat five other finalists to take the 50,000-pound ($70,000) prize, which is open to fiction in any language that has been translated into English.
• The prize money will be split between the author and his translator, Anna Moschovakis.

Additional Information

• Booker Prize:
• The Booker Prize, formerly known as the Booker Prize for Fiction and the Man Booker Prize, is a literary prize awarded each year for the best novel written in English and published in the United Kingdom or Ireland.
• The winner of the Booker Prize receives international publicity which usually leads to a sales boost.
• It was first awarded in 1969.
• Indian Winners:

1. V.S. Naipaul in 1971.
2. Salman Rushdie in 1981.
3. Arundhati Roy in 1997.
4. Kiran Desai in 2006.
5. Aravind Adiga in 2008$.

The correct answer is 12.

Key Points

• India’s constitution had 395 articles in 22 parts and 8 schedules at the time of commencement.
• Now the Constitution of India has 448 articles in 25 parts, 12 schedules.
• There are a total of 12 Schedules in the Indian Constitution.

The correct answer is Western Odisha and Southern Chhattisgarh.

Key Points

• Nuakhai is one of the most ancient festivals celebrated in Western Odisha and Southern Chhattisgarh to welcome the new crop of the season.
• The agricultural festival is mainly observed by the people of western Odisha and Southern Chattisgarh in India.
• Nuakhai is a combination of two words, 'nua' meaning new and 'khai' means eat, it thus signifies "eating of new rice".
• The farmers offer the first produce from their lands to Goddess Samaleswari, the famous mother goddess of the Sambalpur district of the state.
• Nuakhai is celebrated across districts like Kalahandi, Sambalpur, Balangir, Bargarh, Sundargarh, Nuapada, Jharsuguda, Sonepur, and Boudh and also across several areas of Jharkhand.

Additional Information

• Odisha (as of 2024)
• ​Chief Minister- Mohan Charan Majhi
• Governor - Raghubar Das
• Capital - Bhubaneshwar
• National Park - Similipal National Park, Bhitarkanika National Park, Ushakothi Wild Life Sanctuary.
• Chattisgarh (as of 2024)
• ​Chief Minister- Vishnu Deo Sai
• Governor - Biswabhusan Harichandan
• Capital - Raipur
• National Park - Guru Ghasidas ,Kanger valley National park

The correct answer is National Automated Clearing House.

Key Points

• National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) has implemented “National Automated Clearing House (NACH)” for Banks, Financial Institutions, Corporates and Government a web based solution to facilitate interbank, high volume, electronic transactions which are repetitive and periodic in nature.
• NACH System can be used for making bulk transactions towards distribution of subsidies, dividends, interest, salary, pension etc. and also for bulk transactions towards collection of payments pertaining to telephone, electricity, water, loans, investments in mutual funds, insurance premium etc.
• National Automated Clearing House (NACH) is a centralised system, launched with an aim to consolidate multiple ECS systems running across the country and provides a framework for the harmonization of standard & practices and removes local barriers/inhibitors.
• NACH system will provide a national footprint and is expected to cover the entire core banking enabled bank branches spread across the geography of the country irrespective of the location of the bank branch.

Additional InformationNational Payments Corporation of India (NPCI) ​

• ​It an umbrella organisation for operating retail payments and settlement systems and to promote financial inclusion in India.
• It is an initiative of the Reserve Bank of India (RBI) and Indian Banks’ Association (IBA).
• It is created under the provisions of the Payment and Settlement Systems Act, 2007, for creating a robust Payment & Settlement Infrastructure in India.
• Some of its initiatives are:
• RuPay – it is an Indigenously developed Payment System – designed to meet the expectation and needs of the Indian consumer, banks and merchant eco-system.
• To access these funds at door-step & drive the financial inclusion in India, Aadhaar enabled Payment System(AePS) has been introduced.
• Unified Payments Interface (UPI) has been termed as the revolutionary product in the payment system and Bharat Bill Payment System is offering one-stop bill payment solution for all recurring payments with 200+ Billers in the categories Viz. Electricity, Gas, Water, Telecom, DTH, Loan Repayments, Insurance, FASTag Recharge, Cable etc. across India.

The correct answer is Euro.

Key Points

• Euro is the currency of Germany.
• Germany - It is a country in north-central Europe.
• Germany is a member of the United Nations, NATO, the G7, the G20, and the OECD.
• Germany Capital - Berlin.

Additional Information

• The yen is the currency of Japan.
• The yen is the third most traded currency in the foreign exchange market after the United States dollar and the Euro.
• It is also widely used as a reserve currency after the U.S. dollar, the Euro, and the U.K. pound sterling.
• The ruble is the currency of Russia.
• Russia:
• Capital: Moscow
• Currency: Ruble
• President: Vladimir Putin
• The Romanian leu is the currency of Romania.

The correct answer is Sergio Perez.

In News 

• Sergio Perez  won the 2021 Azerbaijan Grand Prix (Formula 1 Race).
• Formula One is the highest class of international racing for open-wheel single-seater formula racing cars.

Additional Information

 Red Bull's racing driver Sergio Pérez (Mexican) won the Monaco Grand Prix on 29 May 2022.

• The event was held at Circuit de Monaco, Monaco, Europe.
• With this victory, Sergio Pérez has become the first Mexican to win the Monaco Grand Prix, and the first North American to win it since Gilles Villeneuve in 1981.
• The 2^nd position was occupied by the Ferrari racing driver Carlos Sainz Jr.
• List of 2022 F1 Race Winners:
• Bahrain Grand Prix: Charles Leclerc (Ferrari-Monaco);
• Saudi Arabian Grand Prix: Max Verstappen (Red Bull – Netherlands);
• Australian Grand Prix: Charles Leclerc (Ferrari-Monaco).

The correct answer is Six.

Key Points

• Following the death of Gautama Buddha in 483 B.C. Six Buddhist councils were convened under the patronage of different kings.
• The first Buddhist council was made after the death of Gautama Buddha.
• It is located in the Sattapani Cave, Rajgriha.
• It was made under King Ajatashatru with the monk Mahakasyapa.
• The objective of Buddhist council is to preserve the sayings of Gautama Buddha known as Suttas and monastic disciplines and rules known as Vinaya.

Additional Information 

The Six Buddhist Councils:

The correct answer is

Key Points

• Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) is the minimum percentage of deposits that a commercial bank has to maintain in the form of liquid cash, gold or other securities.
• The SLR was prescribed by Section 24(2A) of the Banking Regulation Act, 1949.
• These are reserved within the banks themselves (before lending to customers) known as Net Demand and Time Liabilities which are decided by the Reserve Bank of India (RBI).
• RBI reserves the right to increase the ratio up to 40%.
• It is the traditional instrument of monetary policy of the central bank.
• To control credit growth.
• The flow of liquidity and inflation in the economy.
• The current Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR) as of October 2021 is 18%.

The correct answer is Amartya Sen.

Key Points

• Nobel Laureate Amartya Sen, penned down his memoir ‘ Home in the World’.
• Home in the World Book by Amartya Sen’s memoir will be published by Penguin Random House in July 2021.
• The book ‘ Home in the World’ defines the life journey of Amartya Sen starting from his childhood days in Bangladesh to the Independence war of India.

Additional Information

 Home in the world Book by Amartya Sen’s Memoir-Key Points 

• The book will be published by Penguin Random in July 2021.
• The memoir defines his life experiences and journey from his childhood to the development of his views.
• He talks about his educational journey from Bangladesh to Calcutta to Cambridge.
• His book express his grief during Bengal Famine, Hindu- Muslim War, and the ultimate Independence war.
• He won Nobel Prize 1998 in Economics.

The correct answer is Radcliffe Line.

Key Points

• The Radcliffe Line became the international border between India and Pakistan (which also included what is now Bangladesh) during the partition of India.
• Sir Cyril Radcliffe, drew the Radcliffe line which divides India and Pakistan.
• The Radcliffe Line was declared as the boundary between India and Pakistan On 17^th August 1947, following the Partition of India.
• The line is named after Sir Cyril Radcliffe who was commissioned to equitably divide 4,50,000 km sq of territory with 88 million people.
• Sir Radcliffe arrived in India on 8^th July 1947 and was given five weeks to work on the border.
• Upon meeting with Mountbatten, Radcliffe traveled to Lahore and Kolkata to meet his Boundary Commission members, who were primarily Jawaharlal Nehru representing the Congress and Muhammad Ali Jinnah representing the Muslim League.
• Both parties were keen that the boundary be finalized by 15^th August 1947, in time for the British to leave India.
• As requested by both Nehru and Jinnah, Radcliffe completed the boundary line a few days before Independence, but due to some political reasons the Radcliffe Line was only formally revealed on 17^th August 1947.

Additional Information

• Durand LIne:-
• Its devides Pakistan and Afganistan Borders.
• The Durand line came into existence on November 12, 1896, when the border which was used to separate the British and the Afghanistan territories came to life.
• McMohan Line:- 
• The McMahon Line marks the boundary between the China-occupied territory of the East-Himalayan region and the Indian regions.
• This region is a mountainous place of high altitudes.
• This line was determined by Sir Henry McMahon, a British Foreign Secretary in British India, and it is called the McMahon Line after his name.
• The total length of this line is 890 kilometers.
• Siegfried Line - The boundary line is between France and Germany. it was built as an extension of the Hindenburg defensive line on the western front of World War I by the Weimar Republic and later the Third Reich of Germany in the 1930s

The correct answer is Vitamin C.

Key Points

• Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid.
• It is a water-soluble vitamin that is naturally present in some foods, added to others, and available as a dietary supplement.
• Humans, unlike most animals, are unable to synthesize vitamin C endogenously.
• So, it is an essential dietary component.
• Some animals can make their own vitamin C, but people must get this vitamin from food and other sources.
• Good sources of vitamin C are fresh fruits and vegetables, especially citrus fruits. Vitamin C can also be made in a laboratory.

 

Additional InformationVitamin D

 

• Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin which is naturally present in very few foods like fatty fish, and fish liver oils, beef liver, cheese, and egg yolks.
• Vitamin D keeps adequate calcium and phosphate concentrations in blood. It prevents the weakening of bones.
• Vitamin D has other functions in the body, including cell growth, neuromuscular and immune function, and reduction of inflammation.
• Scientific Name: Calciferol.
• Vitamin D deficiency can cause rickets in children and osteomalacia in adults.

Vitamine K

• Vitamin K is a fat-soluble vitamin that comes in two forms.
• The main type is called phylloquinone, found in green leafy vegetables like collard greens, kale, and spinach.
• The other type, menaquinones, are found in some animal foods and fermented foods.
• Vitamin K helps to make various proteins that are needed for blood clotting and the building of bones.
• Prothrombin is a vitamin K-dependent protein directly involved with blood clotting.

Vitamine B12

• Vitamin B12 is called Cyanocobalamine.
• It is the only metal-containing vitamin.
• Vitamin B12 contains cobalt metal.
• It is a highly complex, essential vitamin.
• It has an important role in DNA synthesis and amino acid metabolism.
• Pernicious anemia is caused by its deficiency.

The correct answer is Nepali.

Key Points

• One of the official languages of Sikkim is Nepali.
• The official languages of Sikkim are Nepali, English, Lepcha, and Sikkimese  or Tibetan or Bhutia.
• Other local languages that minor Sikkimese people used are Limboo, Rai, Gurung, Tamang, Sherpa, Magar, Newari but these people also used the Nepali language.
• Capital: Gangtok.
• State animal: Red panda.
• State bird: Blood Pheasant.
• State tree: Rhododendron.
• State flower: Dendrobium nobile.

Given:

Concept Used:

Modal class of data refers to the class that have highest frequency.

Calculation:

 

With the above data, class having highest frequency is 80 - 90.

So model frequency of data is 80 - 90.

Given:

4x - 2 = 2x + 1

Formula Used:

a^{m - n} = a^m/aⁿ

a^{m + n} = a^m × aⁿ

(a^m)ⁿ = a^mn

If a^m = aⁿ ⇒ m = n

Calculation:

4^{x - 2} = 2^{(x + 1)}

⇒ (2²)^{x - 2} = 2^{x + 1}

⇒ 2^{2(x - 2)} = 2^{x + 1}

⇒ 2( x - 2) = x + 1

⇒ 2x - 4 = x + 1

x = 5

Hence, x = 5 is correct answer.

Given:

A person sells an article X at a profit of 12%. Had the cost price been 8% less and the selling price Rs. 14 less, his profit would have been 14%.

Formula Used:

Profit% = Profit/Cost Price × 100%

Loss% = loss/cost price × 100%

Selling price = CP × (100 + profit%)/100 or CP (100 - loss%)/100

Calculation:

Let cost price of article X = CP

Selling price (SP) = CP(100 + Profit%)/100

⇒ CP(100 + 12)/100 = CP × 112/100 = 28/25 CP

If CP becomes 8% less and SP Rs 14 less then, profit becomes 14% less,

New cP = CP × 92/100 = 23/25CP

New SP = (100 + new profit%) of new CP

⇒ (100 + 14%) of 23/25 CP

⇒ 114/100 × 23/25 CP

⇒ 57/50 × 23/25 CP = 1311/1250 CP

According to question,

New SP is Rs 14 less than initial SP

⇒ Initial SP - New SP = 14

⇒ 28/25 CP - 1311/1250 CP = 14

⇒ CP (28 × 50 - 1311)/1250 = 14

CP (1400 - 1311)/1250 = 14

CP(80/1250) = 14

CP = 14 × 1250/89 = 17500/89 = 196.6292 ≈ 196.63

Given:

Formula Used:

• To find the median of grouped data, make a table of cumulative frequency table.
• After this, we find the class in which half of the sum of frequencies is located. It is called the median class.
• Now use following formula to find median-

\(Median=L_1+\frac{L_2-L_1}{f}\left ( \frac{n}{2}-F \right )\ \ where,\ L_1=\text{Lower limit of median class}\ L_2=\text{Higher limit of median class}\ f=\text{frequency of median class}\ n=\text{sum of frequencies}\ F=\text{cumulative frequency of the preceding median class}\)

Calculation:

Here, N = 42

N/2 = 42/2 = 21

And, cumulative frequency 21 lies in frequency class 30-40 

Median = L₁ + (L₂ - L₁)/f × (n/2 - F)

⇒ 30 + (40 - 30)/15 (42/2 - 17)

⇒ 30 + 10/15(21 - 17)

⇒ 30 + 2/3(4)

⇒ 30 + 8/3 = 30 + 2.66 = 32.66

∴ Median of given data is 32.14 (approx)

Given:

Sushmita has to give 36% of the money in her wallet to the milkman. She gives 1152 rupees to the milkman.

Formula Used:

If R% of A is B then,

A = B/R × 100

Calculation:

Let, Total money in Shushmita's wallet = Rs x

According to question, 

x × 36% = 1152

x = 1152/36 × 100 = 3200

∴ Rs, 3200 are there in Shushmita's wallet.

Given:

Excluding stoppages, the speed of a bus = 63 kmph

Including stoppages, the speed of bus = 54kmph

Formula Used:

Time (in minutes) for per hour stoppage of bus = S₁ - S₂/S₁ × 60 

Where,

S1 = speed of a bus excluding stoppages 

S2 = speed of a bus including stoppages 

Calculation:

Time (in minutes) for per hour stoppage of bus = S1 - S2/S1 × 60

⇒ (63 - 54)/63 × 60 = 9/63 × 60 = 60/7

⇒ 7x + 40 = 7 × 60/7 + 40

⇒ 60 + 40 = 100 

∴ 7x + 40 = 100

Given:

Formula Used:

Profit = total sale - total cost

Calculation:

Hence, in 2018-2019, company made the highest profit.

Given:

Ratio of two numbers = 3 : 5

Sum of squares of those numbers = 7650

Calculation:

Let, The first number = 3x

Second number = 5x

According to question,

⇒ (3x)² + (5x)² = 7650

⇒ 9x² + 25x² = 7650

⇒ 34x² = 7650

x² = 7650/34 = 225

x = 15

∴ The first number = 3 × 15 = 45

Second number = 5  × 15 = 75

Given:

Numbers are 3074, 3088, 3042, 3082

Concept Used:

If last two digits of a number are divisible by 4 then complete number will be divisible by 4.

Calculation:

Hence, 3088 is divisible by 4.

Given:

 P ∶ Q = 3 ∶ 4

Q ∶ R = 5 ∶ 7

Calculation:

P : Q : R

3 : 4 : 4

5 : 5 : 7

⇒ 3 × 5 : 4 × 5 : 4 × 7

⇒ 15 : 20 : 28

(P + Q)² : (Q + R)² = (15 + 20)² : (20 + 28)²

⇒ 35² : 48² = 1225 : 2304 

∴ The value of (P + Q)2 ∶ (Q + R)² = 1225 : 2304

Given:

A person has to cover a distance of 16.5 km in 128 minutes. He decided to cover one third of the distance at 8 kmph and the rest at a slightly different speed.

Formula Used:

Speed = Distance/time

Calculation:

One third distance of 16.5 = 16.5/3 = 5.5 km

Remaining distance = 16.5 - 5.5 = 11

Time taken to cover 1/3^rd distance + time taken to cover remaining distance = total distance

⇒ 5/5/8 + 11/speed = 128/60

⇒  1/10 (55/8 + 110/speed) = 32/15

⇒  55/8 + 110/speed = 32/15 × 10

⇒ 110/speed = 64/3 - 55/8

⇒ 110/speed = (64 × 8 - 55 × 3)/24

⇒ 110/speed = (512 - 165)/24 = 347/24 

Speed = 2640/347 = 7.6080 ≈ 7.6

Hence, The speed after covering one third of the distance is 7.6 kmph.

Given:

[5(81/3 + 271/3 )]1/2

Calculation:

[5(81/3 + 271/3 )]1/2  = [5(2 + 3)]^1/2 = [5 × 5]^1/2 = 5 

∴  [5(81/3 + 271/3 )]1/2 = 5 is correct answer.

Given:

The volumes of two spheres are in the ratio of 216 ∶ 343

Formula Used:

Volume of sphere = 4/3πr³

Curved surface area of sphere = 4πr²

Calculation:

Volume of sphere = 4/3πr3

Curved surface area of sphere = 4πr2

​Volume of sphere(1)/​Volume of sphere(2) = 4/3πr₁3/4/3πr₂3 = r₁³/r₂³ = 216/343 

⇒ r₁/r₂ = 6/7

Curved surface area of sphere(1)/Curved surface area of sphere(2) = 4πr₁2/4πr₂2

r₁²/r₂² = 6²/7² = 36/49

∴ The ratio of their curved surface area is 36 : 49.

Given:

A wall of dimensions 540 cm × 600 cm × 12 cm is built with bricks of size 12 cm × 10 cm × 15 cm.

Formula Used:

Volume of wall = n x volume of brick

Calculation:

L × B  × H = n  × l  × b  ×  h

⇒ 540 × 600 × 12 = n × 12 × 10 × 15 

n = (540 × 600 × 12)/(12 × 10 × 15) = 540 × 4 = 2160

∴ 2160 bricks are required.

Given:

The number 5 divides 'p' with a result of 'q' and a remainder of 3. The number 5 divides 'q' with a result of 3 and a remainder of 1.

Formula Used:

Let the quotient Q and remainder R of a number A be divided by number B. then

A = BQ +R

Calculation:

Case 1) The number 5 divides 'p' with a result of 'q' and a remainder of 3.

P = 5Q + 3

Case 2) The number 5 divides 'q' with a result of 3 and a remainder of 1.

Q = 5 × 3 + 1 = 16

 

Put Q=16 in P = 5Q + 3

P = 5Q + 3 = 5 × 16 + 3 = 83

Hence, the value of P = 83.

Given:

Marked Price = Rs.150

Discount = 10%

Formula Used:

Selling Price = Marked Price(100 - discount)/100

Calculation:

Selling Price = Marked Price(100 - discount)/100

⇒ 150 × 90/100 = 135

So one mobile cover can be bought for Rs 135

Let, we can buy n covers in Rs 675, then

n × 135 = 675

n = 675/135 = 5

∴ 5 mobile covers can bought for Rs 675.

Given:

1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + ____ + 99 is divided by 8

Formula Used:

Sum of first n odd natural numbers,

1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 +.......+ (2n - 1) = n²

Calculation:

Sum of first 50 odd natural numbers,

1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 +.......+ (2 × 50 - 1) = 502 = 2500

Now divide 2500 by 8 

Remainder = 4

Given:

A can do 4/5 of a work in 36 hours and B can do 2/5 of the same work in 24 hours.

Formula Used:

If A can complete work in D days then per day work of A = 1/D

Calculation:

If A can do 4/5 of a work in 36 hours

Then A completes whole work in = 36 × 5/4 = 45 hours

Per hour work of A = 1/45

If A can do 2/5 of a work in 24 hours

Then B complete whole work in = 24 × 5/2 = 60 days

Per hour work of B = 1/60

Per hour work of (A + B) = 1/45 + /60 = (4 + 3)/180 = 7/180

∴ A and B can complete work in 180/7 hours

Given:

A sum of money is to be divided among P, Q, R, S in the ratio of 3 ∶ 5 ∶ 4 ∶ 2. and  Q got Rs.1500 more than S.

Calculation:

Let, Part of P = 3x

Part of Q = 5x

Part of R = 4x

Part of S = 2x

According to question,

Part of Q = 1500 + Part of S

⇒ 5x = 1500 + 2x

⇒ 3x = 1500

x = 500

Share of R = 4 × 500 = Rs 2000

Given:

Cost price of plot = 750000 Rs.

its value increases at the rate of 10% per annum

Formula Used:

If a number P increases R% per year then,

Number of n years = P( 1+ R/100)ⁿ

Calculation:

If a number P increase R% per year then,

Numbers of n years = P(1 + r/100)ⁿ

⇒ 750000 (1 + 10/100)² = 75000 (1 + 1/10)²

⇒ 750000(1 + 11/10)² = 750000(121/100) = 7500 × 121 = Rs 907500

∴ The value of the plot after 2 years will be Rs 907500

सही उत्तर 'बिना कमाए जीवन-निर्वाह संभव नहीं।' है। 

Key Points 

• दिए गए विकल्पों में 'बिना कमाए जीवन-निर्वाह संभव नहीं।' यह वाक्य शुद्ध रूप में है।
• अन्य विकल्प रचना और व्याकरण की दृष्टि से अशुद्ध हैं।

Additional Information

• लिखने या बोलने के समय इस बात का ध्यान रखना चाहिए कि हमारे द्वारा जो कुछ लिखा या कहा जाए, वह बिल्कुल स्पष्ट सार्थक और व्याकरण की दृष्टि से शुद्ध हो।
• वाक्यों के विभिन्न अंग यथास्थान होना चाहिए। साथ ही विराम-चिह्नों का भी उचित जगहों पर प्रयोग होना चाहिए।

दिए गए विकल्पों में सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 ‘संबंधबोधक अव्यय’ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित उत्तर हैं।

Key Points 

• वे अव्यय जो संख्या के बाद आकर संज्ञा का संबंध अन्य शब्दों से करते हैं। संबंधबोधक अव्यय कहलाते हैं।
• मनुष्य पानी के बिना जीवित नहीं रह सकता है। वाक्य में बिना शब्द की उपस्थिति संबंधबोधक अव्यय होने की पुष्टि करती है।
• जहाँ पर बाद, भर, के ऊपर, की ओर, कारण, ऊपर, नीचे, बाहर, भीतर, बिना, सहित, पीछे, से पहले, से लेकर, तक, के अनुसार, की खातिर, के लिए आते हैं वहाँ पर संबंधबोधक अव्यय होता है।

Additional Information 

दिए गए विकल्पों में सही उत्तर विकल्प 4 ‘अनिश्चित परिमाणवाचक’ होगा। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित उत्तर हैं।

स्पष्टीकरण:

“गिलास में बहुत (कम) दूध बचा है।” वाक्य में प्रयुक्त कम अनिश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण है।

अनिश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण: जो विशेषण शब्द किसी वस्तु की निश्चित मात्रा अथवा माप-तौल का बोध नहीं कराते हैं, वे अनिश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण कहलाते है। जैसे- 'सब' धन, 'कुछ' दूध, 'बहुत' पानी।

Additional Information

• व्यक्तिवाचक विशेषण: वे विशेषण, जो व्यक्तिवाचक संज्ञाओं से बनकर अन्य संज्ञा या सर्वनाम की विशेषता बतलाते हैं उन्हें व्यक्तिवाचक विशेषण कहते हैं।
• जैसे – जोधपुरी जूती, बनारसी साड़ी, कश्मीरी सेब, बीकानेरी भुजिए। वाक्यों में जोधपुरी, बनारसी, कश्मीरी, बीकानेरी शब्द व्यक्तिवाचक विशेषण है।
• वे सर्वनाम शब्द जो संज्ञा से पहले आयें और विशेषण की तरह उस संज्ञा शब्द की विशेषता बताएं, सार्वनामिक विशेषण कहलाते हैं। 
• जैसे –कैसा समान लाए हो? में कैसा;
• ये लड़कियां कहाँ जा रही हैं? में ये; तथा
• तुम्हारे जैसी स्त्री मैंने देखी नहीं। में तुम्हारे आदि शब्द क्रमश: सामान, लड़कियां, स्त्री की विशेषता बता रहे हैं।
• निश्चित परिमाणवाचक विशेषण संज्ञा अथवा सर्वनाम के निश्चित परिमाण का बोध करातें हैं।
• जैसे- 5 किलो, दस लीटर।

दिये गए ‘आगंतुक’ शब्द का उचित उत्तर विकल्प 3 ‘आगंतुक’ है, अन्य विकल्प असंगत उत्तर है।

Key Points 

• आगंतुक शब्द का अर्थ बिना पहले से तिथि, समय आदि की सूचना दिए हुए घर में अचानक या बताकर आ पहुँचने वाला कोई प्रिय अथवा सत्कार योग्य व्यक्ति।
• पर्यायवाची : अतिथि, अभ्यागत, आगत, आगन्तुक, पाहुन, पाहुना, प्राघूणिक, प्राघूर्ण, प्राघूर्णिक, मेहमान, संचारी, सञ्चारी, समागत
• आगंतुक का विलोम आतिथेय होता है।
• वाक्य प्रयोग- छोटे बच्चे आगंतुकों से परेशान रहते हैं।

Additional Information

सही उत्तर है, '**जल्दी चले जाओ, नहीं तो बस चली जाएगी।**​' 

• 'जल्दी चले जाओ, नहीं तो बस चली जाएगी��', वाक्य संयुक्त वाक्य है।
• उपरोक्त वाक्य में दो साधारण वाक्य एक योजक शब्द ‘नहीं तो’ की सहायता से जुड़कर संयुक्त वाक्य बना रहे हैं।
• जिस वाक्य में दो या दो से अधिक उपवाक्य मिले हों, परन्तु सभी वाक्य प्रधान हो तो ऐसे वाक्य को संयुक्त वाक्य कहते है।

Mistake Points

• संयुक्त वाक्य- जल्दी तैयार हो जाओ, नहीं तो बस चली जाएगी।
• मिश्र वाक्य- यदि जल्दी तैयार नहीं होओगे तो बस चली जाएगी

Additional Information 

• ​रचना की दृष्टि से वाक्य के तीन प्रमुख भेद किये जाते हैं:

दिए गए विकल्पों के अनुसार गृहकार्य करने में मेरी सहायता कीजिए। वाक्य में विध्यर्थ वृति का प्रयोग हुआ है l अन्य विकल्प असंगत है l

Key Points 

Additional Information

अन्य विकल्प :

दीपक स्कूल से घर पहुँचने वाला होगा। का सही विकल्प (2) संदिग्ध वर्तमान काल है। अन्य विकल्प असंगत है।

Key Points

संदिग्ध वर्तमान काल:-  

• क्रिया के जिस रूप से वर्तमान काल क्रिया के होने या करने पर शक हो, उसे संदिग्ध वर्तमान काल कहते है।
• जिन वाक्यों के अंत में ता होगा, ती होगी, ते होंगे आदि आते हैं, उसे संदिग्ध वर्तमान काल कहते हैं।
• जैसे- माँ खाना बना रही होगी।

Additional Information तात्कालिक वर्तमान काल:-

• तात्कालिक वर्तमान काल में क्रिया का वर्तमान काल में होना जारी रहता है। उदहारण - पुजारी पूजा कर रहा है।
• पहचान - इन  वाक्यों के अंत में रहा है, रही है, रहे है आदि आते है | ​

आसन्न भूतकाल:-

• क्रिया के जिस रूप से कार्य व्यापार की निकट समय में समाप्ति का पता चले उसे आसन्न भूतकाल कहते हैं, 
• जैसे :- मैं अभी हिसार से आया हूँ।

हेतुहेतुमद भविष्य काल:-

• जहां क्रिया के भविष्य में हो सकने पर किसी कारण का प्रतिबन्ध दीखता हो, वहां क्रिया के काल को हेतुहेतुमद भविष्य काल कहते हैं।
• उदहारण - यदि गौरव खायेगा, तो मोटा हो जायेगा

'जहर उगलना' मुहावरे का अर्थ है - अपमान जनक बातें कहना। अतः सही विकल्प 2 'कड़वी बात कहना' है।

Key Points 

• 'जहर उगलना' मुहावरे का अर्थ - कड़वी बात कहना है।
• वाक्य प्रयोग - राजनीति में हर नेता अपनी विपक्ष पार्टी के प्रति ज़हर उगलता है।

अन्य विकल्प :

Additional Information

सही उत्तर 'डोंगा' है। 

Key Points 

• दिए गए विकल्पों में से 'डोंगा' शब्द जम्मू और कश्मीर का देशज है।
• इस शब्द का अर्थ - कश्मीर में नाव के घर को डोंगा कहा जाता है।
• अन्य सभी शब्द विदेशज शब्द हैं।

Additional Information

• देशज शब्द - वे शब्द जिनकी उत्पत्ति के मूल का पता न हो परन्तु वे प्रचलन में हों।
• ऐसे शब्द देशज शब्द कहलाते हैं।
• ये शब्द आम तौर पर क्षेत्रीय भाषा में प्रयोग किये जाते हैं। जैसे - लोटा, कटोरा, डोंगा आदि।
• विदेशज शब्द - अन्य देश की भाषा से आए हुए शब्द जो हिंदी भाषा में सम्मिलित हुए उन्हें विदेशज शब्द कहते हैं।
• इन विदेशी भाषाओं में मुख्यतः अरबी, फारसी, तुर्की, उर्दू, अंग्रेजी व पुर्तगाली शामिल हैं।

बल-वल इसका सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 ताकत-मेघ​ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके अनुचित हैं।

Key Points

• बल का अर्थ – ताकत
• वल का अर्थ – मेघ

Additional Information

दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 ‘अत्याचार करना’ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके गलत उत्तर हैं। 

Key Points

• मुहावरा- गर्दन पर छुरी फेरना
• अर्थ - अत्याचार करना
• वाक्य - जिस दोस्त को इतना माना था उसने ही मेरी गर्दन पर छुरी फेर दी।

अन्य विकल्प:

Additional Information 

• मुहावरा का शाब्दिक अर्थ ‘अभ्यास’ है।
• मुहावरा शब्द अरबी भाषा का शब्द है।
• हिन्दी में ऐसे वाक्यांशों को मुहावरा कहा जाता है, जो अपने साधारण अर्थ को छोड़कर विशेष अर्थ को व्यक्त करते हैं।

सही उत्तर ग्राम्य है। 

Key Points 

• ग्राम्य शब्द का अर्थ - गाँव से संबंधित गाँव का (जैसे - ग्राम्य सुधार, ग्राम्य अर्थ व्यवस्था)।

Confusion Points 

 

• खरा विशेषण से खरापन यह भाववाचक संज्ञा बनी है।
• तेजस्वी विशेषण से तेजस्विता यह भाववाचक संज्ञा रूप बना है।
• चिकना विशेषण से चिकनाई यह भाववाचक संज्ञा रूप बना है।

Additional Information 

 

दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर विकल्प 3 'कामवाली रोज़ आती है, काम करती है और चली जाती है।’ है। इस वाक्य में विराम चिह्नों का उचित प्रयोग किया गया है। अन्य विकल्प इसके गलत उत्तर हैं। 

Key Points 

• दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही विराम चिह्न युक्त वाक्य है - कामवाली रोज़ आती है, काम करती है और चली जाती है।
• अन्य विकल्प त्रुटिपूर्ण उत्तर हैं।

Additional Information 

दिए गए विकल्पों में से सही उत्तर विकल्प 2 ‘झूठा दिखावा करना’ है। अन्य विकल्प इसके गलत उत्तर हैं। 

Key Points

• मुहावरा/लोकोक्ति - घर में नहीं दो दाने, बुढ़िया चली भुनाने
• अर्थ - झूठा दिखावा करना
• वाक्य - रामू निर्धन है फिर भी ऐसा बन – ठन कर निकलता है जैसे लखपति हो। उनके लिए ऊपर यह बात चरितार्थ होती है - घर में नहीं दो दाने, बुढ़िया चली भुनाने।
• जब कोई पूरा कथन किसी प्रसंग विशेष में उद्धत किया जाता है तो लोकोक्ति कहलाता है।

अन्य विकल्प: 

Additional Information

• मुहावरा का शाब्दिक अर्थ ‘अभ्यास’ है।
• मुहावरा शब्द अरबी भाषा का शब्द है।
• हिन्दी में ऐसे वाक्यांशों को मुहावरा कहा जाता है, जो अपने साधारण अर्थ को छोडकर विशेष अर्थ को व्यक्त करते हैं।

अभिज्ञ का उचित अर्थ 'ज्ञाता' ह���ता है।

अभिज्ञ के अन्य शब्द - जाननेवाला, ज्ञाता, कुशल।

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प:

• भूलना का अर्थ - याद न रहना, विस्मृत होना।
• उच्च का अर्थ - बड़ा, श्रेष्ठ।
• अनुगमन का अर्थ - सहमरण, पीछे चलना।

अनुच्छेद के अनुसार आदर्श व्यक्ति कर्मशीलता में अपने जीवन की सफलता समझता है।

• अनुच्छेद के अनुसार:-
• ​आदर्श व्यक्ति कर्मशीलता में ही अपने जीवन की सफलता समझता है। जीवन का प्रत्येक क्षण वह कर्म में लगाता है।

Key Points

• कर्मशीलता - वह जो फल की अभिलाष छोड़कर स्वभावतः काम करे। 
• विलोम शब्द - 'कर्महीनता'

Additional Informationसहनशीलता:- 

• अर्थ: सहनशील होने की अवस्था, भाव या गुण, सहिष्णुता, संतोष, सब्र।
• विलोम शब्द - 'असहनशीलता'

ठहराव:-

• अर्थ: ठहरने की क्रिया या भाव

संबंध:-

• अर्थ: वह स्थिति जिसमें कोई किसी के साथ जुड़ा बँधा या लगा रहता है, मेल, मिलना।

'संतोष' का समानार्थी शब्द नहीं है - 'दृढ़ता'

• 'दृढ़ता' - अपने विचार एवं संकल्प पर दृढ़ रहने या जमे होने की क्रिया, मज़बूती, कठोरता।
• 'संतोष' का समानार्थी शब्द है - ​संतुष्टि, तसल्ली, धीरज, धैर्य, ढाढ़स, संशयपूर्ण, सांत्वना।
• विलोम शब्द - 'असंतोष'

Key Points

• वे शब्द जिनका अर्थ एक समान होता हैं समानार्थी शब्द कहलाते हैं।

Additional Informationकुछ महत्वपूर्ण समानार्थी शब्द:-

• अपमान - अनादर, बेइज्जती, अवमानना, निरादर, तिरस्कार।
• उत्तम - श्रेष्ठ, उत्कृष्ट, प्रवर, प्रकृष्ट, बेहतरीन, अच्छा।
• करुणा - दया, प्रसाद, अनुग्रह, अनुकंपा, कृपा, मेहरबानी।
• गधा - खर, वैशाखनन्दन, गर्दभ, रासभ, लम्बकर्ण, धूसर।
• घृणा - अरुचि, नफरत, जुगुप्सा, अनिच्छा, विरति, घिन।
• चमक - ज्योति, प्रभा ,शोभा ,छवि, आभा।
• जगत - विश्व, दुनिया, जगती, संसार, भव, जग, जहान्, लोक।

आदर्श व्यक्ति अपना बचा हुआ समय लोगों की सेवा में बिताते हैं।

• अनुच्छेद के अनुसार:-
• जीवन का प्रत्येक क्षण वह कर्म में लगाता है। विश्राम और विनोद के लिए उसके पास निश्चित समय रहता है। शेष समय जन सेवा में व्यतीत होता है। ​

Key Points

• लोग - लोक, जन, प्रजा, सामान्य व्यक्ति, आदमी, सर्वसाधारण।

Additional Informationआराम:-

• अर्थ: आसानी का भाव, बिना किसी असुविधा की स्थिति।

इस अनुच्छेद का कोई उपयुक्त शीर्षक- 'आदर्श व्यक्ति'

• अनुच्छेद के अनुसार:-
• ​व्यक्ति के आदर्श गुणों का वर्णन किया गया है। आदर्श व्यक्ति कर्मशीलता को ही अपने जीवन की सफलता समझता है।

Key Points

• आदर्श -  प्रतिरूप, नमूना, मानक, प्रतिमान।
• विलोम शब्द - 'अनादर्श'

Additional Informationविश्राम:- 

• अर्थ: आराम, ठहराव, चैन, यति, विराम, सुख-शांति, विश्रांति।
• ​विलोम शब्द - 'परिश्रम'

विनोद:-

• अर्थ: आमोद-प्रमोद, मजाक, उल्लास, आनंद, मनोरंजन, हँसी, तमाशा, खेल-कूद।
• विलोम शब्द - 'निर्विनोद'

उत्साही:-

• अर्थ: आनंद तथा तत्परता के साथ काम में लगने वाला, हौसले वाला, उमंगवाला।

कार्यकुशलता:-

• अर्थ: कार्य करने की निपुणता।

आदर्श व्यक्ति बड़े-बड़े संकटों को धैर्य से पार करते हैं।

• अनुच्छेद के अनुसार:-
• ​विपत्तिय��ं में भी वह अपने चरित्र का सच्चा परिचय देता है। धैर्य की कुदाली से वह बड़े-बड़े संकट पर्वतों को ढहा देता है।

Key Points

• धैर्य - हिम्मत, दिलासा, तसल्ली, सब्र, साहस, सांत्वना, धीरज, तुष्टि।
• ​विलोम शब्द - 'अधैर्य'

Additional Informationजल्दबाजी:-

• अर्थ: जल्दबाज़ होने की अवस्था या भाव, उतावलापन, शीघ्रता, तेज़ी।

हाथ:-

• अर्थ: कर पाणि, पंजा, हस्ताक्षर, कर, भुजा।

कुदाली:-

• अर्थ: धरती के खुदाई का एक उपकरण, मिटटी खोदने का उपकरण।

The correct answer is 'enduring'.

Key Points

• The word 'ephemeral' means lasting or used for only a short period of time (क्षणिक, अल्‍पकालिक)
• Example - He talked about the country's ephemeral unity being shattered by the defeat.
• The word 'enduring' means lasting over a period of time (स्‍थायी, टिकाऊ)
• Example - He formed a number of enduring relationships with women.
• Thus, the word that is opposite in meaning to the word 'ephemeral' is 'enduring'.

Hence, the correct answer is option (3).

Additional Information

• Let's explore the meaning of the other words:
• transitory: continuing or existing only for a short time (थोड़ी अवधि के लिए ही अस्तित्व में या जारी रहनेवाला)
• Example - The April showers come as a transitory relief from the summer heat.
• fugitive: a person who is running away or escaping  (नियंत्रण से पहले भागने वाला)
• Example - The police claim they are trying to track down a fugitive.
• fleeting: lasting for a very short time (बहुत कम समय तक चलने वाला)
• Example - for a fleeting moment I saw the face of a boy.

The correct answer is 'excupalate'.

Key Points

• In the given question, the word 'exculpate' is incorrectly spelt as 'excupalate'.
• The word 'Exculpate' means to prove or state officially that somebody is not going to be accused of doing something wrong or is not guilty of something (किसी के दोषी न होने की आधिकारिक रूप से घोषणा करना या निर्दोष साबित करना)
• Example - After he was exculpated from the corruption charges, he got his job back.
• Thus, the incorrectly spelt word is 'excupalate'.

Hence, the correct answer is option (1).

Additional Information

• Let's explore the meaning of the given words:
• satiate: to completely satisfy a desire or need (किसी इच्छा, ज़रूरत या भूख को पूरी तरह शांत करना)
• Example - He drank greedily until his thirst was satiated.
• precarious: not safe or certain (असुरक्षित या अनिश्चित)
• Example - He earned a precarious livelihood by gambling.
• unadorned: not adorned or plain (सुशोभित या सादा नहीं)
• Example - it was very simple, its walls unadorned.

The correct answer is 'Intentionally raise a false alarm'.

Key Points

• The idiom 'cry wolf' means To raise a false alarm or to ask for assistance when you don't need it, and by extension, to exaggerate or lie (सहायता मांगने के लिए जब आपको इसकी आवश्यकता नहीं है, और विस्तार से, अतिशयोक्ति या झूठ बोलने के लिए)
• Example - The little boy had cried wolf so many times that when he was really sick no one believed him.
• Thus, the most appropriate meaning of the given idiom is 'Intentionally raise a false alarm'.

Hence, the correct answer is option (1).

The correct answer is 'Debonair'.

Key Points

• The word 'Debonair' means confident, stylish, and charming (आत्मविश्वास, स्टाइलिश और आकर्षक)
• Example - all the men looked debonair and handsome in white tie and tails.
• Thus, the correctly spelt word is 'Debonair'.

Hence, the correct answer is option (1).

The correct answer is 'Cypher'.

Key Points

• Let's find about the meanings of the given words:
• Cypher: a secret or disguised way of writing (लिखने का एक गुप्त या प्रच्छन्न तरीका)
• Dilettante: a person who cultivates an area of interest, such as the arts, without real commitment or knowledge (एक व्यक्ति जो वास्तविक प्रतिबद्धता या ज्ञान के बिना कला जैसे रुचि के क्षेत्र में खेती करता है)
• Dray: a truck or cart without sides, for delivering beer barrels or other heavy loads (बीयर बैरल या अन्य भारी भार पहुंचाने के लिए बिना साइड वाला ट्रक या गाड़ी)
• Disdain: the feeling that somebody/something is not good enough to be respected (यह भावना कि कोई सम्मानीय नहीं है)
• Thus, the most appropriate one word for the given expression is Cypher.

Hence, the correct answer is option (1).

The correct answer is 'anoint'.

Key Points

• The word 'anoint' means to smear or rub with oil or an oily substance (तेल या किसी तैलीय पदार्थ से मलना)
• Example - They anointed the new priest with oil.
• In the given sentence, the word 'anoint' is used to imply that the elders of the church rubbed the sick with olive oil.
• Thus, the most appropriate answer is 'anoint'.

Hence, the correct answer is option (2).

Additional Information

• counterpoint: a thing that forms a pleasing or notable contrast to something else (एक ऐसी चीज़ जो किसी चीज़ के लिए मनभावन या उल्लेखनीय विपरीत बनाती है)
• Example - The dressing is a refreshing counterpoint to the spicy chicken.
• attaint: affect or infect with disease or corruption (बीमारी या भ्रष्टाचार से प्रभावित या संक्रमित)
• Example - even to have kicked an outsider might have been held to attaint the foot.

The correct answer is 'SPQR'.

Key Points

• Sentence S is the first sentence of the sequence as it continues the first sentence of the paragraph by mentioning that as contrast to the Northerners, Southerners invested their money in slaves-even more than in land.
• Sentence P is the second sentence of the sequence as it states that due to this investment the per capita wealth of Southern whites was twice that of Northerners.
• Sentence Q is the third sentence of the sequence as it mentions that the price of the south's defining crop ie., cotton had skyrocketed in the 1850s  and the value of slaves rose commensurately.
• Sentence R is the fourth sentence of the sequence as it mentions that investing their money in slaves even appeared to be a sound business decision for the Southerners.
• Thus, the correct sequence is 'SPQR'.

Hence, the correct answer is option (1).

The correct answer is 'RQSP'.

Key Points

• R will be the first sentence of the sequence as it contains the subject 'Wash', also all the given options starts with the R as the first sentence.
• Q will be the second sentence of the sequence as it states that Wash was clearly uneasy about something.
• S will be the third sentence of the sequence as it mentions that Wash was uneasy about the specific link.
• P will be the last sentence of the sequence as it states that Was was uneasy about the specific link with Bedfordshire as the precedent to establish a principle.
• Correct sequence: Although not intransigent, Wash was clearly uneasy about the specific link with Bedfordshire as the precedent to establish a principle.

Hence, the correct answer is option (4).

The correct answer is 'bequest'.

Key Points

• The word 'endowment' means money that somebody gives to a school, a college or another institution (किसी संस्‍था को दिया गया दान, स्‍थायी निधि)
• Example - The college has a large endowment.
• The word 'bequest' means the money or property that someone, after death, gives to someone else (वह धन या संपत्ति जो कोई मरने के बाद किसी और को देता है)
• Example - The church here was left a bequest to hire doctors who would work amongst the poor.
• Thus, the word that is similar in meaning to the word 'endowment' is 'bequest'.

Hence, the correct answer is option (3).

Additional Information

• impropriety: improper behaviour or character (अनुचित व्यवहार या चरित्र)
• Example - She was scandalized at the impropriety of the question.
• incongruity: quality of being different and seeming strange (अलग होने और अजीब लगने का गुण)
• Example - The incongruity of his fleshy face and skinny body disturbed her.
• dissonance: lack of agreement or harmony between people or things (लोगों या चीजों के बीच समझौते या सामंजस्य की कमी)
• Example - There is some dissonance between the two heads fighting each other, but it's the same animal.

The correct answer is 'The vices of the rich and great are mistaken for'.

Key Points

• The error lies in the usage of the verb 'is'.
• Subject–Verb Agreement Rules : If the subject is singular, the verb must be singular too and If the subject is plural, the verb must also be plural.
• Example - The dog drinks his water every day. “Dog” is a singular subject; “drinks” is a singular present tense verb.
• The subject of the given sentence is plural i.e., 'The vices'.
• Thus, the verb must be plural i.e., 'are'.
• Also, When two or more adjectives qualify the same noun, the Article is used before the first adjective only.
• Example - I have a black and white dog.
• The adjectives 'rich' and 'great' are qualifying the same noun, thus the article 'the' must be placed before the first adjective only.
• Correct sentence: The vices of the rich and great are mistaken for error, and those of the poor and lowly for crimes.

Hence, the correct answer is option (2).