DSSSB Head Clerk Official Paper (Held on:21 Feb 2022 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

According to the given conditions:

Eight friends A, B, C, D, E, F, G and H are sitting in a straight line facing towards east. 

• B is sitting second to the left of E who is sitting extreme right end.
• Here, E is sitting extreme right end, not B.
• Only 3 friends sitting between G and B.

     

 

 

• H is sitting immediate right of B.
• C and D are immediate neighbors of A that means A can not be the neighbor of G and B because A will be in between C and D.
• But the position of C and D can not be confirmed.
• So, we can not decide whether C and D will sit in the left or right of A.

 

Now, only one position is vacant which is to the left of G and extreme left end. 

So, F is sitting third to the left of A.

Hence, the correct answer is "F".

Preparing the family tree using the following symbol:

1. Lalita is the daughter of Vishakha, who is the only daughter of Niharika.

• Here Vishakha is the only daughter of Niharika.

2. Mahendra is the husband of Niharika.

3. Karuna is the only daughter of Mihir, who is the only son of Mahendra.

• Here Mihir is the only son of Mahendra.

The blood-relation diagram according to the given data is:

Thus, Mihir is the brother of Vishakka.

Hence, the correct answer is "Brother".

From the given information,

1. Anuj is brother of Mridula.
2. Nisha is daughter of Mridula and Kishor , that means Mridula and Kishore is married.
3. Mridula is the only daughter of Kamlesh.

Here, Kamlesh's gender can not be decided, that's why we are not using any symbol for Kamlesh.

Hence, the family diagram would be like;

So, Nisha is daughter's daughter of kamlesh.

Hence, the correct answer is "daughter's daughter".

From the given information, 

There are 5 friends participating in a race. So, the one who will finish the race first, will sit on the top of the table and so on.

1. Priyanka finished race before Mrinalini but after Gitanjali. 

So, Gitanjali will sit above Priyanka and Mrinalini will sit below Priyanka.

2. Arnav finished before Shivalika But behind Mrinalini.

That means, Arnav will sit after Mrinalini and Shivalika will after Arnav.

So, This is the final diagram

According to this diagram, it is clear that Gitanjali will sit on of the table and Shivalika will sit at the lower most position.

Hence, the correct answer is "Gitanjali".

From the given information,

Jasmine is at 14^th position from left and Gurpreet is at 23^rd position from right. 

If they interchange their positions, then Jasmine will be at 23^rd from the right and Gurpreet will be at 14^th from the left position but according to the given condition, if Gurpreet will sit at Jasmine's positions then this position will become 26^th from right. That means Gurpreet shifted to 3 positions to the left.

So, it is clear that the 14^th from left position and 26^th from right position are the same position. 

If you add both the position and subtract 1 from the result then you will get the number of persons in the queue.

(26 + 14) - 1 = 39

so, the correct answer is "39". 

Shortcut Trick

When we have to find total number of persons in a row, we will add position from left and position from right and subtract 1 from that sum.

(position from left + position from right) - 1 = total number of student

From the given information, 

Ashish is moving 1k straight from his home but there is no direction is given in which direction he is moving. We can start by taking any direction. So we are starting with east direction. 

After that he turned left and moved 3 km.

He then turned left and moved 4km and finally, he again turned and moved 1km.

According to the question, If the final position of Ashish is in the west direction then the starting position was in south direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "south".

As per the given information, 

26 students rank is higher than Bhumika, that means 26 students is sitting ahead of Bhumika.

So, it's clear from the above statement that Bhumika's rank is 27 form left. 

We know that, there are total number of students are 52. 

So, we need to subtract Bhumika's position form total number of students. This way we will get the number of students who got lower rank than Bhumika.

52 - 27 = 25

so, 25 students got lower rank than Bhumika.

Hence, the correct answer is "25".

According to the given information,

There are 6 friends A, B, C, D, E, F each having different height.

1). Only two friends are taller than D. 

2). Only four friends are shorter than B and C is taller than B.

3). A is shortest among all.

4). The position of E and F can not be decided. So, anyone of them can sit on 4^th and 5^th position.

5). As you know, from 1^st condition that only two friends are taller than D. So, D will sit immediate below of B.

So, according to the 4^th and 5^th condition, this is the final arrangement;

Hence, the correct answer is "C".

According to the given conditions:

1). Vibha lives between Ankit and Gaurav. But we don't know who will be going to sit above or below Vibha.

2). Only two friends live just above Kamlesh, which means Kamlesh would sit on the 4^th floor.

3). Naina lives immediate below Lalit.

From (1) condition, Vibha, Ankit and Gaurav will sit together, not necessarily in the same order. But they need 3 continuous vacant positions.

So, according to the above figure, Vibha, Ankit, and Gaurav will sit below Kamlesh.

Now, 2 positions above Kamlesh are vacant where Lalit and Naina will sit accordingly.

So, this would be the final arrangement.

According to the above figure, it's clear that Lalit will sir on 6^th floor.

Hence, The correct answer is "Lalit".

According to the Venn diagram, 

Students who like both Cricket and Badminton = 5

Students who like both cricket and Chess = 4

Students who like both Badminton and Chess = 6

Students who like all three games collectively (Cricket, Chess and Badminton) = 2

So, the students who like at least two games (means 2 or more than 2) = 5 + 4 + 6 + 2 = 17. 

Hence, the correct answer is "17".

Conclusion I. A ≤ P

According to the given statement, there is no direct relation between A and R. So, we need to combine all the statement to get the required statement.

A ≤ P,

K ≥ Z = R,

Z > P < N

A ≤ P < Z = R

From the above statement, it's clear that A < R is possible but A ≤ R is not possible (we need either = or ≤ for this conclusion to be true).

So, conclusion (I) is false.

Conclusion II. K > N 

From the given statement, there is also no direct relation between K and N. So, we will take statement 2^nd and 3^rd to get the required statement.

K ≥ Z = R,

Z > P < N

K ≥ Z > P < N 

From the above statement, the required relation between K and N is not possible because we only need >,≥ and = symbol for this conclusion to be true.

So, conclusion (II) is also false.

Hence, neither I nor II conclusion follow. So, the correct answer is "Neither I nor II is true".

Explanation: The given codes can be represented as :-

Codes in tabular form:

 

According to the above table, codes 'poor Radha' is gm zm.

Hence, the correct answer is "zm gm".

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows;

 

Conclusions: 

I. Some Vans are Fans → True ( As some vans are part of fans).

So, conclusion (I) follows.

II. All Guns are Vans → False (As it is given that some Guns are definitely Vans, but in the case of ALL it can be only a possibility. Hence definite conclusion will be false.)

So, Conclusion II does not follow.

Hence, the correct answer is "only conclusion I follows".

Explanation:

 

Here are the list symbols we are using to define the gender and relation of persons ;

So, according to  the given relation:

‘N ÷ T × G + V - P’ → N is brother of T , T is father of G, G is the son of V and V is the daughter-in -law of P.

the family tree of this arrangement will be like;

According to the family tree, N is the son of P.

Hence, the correct answer is "son".

According to the given series:

MUBYIJRLDOPCZQNHK

Arrange the letters from left to right in the alphabetical order as per requirement;

BCDHIJKLMNOPQRUYZ

so, from the above arrangement, K will be the 11^th from the right.

Hence, the correct answer is "K".

The given alphanumeric series is : K 8 % & 0 U 5 3 @ # Y B 6 & 7 % K 9 @ D 9 4 L & % # K N 8 $ # W Y 5 4 $

Explanation: 

According to the given series,

Twenty Sixth element from right end = Y

Y B 6 & 7 % K 9 @ D 9 4 L & % # K N 8 $ # W Y 5 4 $ 

Fifth element to the right of Y = %

Y B 6 & 7 %

So, fifth to the right of the twenty sixth element from the right end = %

Hence, the correct answer is "%".

Shortcut Trick

Fifth to the right of the twenty sixth element from the right = (26 - 5) = 21^st element form right.

So, the 21^st element from right is %.

According to the given information: 

The word ADMIT has 2 vowels (A and I) and 3 consonants (D, M and T).

So, Replace  A and I with the next vowel present in the English alphabet.

Now, Replace each consonant by just the previous consonant present in English alphabet.

So, the new set of letters are E, C, L, O, S.

Now, the meaningful word, we can make from the new set of letters is CLOSE.

Hence, the correct answer for this question is "CLOSE".

According to the given information;

GET OLD TRY SAW

First word from left = GET 

Second letter of GET = E

Third letter from right = OLD 

Second letter of OLD = L 

Letter between E and L according to English Alphabet = E F G H I J K L

So, there will be 6 letters between E and L.

Hence, the correct answer is "6".

The logic followed here is;

Total number of letters within the word is the code for that particular word.

BANANA → 6 (made up of 6 letters).

IS → 2

FRUIT → 5

OKRA → 4

VEGETABLE → 9

So, same logic will follow in the "COW IS ANIMAL".

COW → 3

IS → 2

ANIMAL → 6

SO, the code for "COW IS ANIMAL" is "326".

Hence, the correct answer is "326".

According the given information:

1. Savita started from her home and moved 2 km towards north then she turned to her right and moved 3 km straight.
2. Now she turned to her left and moved 2 km straight and reached her school.

This would be the direction :-

• To find the shortest distance between Savita's home and Savita's school,
• we will connect both of these two points.

Now, apply Pythagoras theorem in this figure,  

(Base)² + ( Height)² = ( Hypotenuse)² 

(3)² + (4)² = 9+16 = 25 =√ 25 = 5

So, 5 km will be the shortest distance between Savita's home and Savita's school.

Hence, the correct answer for this question is "5".

Decoding the information, 

Given:

384 # 17 $ 104 & 8 @ 93 = ?

After replacing the signs from left to right and using the BODMAS rule,

384 - 17 × 104 ÷ 8 + 93

= 384 - 17 × 13 + 93

= 384 - 221 + 93

= 477 - 221

= 256

Hence, “256” is the correct answer.

According to the BODMAS rule:

Option 1 : 8 and 26

Given:

208 ÷ 8 – 16 + 18 × 26 = 136

After interchange the two number;

208 ÷ 26 – 16 + 18 × 8 = 136

By BODMAS rule

8 – 16 + 18 × 8 = 136

8 – 16 + 144 = 136

152 – 16 = 136

136 = 136 (LHS = RHS)

Option 2 : 8 and 16

Given: 

208 ÷ 8 – 16 + 18 × 26 = 136

After interchange the two number;

208 ÷ 16 – 8 + 18 × 26 = 136

By BODMAS rule

13 – 8 + 18 × 26 = 136

13 – 8 + 468 = 136

481 – 8 = 136

473 = 136 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Option 3: 16 and 18

Given:

208 ÷ 8 – 16 + 18 × 26 = 136

After interchange the two number;

208 ÷ 8 – 18 + 16 × 26 = 136

By BODMAS rule

26 – 18 + 16 × 26 = 136

26 – 18 + 416 = 136

442 – 18 = 136

424 = 136 (LHS ≠ RHS)

Option 4: 16 and 26

Given:

208 ÷ 8 – 16 + 18 × 26 = 136

After interchange the two number;

208 ÷ 8 – 26 + 18 × 16 = 136

By BODMAS rule

26 – 26 + 18 × 16 = 136

26 – 26 + 288 = 136

314 – 26 = 136

288 = 136 (LHS = RHS)

Hence, the answer is “8 and 26”.

The image obtained when the paper is unfolded is,

Hence, "option 4" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

• GLPT ∶ UROK

Similarly,

• VMQJ : ?

​

Hence, 'VMQJ' is coded as "KSPZ".

The pattern followed here is:

• The middle figure rotates 90° in a clockwise direction.
• The Upper left and lower right sides interchange their positions.

Similarly,​

• The middle figure rotates 90° in a clockwise direction.
• The Upper left and lower right sides interchange their positions.

Hence, 'Option (1)' is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

The image rotates anticlockwise direction.

Hence, ‘option 1’ is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

• JV9 : MZ14

Similarly,

• NP5 : ?

​

Hence, 'NP5' is coded as "QT10".

The pattern followed here is:

(1^st number)³ = 2^nd number

Now follow the steps:

11 ∶ 1331 

=> 11³ = 1331 = 2^nd number

And,

15 ∶ 3375

=> 15³ = 3375 = 2^nd number

Similarly,

20 : ?

=> 20³ = 8000 = 2^nd number

Hence, "8000" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

Option(1): (QTF, NRD, KPC)

Option(2): (NVS, KTR, HRQ)

Option(3): (SJZ, PHY, MFX)

Option(4): (JPY, GNX, DLW)

All follow the same pattern, except ‘(QTF, NRD, KPC)’.

Hence, “(QTF, NRD, KPC)” is the odd – cluster.

The figure that will replace the question mark (?) in the following figure series is shown below:

• The centre figure rotates in a clockwise direction
• The small figure in the corner of a square is shifted in the clockwise direction in each corner of the square and also rotated in a clockwise direction.

Final series is

Hence, ‘option 3’ is the correct answer.

Mistake Points 

In option (4) 

pentagon is in opposite direction.

The pattern followed here is:

 

Hence, '599' is the correct answer.

Check all the options:

Option 1:

 

The Star pentagon (pentagram) is in an anticlockwise direction of the heart. 

 

Option 2:

 

The Star pentagon (pentagram) is in a clockwise direction of the heart.

 

Option 3: 

The Star pentagon (pentagram) is in a clockwise direction of the heart.

Option 4: 

The Star pentagon (pentagram) is in a clockwise direction of the heart.

Hence, "Option 1" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

(1^st number 1^st digit)² + (1^st number 2^nd digit)² = 2^nd number

Now follow the steps:

42 ∶ 20 

=> 4**²** + 2**² **= 16 + 4 = 20 = 2^nd number

And,

87 ∶ 113

=> 8**²** + 7**² **= 64 + 49 = 113 = 2^nd number

Similarly,

68 ∶ ?

=> 6² + 8² = 36 + 64 = 100 = 2^nd number

Hence, "100" is the correct answer.

Check all the options,

Option (1): 

 no dark part in the red circle area.

Option (2): 

 no dark part in the red circle area.

Option (3): 

 The extra dark part in the red circle area.

Option (4): 

 no dark part in the red circle area.

Hence, "Option (3)" is different.

The correct water image of the given figure :

Hence, the correct answer is "option (3)".

The logic followed here is:

In all the pairs, the 1^st word is a country where the 2^nd word is currency word is meant for 2^nd word i.e.

Option (1): Russia : Dinar → The Ruble is the official currency of Russia and Dinar is the official currency of Kuwait

Option (2): Brazil : Real → The Brazilian real is the official currency of Brazil.

Option (3): Canada : Dollar → The Canadian dollar is the official currency of Canada.

Option (4): Austria : Euro → The Euro is the official currency of Austria.

Thus, “Russia : Dinar” is the odd pair.

The correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is held at the right side is:

Hence, "option (1)" is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

• Image B is the water image of image A.

Similarly,​

• Image D will be the water image of image C.

Hence, 'Option (1)' is the correct answer.

The pattern followed here is:

Hence, '364' is the correct answer.

The table is alphabets place value:

The pattern followed here is:

CGM ∶ FNZ

Similarly,

IME ∶ ?

Hence, 'IME' is coded as "RZJ".

The correct answer is The Ministry of Tourism.

Key Points

• Bharat Parv is a five-day festival organised by the Ministry of Tourism of the Government of India to showcase the cuisine and culture of different states of India.
• The festival is held annually at the end of January.
• The Ministry of Tourism is the nodal agency for formulating national policies and programs and coordinating activities of various Central Government Agencies, State Governments/UTs and the Private Sector for developing and promoting tourism in the country.
• It was formed in 1967.
• The current Minister of Tourism is Shri G. Kishan Reddy.

Additional Information

• The Ministry of Education is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education.
• The current Minister of Education is Shri Dharmendra Pradhan.
• The Ministry of Culture is the Indian government ministry charged with the preservation and conservation of our cultural heritage and the promotion of all forms of art and culture, both tangible and intangible.
• The current Minister of Culture is Shri G. Kishan Reddy.
• The Ministry of Home Affairs, or simply the Home Ministry, is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the maintenance of internal security and domestic policy.
• The Home Ministry is headed by the Union Minister of Home Affairs Shri Amit Shah.

The correct answer is Shershah Suri.

Key Points

• The system of tri-metallism which came to characterise Mughal coinage was largely the creation, not of the Mughals but of Sher Shah Suri.
• Sher Shah issued a coin of silver which was termed the Rupiya, which was the precursor of the modern rupee and remained largely unchanged till the early 20^th century.
• Together with the silver Rupiya were issued gold coins called the Mohur and copper coins called Dam.
• Sher Shah Suri was the founder of the Suri Empire in India, with its capital in Sasaram in modern-day Bihar.
• An ethnic Afghan ruler, Sher Shah took control of the Mughal Empire in 1540.

Additional Information

• Babur was the founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent in 1526 CE.
• Babur's first coins were minted in Afghanistan, known as mithqal or Ashrafi in around 1523 CE, and his silver coins were known as Shahrukhi coins.
• Akbar or Akbar-I was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605 CE.
• His coinage included gold, silver and copper, the weight and fabric followed the Suri coinage, whose shape was round which changed to squares later on.
• Humayun was the second emperor of the Mughal Empire, who ruled from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to 1556.
• Humayun issued some heavier silver coins known as Rupee, some gold coins of the Shahrukhi type from Agra mint, and some tiny gold coins from Badakshan similar to pattern and weight standard of the gold coins of Persia.

The correct answer is Saga Dawa Festival - Manipur.

Key Points

• Saga Dawa or the Triple Blessed Festival is an auspicious month for the Sikkimese Buddhists with prayers held throughout the month in various monasteries.
• The festival is the most significant and sacred for the followers of Mahayana Buddhism who on this auspicious occasion commemorate Lord Buddha’s birth, his attainment of enlightenment and salvation from this corporeal world.
• Thus, option 4 has the incorrect match.

Additional Information

• Ugadi is New Year's Day according to the Hindu calendar and is celebrated in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Karnataka in India.
• It is festively observed in these regions on the first day of the Hindu lunisolar calendar month of Chaitra.
• Nanda Devi Mela is a religious fair organized near Nanda Devi temple in Uttarakhand.
• It takes place every September and sees a celebration of the local life through folk songs, dances and a big market with handmade products.
• The Pushkar Fair or the Pushkar Camel Fair is an annual multi-day livestock fair and cultural fête held in the town of Pushkar near Ajmer city in Rajasthan.
• Apart from the trading of livestock, it is an important pilgrimage season for Hindus to Pushkar lake.

The correct answer is1896 Session.

Key Points

• 'Vande Mataram' song was sung for the first time at the Indian National Congress session at Kolkata in 1896.
• The president of the Kolkata session was Rahmatullah M. Sayani.
• Vande Mataram song:
• The song was Sung by Rabindranath Tagore.
• The song was written by Bankim Chandra Chatterjee in 1874.
• The song was published in the Bengali novel Anandamath in 1882.​​

Important Points

• Indian National Congress(INC):
• Indian National Congress was founded on 28 December 1885.
• Father of INC: Allan Octavian Hume
• List of Important Indian National Congress sessions:

The correct answer is Ten Days.

Key PointsHornbill Festival:

• The Hornbill Festival is a celebration held every year from 1 to 10 December, in Nagaland.
• It is also called the 'Festival of Festivals'.
• It showcases the rich and diverse Naga ethnicity through folk dances, traditional music, local cuisine, handicraft, art workshops, etc.

Additional Information

• Nagaland is a mountainous state in northeast India, bordering Myanmar.
• It's home to diverse indigenous tribes, with festivals and markets celebrating the different tribes' cultures.
• It is also popularly known as the 'land of festivals' and every tribal festival is celebrated with pomp and gaiety, adorned with rich and colourful traditional attires.

The correct answer is RukhyoSharu Dance - Nagaland.

Key PointsRukhyoSharu Dance:

• The word 'Rukhyo Sharu' literally means 'victory dance'.
• It was performed during the head-hunting days to celebrate victory over the enemy.
• It is performed by members of the Lotha tribe in Nagaland.
• The cockfight dance called Shanta dance, a mock demonstration of the repulsion of an enemy attack is an integral part of this dance form.

Additional Information

• Koothu is an informal dance structure, in which performances generally depict scenes from ancient epics such as Ramayana, Mahabharata and Tamil classical epics and originates in Tamil Nadu.
• Chhau dance is a semi-classical Indian dance with martial and folk traditions, performed in diverse styles - the Purulia Chhau of West Bengal, the Seraikella Chhau of Jharkhand and the Mayurbhanj Chhau of Odisha.
• Sambalpuri dance, a folkloric dance form, owes its origin to the western part of Odisha, particularly the erstwhile Sambalpur, which derives its name from the presiding deity of 'Samalai'.

The correct answer is 5^th century AD.

Key Points

• Nalanda was a renowned Buddhist monastic university in ancient Magadha, in modern-day Bihar.
• Considered by historians to be the world's very first residential university, and among the greatest centres of learning in the ancient world, it was located near the city of Rajagriha (now Rajgir) and about 90 kilometres southeast of Pataliputra (now Patna), operating from 427 to 1197 CE.
• Nalanda was established during the Gupta Empire era and was supported by numerous Indian and Javanese patrons - both Buddhists and non-Buddhists.
• In 1193, Nalanda University was destroyed by the Islamic fanatic Bakhtiyar Khilji, a Turk.
• Today, it is a UNESCO World Heritage Site with a contemporary institute, Nalanda University, established at Rajgir in 2010 and listed as an "Institute of National Importance" by the Government of India.

Additional Information

• The Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire which existed from the early 4^th century CE to the late 6^th century CE.
• Education played an important role in the Gupta period.
• Primary education could be procured by the people.
• Formal and higher education were procured by staying in Agraharas or monasteries.
• Women could obtain an education, unlike in other parts of the world.

The correct answer is Choliya Dance.

Key Points

• Chholiya is a dance form which originated in the Kumaon division in the state of Uttarakhand and in some parts of Sudur Paschim province of Nepal.
• It has today become a symbol of Kumaoni culture.
• Kumaoni is an Indo-Aryan language spoken by over two million people of the Kumaon region of the state of Uttarakhand in northern India and parts of the Doti region in Western Nepal.
• It is basically a sword dance accompanying a marriage procession but now it is performed on many auspicious occasions.

Additional Information

• Mukhota Dance is a dance form in which the participants wear traditional dresses and masks representing their deities and evil demons and highlighting various folk tales and the culture of Uttarakhand.
• Jhora dance is a springtime celebration performed by the local people by moving around in circles and highly popular dance in the Kumaon Himalayas.
• The USP of this dance is that it aims to break caste barriers, thus allowing both higher and lower caste people to perform it together.
• Pandav Lila or Pandav Nritya is a ritual re-enactment of stories from the Hindu epic Mahabharata, through singing, dancing and recitation, that is practised in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand.

The correct answer is Madhya Pradesh.

Key Points

• Mandu Festival is a 5-day celebration of art, craft, music, food, and adventure in the beautiful and historical city of Mandu.
• Mandu is an ancient fort city in Madhya Pradesh surrounded by stone walls dotted with Darwazas (gateways) and known for its Afghan architectural heritage.
• Madhya Pradesh is known as the “Heart of India” because of a lot many things that it has to offer.
• It has been home to the cultural and spiritual heritage of almost all religions.
• Innumerable monuments, intricately carved temples, stupas, forts and palaces are dotted all over the State.

Additional Information

• Andhra Pradesh is one of the leading rice-growing states in the country and is a major producer of India's tobacco.
• Andhra Pradesh celebrates many religious festivals, Ugadi and Sankranti (Pedda Panduga) being the most significant ones.
• Himachal Pradesh is famous for its beautiful views as well as adventure activities, such as treks, paragliding, skiing and so much more.
• Some famous festivities in the state are Kullu Dussehra, Losar, Halda and Sazo Festival.
• Arunachal Pradesh is known for its pristine beauty and lush green forests.
• Being the easternmost state, it is also known as the Land of the Rising Sun in India.
• A festival to welcome healthy and a prosperous new year, the Torgya festival is celebrated by the Monpa community of Arunachal Pradesh.

The correct answer is 1.5 Lakh.

Key Points

• Sukanya Samriddhi Account is a government-backed savings scheme targeted at the parents of girl children.
• The scheme encourages parents to build a fund for the future education of their female children.
• The contributions towards the Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana are eligible for tax deductions under Section 80C of the Income Tax Act 1961.
• Thus, tax deductions up to Rs 1.5 lakh invested in the scheme can be claimed.

Additional Information

• The Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana account can be opened in the name of a girl child, by her parents or legal guardians, any time before the girl child attains 10 years of age.
• Only one account per girl child is allowed.
• The natural or legal guardian can open an account for a maximum of two girl children only.

The correct answer is Madhya Pradesh.

Key Points

• Mallakhamb is a traditional sport, originating from the Indian subcontinent, in which a gymnast performs aerial yoga or gymnastic postures and wrestling grips in concert with vertical stationery or a hanging wooden pole, cane, or rope.
• The word Mallakhamb also refers to the pole used in the sport.
• On April 9, 2013, the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh declared Mallakhamba the state sport.
• Madhya Pradesh, also known as the “Heart of India”, has been home to the cultural and spiritual heritage of almost all religions.
• Innumerable monuments, intricately carved temples, stupas, forts and palaces are dotted all over the State.

Additional Information

• Gujarat is renowned for its beaches, temple towns and historic capitals, wildlife sanctuaries, hill resorts and natural grandeur, sculpture, handicrafts, arts, and festivals.
• The state sports of Gujarat are Cricket and Kabbadi.
• Arunachal Pradesh is known for its pristine beauty and lush green forests and as the Land of the Rising Sun.
• The most important sport in Arunachal Pradesh is Archery.
• Manipur is the birthplace of Raas Lila - a renowned form of classical dance which was created by Maharaja Bhagyachandra.
• Manipur is also the birthplace of Modern Polo and the locals call this game 'Sagol Kangjei'.

The correct answer is Anju Bobby George.

Key Points

• Anju Bobby George is a retired Indian athlete who made history when she won the bronze medal in the long jump at the 2003 World Championships in Athletics in Paris.
• With this achievement, she became the first Indian athlete ever to win a medal in a World Championships in Athletics jumping 6.70 m.
• Anju Bobby George received the World Athletics Woman of the Year Award in 2021.

Additional Information

• Hima Das, nicknamed Dhing Express, is an Indian sprinter from the state of Assam.
• She holds the current Indian national record in 400 meters.
• She became the first ever Indian athlete to win a gold medal in any format of a global track event at IAAF World U20 Championships.
• PV Sindhu is an Indian badminton player, considered one of India's most successful sportspersons.
• She has won medals at various tournaments such as the Olympics and on the BWF circuit, including a gold at the 2019 World Championships.
• Vinesh Phogat is the first Indian woman wrestler to win gold in both Commonwealth and Asian Games.
• Phogat became the first Indian athlete to be nominated for Laureus World Sports Awards in 2019.

The correct answer is Kidambi Srikanth.

Key Points

• Srikanth Kidambi is an Indian badminton player and a former world no. 1.
• He was awarded the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian award, in 2018, and the Arjuna award in 2015.
• In 2021, he became the first Indian to reach the World Championship final in the men's singles discipline.

Additional Information

• Prakash Padukone is a former Indian badminton player.
• He was ranked World No. 1 in 1980 and was awarded the Arjuna award in 1972 and the Padma Shri in 1982 by the Government of India.
• B. Sai Praneeth is an Indian badminton player.
• He became the first Indian male shuttler in 36 years to win a bronze medal in the BWF World Championships in 2019 after Prakash Padukone in 1983.
• Sai Praneeth was honoured with the Arjuna Award in 2019.
• Lakshya Sen is an Indian badminton player and a former world junior no. 1.
• He has won gold medals at the 2018 Asian Junior Championships in the boys' singles and at the Summer Youth Olympics in the mixed team event.

The correct answer is Lingaraj Temple.

Key Points

• Lingaraja Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva and is one of the oldest temples in Bhubaneswar, the capital of the state of Odisha.
• It was built by King Jajati Keshari in the 10^th Century and completed by King Lalatendu Keshari in the 11^th Century.
• The temple represents the quintessence of Kalinga architecture and culminates in the medieval stages of the architectural tradition at Bhubaneswar.

Additional Information

• Konark Sun Temple is a 13^th-century CE Sun temple at Konark, near Puri city, Odisha.
• The temple is attributed to king Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga dynasty about 1250 CE.
• Badrinath Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Vishnu situated in the town of Badrinath in Uttarakhand.
• The temple is also one of the 108 Divya Desams dedicated to Vishnu, who is worshipped as Badrinath, holy shrines for Vaishnavites.
• Brihadishvara Temple is a Hindu Dravidian-styled temple dedicated to the god Shiva located on the South bank of the Kaveri river in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu. 
• The temple has a massive colonnaded Prakara (corridor) and is one of the largest Shiva lingas in India.
• It is also famed for the quality of its sculpture, as well as being the location that commissioned the brass Nataraja – Shiva as the lord of dance, in the 11^th century.

The correct answer is Saubhagya scheme.

Key Points

• Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana or “Saubhagya” is a scheme to ensure the electrification of all willing households in the country in rural as well as urban areas.
• The objective of the ‘Saubhagya’ is to provide energy access to all by last mile connectivity and electricity connections to all remaining un-electrified households in rural as well as urban areas to achieve universal household electrification in the country.
• The beneficiaries of free electricity connections would be identified using Socio-Economic and Caste Census (SECC) 2011 data.
• However, un-electrified households not covered under the SECC data would also be provided electricity connections under the scheme on payment of Rs. 500 which shall be recovered by DISCOMs in 10 installments through electricity bill.

Additional Information

• Svamitva Scheme is a property survey program launched by the central government in 2020.
• It is a central-sector scheme to promote socio-economic empowerment and a more self-reliant rural India.
• Ayushman Bharat Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana is a national public health insurance fund of the Government of India that aims to provide free access to health insurance coverage for low-income earners in the country.
• National Smart Cities Mission is an urban renewal and retrofitting program by the Government of India with the mission to develop smart cities across the country, making them citizen friendly and sustainable.

The correct answer is Daya River.

Key Points

• The Kalinga War was fought in ancient India between the Maurya Empire under Ashoka and the state of Kalinga, an independent feudal kingdom located on the east coast, in the present-day state of Odisha and northern parts of Andhra Pradesh.
• Kalinga lost the war and over one hundred thousand lives were lost and the entire Daya river turned red with the blood of the dead.
• The Daya River starts as a branch of the Kuakhai River at Saradeipur in Odisha state in India.
• It is joined by the Malaguni River below Golabai and flows through Khordha and Puri districts before emptying into the northeastern corner of Chilika Lake, 37 kilometers from its origin.

Additional Information

• The Rushikulya River is one of the major rivers in the state of Odisha, originating at an elevation of about 1000 metres from the Daringbadi hills of the Eastern Ghats range.
• The Mahanadi is a major river in East Central India, known for the Hirakud Dam, and flows through the states of Chhattisgarh and Odisha and finally merged with the Bay of Bengal.
• The Baitarani is one of six major rivers of Odisha and has been venerated in popular epics and legends, and is also a source of water for agricultural irrigation.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Kaikottikali, another name for the Thiruvathirakali dance form, refers to the clapping of hands performed by dancers during a recital of Thiruvathirakali.
• It is a unique dance performed in Kerala on the auspicious day of Thiruvathira, the birthday of Lord Shiva.
• It is performed by women who seek blessings for eternal marital bliss.
• It falls in the Malayalam month of Dhanu (December-January).
• Named as one of the ten paradises of the world by National Geographic Traveler, Kerala is famous especially for its ecotourism initiatives and beautiful backwaters.

Additional Information

• Kolkata is a city of colonial architecture, museums, art galleries, traditional food, temples, music and theatre.
• Gaudiya Nritya is a Bengali dance tradition, originating from Gauda, also known as Gaur, in Bengal.
• In addition to the long history of the Tamil people, Tamil Nadu is famous for its temples, festivals, and celebration of the arts.
• Bharatanatyam is a dance of Tamil Nadu and traces its origins back to the Natyashastra, an ancient treatise on theatre written by the mythic priest Bharata.
• Bihar is the origin of the two biggest religions in the world, namely Buddhism and Jainism, and the seat of the world's residential university - Nalanda.
• Folk Dances of Bihar include Bidesia, Jat-Jatin, Kajari, Jumari, Jhijhian, Sohar-Khilouna, Paika and the Harvesting Dance.

The correct answer is Shri Narendra Modi.

Key Points

• The Prime Minister, Shri Narendra Modi released the Hindi translation of the book ‘Odisha Itihaas’ written by ‘Utkal Keshari’ Dr Harekrushna Mahtab, in April 2021.
• The book, available in Odia and English so far, has been translated into Hindi by Shri. Shankarlal Purohit.
• It is an important book that concisely presents the diverse and comprehensive history of Odisha.

Additional Information

• Harekrushna Mahatab was the leader of the Indian National Congress and a notable figure in the Indian independence movement.
• He was the Chief Minister of Odisha from 1946 to 1950 and again from 1956 to 1961.
• He was popularly known by the sobriquet "Utkal Keshari".

The correct answer is Luna 9.

Key Points

• Luna 9 was an uncrewed space mission of the Soviet Union's Luna programme.
• On 3 February 1966, the Luna 9 spacecraft became the first spacecraft to achieve a survivable landing on a celestial body.

Additional Information

• Chandrayaan-1 was India's first lunar probe and was successfully inserted into lunar orbit on 8 November 2008.
• Chandrayaan-2 is the second lunar exploration mission developed by ISRO, however, the lander malfunctioned and the mission partly failed on 6 September 2019.

The correct answer is Cuttack.

Key Points

• Bali Yatra is a festival that commemorates the rich maritime history of Odisha and is celebrated throughout the state.
• In the historic city of Cuttack, a week-long event is organised starting from the day of Kartika Purnima (full moon day in the month of Kartik i.e October-November).
• Cuttack is also the commercial capital of Odisha which hosts a large number of trading and business houses in and around the city.
• It is also famous for its Durga puja which is the most important festival in Odisha and West Bengal.
• Cuttack is also the birthplace of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose.

Additional Information

• Tripura in Northeastern India is famous for its cultivations, tea plantations, beautiful gardens, toy trains and much more.
• One of the most famous festivals in the state is Kharchi Puja.
• With a whopping number of different tribes and the cultural diversity that they bring, Nagaland is famous as the 'Land of Festivals'.
• Its most famous festival has to be the Hornbill festival.
• Punjab is known as 'the land of five rivers' and because of the fertile lands found here, it is also among one of the most ancient civilizations in the world.
• Its most famous festival has to be Lohri.

The correct answer is Airtel Payments Bank.

Key Points

• Airtel Payments Bank:
• It is the first payments bank in India, with its headquarters in New Delhi.
• On 5 January 2022, it was granted the scheduled bank status by the Reserve Bank of India under the second schedule of the RBI Act, 1934.
• Payments Banks:
• Payments banks are a new model of banks, conceptualised by the Reserve Bank of India.
• These banks can accept a restricted deposit, which is currently limited to ₹200,000 per customer and may be increased further.
• These banks cannot issue loans and credit cards.

Additional Information

• National Securities Depository Limited (NSDL):
• NSDL is an Indian central securities depository, based in Mumbai, established in August 1996.
• NSDL is the first electronic securities depository in India with national coverage.
• NSDL Payments Bank Limited has commenced operations as a payments bank with effect from October 29, 2018.
• India Post Payments Bank:
• India Post Payments Bank is a division of India Post which is under the ownership of the Department of Post, a department under the Ministry of Communications of the Government of India.
• Opened in 2018, as of January 2022, the bank has more than 5 crore customers.
• Paytm Payments Bank:
• Paytm Payments Bank is an Indian payments bank, founded in 2015 and headquartered in Noida.
• The same year, it received the license to run a payments bank from the Reserve Bank of India and was launched in November 2017.
• In 2021, the bank received a scheduled bank status from the RBI.

The correct answer is 1^st April 1973.

Key Points

• Project Tiger
• Project Tiger is a tiger conservation programme launched in April 1973 by the Government of India.
• The project aims at
• Ensuring a viable population of the Bengal tiger in its natural habitats.
• Protecting it from extinction.
• Preserving areas of biological importance as a natural heritage that represent the diversity of ecosystems across the tiger's range in the country.
• Project Tiger has succeeded in fulfilling its mandate and is one of the most successful conservation programmes for a single species in the entire world.

Additional Information

• As of March 2024, India has 55 protected areas designated as tiger reserves. These reserves cover more than 78,000 square kilometers, which is more than 2.30% of India's geographical area.
• The first tiger reserve in India was Jim Corbett National Park, in Uttrakhand.

The correct answer is Nanda Devi.

Key Points

• Nanda Devi
• Nanda Devi is the second-highest mountain in India, after Kangchenjunga, and the highest located entirely within the country.
• It is the 23^rd-highest peak in the world.
• The Sanskrit word Nanda means joy or happiness; Devi is the Sanskrit word for goddess.
• The Nanda Devi National Park is renowned for its remote mountain wilderness and is protected on all sides by spectacular topographical features including glaciers, moraines, and alpine meadows.

Additional Information

• Kamet is the second highest mountain in the Garhwal region of Uttarakhand, after Nanda Devi.
• Kedarnath in Uttarakhand is renowned for the ancient temple dedicated to Lord Shiva, a famous Hindu pilgrimage, and is closely associated with the mighty Pandavas.
• The Panchachuli peaks are a group of five snow-capped Himalayan peaks lying at the end of the eastern Kumaon region, near the Dugtu village in Darma valley, Uttarakhand.

The correct answer is Bengaluru.

Key Points

• Samwad with Students (SwS):
• As part of the enhanced outreach programme of the Indian Space Research Organisation, a new platform named Samwad with Students (SwS) was launched in Bengaluru on January 1, 2019.
• Through the SwS initiative, ISRO aims to constantly engage youngsters across India to capture their scientific temperament.
• The new conversation mission will inspire students cutting across schools and colleges.

Additional Information

• ISRO:
• The Indian Space Research Organisation is the national space agency of India, headquartered in Bangalore, was founded on 15 August 1969.
• It operates under the Department of Space which is directly overseen by the Prime Minister of India.
• ISRO develops and delivers application-specific satellite products and tools to the Nation - 
• Broadcasts,
• Communications,
• Weather forecasts,
• Disaster management tools,
• Geographic Information Systems,
• Cartography,
• Navigation,
• Telemedicine, and
• Dedicated distance education satellites

The correct answer is You can’t get your ingredients back.

Key Points

• Chemical Change:
• Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance, called chemical synthesis or, alternatively, chemical decomposition into two or more different substances.
• These processes are called chemical reactions and, in general, are not reversible except by further chemical reactions.
• Baking of a cake:
• After baking a cake, it is impossible to reverse the process to get back the original components.
• Thus, it is a chemical reaction.

Additional Information

• The five conditions of chemical change are as follows -
• Colour change
• Formation of a precipitate
• Formation of a gas
• Odour change
• Temperature change.

The correct answer is Egyptians.

Key Points

• Egyptians created the first-known examples of sails around 3000 b.c., first for travelling on the Nile and later for trips into the Mediterranean.
• Egyptian boats commonly featured oars in addition to sails, because they were travelling on the narrow channel of the Nile where winds were variable.
• Papyrus Boats:
• The earliest Egyptian boats were made of papyrus stalks tied together with rope.
• These boats had curved-shaped and were very light, making them easy to carry over land.
• Fishermen used these small papyrus boats for their work.

Additional Information

• India's maritime history predates the birth of western civilisation with the world's first tidal dock believed to have been built at Lothal around 2300 BC during the Harappan Civilisation, near the present-day Mangrol harbour on the Gujarat coast.
• The Rig Veda, written around 2000 BC, credits Varuna with knowledge of the ocean routes.
• The ocean routes were commonly used by ships and described naval expeditions which used hundred-oared ships to subdue other kingdoms.

The correct answer is Diamond.

Key PointsDiamond in India: 

• India was the only source of diamonds in the world for over 3000 years till diamond deposits were located in Brazil and South Africa.
• Today, National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC) is the only organized producer of diamonds in India from its Majhgawan mine at Panna, Madhya Pradesh.
• Hence statement 3 is correct.

Additional Information

National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC):

• Incorporated in 1958 as a Government of India fully owned public enterprise, NMDC is under the administrative control of the Ministry of Steel, Government of India.
• Since its inception, it is involved in the exploration of a wide range of minerals including
• Iron ore,
• Copper,
• Rock phosphate,
• Limestone,
• Dolomite,
• Gypsum,
• Bentonite,
• Magnesite,
• Diamond,
• Tin,
• Tungsten,
• Graphite,
• Beach sands etc.

The correct answer is Chemical reaction.

Key Points

• Burning logs is an example of a chemical reaction in which wood in the presence of heat and oxygen is transformed into carbon dioxide, water vapour, and ash.
• Chemical Reaction
• It can be defined as a process in which one or more substances, the reactants, are converted to one or more different substances, the products.
• Examples -
• Iron and oxygen combine to make rust,
• Vinegar and baking soda combine to make sodium acetate, carbon dioxide and water.

Additional Information

• Physical reaction:
• A physical reaction is a reaction in which a change to the physical properties, such as density, mass, and volume, of a material or substance occurs.
• The physical reaction definition is a reaction in which molecules undergo molecular rearrangement but are not chemically altered.
• Vaporization:
• Vaporization is the conversion of a substance from the liquid or solid phase into the gaseous (vapour) phase.
• If conditions allow the formation of vapour bubbles within a liquid, the vaporization process is called boiling.

The correct answer is Vapourisation.

Key Points

• Vaporization:
• It is the conversion of a substance from the liquid or solid phase into the gaseous (vapour) phase.
• Vaporization is defined as the transitional phase of a compound or an element and it occurs during the boiling or sublimation process.
• Examples -
• The surface of a water puddle evaporates during the day.
• Water is turned into steam when it comes to boiling.

Additional Information

• Sublimation:
• It is the conversion of a substance from the solid to the gaseous state without its becoming liquid.
• Example - The vaporization of frozen carbon dioxide (dry ice) at ordinary atmospheric pressure and temperature.
• Condensation:
• It is the process where water vapor becomes liquid i.e. it is the reverse of evaporation, where liquid water becomes a vapor.
• Example - The cold surface of your can or bottle causes the moisture in the warm air to condense on its surface, causing droplets to form.
• Crystallisation:
• It is a process of concentrating a solution to a supersaturated state to cause the formation of solid particles in a homogeneous phase.
• Example - Ice and snowflakes are great examples of the crystallization of water.

The correct answer is 1210.2 Million.

Key Points

• The population of the nation as per the provisional figures of Census 2011 is 1210.19 million.
• 623.7 million (51.54%) are males and 586.46 million (48.46%) are females.
• Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India its population is more than the population of Brazil.

Additional Information

• Census India:
• The decennial Census of India has been conducted 15 times, as of 2011.
• While it has been undertaken every 10 years, beginning in 1872 under British Viceroy Lord Mayo, the first complete census was taken in 1881.
• Post-1949, it has been conducted by the Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India under the Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India.

The correct answer is Aravalli Range.

Key Points

• Guru Shikhar:
• Guru Shikhar is a peak in the Arbuda Mountains of the Sirohi district in Rajasthan.
• It is the highest point of the Aravalli Range and Rajasthan.
• Abu hills:
• Mount Abu is a hill station in the Aravalli Range in the Sirohi district of the state of Rajasthan in western India.
• The mountain forms a rocky plateau 22 km long by 9 km wide.
• Aravalli Range:
• The Aravalli Range is a mountain range in Northern-Western India, running approximately 670 km in a south-west direction.
• It starts near Delhi, passes through southern Haryana, Rajasthan, and ends in Ahmedabad, Gujarat.

Additional Information

• Himalayas:
• The Himalayas, or Himalaya, are a mountain range in Asia, separating the plains of the Indian subcontinent from the Tibetan Plateau.
• Mount Everest at 8,848 m is not only the highest peak in the Himalayas, but the highest peak on the entire planet.
• Western Ghats:
• Western ghats are chain of mountains running parallel to India's western coast, approximately 30-50 km inland, traversing the States of Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Goa, Maharashtra and Gujarat.
• Their highest peak is Anaimudi, located in Kerala.
• Pir Panjal Range:
• The Pir Panjal Range is a group of mountains in the Lesser Himalayan region, running from east-southeast to west-northwest across the Indian territories of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir, and Punjab.
• Manimahesh Kailash Peak at 5,653 meters is the highest peak in the Pir Panjal range.

The correct answer is 1969.

Key Points

• The Registration of Births and Deaths Act, 1969,
• It extends to the whole of India.
• It defines birth as both live and stillbirths.
• It defines death as the permanent disappearance of all evidence of life at any time after live birth has taken place.
• State governments appoint Chief Registrars and other such officers at different levels of the administration who dispense these duties.

Additional Information

Objectives of the 'Central Birth and Death Registration Act, 1969':

• Countries need to know how many people are born and die each year and the main causes of their deaths.
• This is done in order to have well-functioning health systems and other administrative policies in place.
• The only way to count everyone and track all births and deaths is through civil registration.

Age Group Pyramids:

The correct answer is Length.

Key Points

• Waterfall:
• A waterfall is a point in a river or stream where water flows over a vertical drop or a series of steep drops.
• Waterfalls also occur where meltwater drops over the edge of a tabular iceberg or ice shelf.
• Types of Waterfalls:
• Waterfalls are classified into 10 different types depending on the way they descend.
• The descend depends on the width of the river, the height of the fall, as well as the volume of water being carried.
• Thus, length is not taken into consideration.
• Examples
• Punchbowl Waterfalls, Plunge Waterfalls, Multi-step Waterfalls, Horsetail Waterfalls, Frozen Waterfalls, Fan Waterfalls, Chutes, Cataracts, Cascades, and Block Waterfalls.

Additional Information

• Kunchikal Falls in Shimoga District Karnataka is the highest waterfall in India with a height of 1493 feet.
• Chitrakote waterfall is Chhattisgarh's largest and most water-logged waterfall.
• Due to the similar shape of horse feet, this fall is also called Niagara of India.

The correct answer is Chemical Change.

Key Points

• Chemical Change:
• Chemical changes occur when a substance combines with another to form a new substance, called chemical synthesis or, alternatively, chemical decomposition into two or more different substances.
• These processes are called chemical reactions and, in general, are not reversible except by further chemical reactions.
• Corrosion of an Iron Nail:
• ​The corrosion of iron indicates a chemical change in the metal.
• Rust (hydrous oxide) is an example of this change that results when the iron is exposed to water or damp air.
• A thin film of oxide forms on the iron which protects the metal from further corrosion by slowing the rate of oxidation.

Additional Information

• Physical Change:
• A physical reaction is a reaction in which a change to the physical properties, such as density, mass, and volume, of a material or substance occurs.
• The physical reaction definition is a reaction in which molecules undergo molecular rearrangement but are not chemically altered.
• Mechanical Change:
• ​Mechanical change is caused by any process that involves a purely physical as opposed to a chemical or biological change or process.
• For example, erosion of rocks.
• Biological Change
• Biological change involves changes happening to the physical and biological condition of a living organism.
• The most obvious are the physical changes,
• for example, increases in height, acquisition of muscle mass, the distribution of body fat, and the development of secondary sexual characteristics.

The correct answer is 70.5.

Key Points

• Coffee production in India is dominated in the hill tracts of South Indian states.
• Karnataka lead the rosters in 2021, accounting for 70.5%, with Kodagu alone producing 33% of India's coffee.
• It is followed by Kerala with 21% and Tamil Nadu with 5% of overall production.

Additional Information

• The northern part of India is the biggest producer at about 83% of the country's annual tea production in 2021-22.
• The majority of the production comes from Assam followed by West Bengal.

The correct answer is Dryness.

Key Points

• Type B Climate or Dry:
• Type B designates climates in which the controlling factor on vegetation is dryness (rather than coldness).
• Aridity is not a matter of precipitation alone but is defined by the relationship between the precipitation input to the soil in which the plants grow and the evaporative losses.

Additional Information

• 5 Types of Climates
• A or Tropical - In this hot and humid zone, the average temperatures are greater than 64°F (18°C) year-round and there are more than 59 inches of precipitation each year.
• B or Dry - These climate zones are so dry because moisture is rapidly evaporated from the air and there is very little precipitation.
• C or Temperate - In this zone, there are typically warm and humid summers with thunderstorms and mild winters.
• D or Continental - These regions have warm to cool summers and very cold winters and in the winter, this zone can experience snowstorms, strong winds, and very cold temperatures, sometimes falling below -22°F (-30°C)!
• E or Polar - In the polar climate zones, it’s extremely cold and even in summer, the temperatures here never go higher than 10°C.

The correct answer is Solar.

Key Points

• Climate: 
• Climate is the long-term form of weather, truly says that it is an average form of weather over a period of 30 years.
• Major Elements of Climate: There are some major elements that are usually responsible for climate change, 
• Humidity
• Temperature
• Atmospheric Pressure
• Precipitation
• Wind

The correct answer is ​Total internal reflection.

Key Points

• Total internal reflection
• It is the complete reflection of a ray of light within a medium such as water or glass from the surrounding surfaces back into the medium.
• The phenomenon occurs if the angle of incidence is greater than a certain limiting angle, called the critical angle.
• Examples -
• The formation of a mirage.
• Shining of an empty test tube in water.
• Shining of a crack in a glass vessel.
• Sparkling of a diamond.
• Transmission of light rays in an optical fibre.

Additional Information

• Dispersion
• Dispersion is defined as the spreading of white light into its full spectrum of wavelengths.
• Examples - 
• Rainbow formation,
• Petrol poured on the water will show different colours,
• The prism splits the light into different colours on passing through it,
• Dispersion of colours in soap bubbles, etc.
• Diffraction
• Diffraction is the spreading of waves around obstacles.
• Examples - 
• X-Ray Diffraction,
• Water passing from a small gap,
• Solar or lunar corona, sound, etc.
• Reflection
• Reflection occurs when a light ray hits a surface and bounces off and returns to the medium from which it originated.
• Examples - 
• Reflection of light in the mirror, in a water pool, glowing stars, lighting of the moon at night, etc.

The correct answer is USSR.

Key Points

• Indian constitution borrowed fundamental duties and the ideal of justice (social, economic, and political) in the preamble from the USSR.
• Fundamental Duties:
• Abide by the Constitution and respect the national flag & National Anthem
• Follow ideals of the freedom struggle
• Protect sovereignty & integrity of India
• Defend the country and render national services when called upon
• Spirit of common brotherhood
• Preserve composite culture
• Preserve natural environment
• Develop scientific temper
• Safeguard public property
• Strive for excellence
• Duty of all parents/guardians to send their children in the age group of 6-14 years to school.

Additional Information

• The idea of the Republic and ideals of liberty, equality, and fraternity in the Preamble are borrowed from France.
• The model for Fundamental Rights in India has been taken from the Constitution of the USA.
• Fundamental Rights:
• Right to Equality (Article 14-18)
• Right to Freedom (Article 19-22)
• Right against Exploitation (Article 23-24)
• Right to Freedom of Religion (Article 25-28)
• Cultural and Educational Rights (Article 29-30)
• Right to Constitutional Remedies (Article 32)
• The concept of suspension of Fundamental Rights during an emergency has been borrowed from Germany.

The correct answer is Decrease blood sugar level.

Key Points

• Apple cider vinegar can help manage blood sugar, improve symptoms of PCOS and promote weight loss.
• A typical dose is 1 to 2 tablespoons (15–30 ml) mixed with water and taken before or after meals.
• Apple Cider Vinegar:
• Apple cider vinegar, or cider vinegar, is a vinegar made from fermented apple juice.
• It is used in salad dressings, marinades, vinaigrettes, food preservatives, and chutneys.

Additional Information

• Apple Cider Vinegar vs. White Vinegar
• Apple cider vinegar contains about five to six percent acetic acid, while white vinegar contains five to ten percent.
• This higher acid concentration makes most white vinegar more acidic than their apple-based counterpart.
• Apple cider vinegar has more nutritional value because of the added bonus of fruit in it.

Given:

The ratio of smaller to larger number is 6 ∶ 11 respectively

If 66.66% of the smaller number is 21 less than the 50% of the larger number

Calculation:

The ratio of smaller to larger number is 6 ∶ 11 respectively

let 6x and 11x be the smaller number and larger number,

\(66\frac{2}{3}% \times 6x + 21 = 50% \times 11x\) 

\(\frac{2}{3} \times 6x + 21 = \frac{1}{2} \times 11x\)

\(2 \times 2x + 21 = \frac{1}{2} \times 11x\)

\(4x + 21 = \frac{11x}{2}\)

\( 21 = \frac{11x}{2} - 4x\)

\( \frac{3x}{2} = 21 \)

x = 14

Smaller number = 6 × 14 = 84

Larger number = 11 × 14 = 154

200 - Smaller number = 200 - 84 = 116

The smaller number what percent less than 200 = \(\frac{116}{200} \times 100\)

= 58%

Answer is 58%.

Given:

Ratio of the two natural numbers = 11 ∶ 7

If 2 is added to the smaller number and 2 is subtracted from the larger number, then the ratio of smaller to larger number becomes 5 ∶ 7

Calculation:

let the two numbers be 11x and 7x 

\(\frac{7x +2}{11x-2}=\frac{5}{7}\)

49x + 14 = 55x - 10

6x = 24

x = 4

Smaller number = 7 × 4 = 28

Larger number = 11 × 4 = 44

Sum of the numbers is = 28 + 44

= 72

Answer is 72.

Alternate MethodGiven:

Ratio of the two natural numbers = 11 ∶ 7

Calculation:

Sum of the numbers is asked,

7 units + 11 units = 18 units 

then, the sum must be a divisible by 18,

From the options, 72 is the only number that is divisible by 18

Answer is 72.

Given:

Rishabh marked an article 12.5% above its cost price

When he sold the article, he earns a profit which is 10% of the cost price of an article

Formula used:

Discount% = \(\frac{Marked \ Price - Selling \ Price}{Marked \ Price} \times 100\)

Calculation:

let cost price be 100%,

Rishabh marked an article 12.5% above its cost price

Marked Price = 100% + 12.5%

= 112.5%

When he sold the article, he earns a profit which is 10% of the cost price of an article

Selling Price = 100% + 10% ( profit )

= 110%

Discount% = \(\frac{Marked \ Price - Selling \ Price}{Marked \ Price} \times 100\)

= \(\frac{112.5% - 110%}{112.5%} \times 100\)

= \(\frac{2.5}{112.5} \times 100\)

= \(\frac{2500}{1125}\)

= 2.222%(approx)

Discount % = 2.22%

Answer is 2.22%.

Given:

The ratio of marked price to cost price of a blanket is 4 ∶ 3

Daya gives a discount of 12.5% but still earns a profit of Rs. 150

Formula used:

Selling Price = \(Marked \ Price \times \frac{100-Discount}{100}\)

Selling Price = \(Cost\ Price \times \frac{100+Profit}{100}\)

Discount  = Marked Price - Selling Price

Calculation:

let Marked price and Cost price be 4x and 3x,

Daya gives a discount of 12.5% but still earns a profit of Rs. 150

Selling Price = \(Marked \ Price \times \frac{100-Discount}{100}\)

= \(4x \times \frac{100-12.5}{100}\)

= \(4x \times \frac{87.5}{100}\)

= 3.5x

Profit = Selling Price - Cost Price

3.5x - 3x = 150

.5x = 150

x = 300

Marked Price = 4 × 300 = 1200

Cost Price = 3 × 300 = 900

If Daya wants to earn a profit of 20%,

Selling Price = \(Cost\ Price \times \frac{100+Profit}{100}\)

= \(900 \times \frac{100+20}{100}\)

= \(9 \times 120\)

= 1080

Discount  = Marked Price - Selling Price

= 1200 - 1080

= 120

Answer is Rs.120.