DSSSB Fire Operator Previous Paper (Held On : 20 April 2021 Shift 1) (Previous Year Paper)

Short Solution: 

 

Detailed Explanation:

Key Points 

1. Firstly, the letters of the word "STREWED" and the word "DEERSTW" are exactly the same.
2. The letters of the word "SPREAD" and the letters of each of the words in the options are also the same.

• This implies that the letters are rearranged to obtain the code.

3. Secondly, the no. of letters in each word of the first pair "STREWED : DEERSTW" is 7.
4. The no. of letters in the first word of the second pair "SPREAD : ?" is 6.
5. Thirdly, we can observe that the letters of the word "DEERSTW" are in alphabetical order.

• Because the number of letters is different in both words, there is only one type of arrangement possible which is an arrangement in alphabetical order.

Pattern: Arranged in alphabetical order.

Hence, ADEPRS is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:

Positional value of (Second letter - First letter)² = Number

AZ → Z - A → 26 - 1 = 25, ⇒ 25² = 625.

Similarly,

GR → R - G → 18 - 7 = 11, ⇒ 11² = 121.

Hence, 121 is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram is:

Conclusions:

I. Some girls are lawyers → True (As, some lawyers are girls, some girls are lawyers will be true.)

II. No fair is girl → False (As, all girls are fair, some fair will be girl. So no fair is girl will be false )

Hence, the correct answer is "Only conclusion I follows".

Using the following notations, we can draw the Family Tree,

Given:

1. A is the Father of B.
2. C is the daughter of B.
3. D is the brother of B.
4. E is the son of A.

Possible Family Tree:

Therefore, the relationship between C and E is Niece and uncle.

Hence, the correct answer is "Niece and uncle".

Confusion Points

1. Since the gender of B is not given, we cannot assume the gender of B. 2. Brother’s daughter is called Niece. 3. Brother’s son is called Nephew.

The logic follows here is:

 

The Location of the Taj Mahal is in India.

Similarly,

The Location of the Eiffel tower is in France.

Hence, the correct is "Eiffel tower : France".

Additional Information

 1. Opera House: The Opera House is a multi-venue performing arts center at Sydney Harbour located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. It is one of the 20th century's most famous and distinctive buildings. 2. Statue of Liberty: The Statue of Liberty is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor within New York City, in the United States. The Statue of Liberty was given to the United States by France, as a symbol of the two countries' friendship. 3. Eiffel Tower: The Eiffel Tower was built by Gustave Eiffel in Paris, France for the 1889 Exposition Universelle, which was to celebrate the 100th year anniversary of the French Revolution. 4. Alhambra: The Alhambra is a palace and fortress complex located in Granada, Andalusia, Spain. It was originally constructed as a small fortress in 889 CE on the remains of ancient Roman fortifications.

The Logic here is as follows:

The first alphabet of every letter-cluster is becoming the last alphabet of the next letter-cluster in the series.

Therefore, the missing letter cluster in the series LITYABI.

Hence, the correct answer is "LITYABI".

Given:

1. C03 is above C02.
2. C01 is above C05 but below C04.
3. C05 is above C03.

Combining the above statement we get:

Therefore, from the above arrangement, we can say that chair C05 is in the middle.

Hence, the correct answer is "C05".

The Logic here is as follows:

FLOWER : UOLDVI

Similarly,

Therefore, the alphabets are coded with their opposite alphabets.

Hence, the correct answer is "QZHNRMV".

Given:

1. Aditya is taller than Yatendra.

Aditya > Yatendra

2. Amit is taller than Aditya.

Amit > Aditya

3. Subhash is taller than Amit.

Subhash > Amit

4. Hemant is tallest of all.

By combining all the above statements, we get:

Hemant > Subhash > Amit > Aditya > Yatendra

Therefore, the person exactly in the middle is Amit.

Hence, the correct answer is "Amit".

The pattern follows here is:

Hence, the correct answer is "hms".

The codes are as follows;

According to above diagram the codes for the words are;

 

The code for is → re

The code for interesting → ka

The code for that → de

Therefore, above shows the code for 'that is interesting' is  'de re ka'.

But 'de re ka' order is not given in any options so we will take "ka de re" as a code for 'that is interesting'.

Hence, "ka de re" is the correct answer.

A, M, P, D, Q, R, W and B are sitting around a circle facing at the centre

1)  D is fourth to the left of A, who is third to the right of M.

2)  P is third to the left of Q, who is third to the left of M.

3) R is third to the right of W, who is third to the right of B.

  

The final circular arrangement:

Therefore, above arrangement shows the Q is second to the left of D

Hence, "Q" is the correct answer.

Given:

Kapil's position from top : 14th

Kapil's position from bottom; 48th

Formula used:

The total number of students = Position of the person from Top + Position of the person from Bottom - 1.

Therefore,

The total number of students = 14 + 48 - 1 = 61

Hence, the correct answer is "61".

The codes are assigned as

 

The coded for 'SMLRP'

 

Therefore, above table shows SMLRP is coded as a 81643

Hence, "81643" is the correct answer.

In general, Ship travels on water

 

Therefore, above table shows Ship is called Plane.

Hence, "Plane" is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:-

The, Temperature is measured in Kelvin

Similarly,

The, Time is measured in Seconds

Hence, the correct answer is "Seconds".

Important Points

Given elements:

Z A 4 # 2 T L M 3 @ 7 D % 8 1 W X 

Pattern: 11^th element from left end - 5^th element to the left of 11^th element = required answer

11th element from left end is 7.

(11 - 5)^th element from left end = T

Hence, "T" is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:

Pattern: Place value first alphabet x Place value of second alphabet = Required number.

(Place value of C is 3) x (Place value of D is 4) = 3 x 4 = 12 → CD-12

(Place value of L is 12) x (Place value of B is 2) = 12 x 2 = 24 → LB-24

(Place value of B is 2) x (Place value of P is 16) = 2 x 16 = 32 → BP-32

Similarly,

(Place value of N is 14) x (Place value of E is 5) = 14 x 5 = 70 → NE-70

Hence, "70" is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:

Similarly,

Hence, "LPCGUYQU" is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:

Pattern: Alphabets is increased by +4 and the sum of the place value of the given alphabets.

\alt 

J + 4 = N, N + 4 = R, R + 4 = V & V + 4 = Z

 

Hence, "Z8" is the correct answer.

Given Equation: 16 × 2 ÷ 25 + 7 – 4

BODMAS rule:

Using the following symbol to verify the given equation:

 

Lets find the value of given equation:

⇒ 16 ÷ 2 + 25 - 7 x 4

⇒ 8 + 25 - 7 x 4

⇒ 8 + 25 - 28

⇒ 33 - 28

⇒ 5

Hence, "5" is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is:

Given sets of words: Sportspersons, Cricketers, Batsmen.

1. All Batsmen are Cricketers.
2. All Cricketers are Sportspersons.
3. Both Cricketers and Batsmen are Sportspersons.

The least possible venn diagram for the given set of words is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The possible diagram according to statement is:

In this diagram, It is clearly shown that Shailesh facing South direction.

Hence, "South" is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• When morning time, We will show the sun in diagram in the east direction or right side because the sun rises in the east.
• When Evening time, We will show the sun in diagram in the west direction or left side because sunset in the west.

The Logic here is as follows:

As 5 is the common face on both the dice, keeping it constant and then rotating in the clockwise direction, we get the faces opposite to each other.

 

Therefore, the Face opposite to 2 is 1, the Face opposite to 4 is 6, and finally, the face opposite to 3 will be 5.

Hence, the correct answer is "5".

Confusion Points

 1. Since the opposite of 2 is 1, the opposite of 4 is 6, and only 5 and 3 are remaining, they both will be automatically opposite.

The Logic here is as follows:

1. The arrow in the image is rotating 90º in a clockwise direction:

2. The small line inside the box is rotating 45º in an anti-clockwise direction:

Therefore, in the final series combining both, we get:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option (4)" i.e 

Given:

1. Fernandel and Arletty starts from their office and walk in opposite direction each travelling 10 km. 2.  Fernandel then turns left and walks 10 km. 3.  Arletty turns right and walks 10 km.

According to the given information, we get the following figure,

Therefore, the distance between Fernandel and Arletty will be: 10 km + 10 km = 20 km.

Hence, the correct answer is "20 km".

The Logic here is as follows:

Therefore, we get 312 as the missing term in the series.

Hence, the correct answer is "312".

Given:

1. Atul walks 2 km towards South
2. He turns right and walks 3 km.
3. He then turns left and walks 5 km.
4. He then moves 2 km after turning to the left.

According to the given information, we get the following figure,

Therefore, Atul is now facing the East direction.

Hence, the correct answer is "East".

The Pattern follows here is:

As we can see that Figure in option (4) is fitting perfectly in the given question figure.

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4" i.e 

1. Chair, Table, Furniture:

Chair and Table are types of Furniture, hence the possible Venn Diagram will be,

2. Family, Parents, Children:

Parents and Children are part of Family, hence the possible Venn Diagram will be,

3. Doctor, Social person, honest person:

Some Doctors can be Social person as well as Honest person, and some Social person can be Honest person as well and vise versa. Hence, possible Venn Diagram will be,

4. Gold, Silver, Ornaments:

Most of the Gold and Silver are used in making Ornaments.

Therefore, only "Doctor, Social person, Honest person" represents the given Venn Diagram in the question.

Hence, the correct answer is "Doctor, Social person, Honest person".

The Correct mirror image of the given figure when the mirror is placed on the right is:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 3".

Additional Information

In a mirror image Left changes to right and the right changes to left vice-versa.

When placement of mirror not given, By default we will assume it in Vertical direction on the right side.

The Letter adjacent to the mirror after the mirror image will adjacent to it just with the left change to right and right change to left vice-versa.

The starting letter of the word will be at last after the mirror image drawn with left changes to right and right changes to left.

The correct pattern of the series is shown below:

So, 8 is the wrong term here.

Hence, "8" is the correct answer.

The least possible Venn diagram for the given statements is as follows:

Conclusions:

I. All windows are boats → True(All widows are doors, All doors are boats, All windows are boats. So, it is true) 

II. All buildings are boats →True(All buildings are doors, All doors are boats, All buildings are boats. So, it is true)

III. Some boats are doors → True(All doors are boats, So, Some boats are doors is also true).

Hence, "All conclusions I, II and III follow" is the answer.

Given that 

No lady is facing East, which means one lady is facing west, Persons sitting opposite to each other are not of the same gender. One man is facing South, So one lady is facing North.

According to above information the diagram can bee as shown

Therefore, above figure clearly shows the Ladies are facing towards 'North and West'

Hence, "North and West" is the correct answer.

The pattern follows here is,

1^st image:

⇒ (√676) - (√441)

⇒ 26 - 21 = 5

⇒ (5)² = 25

Similarly,

2^nd image:

⇒ (√729) - (√529)

⇒ 27 - 23 = 4

⇒ (4)² = 16

Hence, "16" is the correct answer.

The logic follows here is :-

1. In the first column.

⇒ (1)² + (3)² + (5)² 

⇒ 1 + 9 + 25

⇒ = 35

So, the first column fourth row value is "35".

2. In the second column.

⇒ (2)² + (4)² + (6)²

⇒ 4 + 16 + 36

⇒ = 56

So, the second column fourth row value is "56".

3. In the third column.

⇒ (2)² + (5)² + (7)² 

⇒ 4 + 25 + 49

⇒ = 78

So, the third column fourth row value is "78".

Hence, the correct answer is "78".

The number of one unit rectangles are

 

⇒ = 3

The number of two unit rectangles are 

 

⇒ 1 + 1 = 2

The number of three unit rectangle is only one

⇒ = 1

Therefore, the total number of rectangles are

⇒ 3 + 2 + 1 = 6

Hence, the correct answer is "6".

Given equation:

8 * 6 * 96 * 2 = 0

BODMAS Rule:

We will check all the options to balance the equation as follows:

Option 1:→ ÷ – ×

LHS = 8 ÷ 6 - 96 x 2

= 8 / 6 - 96 x 2

= 4 / 3 - 192

= 1. 33 - 192

= -190.67 ≠ 0

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 2:→ - x ÷

LHS = 8 - 6 x 96 ÷ 2

= 8 - 6 x 48

= 8 - 288

= -280 ≠ 0

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 3:→ x ÷ -

LHS = 8 x 6 ÷ 96 - 2

=  8 x 6/96 - 2

= 0.5 - 2

= -1.5 ≠ 0

LHS ≠ RHS

Option 4:→ x - ÷

LHS = 8 x 6 - 96 ÷ 2

= 8 x 6 - 48

= 48 - 48

= 0 = 0

LHS = RHS

Hence**, "**x - ÷" is the correct answer.

On close observation, we find that the problem figure is embedded in option (4) as shown below:

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4" i.e 

The number of one unit Triangles is:

The total number of one unit triangles is = 6

The number of three unit triangles,

⇒ 1 + 1 = 2

Total number of triangles = 6 + 2 = 8

Hence, "8" is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Starch.

• Raw potato is a perfect sample for the test of the presence of Starch.

Key Points

• Starch is a type of carbohydrate present in many of our food items. Such as bread, potato, etc.
• The following procedure follows for conducting a test for the presence of starch in potato:
• Place a potato slice in separate and clean Petri plates.
• With the help of a dropper, place 2-3 drops of iodine solution on the potato slice.
• Note the change in color and record your observation.
• A Blue-black color appears on the potato slice.
• Potato contains starch which gives blue-black in color on the addition of iodine solution.

Additional Information

• Proteins:
• Proteins are primary foodstuffs and are made up of amino acids.
• A protein is the largest of this class of compounds and usually contains a minimum of 50 amino acids.
• Proteins regulate metabolism. They make 12-15% of diet calories.
• Sources of proteins are milk, eggs, fish, meat, pulses, soybean, and legumes.
• Vitamin B12 (Cynocobalamine):
• It is a cobalt-containing vitamin.
• It is found in animal proteins such as meat, liver, and fish.
• It is the only vitamin, not found in vegetables.
• Deficiency of vitamin B12 causes pernicious anemia and degeneration of the spinal cord to ataxia leading to paralysis.
• Vitamin C (Ascorbic acid):
• This is the earliest known vitamin.
• Vitamin C is rapidly destroyed by heat and decreases with time.
• It helps in the absorption of iron and provides resistance in cold.
• Sources of vitamin C are all citrus fruits, especially almond, orange, and lemon.

The correct answer is Digital Technology.

• In Economic Survey 2020-21, Digital Technology has been dubbed as the 'sprint runner' of the Indian economy.

Key Points

• The Economic Survey is presented by The Department of Economic Affairs, Finance Ministry of India every year in the parliament, just before the Union Budget.
• India adopted a unique four-pillar strategy of containment, fiscal, financial, and long-term structural reforms.
• GDP’s Estimation: India’s real GDP to record a growth of 11% in 2021-22 and nominal GDP by 15.4% - the highest since independence.
• Net Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows of USD 27.5 billion during April-October, 2020 - 14.8% higher as compared to the first seven months of FY 2019-20.
• The Government has announced a Production-Linked Incentive (PLI) Scheme in the 10 key sectors under the aegis of AatmaNirbhar Bharat for enhancing India’s manufacturing capabilities and exports.
• India’s Agricultural (and Allied Activities) sector has shown its resilience amid the adversities of COVID-19 induced lockdowns with a growth of 3.4% at constant prices during 2020-21 (first advance estimate).

Additional Information

• Economic Survey:
• The Central Government Budget is not merely a statement of receipts and expenditure. Since independence, with the launching of five-year plans, it has also become a significant statement of governmental policy.
• The economic survey brings out the economic trends in the country, which facilitates a better appreciation of mobilization of resources and their allocation in the Budget.
• The survey analyses the trends in agriculture and industrial production, infrastructure, employment, money supply, imports, foreign exchange reserves, etc.

The correct answer is Glaciers.

Key Points

• Large accumulations of year-round ice on the land surface are called glaciers.
• Glaciers cover about 10% of the surface of the Earth.
• Glaciers form when more snow accumulates over a long span of time that melts and eventually turns into ice.

Important Points

• There are two general types of glaciers: Alpine glaciers and Ice sheets.
• Alpine glaciers:
• Alpine glaciers form in mountainous areas either at high elevations or near cool and wet coastal areas like the Olympic Peninsula of Washington.
• Most alpine glaciers are located in the major mountain ranges of the world such as the Andes, Rockies, Alps, and Himalayas.
• Ice Sheets:
• ​Ice sheets are also called Continental glaciers.
• These are thick accumulations of ice that occupy a large geographical area.
• The main ice sheets on the earth today are located in Greenland and Antarctica.
• The Greenland Ice Sheet has an extensive surface area and thickness up to 3,300 meters (10,800 feet or two miles) and has a volume estimated at nearly 3 million cubic kilometers.

Additional Information

• Water vapor:
• Water vapor is water in gaseous instead of liquid form.
• It can be formed either through a process of evaporation or sublimation.
• ​Water vapor is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere.
• Water vapor in the atmosphere is often below its boiling point.
• When water is boiled the water evaporates much faster and makes steam.
• Water vapor is present within the atmosphere in varying amounts but is a vital component of the hydrologic cycle.
• In the atmosphere, water vapor can exist in trace amounts or even make up as much as 4% of the atmosphere.
• Natural geyser:
• ​A geyser is a vent on Earth's surface that periodically ejects a column of hot water and steam.
• Geysers are extremely rare features.
• They occur only where there is a coincidence of unusual conditions.
• Worldwide there are only about 1000 geysers, and most of those are located in Yellowstone National Park (USA).
• Most of the world's geysers occur in just five countries:
• The United States, Russia, Chile, New Zealand, and Iceland.
• All of these locations are where there is geologically recent volcanic activity and a source of hot rock below.

The answer is (i) Bhand Pather, (ii) Music.

Key Points

• Bhand Pather:
• It is the popular folk theatre of Kashmir.
• It is the combination of two words Bhand & Pather. Bhand means 'actor' or 'artist' and Pather in the Kashmiri language means 'to act' or 'to imitate' or 'to pretend'.
• Music is an essential element of Bhand Pather because Bhands have to cater to the tastes of the audience, men, women, and children, besides providing background music for the pather performances.
• The instruments used by the Bhand musicians are Surnai, Dhol, and Nagara.

Additional Information

• Rasleela:
• It is a Natya (Drama) from the Braj area in which the stories of Lord Krishna and Radha, are acted out.
• It is mainly performed in Uttar Pradesh.
• Nautanki:
• The tale is told in lyrical form by the actors on stage, who often dance at the same time.
• The story is often related to contemporary social problems or national feelings.
• It is mainly performed in Uttar Pradesh.

The correct answer is Lepcha.

Important Points

• The Darjiling and Sikkim Himalayas:
• It is situated between the Nepal Himalayas in the west and Bhutan Himalayas in the east.
• Known for its fast-flowing rivers such as Tista, it is a region of high mountain peaks like Kanchenjunga and deep valleys.
• The Lepcha tribes occupy the higher reaches of this region, while the Nepalis, Bengalis, and tribals from Central India populate the southern reaches.
• This region provides the perfect condition like moderate slope, thick soil cover with high organic content, well-distributed rainfall throughout the year, and mild winters for the tea plantation.
• In this region, 'Duar formation' occurs instead of Shivalik formation, which has also been used for the development of tea gardens.

The correct answer is Can gets distorted.

Key Points

• It is an Air exerts pressure type activity.
• Take a tin can with a lid. Fill it approximately half with water. Heat it till the water boils. Remove from heat. Now, pour fresh water over the can. The shape of the can gets distorted.
• Inference:
• As water is poured over the can, some steam in the can condenses into water, reducing the amount of air inside.
• The pressure of the air inside the can decreases than the pressure exerted by the air from outside the can.
• As a result, the can gets compressed.
• Fact about Air:
• Air has weight.
• The weight of air presses our bodies all the time.
• This weight of air acting on a surface causes air pressure.

Additional Information

• Some daily life experiences that show that air exerts pressure:
• You find it easier to row the boat when the wind is blowing behind you.
• The wind coming from the back helps in flying the kite.
• When we suck from the straw, the liquid rises in it.
• The medicine enters the syringe when a piston is pushed out.

The correct answer is the Tertiary sector.

Key Points

• The tertiary sector doesn't produce any goods.
• Tertiary sector:
• The tertiary sector is known as the service sector.
• It provides useful services for the primary and secondary sectors.
• It is a well-organized sector and uses modern-day logistics techniques to perform its functions.
• Banking, insurance trade, and communications, etc comes under this sector.

​​

Additional Information

• Primary sector:
• It is known as the agricultural and allied sectors.
• This sector supplies raw materials for goods and services.
• It is an unorganized sector and uses traditional techniques.
• This sector uses natural resources like forestry and fishing, mining, and oil and gas.
• Secondary sector: 
• It is known as the manufacturing sector.
• This sector converts one good into another by creating more utility from it.
• It is an organized sector and uses better methods of production.
• It includes large firms, multinational corporations, manufacturing units, and small-scale units.

The correct answer is Gupta.

Key Points

• The standing Buddha of Sarnath is an excellent example of Gupta art.

Additional Information  

• Gupta dynasty:
• Period: from mid-to-late 3rd century to 543 AD.
• Founder: Sri Gupta
• The famous king of the Gupta dynasty was Chandragupta-I, Samudragupta.
• The Gupta period was known as the “Golden Age” of ancient India.
• Last ruler: Vishnugupta.
• Delhi sultanate:
• Five dynasties were ruled on Delhi sultanate:

• Pratiharas:
• Period: Mid-7th century AD to 11th AD century.
• Founder: King Bhoja
• They ruled over western India and parts of northern India.
• They Originated from Gujarat and Rajasthan.
• The famous king of this dynasty was Nagabhatta I.
• Maurya:
• Period: From 322 BC to 185 BC
• Founder: Chandragupta Maurya
• Literary sources of the Maurya dynasty:
• Arthasastra - Kautilya
• Indica - Megasthenese
• Mudra Rakshasa - Visakha Dutta
• Last king: Brihadratha

The correct answer is: Raw Material.

Key Points

• Raw materials and available money are called working capital. Unlike tools, machines, and buildings, they are used in production.
• Raw materials, inventory of basic products, and money used to pay workers wages and cover daily expenses belong to working capital.
• Physical capital:
• It is a factor of production. It refers to the various inputs required at each stage of production, such as tools, machinery, computers, and other equipment necessary to produce goods and services.
• It is used in the production process to allow the conversion of raw materials into finished products.

Additional Information

• Machine:
• Machines are things created by humans to make work easier. It is a tool or invention that multiplies human effort.
• The operation of a machine may involve the conversion of chemical, thermal, electrical, or nuclear energy into mechanical energy, or vice versa, or its function may simply be to modify and transmit force and motion.
• ​Tools can perform various functions, such as cutting and grinding, moving, forming, clamping, guiding, making chemical changes, clamping, processing information and data, etc. specific tools can be designated for specific purposes and most tools can be used in combination.

The correct answer is Kashmir or Northwestern Himalayas.

• Kashmir or Northwestern Himalayas comprises the Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar, and Pir Panjal ranges.

Key Points

• Trans Himalaya:
• This region lies behind the Himalayas (mainly in the western part of the Himalayas) in Jammu and Kashmir and it comprises Karakoram, Ladakh, and Zaskar range.
• These ranges have been found even before the formation of the Himalayas.
• The highest peak of the Karakoram range is Mount K-2 (8611 meters) which is also known as Godwin- Austin. The other important peak of this range is the Hidden peak.
• The highest peak of the Ladakh range is Mount Rakashposhi (7788 meters). Guru Mandhata is another important peak of this range.
• The Kailash range is an offshoot of the Ladakh range. Its average elevation is 5500 to 6000 meters. The highest peak of the Kailash range is Mount Kailash (6714 meters).

Important Points

• Himachal and Uttarakhand Himalayas:
• This part lies approximately between the Ravi in the west and the Kali (a tributary of Ghaghara) in the east. It is drained by two major river systems of India, i.e. the Indus and the Ganga.
• The two distinguishing features of this region from the point of view of physiography are the ‘Shiwalik’ and ‘Dun formations’.
• Some important duns located in this region are the Chandigarh-Kalka dun, Nalagarh dun, Dehra Dun, Harike dun, and the Kota dun, etc.
• Dehra Dun is the largest of all the duns with an approximate length of 35-45 km and a width of 22-25 km.
• Darjeeling and Sikkim Himalayas:
• This part is flanked by Nepal Himalayas in the west and Bhutan Himalayas in the east. It is relatively small but is the most significant part of the Himalayas.
• It is a region of high mountain peaks like Kanchenjunga (Kanchengiri) and deep valleys.
• As compared to the other sections of the Himalayas, this region is conspicuous by the absence of the Shiwalik formations. In place of the Shiwaliks here, the ‘duar formations’ occurred.
• Sikkim and Darjiling Himalayas are also known for their scenic beauty and rich flora and fauna, particularly various types of orchids.
• Arunachal Himalayas:
• Some of the important mountain peaks of the region are Kangtu and Namcha Barwa. These ranges are dissected by fast-flowing rivers from the north to the south, forming deep gorges.
• An important aspect of the Arunachal Himalayas is the numerous ethnic tribal community inhabiting these areas.
• This region is rich in biodiversity which has been preserved by the indigenous communities. Due to rugged topography, the inter-valley transportation linkages are nominal.

The correct answer is Nagaland.

Key Points

• Hornbill Festival:
• The Hornbill Festival is celebrated every year between December 1 to 10 in Nagaland.
• This festival showcases the rich cultural heritage and tradition of the Nagas on one platform at Naga Heritage Village Kisama under Kohima District.
• All the tribes of Nagaland take part in this festival.
• The hornbill festival is named after Hornbill, the globally respected bird and which is displayed in folklore in most of the state's tribes.
• The week-long festival unites one and all in Nagaland and people enjoy colorful performances, crafts, sports, food fairs, games, and ceremonies.

Important Points

The correct answer is Physical, Chemical, and Biological processes.

Key Points

• Physical water treatment: 
• ​In this stage, physical methods are used for cleaning the wastewater.
• Processes like screening, sedimentation, and skimming are used to remove the solids.
• No chemicals are involved in this process.
• One of the main techniques of physical wastewater treatment includes sedimentation, which is a process of suspending the insoluble/heavy particles from the wastewater.
• Another effective physical water treatment technique includes aeration.
• This process consists of circulating air through the water to provide oxygen to it.
• Chemical water treatment:
• ​This treatment involves the use of chemicals in the water.
• Chlorine, an oxidizing chemical, is commonly used to kill bacteria that decomposes water by adding contaminants to it.
• Another oxidizing agent used for purifying the wastewater is ozone.
• Neutralization is a technique where an acid or base is added to bring the water to its natural pH of 7.
• Chemicals prevent the bacteria from reproducing in water, thus making the water pure.
• Biological water treatment:
• ​This uses various biological processes to break down the organic matter present in wastewater, such as soap, human waste, oils, and food.
• Microorganisms metabolize organic matter in the wastewater in biological treatment.
• It can be divided into three categories:
• ​Aerobic processes:
• Bacteria decomposes the organic matter and converts it into carbon dioxide that can be used by plants.
• Oxygen is used in this process.
• Anaerobic processes:
• Here**, fermentation** is used for fermenting the waste at a specific temperature.
• Oxygen is not used in the anaerobic process.
• Composting:
• ​ A type of aerobic process where wastewater is treated by mixing it with sawdust or other carbon sources.

The answer is Jhumming.​

Key Points

• Arunachal Himalayas is the home of numerous ethnic tribal communities. The Monpa, Abor, Mishmi, Nyishi, and Nagas are some of the most well-known tribes from west to east.
• Jhumming is practiced by the majority of these groups. It is also known as slash and burn or shifting cultivation.
• Slash-and-burn agriculture: Method of cultivation in which forests are burned and cleared for planting.
• This area is rich in biodiversity, which the indigenous communities have protected.

Important Points

• The Arunachal Himalayas:
• These stretch from the Bhutan Himalayas in the west to the Diphu pass in the east.
• Mountain peaks: Kangtu and Namcha Barwa
• Fast-flowing rivers cut across these ranges from north to south, creating deep gorges.
• Rivers: Kameng, Subansiri, Dihang, Dibang and Lohit
• The inter-valley transportation links are minimal due to the rugged topography.

The answer is Yeast.

• Yeast is an example of the Fungi kingdom.

Key Points

• Fungi kingdom:
• These are heterotrophic eukaryotic organisms.
• Some of them are known as saprotrophs, which feed on decaying organic matter.
• Others feed on the living protoplasm of a host organism. They are called parasites.
• Many of them have the capacity to become multicellular organisms at certain stages in their lives.
• Their cell walls are made of chitin, a tough complex sugar.
• Examples are yeasts, moulds, and mushrooms.

• Monera kingdom:
• These organisms lack a defined nucleus or organelles and none of them has multicellular bodies.
• Some of them have cell walls while some do not.
• This group of species may either synthesize their own food (autotrophic) or obtain it from the environment (heterotrophic).
• Bacteria, blue-green algae (cyanobacteria), and mycoplasma are examples.

The correct answer is High blood pressure.

Key Points

• High blood pressure is NOT an example of Acute disease.
• High blood pressure (hypertension) is a common condition in which the long-term force of the blood against your artery walls is high enough that it may eventually cause health problems, such as heart disease.

Additional Information

• Acute diseases develop suddenly and last a short time, often only a few days or weeks, and do not cause any major effect on general health.
• Acute diseases mostly appear suddenly.
• Infections by foreign agents cause the most acute conditions.
• Some diseases might even appear due to accidents and misuse of medication.
• Most acute diseases are communicable and are caused by an infectious agent.
• Acute diseases do not have harmful health effects.
• Symptoms associated with acute diseases appear suddenly and worsen over a short period.
• Symptoms of acute diseases differ according to the nature of the disease.
• Acute diseases can be cured completely with the administration of appropriate dosages of drugs.
• Different prevention steps can be followed for acute diseases.
• The prevention might defer to the nature of the disease.
• Examples: Common cold, Jaundice, Typhoid, Malaria, Flu, Strep throat.

The correct answer is Satriya.

Key Points

• Sattriya is a classical dance of Assam and it was introduced by Mahapurusha Sankaradeva.
• Mahapurusha Sankaradeva:
• He was born in 1449 AD in Nagaon, Assam.
• Sankardev inspired the Bhakti movement in Assam.
• He was the founder of Ekasarana Dharma.
• He is considered the father of the modern Assamese race.​

Additional Information

• Bihu:
• It is a festival of Assam.
• This festival is celebrated 3 times a year
• Rongali or Bohag Bihu: April
• Kati Bihu: October
• Bhogali or Magh Bihu: January
• Popir:
• Popir is the folk dance of Arunachal Pradesh.
• Performed by Galo tribe of Arunachal Pradesh.
• It is mainly performed by females.
• ​Ponung:
• ​It is a folk dance of Arunachal Pradesh.
• Performed by Adi tribe of Arunachal Pradesh.
• Ponung dance is an important religious celebration for the Adi tribe.

The correct answer is the Arabian sea.

Key Points

• Lakshadweep is located in the Arabian sea.

• Arabian sea:
• There are several islands in the Arabian Sea.
• The most important islands in the Arabian sea are:
• Lakshadweep Islands (India):
• It is an archipelago consisting of 36 islands with an area of 32 sq km.
• India’s smallest Union Territory is Lakshadweep.
• Socotra Island (Yemen):
• It is the largest island on the Arabian sea.
• It is an archipelago of four islands.
• Masirah Island (Oman):
• It is an island off the east coast of Oman.
• Astola Island (Pakistan):
• It is the Island of the seven hills.

Additional Information

• Bay of Bengal: 
• In the Bay of Bengal, there are many islands.
• Famous islands are the Andaman and Nicobar Islands (India),  and the Mergui Archipelago of Myanmar.
• Rivers that drain into the Bay of Bengal: Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, the Ganges, and the Brahmaputra.
• Pacific ocean:
• It is the largest ocean in the world.
• The deepest place on Earth: Mariana Trench of Pacific Ocean
• Atlantic ocean:
• It is the second-largest ocean on Earth.

The correct answer is World Bank.

Key Points

• World Bank:
• The World Bank is an international financial institution that offers loans and grants to governments in low- and middle-income countries seeking capital projects.
• The World Bank is an international organization that helps emerging market countries reduce poverty. Its main objective is to eradicate extreme poverty.​
• World Bank Headquarters: Washington, DC, USA
• World Bank President: David Malpass.
• The World Bank was established in July 1944.

Additional Information

• International Monetary Funds:
• The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international financial institution headquartered in Washington, DC.
• It is composed of 190 countries and is committed to promoting global currency cooperation, ensuring financial stability, promoting international trade, and promoting high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world.
• Managing Director of International Monetary Funds(IMF): Kristalina Georgieva.
• Headquarters of IMF: Washington, DC, USA.

• World Economic Forum(WEF):
• The World Economic Forum is an international organization for public-private cooperation.
• The World Economic Forum engages with the most important political, business, cultural and social leaders to jointly formulate global, regional, and industry agendas.
• Managing Director of World Economic Forum: Borge Brende.
• Headquarters of World Economic Forum(WEF): Cologny, Switzerland.

• New Development Bank:
• ​The New Development Bank (NDB) is a multilateral development bank (MDB) established by Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa (BRICS). Provide funding for sustainable development projects.
• President of New Development Bank(NDB): Marcos Prado Troyjo.
• Headquarters of  New Development Bank(NDB): Shanghai, China.

The correct answer is Increase in groundwater level.

Key Points

An increase in groundwater level is not a consequence of deforestation.

Deforestation

• It is a very broad term, which consists of cutting of trees including repeated lopping, felling, and removal of forest litter, browsing, grazing, and trampling of seedlings. It can also be defined as the removal or damage of vegetation in a forest to the extent that it no longer supports its natural flora and fauna.
• Deforestation not only affects the climate by increasing the atmospheric level of carbon dioxide but also affects the environment by inhibiting water recycling, triggering severe flooding, aquifer depletion**, soil degradation,** and the extinction of plant and animal species.
• Deforestation leads to an increase in soil erosion and a decrease in rainfall.
• Causes of Deforestation: The most common reason for deforestation is the cutting of wood for fuel, lumber, and paper. Another important cause relates to the clearing of forest land for agriculture, including conversion to cropland and pasture. The main causes of deforestation are:
• Agriculture
• Shifting cultivation
• Demand for firewood
• Wood for industry and commercial use
• Urbanization and developmental projects
• Overgrazing of forests

The correct answer is Valmiki.

Key Points

• Valmiki, the poet of the Ramayana, is known as Adikavi (first among the poets), and the story of Rama is occasionally referred to in the Mahabharata.
• He is widely credited for being a pioneer of Sanskrit literature,  defining the shape and form of Sanskrit poetry.
• Ramayana is an ancient Indian epic that was composed in the 5^th century BCE.
• This poem narrates the exile and return of Rama, prince of Ayodhya.
• It is one of the two most important Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other one is Mahabharata.
• It is one of the largest ancient epics in world literature and in its present form it consists of 24,000 verses divided into seven books.
• This poem has an important influence on later Sanskrit poetry and Hindu life and culture.

Additional Information

• Banabhatta
• ​Harshacharita is the composition of Banabhatta.
• Kadambri was also the great composition of Banabhatta.
• Sri Aurobindo
• He was an Indian philosopher, yogi, guru, poet, and nationalist.
• He believed that Darwinism merely describes a phenomenon of the evolution of matter into life, but does not explain the reason behind it, while he finds life to be already present in matter, because all of existence is a manifestation of Brahman.
• Bilhana was a Kashmiri poet of the 11^th century.

The correct answer is Mind Master.

• Mind Master is the name of the autobiography of Viswanathan Anand.
• Mind Master was co-authored by sports journalist Susan Ninan.

Important Points

Additional Information

• Viswanathan Anand:
• Viswanathan Anand, an Indian chess master, was the first recipient of the Rajiv Gandhi Khel Ratna Award in 1991–92.
• At age 15 he became the youngest Indian to earn the international master title.
• Viswanathan Anand won the Federation Internationale des Echecs (FIDE; international chess federation) world championship in 2000, 2007, 2008, 2010, and 2012.
• Anand, who first earned the nickname of the “Lightning Kid” in India, is known for quick tactical calculations, which he has displayed by winning numerous “speed chess” titles.

The correct answer is Trucks Prohibited.

Key Points

• This sign is used at the entrance to the road where the movement of trucks is prohibited.
• It is a mandatory sign.

Additional Information

• Parking and stopping prohibited for trucks:

• Warning for trucks:

• Entry prohibited, except for trucks:

Additional Information

• There are three kinds of a road sign in India: 
• Mandatory Signs:
• These are the road signs that need to be followed compulsorily.
• These signs are used to make sure that free movement of traffic.
• By these signs, the road users are made aware of the specific laws, such as those of speed limits and no parking zones, etc.

​​​

• Cautionary Signs:
• These traffic signs are required to make the road users realize potential dangers or safety hazards on the road.

​

​

• Informatory Signs:
• These traffic signs used to tell information like distances, fuel stations, nearby medical centers, public convenience, etc.

​

​

​​​

The correct answer is Kanauj, Ajanta, Aihole.

Key Points

• Kanauj:
• Kanauj is one of the most ancient places of India having a rich archaeological and cultural heritage.
• The ancient name of this place is Kanyakubja or Mahodya (as per Balmiki Ramayana, Mahabharat and Puran).
• Battle of Kanauj is the most significant battle which was fought between the Mughal emperor Humayun and Afghan Sher Shah Suri.
• The battle of Kanauj was fought in the year 1540 CE.
• In the battle of Kannauj, the Afghan soldiers were able to run away from the Mughal army.
• Humayun ran away from the battlefield.
• For the next 15 years, Humayun lived like a wanderer.
• Another famous event of Kanauj:
• ​The tripartite struggle for Kanauj was fought between The Palas, The Gurjara-Pratiharas, and the Rashtrakutas.
• The major cause of this continuous struggle was the desire to possess the city of Kanauj, which was then a symbol of sovereignty.
• Another cause was the control of the fertile region of the Ganga Valley.

Additional Information

• Aihole: 
• ​Aihole has been a part of Hindu mythologies.
• Currently, It is situated in the Bagalkote district of Karnataka.
• Once the capital of the early Chalukyan dynasty (6th to 8th centuries), Aihole is a picturesque village on the banks of the Malaprabha river.
• Aihole is historically famous as the cradle of Hindu temple architecture.
• There are about 125 temples divided into 22 groups scattered all over the villages and nearby fields.
• Most of these temples were built between the 6th & 8th centuries and some even earlier.
• Ajanta:
• ​It is located in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra.
• A set of 29 caves, Ajanta is among the finest examples of some of the earliest Buddhist architecture, cave paintings, and sculptures.
• These caves comprise Chaitya halls or shrines, dedicated to Lord Buddha and Viharas or monasteries, used by Buddhist monks for meditation and the study of Buddhist teachings.
• Among the most interesting paintings are the Jataka tales, illustrating diverse stories relating to the previous incarnations of the Buddha as Bodhisattva, a saintly being who is destined to become the Buddha.

The correct answer is South.

• The Brahmaputra enters Bangladesh near Dhubri, Assam at 90 degrees and flows southward.

Important Points

• Brahmaputra River:
• Origin: Near the Mansarovar lake (Chemayungdung glacier of the Kailash range)
• From the origin, it traverses eastward longitudinally for a distance of nearly 1,200 km in a dry and flat region of southern Tibet, where it is known as the Tsangpo, which means ‘the purifier.’
• It emerges as a turbulent and dynamic river after carving out a deep gorge in the Central Himalayas near Namcha Barwa (7,755 m).
• It enters India through Arunachal Pradesh where it is known as Siang or Dihang.
• Flowing southwest, it receives its main left-bank tributaries, Dibang or Sikang and Lohit thereafter, it is known as the Brahmaputra in Assam plains.
• The Brahmaputra enters Bangladesh near Dhubri and flows southward.
• The Tista meets the Brahmaputra on its right bank in Bangladesh, from where it is known as the Jamuna.
• Finally, it joins the Padma River, which empties into the Bay of Bengal.
• Tributaries:
• Right bank: Subansiri, Kameng, Manas, Sankosh, Tista
• Left bank: Dibang, Lohit, Burhi Dihing, Dhansari

The correct answer is Akshay Kumar.

Key Points

• Akshay Kumar was awarded Best Actor in a leading role in the Dadasaheb Phalke Awards 2021.
• The Dadasaheb Phalke International Film Festival Awards 2021 was announced on February 20, 2021, for honoring the best in television, film, and music.
• The Dadasaheb Phalke Award is India's highest award in cinema.
• It is presented annually at the National Film Awards ceremony by the Directorate of Film Festivals, an organization set up by the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting.

 

• DPIFF (Dadasaheb Phalke International Film Festival) hosts the most Prestigious Award Function to honor and appreciate the Entertainment & Film Industry and commemorate those deserving storytellers, creative writers, passionate filmmakers, and maverick artists who are part of great Indian cinema.

Additional Information

 

Important Points

• Dadasaheb Phalke is known as the 'Father of Indian Cinema.
• The Father of Indian Cinema 'Dadasaheb Phalke' was born in Mumbai on 30 April 1870.
• He made the first Indian feature film Raja Harishchandra in the year 1913.
• In his memory, the Government of India introduced the Dadasaheb Phalke Award in 1969.
• The very first recipient of this award was Devika Rani who received it in 1969.

The correct answer is Job card.

Key Points

• A job card is the standard format for recording defects in a vehicle at a service station.
• When a vehicle owner enters the service center, he or she is attended to by the supervising engineer.
• The customer informs about the vehicle defect.
• After getting feedback from the vehicle owner or driver regarding defects of the vehicle**, the supervising engineer in a service station or workshop inspects it.**
• The defects pointed out or listed are noted down in a standard format, which is called the job card or work order.
• Almost all the information must be properly filled in the job card by the supervisor with their signature and the customer also needs to sign on the authorization for the work column.
• Then the repairing or servicing job on the vehicle is taken over.
• Vehicle maintenance is generally done at a vehicle service center.

Additional Information​

• The vehicle manual is an instructional booklet that is specific to your vehicle.
• It includes important information to make you a better driver and car owner, including maintenance and troubleshooting advice.
• The owner of the vehicle is expected to read and use this manual, as it mentions vehicle maintenance tips during driving.
• Vehicle log books act as proof of ownership and are used by the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Authority (DVLA) to ensure a nationwide record is kept of every vehicle and its registered, keeper.

The correct answer is option 1

CONCEPT:

• The resistive force between a vehicle’s tires and the road is known as rolling resistance or rolling force.

EXPLANATION:

• Rolling resistance:
• Rolling resistance is the force that acts against the forward movement of a vehicle.
• Vehicle weight, air, gravity, and inertia, friction between tire and road play an important role in this resistance.
• The greater the rolling resistance, the greater power it takes to propel a vehicle.
• The rolling resistance of tires can be measured by the drum test.

Additional Information

• Earthing resistance: 
• The resistance produced by the earth electrode to the flow of current into the ground is known as the earth resistance.
• It mainly denotes the resistance between the electrode and the point of zero potential.
• It is the ratio of the potential of the earth electrode to the current dispersed by the earth electrode.
• The potential fall method is used to measure the resistance between the earthing plate and the ground.

The correct answer is**:​Warning for a roundabout.**

Key Points

• A roundabout is a circular intersection, usually without traffic lights, and flows counterclockwise around the central island. Motorists should enter from the right, drive into the traffic already in the roundabout, and follow the circle on the right until they reach the desired road.

Additional Information

• Turning left prohibited: This sign indicates that the driver must not turn left under any circumstances.
• Turning right prohibited: This sign indicates that the driver must not turn right under any circumstances. Turn right only traffic signs mark dedicated turning lanes. You can only turn right from the lane indicated by this sign.
• Turning around mandatory (U-turn): A U-turn requires a street wide enough for the driver to complete the manoeuvre. U-turns are particularly dangerous because the driver needs to cross the lane to complete the operation. A collision is the most destructive accident to a vehicle, in which the vehicle is driving while the truck is crossing the road. In the case of trucks without the necessary reflective materials and tape to improve visibility, this threat will increase.

The correct answer is Pedestrians prohibited.

Key Points

• Pedestrian prohibition signs are regulatory traffic signs. It is characterized by a black pedestrian symbol pictogram in the circular space and a diagonal line on a white square background Control traffic signs inform users of traffic laws or regulations, ignoring it as a crime.

Additional Information

• Pedestrians walking right are prohibited: Walk with care and with all sense. Look towards oncoming traffic. Never assume the driver has seen you when you are about to cross the road, it's your responsibility to save yourself.
• Begin of a zone for pedestrians: Pedestrian areas are usually areas such as shopping streets, in these areas pedestrians tend to dominate at any time or at certain times of the day and make the most of the width of the road.

The correct answer is 5 hours 30 minutes.

• Indian Standard Time (IST) is 5 hours 30 minutes ahead of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).

Key Points

• In India, the longitude of 82.5^° E is treated as the Standard Meridian. The local time at the meridian is taken as the Standard Time for the whole country. It is known as the Indian Standard Time (IST).
• The Prime Meridian is a 0^° and is known as the Greenwich line as it passes through Greenwich near London, where the British Royal Observatory is located.
• Longitudes have one very important function i.e. they determine Local Time in relation to Greenwich Mean Time (GMT).
• Local Time is the time reckoned by the noon-sun at a given place and Standard Time is the Local Time of the Standard Meridian of a country.

Additional Information

The correct answer is Hugli.

Key Points

• Hugli River (sometimes spelled “Hooghly”) is a Ganges River distributary, one of the many branches of the river that are collectively known as the “Mouths of the Ganges.”

Important Points

• The first English factory was set up on the banks of the river Hugli in 1651.
• The factory had a warehouse where goods for export were stored, and it had offices where Company officials sat.
• By 1696 it began building a fort around the settlement.
• Two years later it bribed Mughal officials into giving the Company zamindari rights over three villages.
• One of these was Kalikata, which later grew into the city of Calcutta or Kolkata as it is known today.
• It also persuaded the Mughal emperor Aurangzeb to issue a 'Farman' granting the Company the right to trade duty-free.
• 'Farman' means A royal edict or royal order.

Additional Information

• Barak River:
• ​It rises in the Manipur hills and enters the plains near Lakhipur.
• The river enters Bangladesh as Surma and Kushiyara.
• Later, the river is called the Meghna and receives the combined flow of the Ganga and Brahmaputra.
• The principal tributaries of Barak are the Jiri, the Dhaleswari, the Singla, the Longai, the Sonai, and the Katakhal.
• Narmada:
• ​It is the largest west flowing river of the Peninsula.
• It rises near the Amarkantak range of mountains in Madhya Pradesh.
• It is the fifth-largest river in the country and the largest one in Gujarat.
• It traverses Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, and Gujarat and meets the Gulf of Cambay.
• The total length of the river from source to sea is 1312 kilometers (815 miles) while the length up to the dam site is 1163 kilometers(723 miles).
• The total basin area of the river is 97,410 square kilometers comprising 85,858 square kilometers in Madhya Pradesh, 1658 square kilometers in Maharashtra, and 9894 square kilometers in Gujarat.
• Mahanadi:
• ​It originates at an elevation of about 422 meters above mean sea level near Pharsiya village near Nagri town in the Raipur district of Chhattisgarh.
• It is one of the major inter-state east-flowing rivers.
• The total length of the river from its origin to the confluence of the Bay of Bengal is about 851 Km, of which, 357 Km lies in Chhattisgarh and the balance 494 Km in Odisha.
• There are 14 major tributaries of which join the river upstream of Hirakud reservoir and 2 nos. join downstream of Hirakud.
• Mahanadi is one of the most flood-causing rivers of India.

The correct answer is the Khilji dynasty.

Key Points

• The time period of the Khilji Dynasty was from (1290-1320 AD).
• The Khilji dynasty was founded by Jalaluddin Khilji.
• Alauddin Khilji, a nephew of Jalaluddin Khilji hatched a conspiracy and got Sultan Jalaluddin killed and proclaimed himself as the Sultan in 1296.
• Alauddin Khilji was the first Muslim ruler whose empire covered almost the whole of India up to its extreme south.
• He fought many battles, conquered Gujarat, Ranthambhor, Chittor, Malwa, and Deccan. During his reign of 20 years.
• Allauddin died in 1316 A.D., and with his death, the Khilji dynasty came to an end.

Additional Information

The answer is Turning left mandatory.

• Compulsory Turn Left
• This sign indicates the appropriate directions in which the vehicles are permitted to proceed. Vehicles are supposed to move in the left direction.
• This sign comes under the categories of Mandatory/Regulatory signs.
• Mandatory/Regulatory signals of traffic:

The correct answer is Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

Key Points

• Bal Gangadhar Tilak raised the slogan, “Swaraj is my birthright and I shall have it!”.
• The word Swarajya was first coined by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.
• Bal Gangadhar Tilak was also known as Lokmanya Tilak.
• He established a prominent organization Deccan Education Society to promote modern learning.
• He also established Fergusson College at Pune.
• He along with Annie Besant played an important role during Home Rule Movement(1916-18).
• Kesari and Mahratta were the two newspapers started by Bal Gangadhar Tilak.

Additional Information

• Dadabhai Naroji:
• The Second session of the Indian National Congress was held at Calcutta in 1886 under the presidentship of Dadabhai Naoroji.
• Dadabhai Naoroji was the first Indian to use the word Swarajya in Calcutta Session.
• He was also known as the Grand Old Man of India.
• He was the first Indian to be elected to the House of Commons on a Liberal Party ticket.
• He wrote the book Poverty and unBritish Rule in India.
• Badruddin Tayabji:
• Badruddin Tyabji was the first Muslim President of the Indian National Congress.
• He was a prominent lawyer, Indian independence movement activist, and politician during the times of British India.
• He was the first Indian to practice as a barrister, of the High Court of Bombay.
• The Third session of the Indian National Congress was held at Madras in 1887 under the chairmanship of Syed Badruddin Tyabji.
• He became the first Indian to hold the post of Chief Justice of the Bombay High Court.
• WC Bonnerji:
• The first president of the Indian National Congress was Womesh Chandra Bonnerjee.
• The  Indian National Congress (INC) was set up in the year 1885 at Bombay.

The correct answer is to slow down.

Key Points

• While driving on a curve the driver should slow down.
• There are three steps to drive through a curve safely:
• When approaching a curve, slow down appropriately and position your car to the side of your lane which is opposite the direction of the curve.
• If the road winds to the right, for example, move to the left side of your lane.
• As you continue to drive through the curve, smoothly position your vehicle towards the other side of your lane.
• When approaching the end of the bend, gradually ease back to the normal position in your lane, then accelerate out of it in a straight line.
• you must stay alert for other drivers and traffic while rounding a curve.
• If other vehicles are too close to the center of the road while you're driving through a curve, it could put you at risk of a head-on collision.

The correct answer is Parking and stopping prohibited.

Key Points

• The meaning of the above sign is no stopping or standing.
• The given sign is a mandatory sign.

Additional Information

• Parking allowed:

• Entry prohibited:

• Crossroad ahead:

Important Points

• There are three kinds of a road sign in India: 
• Mandatory Signs:
• These are the road signs that need to be followed compulsorily.
• These signs are used to make sure the free movement of traffic.
• By these signs, the road users are made aware of the specific laws, such as those of speed limits and no parking zones, etc.
• Cautionary Signs:
• These traffic signs are required to make the road users realize potential dangers or safety hazards on the road.
• Informatory Signs:
• These traffic signs are used to tell information like distances, fuel stations, nearby medical centers, public convenience, etc.

The correct answer is**: Dr G. Satheesh Reddy**

Key Points

• Defense Research and Development Organisation(DRDO):
• DRDO stands for National Defence Research and Development Organization. It was established in 1958 by the Government of India under the leadership of the Ministry of Defense.
• It was formed by the merger of three major advocacy organizations. 
• Defense Science Organization(DSO)
• Defense Technology Development Establishment(DTDE)
• Directorate of Technical Development and Production(DTDP)
• The missiles developed by DRDO are:
• Short-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile: Prithvi
• Medium-range surface-to-surface ballistic missile: Agni
• Low-altitude, short-range surface-to-air missile: Trisul
• Medium-range surface-to-air missile: Akash
• The third generation of anti-tank missiles: Nag
• ​​The Mission of DRDO:
• Design, develop and lead to the production of state-of-the-art sensors, weapon systems, platforms, and allied equipment for our Defence Services.
• Provide technological solutions to the Services to optimize combat effectiveness and promote the well-being of the troops.
• Develop infrastructure and committed quality manpower and build a strong indigenous technology base.

Additional Information

• The current chairman of The Securities and Exchange Board of India: Madhabi Puri Buch.
• The current chairman of the State Bank of India(SBI): Dinesh Kumar Khara.
• Current Chairman of DRDO: Samir Kamat (Appointed on 25th Aug 2022)

The correct answer is ​Rigveda.

Key Points

• Rig Veda:
• ​Rigveda is considered one of the most sacred texts in Hinduism.
• Rigveda is divided into ten books, called Mandalas.
• It is a collection of 10600 verses and 1028 hymns.
• It originated in 1700 BC.
• It is the oldest text in any Indo-European language.
• The Rig Veda mentioned various craftsmen, they were carpenters, carts Manufacturers, weavers, furriers, potters, etc.

Important Points

• The Vedas are a large number of religious documents that originated in ancient India. These texts are composed of Vedic Sanskrit and constitute the oldest layer of Sanskrit literature and the oldest writing of Hinduism.
• There are four types of Vedas**: Rigveda, Yajurveda, Samaveda and Atharvaveda.**

Additional Information

• Yajur Veda:
• ​It is also called a prayer book.
• The history of Yajurveda can be traced back to 1100-800 BC.
• It contains hymns & rituals, sacrifices, Royal ceremonies.
• The Yajurveda is the Veda of prose mantras.
• It is a compilation of ritual offering formulas that were said by a priest while an individual performed ritual actions such as those before the yajna fire.
• ​Sama Veda:
• ​It is the Book of Veda of melodies, chants Origin of Indian music.
• For recitation, prayers of Rig Veda were set to tunes Modified collection is known as Sama Veda.
• Atharvaveda:
• It is Knowledge of storehouse of atharvaṇas, the procedures for everyday life.
• The text is the fourth Veda but has been a late addition to the Vedic scriptures of Hinduism, Origin of Indian medicine, Contains formulae, charms & spells to ward off evil & diseases.,Mostly dealing with magic along
  

with personal problems of people.

• It has 730 hymns, 6000 mantras, and 20 books.

The correct answer is slowly and smoothly.

Key Points

• After completing a right turn, the driver should slowly and smoothly merge with mainstream traffic.
• When turning right, move to the right of the road you are leaving.
• When changing lanes, the most important thing is to wait until there is a clear gap in the traffic.
• Then move safely and smoothly into the centre of the desired lane, while maintaining your space in the flow of traffic so that no other vehicle is forced to slow down, speed up, or change lanes to avoid a collision.
• When we turn, follow these steps-
• Turn on your signal.
• Check your mirrors.
• Check your blind spot by looking over your shoulder.
• Turn off your signal after taking the turn.

The Correct answer is As close as possible to the kerb.

Key Points

• The bus should be stopped as close as possible to the kerb at a bus stop.
• Bus stops should be located where they are convenient to use and the safety of passengers and other road users has to be taken into account.
• All potential sites should be inspected for suitability by representatives of Roads Service,Translink’s Bus Operations Division
• In assessing the suitability of a potential site, the prime considerations will be road and pedestrian safety. Issues to be considered include environmental intrusion and road and pavement constraints.
• The following factors can influence the detailed location of a bus stop or bus shelter and should be taken into consideration at the planning stage:
• Proximity to adjacent junctions;
• Proximity to pedestrian crossings;
• Bends or crests in the road;
• On-street parking;
• Existing accesses to residential and business properties; and,
• Footway or verge width

Given:

The bag has total Rs. 46.

1 rupee, 50 paise, and 10 paise coins are in the ratio of 1 : 2 : 3 respectively.

Calculation:

Let 1 rupee, 50 paise and 10 paise coins be x, 2x and 3x

Then, the value of 1 rupee coin is Rs. (x × 1)

⇒ Rs. x

And, the value of 50 paise rupee coin is Rs. (2x × 1/2)

⇒ Rs. x

And, the value of 10 paise rupee coin is Rs. (3x × 1/10)

⇒ Rs. 3x/10

According to the question, we have

Rs. {x + x + (3x/10)} = Rs. 46

⇒ (10x + 10x + 3x)/10 = 46

⇒ 23x = 46 × 10

⇒ x = 460/23

⇒ x = 20

So, 2x = 2 × 20

⇒ 40

∴ There are 40 coins of 50 paise in the bag.

Given:

The average of 7 numbers is 12.

The average of another 9 number is 16.

Formula used:

Average = (Sum of values)/(Number of values)

Calculation:

According to the question, we have

(Sum of 7 values)/7 = 12

⇒ Sum of 7 values = 12 × 7

⇒ Sum of 7 values = 84

And, (Sum of 9 values)/9 = 16

⇒ Sum of 9 values = 16 × 9

⇒ Sum of 9 values = 144

Now, Average of 16 values = (sum of 16 values)/16

⇒ (84 + 144)/16

⇒ 228/16

⇒ 14.25

∴ The required average of 16 numbers is 14.25.

Given:

The divisor is 252

The remainder is 34.

Formula used:

Dividend = (Divisor × Quotient) + Reminder

Calculation:

Let the quotient be x

According to the formula, we have

Dividend = 252x + 34

Now, 252x + 34 is divided by 21

Here, 252 is divisible by 21

So, 252x is divisible by 21

When 34 is divided by 21, leaves the reminder 13

∴ The required reminder is 13.

Given:

When 1040 and 885 are divided by a number leaves remainders 20 and 35 respectively.

Concept used:

The greatest number which divides any set of numbers (a, b) and leaves different reminders (x, y) = H.C.F. of {(a - x), (b - y)}

Calculation:

Here a, b are 1040 and 885 respectively

And x, y are 20 and 35 respectively

So, (a - x) = 1040 - 20

⇒ 1020

And, (b - y) = 885 - 35

⇒ 850

We can write 1020 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 5 × 17

And, 850 = 2 × 5 × 5 × 17

So, H.C.F. of 1020 and 850 = 2 × 5 × 17

⇒ 170

∴ The required number is 170.

Given:

$\dfrac{2}{7} \ of\ \dfrac{21}{29} \ of\ 348 = x$

Concept used:

Calculation:

$\dfrac{2}{7} \ of\ \dfrac{21}{29} \ of\ 348 = x$

⇒ (2/7) × (21/29) × 348 = x

⇒ 2 × 3 × 12 = x

⇒ 72 = x

∴ The value of x is 72.

Given:

342 - 262 = ?2 - (30% of 320)

Formula used:

a² - b² = (a - b)(a + b)

Calculation:

342 - 262 = ?2 - (30% of 320)

⇒ (34 - 26)(34 + 26) = ?² - [(30/100) × 320]

⇒ 8 × 60 = ?² - 96

⇒ 480 + 96 = ?²

⇒ 576 = ?²

⇒ (24)² = ?²

⇒ 24 = ?

∴ The value of ? is 24.

Given:

Profit percentage on selling price = 12.5%

Formula used:

CP = SP - Profit

Profit % = (Profit/CP) × 100% = [(SP - CP)/CP] × 100

Where, CP = Cost Price, SP = Selling Price

Calculation:

Let the SP be 100 units

Then,

CP = SP - Profit

⇒ CP = 100 - 12.5

⇒ CP = 87.5 units

Now, As we know that

Profit% = (Profit/CP) × 100%

⇒ (12.5/87.5) × 100%

⇒ 14.28%

∴ The Actual profit percentage is 14.28%.

Given:

280 ÷ 14 × 15 + 252 = ?2 + 20% of 125

Concept used:

Calculations:

According to the question, we have

280 ÷ 14 × 15 + 252 = ?2 + 20% of 125

⇒ 20 × 15 + 625 = ?² + (1/5) × 125

⇒ 300 + 625 = ?² + 25

⇒ ?² = 925 - 25

⇒ ? = √900

⇒ ? = 30

∴ The value of ? is 30.

Given:

A person buys an article at 7/9 of its value and sells it for 20 percent more than its value

Formula used:

P = SP - CP

P% = (P/CP) × 100

Where CP is Cost price, SP is Selling price, P is Profit, P% is Profit percent

Calculations:

Let, When he buy SP and CP be 7 units and 9 units

⇒ Actual value = 9 units and Cost price for him is 7 units

According to the question, we have

If the article is sold at 20% profit, then selling price is

SP = (100 + 20)% of 9  [When selling rhe article]

⇒ SP = 1.2 × 9

⇒ SP = 10.8 units

Now, CP is 7 units and SP is 10.8 units

Then, Profit is

P = SP - CP

⇒ P = 10.8 - 7

⇒ P = 3.8 units

Profit percent is 

P% = (P/CP) × 100

⇒ P% = (3.8/7) × 100

⇒ P% = 54.2857%

So, we can write as profit percent is 54.30%

∴ The profit percentage is 54.30%.

Given:

Three bells ring simultaneously at 7 p.m.

They ring at regular intervals of 15 minutes, 18 minutes and 20 minutes respectively. 

Concept used:

The concept of Lowest common multiple (LCM) will be used

Calculations:

According to the question, we have

All bells ring at regular intervals of 15 minutes, 18 minutes and 20 minutes respectively

LCM of 15, 18 and 20 is 

⇒ 15 = 3 × 5

⇒ 18 = 2 × 3 × 3

⇒ 20 = 2 × 2 × 5

⇒ LCM = 2 × 2 × 3 × 3 × 5

⇒ LCM = 180

All bells ring after 180 minutes

As we know, 60 Minutes = 1 hour

So, 180 minutes = 3 hours 

Thus, all bells ring after 3 hours 

⇒ 7 p.m. + 3 hours

⇒ 10 p.m.

∴ All the three bells ring after 10 p.m.

Given:

The marked price of a radio is Rs. 1200.

The shopkeeper allows a discount of 12% 

Profit is 32%

Concept used:

CP/MP = (100 - D%)/(100 + P%)

P = SP - CP

P% = (P/CP) × 100

where, CP is Cost price, MP is Marked price, D% is Discount percent, P% is Profit percent and P is Profit

Calculations:

According to the question, we have

CP/MP = (100 - D%)/(100 + P%)

⇒ CP/1200 = (100 - 12)/(100 + 32)

⇒ CP = (88/132) × 1200

⇒ CP = (2/3) × 1200

⇒ CP = Rs. 800

If no discount is allowed, then SP is Rs. 1200 and the profit is 

P = SP - CP

⇒ P = Rs. 1200 - Rs. 800

⇒ P = Rs. 400

So, Profit percent is 

P% = (P/CP) × 100

⇒ P% = (400/800) × 100

⇒ P% = 50%

∴ The profit percentage is 50%.

Given:

(420 ÷ 12 × 35 + 452 - 152) = ?2

Concept used:

Use BODMAS

Calculation:

(420 ÷ 12 × 35 + 452 - 152) = ?2

⇒ (35 × 35 + 452  - 152) = ?2

⇒ (35² + 452 - 152) = ?2

⇒ [35² + (45 - 15)(45 + 15)] = ?²

⇒ 1225 + 30 × 60 = ?²

⇒ 3025 = ?²

⇒ 55 = ?

∴ Value of question mark '?' is 55.

Given:

 x : y = 7 : 3 

Calculation:

According to question

(9x + 5y)/(3x + 2y) = [9(x/y) + 5]/[3(x/y) + 2]

put x/y = 7/3

⇒ (9x + 5y)/(3x + 2y) = [9(7/3) + 5]/[3(7/3) + 2]

⇒ (9x + 5y)/(3x + 2y) = [(9 × 7 + 5 × 3)/3]/[(3 × 7 + 2 × 3)/3]

⇒ (9x + 5y)/(3x + 2y) = (63+ 15)/(21 + 6)

⇒ (9x + 5y)/(3x + 2y) = 78/27

⇒ (9x + 5y)/(3x + 2y) = 26/9

∴ The value of (9x + 5y)/(3x + 2y) will be 26/9.

Alternate Method

x : y = 7 : 3

⇒ x/y = 7/3

⇒ x/7 = y/3 = k          [Say, k is a constant] 

⇒ x = 7k and y = 3k

Now,

 $\dfrac{9x+5y}{3x+2y}$

⇒ ${({9 \times 7k}) + ({5 \times 3k})} \over {(3 \times 7k)} + ({2 \times 3k})$

⇒ (63k + 15k)/(21k + 6k)

⇒ 78k/27k

⇒ 26/9

∴ Required simplified value is 26/9

Given:

40% of 540 + 182 = ? % of 1200

Calculation:

Let value of '?' be x

⇒ 40% of 540 + 182 = x% of 1200

⇒ 40% × 540 + 182 = x% × 1200

⇒ 40/100 × 540 + 182 = x/100 × 1200

⇒ 4 × 54 + 324 = x × 12

⇒ 540 = 12x

⇒ x = 45

∴ The value of question marks '?' is 45.

Given:

The average number of runs scored by a batsman in 14 matches is 39.

Again, he scores an average of 31 runs in the next 12 matches.

Formula:

Sum of values = Average × Number of values

Calculation:

Total runs scored by the batsman in 14 matches = 39 × 14 = 546

Total runs scored in the next 12 matches = 31 × 12 = 372

Total runs scored in 26 matches = 546 + 372 = 918

The average runs scored in 26 matches = 918/26 = 35.3

∴ The average runs scored by a batsman in 26 matches is 35.3

Given:

When the numerator of a fraction is increased by 25 percent and the denominator is decreased by 50 percent, it becomes 2/5.

Calculation:

Let the numerator of a fraction be x and the denominator of the fraction be y.

The numerator of a fraction when increased by 25 percent = 5x/4

The denominator of a fraction when decreased by 50 percent = y/2

Fraction = (5x/4)/(y/2) = 5x/2y

According to the question, the fraction obtained is 2/5. 

⇒ 5x/2y = 2/5

⇒ 25x = 4y

⇒ x/y = 4/25

∴ The value of original fraction is 4/25.

 

Alternate Method

Let numerator = x and denominator = y

x × 125/y × 50 = 2/5

25x/10y = 2/5

x : y = 4 : 25

Given:

The ratio of cost price and marked price of a shirt is 9 ∶ 11.

The ratio of profit percentage and the discount percentage is 1 ∶ 1.

Formula:

Profit percent = {(Selling price – Cost price)/Cost price} × 100.

Discount percent = {(Marked price – Selling price)/Marked price} × 100.

Calculation:

Let the common factor of the prices be 10.

Then, the cost price is 90 and the marked price is 110.

Let “x” be the selling price of the shirt.

Then, profit percent = [(x – 90)/90] × 100

Also, the discount percent = [(110 – x)/110] × 100

We are also given that the ratio of profit percentage and discount percentage = 1 ∶ 1.

⇒ [{(x – 90)/90} × 100]/[{(110 – x)/110} × 100] = 1

On Simplifying the above equation, we get,

⇒ {(x – 90)/(110 – x)} = 9/11

⇒ 11(x – 90) = 9(110 – x)

⇒ 11x + 9x = 990 + 990

⇒ 11x + 9x = 1980

⇒ x = 1980/20 = 99.

We calculated selling price of the shirt = 99

Profit percentage = [(99 – 90)/90] × 100 = 10%

∴ The value of profit percentage is 10%.

Given:

Raman saves 20 percent of his income.

Raman’s income increases by 50 percent after 2 years.

After 2 years, Raman saving is same as 2 years ago.

Calculation:

Let the income of Raman be 100.

Then saving = 20 and expenditure = 80.

According to the question,

Two years later, Raman’s income is increased by 50 percent.

The income of Raman after 2 years = 150

Also, we are given that saving after two years is same as before.

Two years later, saving = 20 and expenditure = 150 – 20 = 130.

Percentage increase in expenditure:

 ⇒ [(130 – 80)/80] × 100

⇒ (50/80) × 100

⇒ 62.5 percent.

∴ The percentage increase in the value of expenditure is 62.5 percent.

Given:

27% of x 783

Calculation:

Let the number is x

According to the question

(27%)x = 783 

⇒ x = (783 × 100)/27

⇒ x = 2,900

Now, 55% of x

⇒ (55 × 2,900)/100

⇒ 1595

∴ 55% of the number is 1,595.

Given:

√361 = ? – 142 – 17 × 7 

Calculation:

√361 = ? – 142 – 17 × 7 

⇒ 19 = ? - 196 - 119

⇒ 19 = ? - 315

⇒ 19 + 315 = ?

⇒ 334 = ?

∴ The value of ? is 334.

Given:

The vessel has total 540 litres of a mixture of honey, milk and water.

Honey, milk and water in the ratio of 3 : 4 : 5 respectively.

Calculation:

Let the amount of honey, milk and water be 3x, 4x and 5x respectively

According to the question, we have

3x + 4x + 5x = 540 litres

⇒ 12x = 540 litres

⇒ x = 540/12 litres

⇒ x = 45 litres

So, the amount of honey is 3x litres = (3 × 45) litres

⇒ 135 litres

And, the amount of milk is 4x litres = (4 × 45) litres

⇒ 180 litres

And, the amount of water is 5x litres = (5 × 45) litres

⇒ 225 litres

Since 15 litres of honey is added

So, the new amount of honey = (135 + 15) liters

⇒ 150 litres

And, 20 litres of milk is added 

So, the new amount of milk = (180 + 20) litres

⇒ 200 litres

Now, the new ratio of honey, milk and water is 150 : 200 : 225

⇒ 6 : 8 : 9

∴ The new ratio of honey, milk and water in the vessel is 6 : 8 : 9.

Given:

The height and radius of the cylinder is 36 cm and 8 cm respectively

Formula used:

Volume of cylinder = πr²h

Volume of sphere = (4/3)πR³

Here, r and h are the radius and height of the cylinder 

And, R is the radius of the sphere

Concept used:

When an object is made from melted material of another object, then both the object has the same volume.

Calculation:

Volume of cylinder = πr²h

⇒ π × 8² × 36 cm³

⇒ 2304π cm³      ----(1)

According to the concept, we have

Volume of sphere = 2304π

Ler, R be the radius of the sphere

⇒ (4/3)πR³ = 2304π cm³

⇒ R³ = (2304 × 3)/4 cm³

⇒ R³ = 576 × 3 cm³

⇒ R³ = 1728 cm³

So, R = ∛1728 cm

⇒ R = 12 cm

∴ The radius of the sphere is 12 cm.

Given:

Tap A is 50 percent more efficient than tap B.

Both taps together can fill the tank in (96/5) hours.

Formula used:

Total work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

Let B fill x unit of the tank in 1 hour

According to the question,

A fill {x + (x/2)}  unit of the tank in 1 hour

⇒ (3x/2) unit of the tank in 1 hour

So, A and B together fill {x + (3x/2)}  unit of the tank in 1 hour

⇒ (5x/2) unit of the tank in 1 hour

Now, (96/5) hours of work of (A + B) = (5x/2) × (96/5)

⇒ 48x unit

According to the question, 48x unit is the total capacity of the tank

So, Time taken by A to fill the tank alone = 48x/(3x/2) hours

⇒ 16 × 2 hours

⇒ 32 hours

∴ Tap A can fill the tank in 32 hours.

Calculation:

Total number of employees in city E = 330

The ratio of employees of different departments = HR ∶ Accounts ∶ Production = 6 ∶ 4 ∶ 1

Number of employees of accounts department in city E = [330 × (4/11)]

⇒ 120

Total number of employees in city A = 240

The ratio of employees of different departments = HR ∶ Accounts ∶ Production = 1 ∶ 2 ∶ 3

Number of employees of accounts department in city A = [240 × (2/6)]

⇒ 80

Total number of employees in city B = 450

The ratio of employees of different departments = HR ∶ Accounts ∶ Production = 7 ∶ 1 ∶ 1

Number of employees of production department in city B = [450 × (1/9)]

⇒ 50

Total number of employees = 120 + 80 + 50

⇒ 250

∴ The total number of employees is 250.

Given:

Principal = Rs. 10,000

Rate = 18% per annum

Time = 8 months

Formula used:

CI = Amount - Principal

A = P[1 + (R/n100)]^nt

Where, CI = Compound Interest, A = Amount, P = Principal, R = Rate, t = time, n = Number of times compounded per year

Calculation:

Rate of interest (R) = 18% per annum

Time (t) = 8 months = 8/12 years

Compounded per year (n) = 12/4 = 3

As we know that

A = P[1 + (R/n100)]^nt

⇒ 10,000 × [1 + (18/3 × 100)]^{3 × (8/12)}

⇒ 10,000 × [1 + 6/100]²

⇒ 10,000 × (53/50) × (53/50)

⇒ Rs. 11,236

Now, CI = Amount - Principal

⇒ Rs. (11,236 - 10,000)

⇒ Rs. 1236

∴ The compound Interest is Rs. 1236.

Given:

Distance = 180 km

Time taken = 6 hours

Formula used:

Speed = Distance/time

Calculation:

In 2nd case time should be [6 × (3/5)] hours

Speed = Distance/Time

⇒ Speed = 180/[6 × (3/5)]

⇒ Speed = (180 × 5)/18

⇒ Speed = 10 × 5

⇒ Speed = 50 km/h

∴ The speed of car is 50 km/h

Given:

Speed of man in still water = 9 km/h

Speed of stream = 6 km/h

Total time taken = 14 hours

Concept used:

If the speed of a boat/man in still water be x km/h and the speed of the stream be y km/h, then

Speed of boat downstream = (x + y) km/h

Speed of boat upstream = (x - y) km/h

Speed = Distance/Time

Calculation:

Let the distance traveled by man be D km and time taken be t₁ in downstream and t₂ in upstream

Speed of man in downstream = (x + y) km/h

⇒ (9 + 6) = 15 km/h

Time, t₁ = D/15      ----(1)

Speed of man in upstream = (x - y) km/h

⇒ (9 - 6) = 3 km/h

Time, t₂ = D/3      ----(2)

Adding equations (1) and (2), we get

⇒ t₁ + t₂ = (D/15) + (D/3)

⇒ 14 = (5D + D)/15

⇒ 14 × 15 = 6D

⇒ (14 × 15)/6 = D

⇒ 7 × 5 = D

⇒ 35 km = D

∴ The place is 35 km far away.