DSSSB Grade 4 Previous Paper (Held on: 3 Sept 2019 shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

Hunger is the feeling of need for food.

Similarly,

Thirsty is the feeling of need for water.

‘Thirsty’ is related in the same way as the words of the first pair.

Hence, “thirsty” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

Hence, “JM” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

Hence, “P35S” is the correct answer.

Arranging them according to the given information,

Given,

B and C go in the first batch

B and H have to go together, so H is in the first batch

A and C never go together, so A is in the second batch

D and F do not go together

Case 1:

Case 2:

Among the given options A, D, E and G are in the second batch.

Hence, “A, D, E and G” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

All follow the same pattern, except ‘TR’.

Hence, “TR” is the odd one out.

Drawing the diagram according to the given information,

Number of students = 33 + 6 + 1(Sagar) = 40

Hence, “40” is the correct answer.

Comb is a tool for arranging the hair.

Similarly,

Knife is used to cut vegetables.

Hence, “knife: vegetables” is the correct answer.

The colour of grass is green.

But,

Green is called time.

Hence, “time” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

(or)

Hence, "CM" is wrong term in the series.

The pattern followed is,

Hence, “256” is the correct answer.

According to the given information,

Code for kill is ‘X’.

Hence, “X” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

Option 1 → Libero is a player with defensive skills in Volleyball

Option 2 → Bowling is an action in cricket

Option 3 → Point guard is in a basketball game, not hockey

Option 4 → Goal keeper is a player in football who stops the ball from entering the goal.

Hence, “point guard: hockey” is the odd pair.

The pattern followed is,

Similarly,

Hence, “IFH” is the correct answer.

According to the given information,

Course of Action I: This does not follow, because only the ban of pesticides does not help in reducing pollutions, as there are other factors also for pollution.

Course of Action II: This also does not follow, there are several factors which cause pollution and it is not only one person who cause pollution, so finding all of them is difficult even though there is a committee.

Hence, “neither I nor II” follows.

Arranging them according to the given information,

Five members have to be chosen, at least three cricketers must be in the group.

If Arun is chosen, Priya is not chosen.

Since, Arun is a cricketer there is a chance of selecting two other cricketers.

Aditya is definitely in the group, since he did not refuse to work with anybody.

Any one between Nitesh and Mohseen is selected, because Nitesh refuses to work with Mohseen.

So,

If Arun is chosen, Aditya would have to be definitely in the group.

Hence, “Aditya” is the correct answer.

Arranging them according to the given information,

Jivan sits at the extreme right end of the line. Only four people sit between Jivan and Sneha

Both Kajal and Pooja are immediate neighbours of Sneha.

Case 1:

Case 2:

Only two people sit between Pooja and Pranjali.

Pranjali is not an immediate neighbour of Jivan.

Arjun sits second to left of Priya.

Here case 1 is eliminated, because if Pranjali sits right side two places away from Pooja the condition ‘Arjum sits second to left of Priya’ is not satisfied.

Case 2:

Sneha, Kajal sits exactly between Pooja and Pranjali.

Hence, “Sneha, Kajal” is the correct answer.

According to the given information,

1. Rahul’s Ball is heavier than Virat’s and costlier than Rohit’s.
2. Dhoni’s ball is costlier than Rahul’s but lighter than Kedhar’s.
3. Rohit’s ball is costlier than Virat’s.

The correct order according to weight is,

• Rahul > Virat
• Kedhar > Dhoni > Rahul

Nothing about weight of Rohit’s ball is mentioned

The correct order according to price is,

• Kedhar > Dhoni > Rahul > Rohit > Virat

Kedhar’s ball is the costliest.

Hence, “Kedhar” is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is,

Conclusion I: All whites are reds → False (This is definitely false)

Conclusion II: All reds are oranges → True (This is definitely true)

Hence, “only conclusion II” follows.

Sister, Father, and Mother are direct blood relations.

Whereas,

Father – in – law is not a direct blood relation.

Hence, “Father – in – law” is the odd one out.

The pattern followed is,

Similarly,

Hence, “OKDIJT” is the correct answer.

The logic followed here is:

Given Expression:

9 ÷ 6 + 3 – 7

Interchanging the signs + and ÷, and numbers 9 and 6 we get:

6 + 9 ÷ 3 – 7

Using the BODMAS rule we get:

⇒ 6 + 9 ÷ 3 – 7

⇒ 6 + 3 - 7

⇒ 9 - 7

⇒ 2

Hence, the correct answer is "2".

The pattern followed is,

Option 1 → 31 and 17 are prime numbers, while 36 is not a prime number

Option 2 →  37, 59 and 53 are prime numbers

Option 3 → 71, 73 and 37 are prime numbers

Option 4 → 11, 17 and 53 are prime numbers

Except in option 1, all numbers are prime numbers.

Hence, “(31, 36, 17)” is the odd one.

The pattern followed is,

Thus we can see here 290 is the wrong term.

The correct series is given below:

‘292’ should be in the place of 290.

Hence, “290” is the wrong term

The pattern followed is,

In all the given figures, except in figure , the outer most figure and inner most figure are same.

Whereas,

In figure 3 they are different.

Hence, option 3 is the odd one.

The pattern followed is,

The parts of the diagram highlighted are moving anticlockwise and in the second figure it is moving only one place, in the third figure by two places, in the fourth figure by three places, and in the fifth figure it will move four places.

The figure which will come next in the pattern is,

Hence, option 4 is the correct answer.

The mirror image of the given figure is,

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

The symbols on the circle are moving anti – clock wise by one position and the symbol on the top is painted.

The figure which will come next in the pattern is,

Hence, option 2 is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

‘106’ should be in place of 105.

Hence, “105” is the wrong number.

The pattern followed is,

(Second number)² – (first number)² = third number

For the first column:

11² – 1²

121 – 1 = 120

For second column:

7² – 2²

49 – 4 = 45

For third column:

5² – 3²

25 – 9 = 16

Hence, “16” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

Row wise:

The lines are drawn inside the figure to obtain the second figure, and in the third figure the lines added are only left and the remaining part is eliminated.

The figure which will come next in the pattern is,

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

Nephews are males and  can be cousins also.

Cousins can be both male and nephews.

The correct Venn diagram is,

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

The figure which will complete the given pattern is,

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

According to the given figures,

‘2’ is opposite to ‘4’

‘3’ is opposite to ‘5’

And,

‘1’ is opposite to ‘6’

‘6’ is at the face opposite to the face having 1 dot.

Hence, “6” is the correct answer.

According to the given diagram,

The shaded part represents smokers who are tobacco chewers, but not alcohol addicts i.e., 2.

Hence, “2” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

Each term in the series is divisible by 2 except 171

98 ÷ 2 = 49

36 ÷ 2 = 18

164 ÷ 2 = 82

171 ÷ 2 = Not divisible

Hence, “171” is the odd number.

The sequence in the original set (240, 251, 264) shows an increase by 11 from 240 to 251, and then by 13 from 251 to 264.

The mathematical relationship here is a sequential increase, first by 11 and then by 13.

Applying this to the options:

• Option 1 → (320, 330, 344) → 320 + 10 = 330, 330 + 14 = 344
• Option 2 → (320, 329, 344) → 320 + 9 = 329, 329 + 15 = 344
• Option 3 → (320, 331, 343) → 320 + 11 = 331, 331 + 12 = 343
• Option 4 → (320, 331, 344) → 320 + 11 = 331, 331 + 13 = 344

Option 4 (320, 331, 344) exactly follows the same increment pattern as the original set:

• An increase of +11 from the first to the second number (320 + 11 = 331)
• An increase of +13 from the second to the third number (331 + 13 = 344)

Therefore, option 4 (320, 331, 344) is indeed the correct answer as it mirrors the additive pattern of the initial sequence.

The given figure is embedded in,

Hence, option 3 is the correct answer.

The number of squares in the given figure are,

Hence, “8” is the correct answer.

The pattern followed is,

Option 1 → 72: 12 → 12 × 6 = 72

Option 2 → 114: 19 → 19 × 6 = 114

Option 3 → 78: 13 → 13 × 6 = 78

Option 4 → 119: 17→ 17 × 6 = 102, not 119

All follow the same pattern, except ‘119: 17’.

Hence, “119: 17” is the odd number pair.

Given statement is,

S = A < P > R ≤ T < U

Conclusion I: U > A

This does not follow, there is no direct relation.

Conclusion II: S ≤ T

This also does not follow, there is no direct relation.

Hence, “neither conclusion” follows.

• Caesium (Cs-133) is used as timekeeper in atomic clocks.
• Cesium is used because of its high resonant frequency of 9,192,631,770 Hz.
• Atomic clocks are the most accurate timekeeping device with an error of about 1 second in 100 million years.
• They are used to calculate International Atomic Time (IAT), local time around the world and in satellite navigation system.

The correct answer is option 2 i.e. Lycopene

• The National Annual Rural Sanitation Survey (NARSS) 2018-19, found that 96.5% of the households in rural India who have access to a toilet use it.
• The survey also re-confirmed the Open Defecation Free (ODF) status of 90.7% of villages.
• The survey was conducted between November 2018 and February 2019, covering 92040 households in 6136 villages across the country.

The correct answer is Maharashtra.

• Maharashtra is the richest state in India in 2019.
• Maharashtra has extensive IT industries.
• Mumbai (the capital of Maharashtra) is also called the economic capital of India.
• The current GDP of Maharashtra lies at INR 25.35 lakh crore.
• Tamil Nadu has the second-richest state in India 2019.
• Uttar Pradesh got 3^rd rank in terms of richness.
• Uttar Pradesh (UP) currently has a GDP of INR 14.46 lakh crore.

• A team of scientists from Delhi University and the Wildlife Institute of India have discovered a new species of ‘paddy frog’ in Assam.
• The frog belongs to the microhylid genus Micryletta, a group of narrow-mouthed frogs.
• The new species has been named Aishani.
• The first known species of this genus was originally described from Sumatra in Indonesia.

• Nyishi is one of the major ethnic groups and major tribes in the northeastern state of  Arunachal Pradesh.
• It is also known by the name Bangni and Dafla in some areas of Arunachal Pradesh.
• The people belonging to the Nyishi tribe are also found in eastern Bhutan and they speak Tibeto-Burman language of the Sino-Tibetan family. They support themselves with slash-and-burn agriculture and with hunting and fishing.
• Adis, Buguns, Hrusso, Singphos, Mishmis, Sherdukpens, Tagins, Wanchos, Noctes, and Khambas and Membas are other major tribes of the Arunachal Pradesh.

Finance Minister Arun Jaitley announced ₹ 10,000 crores for the fisheries & aqua-culture and animal husbandry fund, during his Budget speech. He also said that Kisan credit cards will be extended to fisheries and animal husbandry farmers. He added that exports for agriculture commodities will be liberalised.

The correct answer is 1912.

• In 1912 year, Vitamin A was discovered.
• Vitamin A was discovered by Hopkins.
• Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin.
• Vitamin A is responsible for the vision and the immune system.
• Vitamin A also helps skin grow and repair skin.
• Vitamin A deficiency can lead to night blindness.

Sources of Vitamin A:

• Cantaloupe
• Carrots
• Pumpkin
• Sweet potatoes
• Winter squash
• Dark green, leafy vegetables
• Broccoli

• Indirect tax is not directly levied on the taxpayers.
• This tax is often levied on goods and services which results in their higher prices.
• A few examples of indirect taxes in India include service tax, central excise and customs duty, and value added tax (VAT).
• Goods and Service Tax (GST) is an indirect tax levied on the supply of goods and services. GST is one indirect tax for the entire country.
• Direct Taxes, as the name suggests, are taxes that are directly paid to the government by the taxpayer.
• It is a tax applied on individuals and organizations directly by the government e.g. income tax, corporation tax, wealth tax etc.

• Sitar player Manju Mehta was conferred with the 'Tansen Samman' for 2018 by the Madhya Pradesh government.
• The award was given for her contribution in the field of music.
• She was given a cash award of Rs 2 lakh and a memento.
• She was presented with the award at the inaugural ceremony of the Tansen Music Festival on 25 December 2018.

Option 2 is correct, i.e. Pune, Maharashtra.

• A Military Exercise is when the Military uses it’s resources in training and exploring the effects of warfare or testing strategies to prepare for actual combat.

Know about Maharashtra:-

• Formed: 1 May 1960.
• Offcial Languages: Marathi, Varhadi, Khandeshi, Konkani.
• Major Art Forms:–
• Dance – Lavani, Koli Dance, Dindi, Dhangari Gaja, Kala Warli Paintings
• Music – Owi, Abhang, Palane, Marathi Natya Sangeet.
• Geographical Indications: 
• Kolhapuri chappals & Jaggery.
• Ratnagiri & Devgad Hapus.
• Mahabaleshwar’s strawberries, Nashik’s grapes, Nashik Valley wine, Jalgaon’s brinjals, Nagpur’s oranges.
• Solapur Chaddar, Solapur Terry towel, Puneri Pagadi.
• Paithani sarees & fabrics, Warli painting.
• Marathwada’s Kesar mango, Dahanu Gholvad chikoo, Jalgaon banana.
• Mulshi Ambemohar rice & Bhiwapur chili.

The correct answer is ​Palm Tree.

• In Palm Tree annual growth rings are absent.
• Dendrochronology is the scientific method of dating tree rings.
• Dendrochronology is useful for determining the precise age.
• Horizontal cross-sections cut through the trunk of a tree reveals growth rings.
• Temperate zones trees have more clear rings.
• Tree rings are used for radiocarbon measurements.
• Dendrochronological techniques require the presence of annual growth rings, which are commonly said to be absent in tropical trees like Palm trees and Mangrove trees.

• Ukai Dam is constructed across river Tapi.
• Ukai Dam is the second-largest reservoir in Gujarat after the Sardar Sarovar Dam.
• Tapi river is a westward flowing river.
• Tapi river flows parallel to the Narmada river and drains in the Arabian Sea.
• Tapi river originates from Multai, Madhya Pradesh.

The correct answer is ​Fathometer.

• A device used in measuring ocean depths. This device uses the velocity known from the sounds made through the water.

Additional Information

• For measuring wind speed and direction an anemometer is used.
• It is also a common weather station instrument.
• An altimeter is an instrument used to measure the altitude of an object.
• Paul Kollsman invented the world's first accurate Barometric Altimeter.
• The barometer measures atmospheric pressure.
• Evangelista Torricelli invented the barometer.

• Karewas are lacustrine deposits (deposits in a lake) in the valley of Kashmir and in Bhadarwah Valley of the Jammu division of Jammu and Kashmir.
• These are the flat-topped mounds that border the Kashmir valley on all sides. They are characterized by fossils of mammals and at places by peat. The various crops grown in this area are saffron, almond, apples, walnut, peaches, pears, cherry and plum.
• Ling nut is grown in tropical and subtropical areas of West Bengal, Bihar and Jharkhand.

Union Minister of Health and Family Welfare Jagat Prakash Nadda said India has seen a decline in its Maternal Mortality Ratio from 167 to 130. India's MMR has significantly fallen from 167 in 2011-13 to the present figure of 130, as per the latest Sample Registration System figures. Ministry of Health and Family Welfare has implemented various schemes to increase access to quality healthcare

The correct answer is Japan.

• Japan gifted Manipur, the Imphal Peace Museum.
• It is built on the memories of the Battle of Imphal (during 2^nd World War).
• The inauguration marked the 75^th anniversary of the Battle of Imphal.
• The Imphal Peace Museum was inaugurated at Red Hill.
• The museum is funded by Nippon Foundation(Japan).
• Japanese War Memorial was also built at Red Hill to mark the 50th anniversary of the battle in 1994.

• Digboi is known as the Oil City of Assam where the first oil well in Asia was drilled.
• The first refinery was started here as early as 1901 by Assam Oil Company Ltd.
• Digboi has the oldest oil well in operation.
• The Indian Oil Corporation Ltd (IOC) took over the refinery and marketing management of Assam Oil Company Ltd. with effect from 1981 and created a separate division.

• The Regional Integrated Multi-Hazard Early Warning System (RIMES) for Africa and Asia has termed cyclone ‘Titli’ as ‘rarest of rare cyclone’.
• Cyclone 'Titli' struck Odisha in October 2018.
• It is the rarest of rare in terms of its characteristics such as recurvature after landfall and retaining its destructive potential.
• RIMES is a 45-nation international organisation on disaster warning.

The correct answer is Jammu and Kashmir.

Key Points 

• Mela Kheer Bhawani festival was celebrated in Jammu and Kashmir in the month of June.
• Every year, thousands of Kashmiri Pandits visit temple on Zeasht Ashtami .
• The Kheer Bhawani mela is one of the biggest religious functions of the Kashmiri Pandits.
• The mela has become a symbol of communal harmony. Muslims in this locality make all the arrangements for the devotees that include setting up of stalls for flowers and other offerings.

The correct answer is Copper.

• The copper metal was used in India for the first time.
• The first metal age of India is called the Chalcolithic Age.
• The Chalcolithic is also known as the Copper Age.
• Copper Age is the transitional period between the Neolithic and the Bronze Age.
• Sher Shah Suri introduced the first silver coin.
• It was termed as the Rupiya.
• The Indo-Greeks were the first rulers in India to issue coins.
• The Indo-Greeks were the first to issue gold coins in India.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e. Chausa in 1539 A.D.

Key Points

• The Battle of Chausa took place between Mughal Emperor Humayun and Afghan Sher Shah Suri.
• It was fought on 26 June 1539 at Chausa, 10 miles southwest of Buxar in modern-day Bihar, India.
• Humayun was defeated in the battle.

Additional Information

• The Battle of Ghaghra in 1529 was the last war of Babur in India.
• The battle was fought with the Afghans, on the confluence of the Ganga and its tributary, the Ghaghra, on 6th May 1529
• The First Battle of Panipat, on 21 April 1526, was fought between the invading forces of Babur and the Lodi Kingdom.
• It took place in north India and marked the beginning of the Mughal Empire and the end of the Delhi Sultanate.
• The Battle of Khanwa was fought near the village of Khanwa, in Bharatpur District of Rajasthan, on March 16, 1527.
• It was fought between the invading forces of the first Mughal Emperor Babur and the Rajput forces led by Rana Sanga of Mewar, after the Battle of Panipat.

• The Guide is a novel written by the Indian author, R. K. Narayan. It was published in 1958.
• The novel focuses on the protagonist, a tour guide and his journey into becoming a spiritual guide.
• The novel won the Sahitya Akademi Award in 1960.
• It was also adapted into the film "Guide" which was released in 1965 and starred Waheeda Rehman and Dev Anand.

The correct answer is Civil Disobedience.

Key Points

• The Gandhi-Irwin Pact was associated with the civil disobedience movement of India.
• The agreement was signed by Mahatma Gandhi and Lord Irwin.
• The pact was signed on 5^th March 1931.
• Arranged before the second round table conference in London.
• As per Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Gandhiji discontinued the Civil Disobedience movement and agreed to attend the second round table conference.
• Proposed conditions of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact are:

1. Participation by the Indian National Congress in the Second Round Table Conference.
2. Removal of the tax on salt.
3. Withdrawal of all ordinances imposing curbs on the activities of the Indian National Congress issued by the Government of India.
4. Discontinuation of Salt March.

• Non-Co-operation movement was the first mass political movement led by Gandhiji.
• Started in 1920.
• Main goal: The attainment of Swaraj.
• Rowlatt Act was passed on 6^th February 1919.
• Gandhiji called this act as 'The Black Act'.
• Lord Chelmsford was the British viceroy during the Rowlatt Act.
• Quit India resolution was passed on 8^th August 1942.
• The failure of the Crips mission was the immediate cause of the Quit India movement.
• "Quit India" was the famous slogan raised during this movement.

• Shashi Tharoor has written the book named "Bookless in Baghdad".
• Shashi Tharoor is an Indian Politician and writer.
• Vikram Seth has written the book named "Two Lives".
• Arundhati Roy is a famous Indian writer who has won the Man Booker prize for her book "The God of small things".
• Chetan Bhagat is a famous Indian writer who has written various books like "Two States" and "Five points someone".

• The headquarters of the International Olympic Committee (IOC) is situated, Lausanne.
• Lausanne is a capital city in Canton of Vaud in Romandy, Switzerland.
• International Olympic Committee is a Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) authorized to organized modern summer and winter Olympics games.
• It is founded in 1894 by Pierre de Coubertin and Demetrios Vikelas.
• International Olympic Committee consists of 95 active members and 44 honorary members.
• Thomas Bach is the current president of the International Olympic Committee (2020).

The correct answer is Bharat Ratna.

• ‘Bharat Ratna’, the highest civilian Award of the country, was instituted in the year 1954.
• Any person without distinction of race, occupation, position or sex is eligible for these awards.
• The recommendations for Bharat Ratna are made by the Prime Minister himself to the President.
• The number of annual awards is restricted to a maximum of three in a particular year.

Additional Information

• The first-ever awardees to receive this award were Chandrasekhara Venkata Raman, C. Rajagopalachari, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan in 1954.
• In fact, our former President, Shri A. P. J Abdul Kalam is also a recipient of this esteemed honor (1997).
• Two non-Indians received Bharat Ratna - Khan Abdul Ghaffar Khan (1987) and Nelson Mandela (1990).

The correct answer is Option 3, i.e 1 and 3.

• In a gana or a sangha there were not one, but many rulers. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• Sometimes, even when thousands of men ruled together, each one was known as a raja.
• These rajas performed rituals together.
• They also met in assemblies, and decided what had to be done and how, through discussion and debate.
• For example, if they were attacked by an enemy, they met to discuss what should be done to meet the threat. However, women, dasas and kammakaras could not participate in these assemblies.
• Both the Buddha and Mahavira belonged to ganas or sanghas (and NOT Mahajanpadas). Hence, statement 2 is NOT correct.
• Buddha belonged to the Sakya Clan.
• Mahavir belonged to an aristocratic family and Kshatriya clan called Naya or Jnatri.
• The sixth century BCE is often regarded as a major turning point in early Indian history and associated with the emergence of Mahajanpadas.
• Between the sixth and the fourth centuries BCE, Magadha (in present-day Bihar) became the most powerful mahajanapada.
• Modern historians explain this development in a variety of ways: Magadha was a region where agriculture was especially productive.
• Besides, iron mines (in present-day Jharkhand) were accessible and provided resources for tools and weapons.

The Indian Councils Act 1909 commonly known as the Morley-Minto Reforms was an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that brought about a limited increase in the involvement of Indians in the governance of British India. In the act, the right of separate electorate was given to the Muslims.

The correct answer is Parsi.

Key Points

• The Parsi community established the first Cricket Club in India.
• The Oriental Cricket Club was a cricket club established by the Parsi community.
• The Oriental Cricket Club was established in Mumbai in 1848.
• The Parsis were the first to start cricket in India.
• The Parsi community follows Zoroastrianism.
• It was founded by the Prophet Zoroaster.
• The Iranian New Year is celebrated in India by the Parsi community on March 21, and it is known as Nowruz.

Additional Information

• The initiative for the Parsi community:
• The Ministry of Minority Affairs initiated the Jiyo Parsi Scheme in 2013.
• The main objective of the scheme was to improve the declining trend of the Parsi population.

The correct answer is Aurangzeb.

• Aurangzeb was the sixth emperor of Mughal, who ruled almost the entire Indian subcontinent for a 49-year duration.
• Widely regarded as the Mughal Empire's last successful emperor, Aurangzeb compiled the Fatawa-e-Alamgiri and was among the few monarchs to have completely developed Sharia law and Islamic economics across the Indian subcontinent.
• Aurangzeb was noted for his religious piety; he memorized the whole Qur'an, studied hadiths, and observed Islam's rituals with rigour.
• The religious policy of Akbar was complete toleration.

The correct answer is Joseph Barbera.

Key Points

• Joseph Barbera created the famous Tom and Jerry Cartoon.
• Tom and Jerry are created in 1940 by William Hanna and Joseph Barbera.

Additional Information

• Elzie Crisler Segar was an American cartoonist.
• Elzie Crisler Segar was best known as the creator of Popeye.
• Martin Goodman was an American publisher of pulp magazines and comic books, later became Marvel Comics.
• Walt Disney is famous for Mickey Mouse and Donald Duck.
• He also planned and built Disneyland (amusement park).

Key Points

• Noble Prize is the international award given in Oslo, Norway for outstanding achievement in academics, cultural or scientific fields.
• Dr. Amartya Sen is the only Indian economist who won Noble Prize for Economics in 1998.

Confusion Points

• Abhijit Banerjee is an American citizen.

Additional Information

The list of Noble Prize 2018 winners are given below:

The correct answer is 35 years.

Key Points

• 35 years is the minimum age of the person to be a Governor of the State according to the constitution of India.
• The governor must be a citizen of India.
• He should not be a member of either house of the parliament or house of the state legislature.
• The governor shall not hold any office of profit.
• The governor has the power to summon, prorogue the state legislature.
• He can also dissolve the legislative assembly when it loses confidence.

• The procedure to amend The Indian Constitution was borrowed from The Constitution Of South Africa
• Article 368 grants Parliament the power to amend the Constitution, making it clear that on the exercise of that power “the Constitution shall stand amended”
• It was added in the Constitution during its inception in 1950 itself
• Another feature borrowed from South Africa is the Election of Members Of The Rajya Sabha

The correct answer is Goat.

• Nilgiri Tahr is a Goat.
• The Nilgiri tahr is a brown-colored, wild mountain goat.
• The Western Ghats, the Nilgiris, the Anamallais, and the Nelliampathies are the habitats of Nilgiri Tahr.
• Nilgiri Tahr is the state animal of Tamil Nadu.
• Nilgiri Tahr is also known as Nilgiri Ibex.
• IUCN/other Status:
• It has been listed as “Endangered” by IUCN.
• It has been listed under Schedule 1 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972
• Why in News?
• Nilgiri tahr’s population has increased from 568 in 2018 to 612 in 2019 in the Mukurthi National Park, Tamil Nadu.

The correct answer is 1510.

Key Points

• In 1509, Afonso de Albuquerque became the governor of Portuguese.
• He was the actual founder of Portuguese.
• In 1510, he attacked Adil Shah of Bijapur and captured Goa.
• In 1515, Albuquerque died in India.
• After this victory over the Muslims, the Hindu rulers accepted the Portuguese presence in India.
• Albuquerque planned to use Goa as a naval base against the Muslims, divert the spice trade to it, and use it to supply Persian horses to the Hindu princes.
• In 1498, Vasco da Gama was the first Portuguese to penetrate India.
• He was welcomed by the Zamorin of Calicut.
• Portuguese established their first factory in Cochin (now called Kochi) in Kerala.
• Francisco de Almeida was the first Viceroy of the Portuguese state and its headquarters was Cochin.
• The 'Instrument of Surrender' which ended the Portuguese rule in India was signed on 19th December 1961.
• This ended 450 years of Portuguese in India.
• The movement to end the Portuguese rule was called the Goa Liberation Movement.

The correct answer is Journalism.

• Shaili Chopra is associated with Journalism.
• Shaili Chopra is also an author and entrepreneur.
• She is the founder of SheThePeople.TV.
• Shaili Chopra has won the 2012 Ramnath Goenka Award for Excellence in Business Journalism.
• Books/Works of Shaili Chopra:
• Feminist Rani
• When I Was 25: The Leaders Look Back.
• The Big Connect: Politics in the Age of Social Media.
• Birdies in Business.

The correct answer is 7.

Key Points

• Water polo is typically played in an all-deep pool seven feet (or two meters) deep.
• Special equipment for water polo includes a water polo ball, which floats on the water.
• Water Polo was originally called ‘Water Rugby’ and it used to be played in the rivers and lakes in England.
• William Wilson of the UK is credited for giving rules and regulations for the game of Water Polo during the late 19th century.
• The first time Water Polo was introduced in the Olympics was in 1990 and Women’s Water Polo was introduced ten years later.
• The size of the Water Polo ball is almost the same as a soccer ball or a volleyball.

The correct answer is option 1 i.e., Article 324.

Key Points

• Article 324 includes provision for Election commission.
• Articles 324(1) states that the superintendence, direction, and control of the preparation of the electoral rolls for, and the conduct of, all elections to Parliament and to the Legislature of every State and of elections to the offices of President and Vice-President held under this Constitution shall be vested in a Commission.
• Article 324(2) states that The Election Commission shall consist of the Chief Election Commissioner and a such number of other Election Commissioners.
• Article 143 includes a provision for the Power of the President to consult the Supreme Court.

Additional Information

Given:

In basket B, $8 \frac 1 3 \%$ more apples than that of basket A. In A, a% apples are rotten and in B, 25% more rotten apples than A. If total rotten apples in both the basket together is 32.4% of total apple in both basket.

Calculation:

Let the total number of apples in basket A and B be 12x and 13x respectively 

⇒ number of apples rotten in basket A = 12x × a/100

⇒ number of apples rotten in basket B = {12x × (a)/100} × 1.25

⇒ total rotten apples in both the basket together = 12x × a/100 × (1.25 + 1) = 25x × 32.4/100

⇒ 27a = 810

⇒ a = 30

number of apples rotten in basket B = {12x × (30)/100} × 1.25 = 4.5x

⇒ 25a + 325 = 810

⇒ percentage of rotten apples in basket B = 4.5x/13x × 100 = $34 \frac {8} {13} \%$

Given:

Numbers to be checked are 437, 567, 241, 323

Concept:

Prime numbers have only two factors. one factor is the number itself and the other is 1

Explanation:

Here,

To check a number P is prime or not, select a number N such that N² > P

And check the divisibility of P with all prime numbers below N

To check 437

For 437, N = 21 (∵ 21² = 441 > 437)

Prime numbers below 21 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19

Here, 19 is a factor of 437. 

∴ 437 is not a Prime number

To check 567 

For 567, N = 24 (∵ 24² = 576 > 567)

Prime numbers below 23 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23

Here, 3 and 7 are factors of 567

∴ 567 is not a Prime number

To check 241

For 241, N = 16 (∵ 16²  = 256 >241)

Prime numbers below 16 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13

Here, no number among 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13 are factors of 241

∴ 241 is a Prime number

To check for 323

For 323, N = 18 (∵ 18² = 324 > 323)

Prime numbers below 18 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17

Here, 17 is a factor of 323

∴ 323 is not a Prime number

∴ Correct option is 3. 241 is a Prime number

Given:

The person divides only 41% of his property among his 3 sons

Rohit : Sunil : Anand = 11 : 13 : 17

Sum of shares of Rohit and Sunil = Rs. 72000

Concept:

The remaining property of the person will be Total property - 41% of the Total Property = 59% of the Total Property

Calculation:

The Ratio,  Rohit : Sunil : Anand = 11 : 13 : 17

Let the amount be 11x, 13x, and 17x respectively

Sum of shares of Rohit and Sunil = Rs. 72000

⇒ 11x + 13x = 72000

⇒ x = Rs. 3000

The property divided among the three sons = 11x + 13x + 17x = 41x

⇒ 41x = 41 × 3000 = Rs. 1,23,000

The person divides only 41% of his property among his 3 sons

⇒ 41% of the Total Property = Rs. 1,23,000

∴ Total Property = (1,23,000 × 100)/41 = Rs. 3,00000

The remaining property of the person will be Total property - 41% of the Total Property = 59% of the Total Property

⇒ (59/100) × 300000 = 1,77,000

∴ The remaining property of the person = Rs. 1,77,000

Given:

The average weight of Chintu, Chantu and Pintu = 26 kg

The average weight of Chintu, Chantu = 28 kg

The average weight of Pintu and Tintu = 23 kg

Concept:

Total weight will be the product of Average weight and Number of persons

Calculation:

Total weight of Chiuntu, Chantu and Pintu = 26 × 3 = 78 kg

Total weight of Chintu and Chantu = 28 × 2 = 56 kg

∴ Weight of Pintu = 78 - 56 = 22 kg

Total weight of Pintu and Tintu = 23 × 2 = 46 kg

∴ Weight of Tintu = 46 - 22 = 24 kg

Concept:

(a + b)² = a² + b² + 2 × ab

Calculation:

Let's take a = 0.5 and b = 0.2

a2 + b2 + 2 × ab = (a + b)2 

(0.5)2 + (0.2)2 + 2 × (0.5)(0.2) = (0.5 + 0.2)²

⇒ 0.7² = 0.49

[OR]

(0.5)2 + (0.2)2 + 2 × (0.5)(0.2) = 0.25 + 0.04 + 0.2 = 0.49

Concept:

LCM of fractions = (LCM of Numerators)/(HCF of Denominators)

Calculation:

To find LCM of $\left( \frac {5}{6}, \frac{9}{10}, \frac{8}{9} \right)$

LCM of Numerators = LCM (5, 9, 8) = 360

HCF of Denominators = HCF (6, 10, 9) = 1

∴ LCM of $\left( \frac {5}{6}, \frac{9}{10}, \frac{8}{9} \right)$ =  LCM (5, 9, 8)/HCF (6, 10, 9)

⇒ 360/1 = 360

Concept:

A of B = A × B

Calculation:

(3/4) of 236 + (2/5) of 615

⇒ ((3/4) × 236) + ((2/5) × 615)

⇒ 177 + 246 = 423 

∴ (3/4) of 236 + (2/5) of 615 = 423

Concept:

A of B = A × B

Calculation:

(3/5) of (5/7) of (2/9) of 630 = (3/5) × (5/7) × (2/9) × 630

⇒ (3/5) × (5/7) × (2/9) × 630 = 60

Calculation:

3 × 0.3 × 0.03 × 0.003 × 30 = 3 × (3/10) × (3/100) × (3/1000) × 30

⇒ 2430/1000000 = 0.00243

Given: 

Cost of Bike and Car = 500000

Gain% on Bike = 20%

Loss% on Car = 10%

Total Gain% = 5%

Concept:

Total gain will be the difference between gain on the bike and loss on the car

Calculation:

Cost of Bike and Car = 500000

Let Cost of the bike be X

∴  Cost of the Car = 500000 - X

Gain on the Bike = 20% of x ⇒ (20/100) × X

⇒ X/5

Loss on the Car = 10% of (500000 - X) = (10/100) × (500000 - X)

⇒ (500000 - X)/10

Now,

Total Gain = Difference of Gain on the Bike and Loss on the car

Total Gain% = 5% of 500000 = 25000

⇒ (X/5) - ((500000 - X)/10) = 25000

⇒ 15X = 3750000

X = 250000

∴ Cost of the Bike = 250000

Given:

The money with two persons Anil and Sunil are in the ratio of 3 : 4

Anil can spend money in 5 days and Sunil can spend money in 6 days

Calculation:

The Ratio of the money with two persons Anil and Sunil  = 3 : 4

The ratio of expenditure Per day = (3/5) : (4/6)

Let the number of days be X

⇒ (3 - (3X/5))/(4 - (4X/6)) = 9/20

⇒ (3 - (3X/5)) × 20 = 9 × (4 - (2X/3))

⇒ 60 - 12X = 36 - 6X

⇒ 60 - 36 = (12 - 6)X

⇒ 24 = 6X

∴ X = 4

After 4 days their money be in the ratio of 9 : 20

Given:

A shopkeeper sells shirts in the scheme "Buy 2 Get 1 Free" and earns a profit of $33 \frac 1 3 \%$

Calculation:

Let the Cost Price of one shirt be X

⇒ Cost Price of 3 shirts = 3X

Let the Selling Price of one shirt be Y

⇒ Selling Price of 2 shirts = 2Y

He sells 3 shirts for the price of 2 

∴ Profit = 2Y - 3X

Profit% = $33 \frac 1 3 \%$ = (100/3)%

Profit% = ((2Y - 3X)/3X) × 100

⇒ ((2Y - 3X)/3X) × 100 = (100/3)%

⇒ (2Y - 3X)/X = 1

⇒ Y = 2X

If the Shopkeeper sells the shirts without the scheme,

Selling price = 3Y

∵ Y = 2X

⇒ Selling price = 3Y = 6X

Profit = 6X - 3X = 3X

∴ Profit% = (3X/3X) × 100 = 100%

Given:

Six bells toll together at a certain time and after that, each keeps on tolling at an interval of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 seconds

Concept:

We can find after how many seconds will the six bells toll together by finding the LCM of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 

Calculation:

LCM (5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30) = 300

∴  After 300 seconds the six bells toll together

Given:

On selling the article at the marked price, the profit = 70% of the selling price

 He sells the article at 150% profit of the cost price

The difference between the two selling prices = Rs. 1750

Concept:

Profit percentage is always calculated on C.P unless it is specified to calculate on S.P

Calculation:

For the First case,

On selling the article at the marked price, the profit = 70% of the selling price

P = 70% of S.P₁

⇒ S.P₁ = C.P + (70/100) × S.P₁

⇒ S.P₁ = (10/3) × C.P

For the second case,

 He sells the article at 150% profit of the cost price

S.P₂  = C.P + (150/100) × C.P

⇒ S.P₂ = (5/2) × C.P

The difference between the two selling prices = Rs. 1750

⇒ S.P₁ - S.P₂ = (10/3) × C.P - (5/2) × C.P = 1750

⇒ C.P = 2100

Now, Selling price when it sold at 15% profit

S.P = C.P + (15/100) × C.P

⇒ S.P = 2100 + (15/100) × 2100 = 2415

∴ Selling price when the article is sold at 15% profit = Rs. 2415

Given:

The average age of Raman, Suman and Mohan is 34 years

Five times the age of Mohan seven years ago was equal to four times the age of Suman five years ago

Three times the present age of Suman is equal to two times the present age of Raman

Concept: 

Total age = Average age × Number of persons

Calculation:

Let ages of Raman, Suman, and Mohan be represented as R, S, and M respectively

The average age of Raman, Suman and Mohan is 34 years

(R + S + M)/3 = 34 

⇒ R + S + M = 102   --(1)

Five times the age of Mohan seven years ago was equal to four times the age of Suman five years ago

5 × (M - 7) = 4 × (S - 5)

⇒ 5M - 4S = 15        --(2)

Three times the present age of Suman is equal to two times the present age of Raman

3S = 2R

⇒ R = (3/2) × S        --(3)

(3) in (1) ⇒ (3/2) × S +  S + M = 102

⇒ (5/2) × S + M = 102  --(4)

Equating (2) and (4)

⇒ S = 30

∴ The age of Suman five years hence = S + 5 = 30 + 5 = 35 years

Calculation:

√ 14.44 = 3.8 (∵ √ 1444 = 38)

⇒ 3.8 - 2.5 = 1.3

⇒ 1.3²/1.69

⇒ 1.69/1.69 = 1 

=?

Given:

 $\frac {4^{th}}{7}$ of the employees are men

40% of the men and 60% of the women have 4 - wheeler

40% of the men and m% of the women having 4 - wheeler are married

25% of total 4 - wheeler owner are married

Calculation:

(4/7)^th of the employees are men

⇒ (3/7)^th of the employees are women

Let X be the employees in the Office

Number of Men = (4/7)X

Number of Women = (3/7)X

40% of the men and 60% of the women have 4 - wheeler

Number of employees have 4 wheeler = [(40/100) × (4/7)X] + [(60/100) × (3/7)X] 

Number of employees who have 4 wheeler and are married = [(40/100) × (40/100) × (4/7)X] + [(m/100) × (60/100) × (3/7)X]

25% of total 4 - wheeler owner are married

⇒ (25/100) × [(40/100) × (4/7)X] + [(60/100) × (3/7)X] = [(40/100) × (40/100) × (4/7)X] + [(m/100) × (60/100) × (3/7)X]

⇒ (1/4) × [(2/5) × (4/7)X] + [(3/5) × (3/7)X] = [(2/5) × (2/5) × (4/7)X] + [(m/100) × (3/5) × (3/7)X]

⇒ (1/4) × [(8/35) + [(9/35)] = [(16/175) + (9m/3500)]

⇒ 1260 × m = 14700

∴ m = 14700/1260 = 11.67%

Given:

The ratio of Marked prices of two mobiles = 7 : 5

Discount on the first mobile =  $28 \frac 4 7 \%$ 

Total discount on two mobiles is 20%

Concept:

Discount always is given on Marked Price

Formula used:

Discount = Marked Price - Selling Price

Discount% = [(M.P - S.P)/M.P] × 100

Calculation:

The ratio of Marked prices of two mobiles = 7 : 5

Let Marked prices of mobiles be 7X and 5X respectively

Discount on the first mobile =  $28 \frac 4 7 \%$ = (200/7)%

Selling Price of the first mobile,

S.P₁ = [7X - (7X × (200/700))]

Total Selling price,

S.P_T = [12X - (12X × (20/100))]

∴ Selling Price of the second mobile,

S.P₂ =  [12X - (12X × (20/100))] -  [7X - (7X × (200/700))]

⇒ S.P₂ = 161X/35

Discount% given on the second mobile = Discount% = [(M.P - S.P)/M.P] × 100

⇒ [5X - (161X/35)/(161X/35)] × 100 = 8.6%

∴ The discount given by shopkeeper on second mobile approximately = 8%

Formula used:

a^m × aⁿ = a^{(m + n)}

Calculation:

(?2 × ?6)/(34/?3) = 2243 - 26 + 8

⇒ ?8/(81/?3) = 2187

⇒ ?11/81 = 2187

⇒ ?11 = 2187 × 81

∴ ? approximately = 3

Explanation:

Test of divisibility of 12: A given number is divisible by 12, if the number is divisible by both 3 and 4

Test of divisibility of 3: A given number is divisible by 3, if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3

Test of divisibility of 4: A given number is divisible by 4, if the number formed by last 2 digits is divisible by 4

Here the sum of its individual digits = 1 + 9 + 5 + 4 + 1 + 7 + 4 + 2 = 33

⇒ 33 is divisible by 3

Now,

 Last 2 digits = 42 which is not divisible by 4

∴ 19541742 is not divisible by 12

Test of divisibility of 11:A given number is divisible by 11, if the difference between the sum of digits in odd places and the sum of digits in even places is either 0 or divisible by 11

Here,

Sum of digits at odd places = 1 + 5 + 1 + 4 = 11

Sum of digits at even places = 9 + 4 + 7 + 2 = 22

⇒ difference = 22 - 11 = 11 which is divisible by 11

∴ 19541742 is divisible by 11

Test of divisibility of 13: A number is divisible by 13, if we multiply the last digit by 4 and add that result to rest of the number and if the result got is divisible by 13, then the number will be divisible by 13

Here,

Last digit × 4 = 2 × 4 = 8

Now, 1954174 + 8 = 1954182

Last digit × 4 = 2 × 4 = 8

Now, 195417 + 8 = 195425

Last digit × 4 = 5 × 4 = 20

Now, 19542 + 20 = 19562

Last digit × 4 = 2 × 4 = 8

Now, 1956 + 8 =1964

Last digit × 4 = 4 × 4 = 16

Now, 196 + 16 = 212

Last digit × 4 = 2 × 4 = 8

Now, 21 + 8 = 29, which is not divisible by 13

∴ 9541742 is not divisible by 13

Test of divisibility of 9: A given number is divisible by 9, if the sum of digits is divisible by 9

Sum of digits = 1 + 9 + 5 + 4 + 1 + 7 + 4 + 2 = 33, which is not divisible by 9

∴ 9541742 is not divisible by 9

Given:

Charan is 16 years younger than Amar, while Bharat is 10 years older than charan.

The ratio of the age of charan 6 years hence and age of Bharat 14 years ago is 4 : 3

Calculation:

Let the Present age of Charan be x years

Present age of Amar = x + 16 years

Present age of Bharat = x + 10 years

The ratio of the age of Charan 6 years hence and age of Bharat 14 years ago is 4 : 3

Age of Charan 6 years hence = x + 6

Age of Bharat 14 years ago = x + 10 - 14 = x - 4 years

According to question:

 (x + 6)/(x - 4) = 4/3

⇒ x = 34 years

 Present age of Amar = x + 16 = 34 + 16 = 50 years.

∴ the correct answer is 50 years.

The perimeter of rectangle = 2(l + b), where l and b are length and breadth respectively.

Let the ratio of l ∶ b = 5x ∶ 2x

Perimeter of rectangle = 2(5x + 2x) 

⇒ 14x = 70

⇒ x = 5

Hence, length = 5x = 25 cm and breadth= 2x = 10 cm

Area of rectangle = l × b = 25 × 10 = 250 cm²

The number of refrigerators manufactured in 2006 = 24700

The number of refrigerators manufactured in 2007 = 19200

Approximate percent decrease in the number of refrigerators = [(24700 - 19200)/24700] × 100

∴ Percent decrease = 22.26% ≈ 22%

Value of sales of finished goods in 1995 = 200 lakhs

Value of sales of finished goods in 1996 = 300 lakhs

Percent increase in the Value of sales of finished goods in 1996 as compared to the previous year 1995 = [(300 - 200)/200] × 100

⇒ 50%

Time taken by John = 9 days

Time taken by John and Smith = 6 days

Let the total work be LCM of 9 and 6 = 54 unit

Work done by John in 1 day = 54/9 = 6 unit

Work done by John and Smith in 1 day = 54/6 = 9 unit

Time taken by Smith to complete the work alone = 54/(9 - 6) = 18 days

Items displaying a ratio of nearly 1: 15 means one item will 15 times of the other item

By observing the pie chart: Direct demand = 12.4 and Defence = 185

∴ 1850/124 = 14.91, So we can say, Defence is nearly 15 times than Direct demand.

∴ Items displaying a ratio of nearly 1: 15 are Direct demand and Defence

Given:

Distance between point A and B = 240 km

While traveling in the opposite direction, time taken to meet = 2 hours

While traveling in the same direction, time taken to meet = 8 hours

Calculation:

Let the speed of car P and Q be x km/hr and y km/hr respectively.

⇒ 240/(x + y) = 2 (∵ in oppsite direction, speed is added)

⇒ (x + y) = 120       ---- (i)

Distance traveled by P in in 8 hours = speed × time = 8x km

Distance traveled by Q in in 8 hours = speed × time = 8y km

Now when P and Q move in same direction,

(Distance traveled by P in in 8 hours) - (Distance traveled by Q in in 8 hours)  = 240 km

⇒ 8x - 8y = 240 km

⇒ (x - y) = 30 km/hr       ---- (ii)

Solving equation (i) and (ii) we get speed of car P = x = 150/2 = 75km/hr

Dimensions of a hall = (150 × 80 × 120) cm

Each person requires 200 cube cm of air

Number of persons that can sit in the hall = Volume of air/Air required per person = (150 × 80 × 120)/200 = 7200 persons

Shubh gets Rs. 5000 as his pocket money per month and Shaurya gets 6000 as his pocket money per month.

Expenses made by Shubh on room rent = 18% of 5000 = Rs. 900

Expenses made by Shubh on mess = 22% of 5000 = Rs. 1100

Total expenses made by Shubh = 900 + 1100 = Rs. 2000

Expenses made by Shaurya on room rent = 21% of 6000 = Rs. 1260

Expenses made by Shaurya on mess = 23% of 6000 = Rs. 1380

Total expenses made by Shaurya = 1260 + 1380 = Rs. 2640

∴ Required Difference = Rs. 2640 - Rs. 2000 = Rs. 640

Sales in 1995 = 400 thousands = 4 lakhs

Sales in 1991 = 300 thousands = 3 lakhs

The amount by which the sales in 1995 are more than those in 1991 = 4 lakhs - 3 lakhs = Rs. 1 lakh

Given:

Time taken by A, B and C to finish the work = 3 days, 4 days and 5 days respectively

Calculation:

let the total work be LCM of 3, 4 and 5 = 60 unit work

Work done by A on first day = 60/3 = 20 unit

Work done by B on second day = 60/4 = 15 unit

Work done by C on third day = 60/5 = 12 unit

Each took one day to work and the portion of work they completed in 3 days = (20 + 15 + 12) unit work =  47 unit

Work left = 60 - 47 unit = 13 unit work

∴ 13 unit left work will be completed A on the 4th day.

Given:

Rate of Interest 'r' = 40% and its compounded half yearly ∴ r = 40/2 = 20%

Amount 'A' = Rs. 216000 at the end of 1.5 year, ∴ n = 3

Formula used:

A = Principal × [1 + r/100]ⁿ

Calculation:

216000 = P × [1 + 20/100]³

⇒ 216000 = P × 6/5 × 6/5 × 6/5

⇒ P = (216000 × 125)/216

⇒ P = 125000

∴ Sum = Rs. 125000

Given:

The ratio of money of 4 friends = 17: 20: 23: 26

Calculation:

Let the ratio be 17x: 20x: 23x: 26x

Sum of the ratios = 86x

One of the persons has Rs. 6000 more than the other = 23x - 17x = 6000

And Rs. 3000 less than another = 23x = 26x - 3000

In both condition x = Rs. 1000

∴ Total sum = 86 × 1000 = 86000

Alternate Method 

Rs. 3000 Less than the another

So, 3 = 3000

1 = 1000

Total from = (17 × 1000 + 20 × 1000 + 23 × 1000 + 26 × 1000)

Total sum = Rs. 86000 

Note:

Here we have to pick the ratio which satisfies the given statement

Given:

Two sums (principals) are in ratio 4: 5

Time = 5 years

Rate of interest is in ratio 4: 5

Total S.I = Rs. 12300

Formula used:

Simple interest = (p × r × t)/100

Calculation:

Simple interest on Sum 1 = (4 × 4 × 5)/100

Simple interest on Sum 2 = (5 × 5 × 5)/100

The sum on both interest = 125/100 + 80/100 = 12300

(205/100) unit = 12300

205 unit = 1230000

1 unit = 1230000/205

So, Difference of simple interest on two sums = 125/100 - 80/100 = (45/100) unit

∴ 45/100 unit = (1230000/205) × (45/100) = (12300 × 45)/205

∴ The difference in the simple interest on the two sums = Rs. 2700

Let the total length of pole b x metres

The spider climbs 10 metres of a pole in 20 minutes or 0.5 metres/minute

But he slips down at the very moment, So in 20 minutes, Spider climbed 8 metres only.

So, in 60 minutes it will climb = 8 × 3 = 24 metres

∴ In 3 hours it will climb = (24 × 3) + 2 metre = 74 metres.

Mistake points:

After 3 hours Spider will climb 74 metres but not 72 meters because at the end, it will reach the top of the pole and then 2 metres of slip will not be considered as we are asked about the length of the pole.

Given:

The speed of a car is 2 times the speed of a passenger train

Speed of Car = 85 kmph

Distance to be covered = 935 km

Calculation:

Speed of car = 85 kmph

∴ Speed of Train = 85/2 kmph

Time = Distance/Speed

The difference in the time taken = 935/(85/2) - 935/85 =  22 - 11 = 11 hours

Formula used:

Simple Interest = (P × r × t)/100

Calculation:

Simple interest for two years= Rs. 1200

∴ Interest per year = Rs. 1200/2 = Rs. 600

By compound interest

As SI and CI for 1^st year is always

Interest for 1^st year = Rs. 600

Interest for 2^nd year = Rs. (1230 − 600) = Rs. 630

⇒ 600 + r% of 600 = Rs. 630

∴ Rate of interest r = 5%

⇒ Simple Interest = (P × r × t)/100

⇒ 1200 = (P × 5 × 2)/100

∴ P = Rs. 12000

∴ Sum borrowed = Rs. 12000

and Rate of interest = 5%

The average number of Bata shops in all 5 cities together =  (150 + 180 + 145 + 124 + 111)/5 = 710/5 = 142

Distance = 9000 m = 9 km

Speed = 90 kmph

Time = Distance/Speed = 9/90 = 0.1 hour

Length of diagonal = (40 × 30/60) m = 20 m

∴ √(l² + b²) = 20 (∵ Diagonal of rectangle is hypotenuse)

Or l2 + b2 = 400

Distance travelled by B along its sides (l + b) in 30 s = (56 × 30/60) m = 28 m

So l + b = 28

Area = l × b 

We know (l + b)² = l² + b² + 2lb

⇒ 28² = 400 + 2lb

So lb = (784 – 400)/2

⇒ 384/2 = 192 m²

∴ Area of the field = 192 m²

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. along.

Explanation:

• Let us explore the given options:
• The preposition 'Along' is correct as it means at a place on or beside a river, road, etc.
• The preposition 'Aboard' is incorrect as it means in or on a ship, bus, train, or plane; into an organization, group, company, etc.
• The preposition 'Across' is incorrect as it means inside a river, container, room, building, vehicle, etc.
• The preposition 'In' is incorrect as it means inside or towards the inside of a container, place, or area
• Hence, the correct option is 'along'.
  

Extra- Bites:  

• A preposition is a word governing, and usually preceding, a noun or pronoun and expressing a relation to another word or element in the clause.
• The preposition 'along' is a preposition of place/direction. Prepositions of place/direction show the relationship of place/direction between the nouns to the other parts of a sentence.
  

Complete Sentence: Tiger and bull sharks are two species often found along the coast and are known to bite people.

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. choose.

Explanation:

• The given sentence is in the simple present tense so the verb should be in the base form (infinitive).
• Let us explore the given options:
• 'Choosing' is incorrect as it is the gerund or present participle form of the verb.
• 'Chose' is incorrect as it is the past simple form of the verb.
• 'Choose' is correct as it is the base form (Infinitive) of the verb. It means to decide to accept (someone or something) from a group of possibilities.
• 'Chosen' is incorrect as it is the past particle of the verb.

Hence, "choose" is the correct answer.

Complete Sentence: No matter where you go and what type of safari you choose, timing is the key.

Extra- Bites:

• The present tense uses the base form of verb (write, work), and for third-person singular subjects, base form plus an '-s/-es' (he writes, she works) is used.

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. C

Explanation:

• In the given sentence, the gerund/present participle form of the verb 'spot' i.e. 'spotting' is incorrect.
• An infinitive verb is essentially the base form of a verb with the word "to" in front of it.
• Infinitives are never conjugated with -ed or -ing at the end because they are not used as verbs in a sentence.
• Thus, "to spotting" should be replaced by "to spot".

Extra- Bites:

• The ‘to-infinitive’ is used in many sentence constructions, often expressing the purpose of something or someone's opinion about something. The to-infinitive is used following a large collection of different verbs as well.
• Use of infinitive ‘to’ = ‘to’ + base form of the verb.
• The ‘infinitive’ is the base form of a verb.
  

​

Complete Sentence: Though leopards look fearsome, they avoid humans and can be tricky to spot.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. B.

Explanation:

• In the given sentence, the gerund/present participle form of the verb 'play' i.e. 'playing' is incorrect.
• The base form of the verb should be used in place of a gerund/present participle of the verb.
• The singular subject (Eyebrow movement) of a sentence takes a singular verb (here plays).
• Thus, "playing" should be replaced by "plays".

Extra- Bites:

• A singular verb is one that has an 's' added to it in the present tense, such as writes, plays, runs, and uses forms such as is, was, has, does.
• A plural verb does not have an 's' added to it, such as write, play, run, and uses forms such as are, were, have and do.
  

Complete Sentence: Eyebrow movement plays a major role in human communication.

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. at.

Key Points

• Let us explore the options:
• The preposition 'off' means leaving a place or going away from something.
• The preposition 'in' is used for showing where someone or something is.
• The preposition 'at' is used for stating the activity or subject that someone is skillful or not skillful in.
• The preposition 'of' means belonging to, relating to, or connected with.
• Hence, the correct option is "At"
  

Additional Information 

• The preposition 'At' is a Simple Preposition.
• Simple prepositions are the short words used to show the relationship between nouns, pronouns, or to join parts of a clause or sentence. 
  

Complete Sentence: A study has found that dogs are uniquely skilled at understanding gestures.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Plants.

Explanation:

• In the given sentence a noun should be used to complete the sentence.
• Let us explore the given options:
• 'Introduce' is a verb that means to bring (something, especially a product, measure, or concept) into use or operation for the first time.
• 'Plants' is a noun means to put or set into the ground to grow.
• 'Stocks' is a noun that means a supply or quantity of something accumulated or available for future use.
• 'Establish' is a verb that means to set up on a firm or permanent basis.
• Hence, the option "Plants" is the correct answer.
  

Extra- Bites:

• A noun is a word (other than a pronoun) used to identify any of a class of people, places, or things ( common noun ), or to name a particular one of these ( proper noun ).
  

Complete Sentence: Every few yards, he digs a shallow hole in the rich, red soil and plants the leafy sapling of an ebony tree.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Leading.

Explanation:

• The given sentence is in the simple present tense as two actions are occurring at the same time by the same thing.
• When two actions occur at the same time and are done by the same person or thing, we can use a present participle to describe one of them.
• Let us explore the given options:
• 'Lead' is incorrect as it is the base form (Infinitive) of the verb.
• 'Leading' is correct as it is the gerund or present participle form of the verb. It means to point out the way for (someone) especially from a position in front.
• 'Led' is incorrect as it is the past simple form of the verb.
• 'Leads' is incorrect as it is the third person singular of the verb.
• Hence, the option "Leading" is the correct answer.
  

Extra- Bites:

• The present participle of most verbs has the form base+ing.
  

Complete Sentence: Images in the media can shape how people see each other, leading to bias and consequences that impact us all.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. BCDA.

Explanation:

• The part 'B' which begins with a pronoun ‘What’ and is independent. Hence 'B' is the first part of the sentence.
• The noun 'tribute' of the part 'C' links to the noun 'woman's' of the part 'B'. Hence 'C' follows 'B'.
• The verb 'turned' of the part 'C' links to the preposition 'into' of the part 'D' to make it the phrasal verb of 'turn' i.e. "turn into" which means to become (a particular kind of thing or person); be transformed into. Hence 'D' follows 'C'.
• The sentence is concluded in the final part 'A'.​ Hence, 'A' makes the last part of the sentence.
• Hence, the correct option is 'BCDA'.
  
• Sentence after rearranging the parts: What began as one woman’s tribute to her dad, turned into a life-long mission for a day to celebrate all fathers.

Extra- Bites-

• Some important point and rules for the Jumbled Sentence:
• Try to find out the topic explained in the sentence. This can be done by looking for words that are repeated frequently in the parts of the sentence.
• If a specific word is repeated in more than one part of the sentence then the part of the sentences can be placed one by one in the sentences.
• If a part of the sentence starts with a ‘name’ of a person, then that part of the sentence will surely be the first part of the sentence.
  

• Look for the part of a sentence starting with a noun or a pronoun then mark it as the first part of the sentence (mostly).
• Look for the prepositions, linking one part of the sentence to the other.
• Look for the part of the sentence starting with the words "Hence, Finally or Therefore", then that part of the sentence comes last in the sentence (mostly).

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. A number of.

Explanation:

• In the given sentence, the nouns 'number' is specific or particular.
• The definite article 'the' is used before singular and plural nouns when you are referring to a particular thing or person that has already been mentioned or is already known about.
• 'A' is an indefinite article, which means that they refer to, or introduce, an unspecified noun.
• In other words, we use an indefinite article in front of a noun when we're not referring to a particular person, place, thing or idea, but we want to convey that we're talking about any person, place, thing or idea.
• We use 'a' before a consonant sound.
• Thus, the article 'A' should be replaced by 'The'.
• Hence, the correct answer is "A number of".

There are three articles: a, an, and the. Articles are used before nouns or noun equivalents and are a type of adjective.

Correct Sentence: The number of worldwide shark attacks has grown at a steady pace since 1900.

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. Doesn’t plant trees.

Key Points

• In the given sentence, the use of the verb "doesn't" is incorrect.
• The verb "doesn't" is a contraction of does not and act as an auxiliary verb.
• 'Doesn't' is used when speaking in the third person singular only ("he", "she" and "it").
• 'Don't' is used when speaking in the first and second person plural and singular and the third person plural ("I", "you", "we" and "they").
• Thus, the auxiliary verb "doesn't" should be replaced by "don't".
• Hence, the option "Doesn’t plant" is the correct answer.
  

Additional Information

• Auxiliary (or Helping) verbs are used together with a main verb to show the verb’s tense or to form a negative or question. The most common auxiliary verbs are: have, be, and do.
• Don't is a contraction of do not. It can be used to make a negative statement. It can also be used when asking a question.
  

​

Complete Sentence: If we don’t plant trees, there may be nothing left for our children.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Host.

Explanation:

• In the given sentence a verb should be used to complete the sentence.
• The term "Host" is the appropriate term when referring to a star having planets in orbit around it, indicating that the star serves as a central point for these planets.
• Let us explore the other given options:
• 'Cluster' is a noun that means a group of similar things or people positioned or occurring closely together.
• 'Parade' is a noun that means a series of people or things appearing or being displayed one after the other.
• 'Supply' is a verb that means make (something needed or wanted) available to someone; provide.
• Hence, the option "Host" is the correct answer.
  

Extra- Bites:

• A verb is a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence, and forming the main part of the predicate of a sentence.
  

Complete Sentence: A tiny, old star, just 12 light-years away might host two rocky planets, astronomers and a new study has found.

The correct answer is option 3) i.e. Spread off.

Explanation:

• In the given sentence, the use of the phrase "spread off" is incorrect as per the context of the sentence.
• The phrase "spread off" should be replaced by "spread out".
• "Spread out" means to divide up (something) over a period of time or among members of a group.
• Hence, the option "Spread off" is the correct answer.
  

Extra- Bites:

• The synonyms of the phrase "spread out" are "expand, extend, fan (out), flare (out), open, outspread, outstretch, stretch (out), unfold, unfurl".
• The antonyms of the phrase "spread out" are "close, contract, fold".
  

Complete Sentence: In total, there were around six orcas spread out in groups of two or three.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Striving.

Explanation:   

• Let us explore the other options:
• The verb 'Defeating' means winning a victory over (someone) in a battle or other contest; overcome or beat.
• The verb 'Striving' means making great efforts to achieve or obtain something.
• The verb 'Pushing' means exerting force on (someone or something) in order to move them away from oneself.
• The verb 'Thrusting' means the motion of pushing or lunging suddenly or violently.
• From the context of the sentence, the verb 'striving' should be used.
• Hence, the option 'striving' is the most appropriate word.
  

Extra- Bites-     

• The present perfect continuous is formed using has/have + been + present participle. Questions are indicated by inverting the subject and has/have. Negatives are made with not.
• The synonyms of the word 'striving' are "banging away, beavering (away), digging (away), fagging, grubbing, humping, hustling, moiling, pegging (away), plodding".
• The antonyms of the word 'striving' are "basking, lolling, relaxing, reposing, resting, unwinding".
  

Correct Sentence: Photographers have been striving to take iconic pictures of the world’s highest mountain, the Mount Everest.

The correct answer is option 4 i.e. No substitution required.

The given underlined segment in the sentence is grammatically and contextually correct and needs no changes.

The correct answer is option 2) i.e. Being produced, used, and thrown.

Explanation:    

• In the given sentence, the word 'produce' is acting as a noun which is incorrect. Also, the form of the verb 'throw' is incorrect.
• The word 'produce' should act as a verb. The verb is a word used to describe an action, state, or occurrence, and forming the main part of the predicate of a sentence.
• The word 'being' is used with the past participle form of the verb. Thus 'produce' should be replaced by 'produced' and 'throw' by 'thrown'.
• Hence, the correct option is "Being produced, used, and thrown".
  

Extra- Bites-​

• ​The verb 'being' is used mainly in 4 situations:
• Being + adjective- "You are being silly", "I was being very careful"
• Being + past participle- "My car is being serviced", "My nieces enjoyed being taken to the park"
• 'Being' in participle clauses-
• We can use an adverbial participle clause to express reason or cause: "Being quite thin, she was able to squeeze through the railings", "Being French, he is passionate about wine and cheese"
• ​Verb + verb-ing(being) / adj + preposition + verb-ing(being)- "**I look forward to being interviewed on programme.", "She was afraid of being accused of a crime which she did not commit."
  

Correct Sentence: The total number of plastic toothbrushes being produced, used, and thrown away each year has grown steadily.

The correct answer is option 4) i.e. Have survived.

Explanation:    

• In the given sentence, the form of the verb "has survive" is incorrect.
• The given sentence is in the present perfect tense as the present perfect is most frequently used to talk about experiences or changes that have taken place.
• The present perfect is formed using has/have + past participle. Thus, the infinitive 'survive' should be replaced by its past participle 'survived'.
• Also in the sentence, the noun "sea turtles" is plural, therefore, the singular auxiliary verb 'has' should be replaced by the plural verb 'have'.
• Thus, the phrase "has survive" should be replaced by "have survived".
• Hence, the correct option is "Have survived".
  

Important Points

• The present perfect is a verb tense which is used to show that an action has taken place once or many times before now. The present perfect is most frequently used to talk about experiences or changes that have taken place.
• The present perfect is formed using has/have + past participle. Questions are indicated by inverting the subject and has/have. Negatives are made with not.
  

Mistake Points

• The important thing to remember about the present perfect is that you can’t use it when you are being specific about when it happened.
• 

Incorrect: I have put away all the laundry this morning.

Correct: I have put away all the laundry.

​Correct Sentence: Somehow, the sea turtles have survived the ice ages and the extinction event.

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. Dictates.

Explanation:   

• Let us explore the other options:
• The verb 'Dictates' means an order or principle that must be obeyed.
• The verb 'Assigns' means to give a particular job or piece of work to someone.
• The verb 'Observes' means a notice or perceive (something) and register it as being significant.
• The verb 'Predict' means say or estimate that (a specified thing) will happen in the future or will be a consequence of something.
• From the context of the sentence, the verb 'dictates' should be used.
• Hence, the option 'dictates' is the most appropriate word.
  

Extra- Bites-     

• The synonyms of the word 'dictates' are "calls, commands, decrees, directs, orders".
• The antonyms of the word 'dictates' are "cancels, countermands, rescinds".
  

Correct Sentence: Lord Brummell became a symbol of a new masculine style, one that still dictates the way people dress today.

The correct answer is option 4) i.e. Are sinking faster.

Explanation:    

• In the given sentence, the placement of the adjective 'fast' is not correct. The form of the adjective is also not correct.
• The given sentence is in the present continuous tense. We use am, are, is + the -ing form of the verb in the present continuous tense.
• The comparative adjective 'faster' should be used instead of 'fast' before the preposition 'than'.
• The format is: Noun (subject) + verb + comparative adjective + than + noun (object).
• Thus, the phrase "are fast sinking" should be replaced by "are sinking faster".
• Hence, the correct option is "Are sinking faster".
  

Extra- Bites-

• Comparative adjectives are used to compare differences between the two objects they modify (larger, smaller, faster, higher). The second item of comparison can be omitted if it is clear from the context.
  

​Correct Sentence: The Samoan islands are sinking faster than expected due to global warming.

The correct answer is option 1) i.e. But they can be.

Explanation:    

• In the given sentence, the use of the pronoun 'it' is incorrect.
• The pronoun 'it' referred to the noun 'fish' in the sentence. The pronoun 'it' is a third-person singular pronoun while 'fish' is a plural noun.
• When you use a singular noun, we can only use a singular pronoun and when you use a plural noun, we can only use a plural pronoun.
• Therefore, the plural personal pronoun of 'it' i.e. 'they' should be used. We use 'they' to refer to specific groups of people, things and animals.
• Hence, the correct option is "But they can be".
  

Extra- Bites-

• Personal pronouns are pronouns that are associated primarily with a particular grammatical person – first person (as I), second person (as you), or third person (as he, she, it, they).
• Personal pronouns may also take different forms depending on the number (usually singular or plural), grammatical or natural gender, case, and formality.
  

​Correct Sentence: Encounters with the big fish are rare, but they can be deadly.