DSSSB JJA: Memory Based Paper (Held on: 10th March) (Previous Year Paper)

The correct answer is 'more delicious'.

Key Points

• The use of the adverb 'deliciously' is wrong in the given sentence.
• Certain verbs are called verbs of sensations. E.g. taste, smell, feel, sound, seem, look, etc.
• Verbs of sensations are always followed by an adjective.
• E.g. He seems an honest person.
• The given sentence is making a comparison. Hence, 'more' will be used with the adjective 'delicious'.
• According to the rule and example that are given above, 'more delicious' will be used in the underlined part of the sentence.

Correct Sentence: The food cooked by my grandmother tastes more delicious than that of my mother.

Hinglish

• दिए गए वाक्य में adverb 'deliciously' का उपयोग गलत है।
• कुछ verbs को verbs of sensation कहा जाता है। जैसे taste, smell, feel, sound, seem, look, आदि।
• Verbs of sensation के बाद हमेशा एक adjective का उपयोग किया जाता है।
• E.g. He seems an honest person.
• दिया गया वाक्य comparison कर रहा है। इसलिए, adjecitive 'delicious' के साथ 'more' का उपयोग किया जाएगा।
• ऊपर दिए गए नियम और उदाहरण के अनुसार, वाक्य के underlined भाग में 'more delicious' का उपयोग किया जाएगा।

The correct answer is: 'Between'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate option to correct the underlined part of the given sentence is 'Between'.
• Here, 'Beside' is a preposition used to suggest at the side of something. 
• Example: They live beside the sea.
• Here, 'Between' is a preposition used to suggest the division between two.
• ​Example: There is a door between the two rooms.
• **​'Between' should be used in place of 'Beside' to make the sentence correct.

​​​Therefore, the correct answer is: 'Option 1'.

Correct sentence: The two friends shared chocolates between themselves.

Additional Information

• ​**'Among**' is also Preposition used to suggest division of something more than two people.
• 'To' is also Preposition used to suggest motion in the direction of a particular location.

The correct answer is 'open a door?'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is grammatically incorrect.
• Here, 'open the door?' should be used instead of 'open a door?'
• By using "open the door," it implies a specific door that the speaker wants the listener to open.
• It suggests that the speaker is referring to a particular door that they expect the listener to be aware of or to identify based on context.
• The use of "the" instead of "a" indicates a particular door that the speaker wants the listener to open, possibly one they both know about or one that is contextually relevant.

Correct Sentence: Can you please open the door? I can hear somebody knocking.

The correct answer is 'Shove'.

Key Points 

• Jostle is a verb which means to push, elbow, or bump against (someone) roughly, typically in a crowd.
• The meaning of the given options are as follows - 
• Shove - push (someone or something) roughly.
• Control - the power to influence or direct people's behaviour or the course of events.
• Hinder - make it difficult for (someone) to do something or for (something) to happen.
• Swallow - cause or allow (something, especially food or drink) to pass down the throat.
• From the above meanings it is evident that shove is the correct synonym for the word jostle.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is "Delicacy".

Key Points 

• Fragility means ​'the quality of being easily broken or damaged (आसानी से टूटने या क्षतिग्रस्त होने का गुण)'.
• ​Example: The inherent fragility of the financial market is caused differently from that of the credit market.
• Marked option 'Delicacy' means ​'the quality of being easy to damage or break (क्षति या टूटना आसान होने का गुण, कोमलता)'.
• ​Example: The delicacy of health compelled his retirement in the autumn of the previous year.
• The word 'Delicacy' best expresses the same meaning as the given word 'Fragility'.

Therefore, the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information 

• Virility means a man’s power and energy (पुरुष की शक्ति और ऊर्जा; पौरुष, पुरुषत्‍व).
• Sturdiness means the quality of being physically strong and solid or thick, and therefore unlikely to break or be hurt (शारीरिक रूप से मजबूत और ठोस या मोटा होने का गुण, और इसलिए टूटने या चोट लगने की संभावना नहीं है).
• Soundness means the state of being in good condition; robustness (अच्छी स्थिति में होने की स्थिति; मजबूती).

The correct answer is Option 2.

Key Points

• The definite article "the" is used for specific, known entities, or things previously mentioned.
• In the context of the given sentence, "the cold day today" implies a specific cold day that has already been mentioned, which is not the case.
• The indefinite article "a" is used for non-specific, singular countable nouns, indicating any instance of the thing being referred to.
• Therefore, the correct phrase should be "a cold day today."
• Thus, the grammatical error is in part 2 of the sentence.

Therefore, the correct answer is Option 2.

Correct Sentence: "Can you please pass me a sweater? It's going to be a cold day today."

Additional Information

• 1: "Can you please" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• 3: "It's going to be" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• 4: "pass me a sweater?" – This part of the sentence is grammatically correct and does not require any changes.
• No error – This would be the correct option if there were no mistakes in the sentence, but there is an error in part 2.

The correct answer is 'a, the'.

Key Points

• We use the indefinite article 'a' before a singular noun beginning with a consonant sound.
• Ex: This is a car.
• ​When we use an adjective(disabled) to represent a group of people, we need an article 'the' before it.
• Ex: The rich exploit the poor.
• Here in the sentence, Here 'Group' is a consonant sounded singular noun while 'Disabled' is an adjective that represents a group of people with a physical or mental disability, so the article 'A' and 'The' is used before them respectively.
• Hence, Option 3 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence is: She works for a group to help the disabled.

Additional Information

Article Before an Adjective

• Sometimes an article modifies a noun that is also modified by an adjective. The usual word order is article + adjective + noun. If the article is indefinite, choose 'a' or 'an' based on the word that immediately follows it. Consider the following examples for reference:
• Eliza will bring a small gift to Sophie’s party.
• I heard an interesting story yesterday.

The correct answer is 'a, the'.

Key Points

• In some special phrases or idioms, we used fixed articles a, an.
• For Example - In a fix, in a hurry, in a nutshell, make a noise, make a foot, keep a secret, as a rule, at a stone’s throw, a short while ago.
• Ex:  Never tell a lie. Do not make a noise.
• The definite article 'the' limits the meaning of a noun to one particular thing, also 'the' can come before a singular or plural noun.
• Ex: This is the car that I want to buy.
• Here in the sentence, In a nutshell, is an idiom and the noun (problem) is a particular noun, so the article 'A' and 'The' is used before them respectively.
• Hence, Option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct sentence is: In a nutshell, the problem is that we had to move out of that office.

Additional Information

• In some phrases or idioms, we do not use any article.
• For Example - to lose heart, to set foot, to give ear, at home, last but not least, to catch fire, in hand, set on fire, by car/bus etc, at last, by mistake, in danger, to take heart.
• Ex: I am at home.

      The house was set on fire.

The correct answer is "Careless".

Key Points

• The word 'reckless' means not worrying about the consequences of one's action.(किसी कार्य के परिणामों की चिंता न करना) 
• Ex- I advised my brother to avoid reckless driving on the heavily-jammed roads of Delhi.
• 'Careless' means not showing care and attention to something.(देखभाल और ध्यान नहीँ दिखाना)
• Ex- One should not be careless in his professional work.
• By referencing the above points, we can conclude that 'careless' is the synonym of 'reckless'.
• Hence, the correct answer is 'option 1'.

​

Additional Information 

• Let's have a look at the meaning of the remaining options:
• Cautious- careful about your actions and their consequences.(अपने कार्यों के परिणामों के प्रति सावधान)
• Thoughtful- thinking about every minute detail while doing something.(कुछ करते समय हर छोटी से छोटी बात के बारे में सोचना)
• Wise- showing experience, knowledge & good judgment of a particular subject.(किसी विशेष विषय का अनुभव, ज्ञान और अच्छा निर्णय दिखाना)

The correct answer is 'Relaxed.'

Key Points

• The given word 'Calm' means not excited, worried, or angry; quiet. (शांत, चुपचाप)
• Example: Try to keep calm, and tell me exactly what happened.
• ​Let's see the meaning of the given options:-
• 'Cranky' means bad-tempered. (चिड़चिड़ा; सनकी)
• Example: No one likes to talk with a cranky person since they are usually irritable and unfriendly.
• 'Relaxed' means not worried or tense. (तनावमुक्त, निश्चिंत,बेफ़िक्र)
• Example: He appeared relaxed, despite the danger.
• 'Clean' means having no record of offences or crimes. (नियमभंग या अपराध के दोष से मुक्त)
• Example: We manage to get a clean chit by the courts, and Tarak is released from jail.
• 'Joyful' means very happy. (बहुत प्रसन्‍न, ख़ुश या आनंदित)
• Example: My friend is very joyful about the future of the business.

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'Calm' are "relaxed, composed, carefree".
• The antonyms of the word 'Calm' are "worried, disturbed, tense".

The correct answer is 'to'.

Key Points

• The given sentence is a question where the speaker is soliciting donations for a campaign fund.
• 'to' is the most common preposition we use with the verb 'contribute.' It means that someone has dedicated their time or money 'to' a specific service or target.
• For example, 'I would like to contribute to your campaign if you’re happy to take my donation.'
• N.B. Generally, 'contribute' does not need a preposition, and in several instances it works well without one.
• For example, 'I appreciate all who contributed their money to my cause.'
• However, in the current context the verb 'contribute' needs the preposition 'to'.
• So, the preposition 'by' has to be replaced with 'to' in the given sentence.

The correct sentence is 'Will you like to contribute to our campaign fund?

Additional Information Let's take a look at the use of the other given prepositions:

• 'by' acts as a preposition that identifies the agent/ means for performing an action.
• For example, 'The tree was uprooted by the storm last night.'
• 'in' is used to express the meaning of being surrounded by something.
• For example, 'I've been living in Kolkata for 5 years.'
• 'out'  used to show movement away from the inside of a place or container.
• For example, 'Upon my shouting, my wife opened the window and stuck her head **out.'
• 'under' expresses at a lower level than or below.
• For example, 'The cow was resting under the tree.'

The correct answer is Option 2 i.e. 'An'

Key Points 

According to the rule, use the definite article with geographical features, such as mountain ranges, groups of islands, rivers, seas, oceans, and canals. 

But, in the given question we are not talking about the Atlantic Ocean we are explaining Jane's profession. Hence use the indefinite article(A/An) In this case we use 'An' because The Atlantic Ocean has a sound of Vowel.

• Let's see an example:
• An Amazon River cruise would be a fantastic experience. (we are not talking about the amazon river we are talking about the cruise.)

So the correct sentence:

Jane’s mother is an Atlantic Ocean researcher.

The correct answer is '(B)'.

Key Points

• The error lies in Part B of the sentence.
• 'One of them' noun phrase is singular here so relative pronoun should also be in singular form.
• Although "their" is often used in everyday English to refer to one person when the person's gender is not given, strictly speaking, "they" and "their" are plural pronouns. When referring to "one of them," one should use "his or her" instead of "their" to remain grammatically correct. The correct sentence would be "One of them forgot to take his or her bag from the school."
• So, the correct answer is- 'Option 2'.

Therefore, the correct sentence is- One of them forgot to take his/her bag from the school.

The correct answer is 'brave enough'.

Key Points

• 'Enough' can be used both as an adjective and an adverb.
• If used as an adverb, it is placed after the adjective it modifies and if used as an adjective, it is used before the noun it modifies.
• Example,
• She is intelligent enough to clear this exam in her first attempt.
• I have enough time to study.
• According to the rule and examples that are given above, 'brave enough' will be used in the underlined part of the sentence.

Correct Sentence: Sachin is brave enough to be selected for the armed forces.

• 'Enough' का प्रयोग adjective और adverb दोनों के रूप में किया जा सकता है।
• यदि एक adverb के रूप में इसका उपयोग किया जाता है, तो इसे adjective के बाद रखा जाता है और यदि इसे adjective के रूप में उपयोग किया जाता है तो इसे noun के पहले उपयोग किया जाता है।
• Example,
• She is intelligent enough to clear this exam in her first attempt.
• I have enough time to study.
• ऊपर दिए गए नियम और उदाहरणों के अनुसार, वाक्य के underlined भाग में 'brave enough' का उपयोग किया जाएगा।

The correct answer is "Old-fashioned."

Key Points

• The word 'Passé' means 'No longer fashionable' (फ़ैशन से बाहर; पुराना; पुरानी चाल का)
• Example:
• Don't think that sewing at home is passe.
• Nokia phones have now become passe.
• The synonyms of the word 'passé' are 'antiquated, old, archaic, obsolete, unfashionable, old-fashioned'
• The antonyms of the word 'passé' are 'current, modern, fashionable, accustomed'
• From the synonym of the given word, we can say that the word 'old-fashioned' is similar in meaning.

​Hence we can say that 'Old-fashioned​' is similar in meaning to the given word.

Option A is the incorrect part

Key Points

• Error Type: Preposition
• Discuss means to talk about something. That means the sense of 'about' is already in the verb {discuss} itself.
• Hence there is no need to put preposition 'about' after the verb 'discuss' otherwise the sentence will become 'superfluous'.
• Correct Sentences:
• They discussed the subject very thoroughly on the eve of the training. OR
• They talked about the subject very thoroughly on the eve of the training.

Additional Information

 More such verbs that do no follow preposition-

1. Sign = to put signature on
2. Accompany = to go with
3. Comprise = consist of
4. Resemble = look like/ match with
5. Investigate = look into
6. Enter = go/come into
7. Discuss = talk about
8. Request/Advise/Tell = say to
9. Describe = say about
10. Reach = arrive at/in
11. Flee = run away
12. Approach = access to
13. Resign = give up/ part with
14. Affect = bear on/upon
15. Despite = in spite of
16. Befall = become of/ happen to
17. Invaded = encroach upon (Forcefully enter)
18. Pervade = spread through
19. Demand/ Order = ask for
20. Eschew/ Avoid = stay away from/ clear of
21. Join = be part of/ take part in
22. Consider = think about/ focus on
23. Attack = launch assault on/ lash out
24. Answer = reply to

The correct answer is 'the, the'

Key Points

• The definite article 'the' limits the meaning of a noun to one particular thing, also 'the' can come before a singular or plural noun.
• For example - Your friend might ask, “Are you going to the party this weekend?”
• Also, we always used the article 'the' with the name of some countries. i.e. the United States of America (the USA), the UK, the UAE, the Philippines, etc.
• Ex: the USA president, the Philippines people. etc.
• ​Here in the sentence, 'prime minister' is a specific noun and 'United Kingdom' is the name of a country. So, article 'the' is used in both the blank.

The correct sentence is: The prime minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the government.

Additional Information

‘The’ must precede:

• Names of oceans, gulfs, seas, and rivers: the Pacific, the Atlantic, the Coral Sea, the Timor Sea, the Persian Gulf, the Nile, the Murray River, the Darling River, etc.
• Names of great lakes: the Great Lakes, the African Great Lakes
• Names of mountain ranges: the Himalayas, the Alps, the Andes, etc.
• Names of a group of Islands: the West Indies, the Andamans, etc.

The correct answer is- 'C.'

Key Points

• The error lies in Part (C) of the sentence.
• The meaning of the phrasal verb 'opt in' is to choose to be part of an activity, arrangement, etc.
• Example: Company policy is to leave new workers out of the pension scheme unless they choose to opt-in.
• Therefore, the use of 'opt-off' should be replaced by 'opt-in' to make it grammatically correct.
• Hence, the correct answer is '(C).'
• Correct sentence: Instead of opting out of overdraft protection, you will actually have to opt-in.

Additional Information   

• Phrasal verb 'opt for'  का अर्थ संभावनाओं की एक श्रृंखला से चुनाव करना है।
• Example: The kids opted for a trip to Disneyland instead of New York City.
• ​Phrasal verb 'opt out'  का अर्थ सुरक्षित दूरी बनाए रखना है।
• Example: The UK opted out of a lot of EU legislation on working hours and conditions.

Hinglish   

• त्रुटि वाक्य के Part (C) में है।
• Phrasal verb 'opt in' का अर्थ किसी गतिविधि, व्यवस्था आदि का हिस्सा बनना है।
• ​Example: Company policy is to leave new workers out of the pension scheme unless they choose to opt-in.
• इसलिए वाक्य में  'opt-off' के प्रयोग को 'opt-in' से बदल देना चाहिए ताकि वह व्याकरण की दृष्टि से सही हो।​

The correct answer is Option 3 i.e. 'The'

Key Points

According to the rule, use the definite article with the geographical features, such as mountain ranges, groups of islands, rivers, seas, oceans and canals. The Himalayas, The Atlantic Ocean, etc.

• Let's see some examples:
• The Nile River is the birthplace of Egyptian civilization.

So the correct sentence is:

The waters of the Nile slipped beneath the hull and the boat hauled for the western shore.

The correct answer is 'Each of the boys has'.

Key Points

• A pronoun is a word that replaces a noun to avoid its repetition.
• When a sentence begins with pronouns like each of, either of, neither of, etc., we use the article 'the' before the plural noun and singular verb and singular pronoun in the latter part of the sentence. 
• Example: None of the girls has completed her homework. 

                 Neither of the tasks is tedious.

• In the given sentence, the subject and the verb are not in agreement as 'each' is a singular subject, and it takes a singular verb.
• Also, 'this' should be replaced with 'the'.
• So, 'each of the boys has' is the correct replacement of the highlighted phrase.

Correct sentence: Each of the boys has participated in the debate.  

Hinglish

• एक pronoun एक ऐसा शब्द है जो noun की पुनरावृत्ति से बचने के लिए एक noun की जगह लेता है।
• जब किसी वाक्य का उच्चारण वाक्य के साथ शुरू होता है, each of, either of, neither of, आदि तो हम 'the' से पहले plural noun और वाक्य के उत्तरार्ध में singular verb और singular pronoun का प्रयोग करते हैं।
• उदाहरण: None of the girls has completed her homework. 

              Neither of the tasks is tedious.

• दिए गए वाक्य में, subject और verb समझौते में नहीं हैं क्योंकि 'each' एक singular subject है, और यह एक singular verb लेता है।
• इसके अलावा, 'this' को 'the' से बदला जाना चाहिए।

The correct answer is 'Underpined'.

Key Points 

• Let's explore the options: 
• 'Incarceration' means the state of being confined in prison; imprisonment.
• ​Example: The prisoner was sentenced to two years of incarceration.
• 'Dubious' means hesitating or doubting; giving rise to uncertainty.
• ​Example: Even after hearing her husband's story, Sheena was still dubious about his whereabouts.
• 'Repression' means the action of subduing someone or something by force.
• ​Example: The trade unions suffered brutal repression after the coup.
• 'Underpined': There is no such word in English or we can say that there is some spelling mistake in this word.
• ​The correct spelling is 'Underpinned' which refers to giving support, strength, or a basic structure to something.

​Hence, the correct answer is option 1. 

Additional Information 

• The synonyms of the word 'Underpinned' are buttress, reinforce, and fortify.
• Example of 'Underpinned' in a sentence.
• ​Example: Shaun presented the figures to underpin his arguments.

The correct answer is- A question that may have more than one answer.

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the given idiom:
• Open question​: A question that has a variety of different answers or perspectives. (एक प्रश्न जिसमें विभिन्न उत्तर या दृष्टिकोण हैं।)
• Example: How the government should go about dismantling the organization is still something of an open question.

​

Hence, the correct meaning of a given idiom is- A question that may have more than one answer.

Additional Information

• Let's find out some synonym of Answer:
• Response: An answer or reaction. (एक उत्तर या प्रतिक्रिया।)
• Solution:  The answer to a problem. (एक समस्या का उत्तर।)

The correct answer is- Something that is interesting or successful for only a very short time. 

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the given idiom:
• Nine day's wonder: To be a cause of great excitement or interest for a short time but then quickly forgotten.(थोड़े समय के लिए बहुत उत्साह या रुचि का कारण बनना लेकिन फिर जल्दी से भूल जाना।)
• Example: Happiness seems to be a nine-day's wonder.

Hence, the correct meaning of the given idiom is- Something that is interesting or successful for only a very short time. 

Additional Information

• Let's find out some synonym of Intresting:
• Fascinating: Extremely interesting. (बेहद दिलचस्प।)
• Engrossing:  Very interesting and needs all your attention. (बहुत ही रोचक औ��� आप सभी का ध्यान चाहिए।)

The correct answer is "Very attentive".

Key Points

• The phrase 'all ears' is an idiomatic expression.
• It means to be eagerly and completely paying attention to what someone else is saying. 
• For example - When the teacher started telling the ancient stories, the children were all ears.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 1".

The correct answer is 'Experienced'.

Key Points

• The most appropriate antonym of the given word 'Naive' is 'Experienced'.
• Naive: without enough experience of life and too ready to believe or trust other people. (जिसे जीवन का पर्याप्त अनुभव नहीं और जो दूसरों पर तुरंत विश्‍वास या भरोसा कर लेता है; भोला-भाला)
• Example: I was too naive to realize what was happening.
• Experienced: having the knowledge or skill that is necessary for something. (कुछ करने के लिए पर्याप्त ज्ञान अथवा कौशल प्राप्त व्यक्ति, अनुभवी, तजुरबेकार)
• Example: He’s an experienced diver.

Correct Answer: Experienced.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of other words:
• Simple: easy to understand, do or use; not difficult or complicated. (समझने, करने या प्रयोग करने में आसान, सुबोध, सुकर; कठिन या जटिल नहीं, सरल)
• Impulsive: likely to act suddenly and without thinking; done without careful thought. (बिना विचार के सहसा काम करने वाला, आवेगशील; बिना सोच-विचार के किया हुआ, आवेगपूर्ण)
• Sincere: (used about a person) really meaning or believing what you say; not pretending. [(व्‍यक्ति) अपने मन की बात करने वाला, सच्‍चा; दिखावटी नहीं, निश्‍छल]

The correct answer is 'Lamb'.

Key Points 

• Let us look into the meaning of the words in the options - 
• Lamb - a young sheep.
• Kid - a young goat.
• Kitten - a young cat.
• Cub - the young of a fox, bear, lion, or other carnivorous mammal.
• From the above meanings it is clear that lambis the best word to substitute the given group of words.
• Hence, option 1 is the correct answer.

The correct answer is Clamour.

Key Points 

• The correctly spelled word is Clamour.
• It means to demand something in a loud or angry way (चिल्‍लाकर या क्रोध में कोई माँग करना).
• Example: The public is clamouring for an answer to all these questions.

Hence, the correct choice is option 4.

The correct answer is 'Lalomania'. 

Key Points

• Let us look at the meanings of the words given in the options.

• ​The meaning of the word 'lalomania' agrees with the meaning conveyed by the given words.
• So, 'lalomania' is the correct substitute for the given words.

Correct Word: Lalomania

Additional Information

• Let's look at some root words and their meanings: 
• dipsa - thirst
• gamos - marriage
• klepto - to steal

The correct answer is 'Individual'.

Key Points

• ​The word Group (noun) means- "a number of people or things that are put together or considered as a unit". (कई लोगों या चीजों को एक साथ रखा जाता है या एक इकाई के रूप में माना जाता है) 
• E.g: I'm meeting a group of friends for dinner tonight.
• The antonyms of the given word Group are-  'Individual', 'one', 'separate', 'single', 'seclusion, etc.
• From the antonyms of the given word, we can say that the word 'Individual' is the opposite in meaning.
• The word Individual (noun) means- "a single human being as distinct from a group". (एक अकेला इंसान एक समूह से अलग।)
• E.g: We try to treat our students as individuals.
• ​Hence, the correct option is Option 4).
• Let's have a look at the meaning of other given options:
• Singular (adjective)- "of or relating to the form of a word used when talking or writing about one thing". (या किसी एक चीज़ के बारे में बात करते या लिखते समय प्रयुक्त शब्द के रूप से संबंधित)
• Smart (adjective)- "having a clean, tidy, and stylish appearance". (एक साफ सुथरा और स्टाइलिश दिखने वाला होना)
• Solitary (adjective)- "A solitary person or thing is the only person or thing in a place". (एक अकेला व्यक्ति या वस्तु किसी स्थान पर एकमात्र व्यक्ति या वस्तु होती है)

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the given word Group are- 'Association', 'troop', 'set', 'batch, etc.
• Example of 'Group' in a sentence: 
• The car was parked near a small group of trees.

The correct answer is 'Harmonious'.

Key Points

• The correct spelling is 'Harmonious' which means forming a pleasing or consistent sound (एक मनभावन या सुसंगत ध्वनि बनाना)
• Example - I dream of a new harmonious relationship between people and animals.
• Thus, it can be concluded that 'Harmonious' is the correct spelling.

Hence, the correct answer is option (2).

The correct answer is 'Omnivorous'

Key Points

• From the given option the correct answer is 'Omnivorous'
• The word is Omnivorous is a noun and its meaning is naturally able to eat both plants and meat.
• ​Example: Pigs are omnivorous animals.
• So this will be the most appropriate answer to substitute the given sentence is Omnivorous.

Thus the correct answer is option 3.

Additional Information

Let's understand the meaning of the other given words:

• दिए गए विकल्प से सही उत्तर 'Omnivorous' है
• यह शब्द Omnivorous एक संज्ञा है और यह स्वाभाविक रूप से पौधों और मांस दोनों को खाने में सक्षम है।
• Example: Pigs are omnivorous animals.
• तो यह दिए गए वाक्य के लिए सबसे उपयुक्त उत्तर Omnivorous होगा।

इस प्रकार सही उत्तर option 3 है।

The correct answer is option 4) i.e. Epitaph.

Key Points

• Let us explore the given options:
• Epitome means a brief presentation or statement of something.
• Epistle means a composition in the form of a letter.
• Epilogue means a concluding section that rounds out the design of a literary work.
• Epitaph means an inscription on or at a tomb or a grave in memory of the one buried there.
• Hence, the words inscribed on a tomb is Epitaph.

Additional Information

• The synonyms of the word 'Epitaph' are "inscription, elegy, eulogy, commemoration, epigraph, legend, memorial, remembrance, sentiment".
• Examples of 'Epitaph' in a sentence:
• On his tombstone was the epitaph he had already instructed his wife to write.
• There's only one epitaph per stone, even though more than one person may be buried in the plot.
• The first known use of the word 'Epitaph' was in the 14^th century.
• It is derived from the Middle English 'epitaphe'.

Here the correct answer is Careless.

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the given word:-
• Fastidious*(adjective)* - very attentive to and concerned about accuracy and detail. (सटीकता और विस्तार के बारे में बहुत चौकस और चिंतित)
• For Example - She dressed with fastidious care.
• Let's look at the meaning of the correct answer:-
• Careless*(adjective)* - not giving sufficient attention or thought to avoid harm or errors. (नुकसान या त्रुटियों से बचने के लिए पर्याप्त ध्यान या विचार न देना)
• For Example - She had been careless and had left the window unlocked.
• Thus, after looking at the meaning of both the words, we find that both the words are opposite in meaning.
• Options 2 and 4 are synonyms of Fastidious.
• Thus, the correct answer is Option 3.

Therefore, the correct antonym of the given word is Careless.

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other options:-

The correct answer is- A memorably important or happy occasion.

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the given idiom:
• Red-letter day​: A special, happy, and important day that you will always remember.(एक विशेष, खुश और महत्वपूर्ण दिन जिसे आप हमेशा याद रखेंगे।)
• Example: The day I first set foot in America was a red-letter day for me.

​

Hence, the correct meaning of the given idiom is- A memorably important or happy occasion.

Additional Information

• Let's find out some synonym of Memorable:
• Unforgettable: An unforgettable experience has such a strong effect or influence on you that you cannot forget it. (एक अविस्मरणीय अनुभव का आप पर इतना गहरा प्रभाव या प्रभाव पड़ता है कि आप इसे भूल नहीं सकते।)
• Special:  unusually great or important. (असामान्य रूप से महान या महत्वपूर्ण।)

The correct answer is 'Obituary'. 

Key Points

• Let us look at the meanings of the words given in the options.

• The meaning of the word 'obituary' agrees with the meaning conveyed by the given words.
• So, 'obituary' is the correct substitute for the given words.

Correct Word: O**bituary

The correct answer is 'conceal'.

Key Points

• The word 'Confess' means to admit that you have done something bad or wrong. (अपराध या दोष स्‍वीकार करना)
• ​Let's see the meaning of other given options:-
• 'Grant' means to officially give somebody what he or she has asked for. (आधिकारिक तौर पर किसी को कुछ प्रदान करना)
• 'Conceal' means to prevent or hide something or somebody from being seen or discovered. (किसी से कुछ छिपाना; गुप्‍त रखना)
• 'Concede' means to allow somebody to take something although you do not want to give. (दूसरे को अनिच्‍छा से कुछ ले जाने का अधिकार प्रदान करना)
• 'Acknowledge' means to accept or admit that something is true or exists. (किसी बात की सचाई को स्‍वीकार करना; मान लेना)

Hence, the correct answer is option 2.

Additional Information

• The antonyms of the word 'Confess' are "conceal, hide, deny".
• The synonyms of the word 'Confess' are "concede, allow, grant".
• Example of 'Confess' in a sentence:
• Confess your sins to God and he will forgive you.

The correct answer is '​Deep'.

Key Points

• ​The word ‘Shallow’(adjective) means- "having only a short distance from the top to the bottom". (ऊपर से नीचे तक थोड़ी ही दूरी पर होना)
• E.g. The stream was fairly shallow so we were able to walk across it.**​​**
• Let’s have a look at the meaning of the words that are given in the options:
• Rude(adjective)- “not polite; offensive or embarrassing”. (विनम्र नहीं; आपत्तिजनक या शर्मनाक)
• Obstinate(adjective)- “unreasonably determined, especially to act in a particular way and not to change at all, despite what anyone else says”. (अनुचित रूप से निर्धारित, विशेष रूप से एक विशेष तरीके से कार्य करने के लिए और किसी और के कहने के बावजूद बिल्कुल भी नहीं बदलने के लिए)
• High(adjective)- “having a large distance between the bottom and the top”. (नीचे और ऊपर के बीच बड़ी दूरी होना)
• Deep(adjective)- “going a long way down from the surface”. (सतह से बहुत नीचे जा रहा है)
• Therefore, as per the points mentioned above, we find that ‘Deep’ is the correct antonym of the given word.

Additional Information

• The antonyms of the given word 'Shallow' are-  'Deep', 'full', 'thoughtful', 'boundless', 'vast', etc.
• The synonyms of the given word 'Shallow' are- 'Surface', 'hollow', 'flat', 'empty', etc.
• Example of 'Shallow' in a sentence: 
• She told her children to stay in the shallow end of the swimming pool.

The correct answer is "Geologist"

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the given words.
• Anthropologist: The study of human beings and their ancestors through time and space and in relation to physical character, environmental and social relations, and culture
• Biologist: 

an expert in or student of the branch of science concerning living organisms.

• Geologist: a scientist who studies the solid, liquid, and gaseous matter that constitutes Earth and other terrestrial planets, as well as the processes that shape them

.

• Zoologist: 

an expert in or student of the behavior, physiology, classification, and distribution of animals.

• As per the meaning of the given words, "geologist" is the one-word substitute for the given group of words.​
• Example: The report on volcanic activity by the team of geologists turned out to be vital.

Hence, the correct answer is option 3.

Hinglish

• Let's look at the meaning of the given words.
• Anthropologist: समय और स्थान के माध्यम से और भौतिक चरित्र, पर्यावरण और सामाजिक संबंधों और संस्कृति के संबंध में मनुष्य और उनके पूर्वजों का अध्ययन।
• Biologist: जीवों से संबंधित विज्ञान की शाखा का विशेषज्ञ या छात्र।
• Geologist: एक वैज्ञानिक जो ठोस, तरल और गैसीय पदार्थों का अध्ययन करता है जो पृथ्वी और अन्य स्थलीय ग्रहों का निर्माण करते हैं, साथ ही उन्हें आकार देने वाली प्रक्रियाओं का भी अध्ययन करते हैं।
• Zoologist: जानवरों के व्यवहार, शरीर विज्ञान, वर्गीकरण और वितरण का एक विशेषज्ञ या छात्र।​
• As per the meaning of the given words, "geologist" is the one=word substitute for the given group of words.​

The correct answer is "a slightly similar appearance."

Key Points

• The phrase "a passing resemblance" is used to denote a slight similarity in appearance between two people or things.
• It suggests that there are some shared characteristics, but they are not identical or extremely similar.
• Hence, the correct answer will be Option 4.

The correct alternative that best expresses the meaning of the idiom/phrase "pay through his nose" in the given sentence is: Pay an extremely high price.

Key Points

• The phrase "pay through his nose" is an idiom that means paying a significantly high or excessive price for something.
• It implies that the person had to pay an exorbitant amount, often more than what is considered fair or reasonable.
• In the context of the sentence, it suggests that the neighbor had to pay a substantial amount of money for the brand new car.
• Option 2, "Pay an extremely high price," accurately captures the meaning of "pay through his nose" by emphasizing the concept of paying an excessive or inflated price.
• Therefore, it is the most suitable alternative among the given options.

The correct answer is "RPQS"

Key Points

• The noun 'tablets' is the subject of the given sentence. Part R starts by mentioning what tablets contain.
• Part P follows telling us that tablets contain technological features.
• Next comes part Q which tells us these features cannot be found (somewhere)
• The final part S reveals that these features cannot be found in print textbooks.

The correct sentence is: R tablets contain many P technological features that Q cannot be found S in print textbooks.

The correct answer is 'coarsest'.

Key Points

• A superlative adjective expresses the extreme or highest degree of quality.
• We can use superlative adjectives when talking about three or more things (not two things) and a superlative degree is formed by putting ‘est’ to the adjective word
• So the superlative degree of the word 'coarse' is 'coarsest'.
• Therefore, 'coarsest' is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Let us discuss the degree of adjectives, positive, comparative, and superlative:

The correct answer is 'address'.

Key Points

• ​Address means a place in which someone lives. Example- I am living at the same address for a long period.
• It also means to officially complain or comment about some issue to the organization.
• To speak to a group of people in meetings, conferences, etc., for Example- Mr. Dany was asked to address this meeting.
• To address someone or to call someone by their title such as Mr., Mrs., Miss, etc.,
• Thus the correct answer is option 1) address.

The correct answer is Travesty.

Key Points 

• The correctly spelled word is Travesty.
• It means something that does not have the qualities or values that it should have, in a way that is often shocking or offensive (विडंबना; अपेक्षित गुणवत्ता या महत्व का अभाव के कारण घटिया और अपमानजनक होना).
• Example: This trial has proved to be a travesty of justice. 

Hence, the correct choice is option 3.

The correct answer is "PQRS"

Key Points

• Part P starts the sentence with the subject 'Padma Bhushan' which is an award that was instituted on 2 January, 1954.
• Part Q continues by telling us that the award is given for "distinguished service of a high order".
• Next will be R specifying that these awards are given without distinction of race and occupation.
• Part S will come next adding position and sex as the non-distinguishable factors in giving the award.

The correct sentence is :  P instituted on 2 January 1954, the Padma Bhushan Q is given for "distinguished service of a high order", R without distinction of race, occupation, S position, or sex.

The correct answer is "SQRP"

Key Points

• 'Squatters' is the subject of the sentence. The sentence is started with part S.
• Part Q follows describing them as one of the groups that (did something)
• This something is revealed in part R joined with P to be 'starting the Mau Mau rebellion'

The correct sentence is: S squatters were Q one of the groups R that started P the Mau Mau rebellion.

The correct answer is "PQSR"

Key Points

• Part P starts the sentence by mentioning the name 'Rosalind Creasy' which is the subject of the sentence.
• Q continues the sentence by telling us that she wrote a landmark (something)
• This something is later revealed to be a book in part S.
• Part R specifies that book as being one of edible landscaping.

The correct sentence is : P Rosalind Creasy Q wrote a landmark S book on R edible landscaping

The correct answer is Perennial

Key Points

• Perennial: lasting a very long time, or happening repeatedly or all the time. (बहुत लंबे समय तक चलने वाला, या बार-बार या हर समय होने वाला)
• Example: 
• ​​​The film "White Christmas" is a perennial favourite.
• We face the perennial problem of not having enough money.
• Perennial refers to something that is enduring, constant, or continually recurring. It can relate to plants that last for several seasons or aspects of life that seem constant or recurring.
• The concept of recurrence aligns with the given statement, as it reflects something that happens again and again.
• ​The term can be applied in various contexts, such as a perennial plant, a perennial problem, or a perennial philosophy, and it generally emphasizes the ongoing or persistent nature of the subject.
• Thus, option 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• Meaning of other words in the options:
• Synchronize: to (cause to) happen at the same time. ( एक ही समय में होने के लिए) 
• Example:
• ​The show was designed so that the lights synchronized with the music.
• The traffic lights were synchronized to allow cars to go at 30 mph and not have to stop for a red light.
• Chronology: the order in which a series of events happened, or a list or explanation of these events in the order in which they happened. (वह क्रम जिसमें घटनाओं की एक श्रृंखला हुई, या इन घटनाओं की एक सूची या स्पष्टीकरण जिस क्रम में वे घटित हुए)
• ​Example:  ​ 
• ​I'm not sure of the chronology of events.
• Chronological: following the order in which a series of events happened. (उस क्रम का अनुसरण करना जिसमें घटनाओं की एक श्रृंखला हुई)
• ​Example: 
• ​Give me the dates in chronological order.

The correct answer is "PRQS"

Key Points

• "Precise details" acts as the subject of the passage which starts the sentence. (Part P comes first)
• These precise details are revealed to be in medieval customaries. (Part R comes next)
• Part Q informs us that the aforementioned has helped historians (to do something)
• Finally, part S ends the sentence revealing this something as 'reconstructing lost buildings'.

The correct sentence : P the precise details in R medieval customaries have Q allowed historians to S reconstruct since-lost buildings

The correct answer is Comparative

Key Points

• The sentence draws a comparison between Huma and other students of her class.
• The sentence says that Huma is more intelligent than most students; thus, implying that there are a few students as intelligent as Huma, so it is not superlative in nature.
• The sentence is comparative in nature.

Additional Information

The sentence can not be changed to superlative as Huma is not the most intelligent person in the class.

• The sentence in positive degree will be "Few students in the class are as intelligent as Huma"

The correct answer is 'Even though inflation is moderating, there's still work to be done to control it'.

Key Points

• RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das expressed optimism about the potential decrease in May's inflation compared to April. However, he also cautioned against complacency, emphasizing that the battle against inflation was not yet concluded.
• Despite the optimistic view on moderating inflation, Das highlighted the necessity to remain vigilant and proactive in managing inflation, indicating that there's still work to be done to control it.
• Therefore, option 2 aligns with the context provided in Shaktikanta Das's statement at the CII's annual session.

The correct answer is 'The Reserve Bank of India’s governor, Shaktikanta Das, believes that the May inflation will be higher than April's'.

Key Points

• The passage discusses the declining trend in inflation in India. It mentions that after being higher in January and February, retail inflation began to trend lower in subsequent months, reaching 5.66 percent in March and further declining to 4.7 percent in April.
• RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das expressed optimism that the inflation print for May could be lower than that in April, not higher.
• However, he cautioned against complacency despite this moderation in inflation.
• Therefore, option 4 contradicts the passage as Shaktikanta Das expressed optimism for May's inflation to be lower, not higher than April's, aligning with the context provided in the passage.

The correct answer is 'i, ii, iii'.

Key Points

• i. The passage mentions that the consumer price index is currently tracking at sub-4.5 percent levels, indicating that inflation is at a relatively lower rate.
• ii. It is indicated in the passage that inflation in the first quarter of the year (April-June) may end up being lower than the RBI’s forecast of 5.1 percent.
• iii. The passage mentions the central bank's forecast indicating that inflation might move upwards in both the second and third quarters of the year, projected at 5.4 percent.
• All three statements (i, ii, iii) align with the details provided in the passage regarding the current state and forecast of inflation in India.
• Therefore, the correct answer is option 1.

The correct answer is 'Cautious'.

Key Points

• The passage maintains a cautious tone regarding the inflation situation in India. While there are indications of declining inflation rates and optimistic forecasts, there's a prevailing sense of caution throughout.
• RBI Governor Shaktikanta Das expresses optimism about the decreasing trend in inflation but warns against complacency, emphasizing that the battle against inflation is not over.
• Additionally, despite positive projections for lower inflation rates in the near term, there's an underlying caution reflected in the need to remain vigilant and proactive in managing inflationary pressures.
• This cautious approach is evident in the emphasis on the need for continued efforts to control inflation despite the current moderation.
• Therefore, the overall tone of the passage is cautious, reflecting a sense of carefulness and prudence regarding the inflation scenario.

The correct answer is 'Keeping an eye out'.

Key Points

• The correct answer is, "Keeping an eye out."
• The passage emphasizes the need for continued vigilance in managing inflation despite positive indications of decreasing rates.
• The phrase "Keeping an eye out" figuratively refers to staying watchful and attentive, aligning with the context provided in the passage, which underscores the importance of remaining cautious and vigilant against inflationary pressures despite the optimistic trends.
• Options 4, 2, and 3, such as "Pulling punches," "Walking on eggshells," and "Sleeping on the job," do not capture the sense of attentiveness and vigilance needed as explicitly as the phrase "Keeping an eye out" does in the context of the passage.

The correct answer is "Sympathetic".

Key Points

• The tone of a passage refers to the emotional quality, or mood, elicited by the writing style of the author.
• In the given passage, the author uses emotive language to describe distressing events such as "brutal attack", "indiscriminate operations”, and “destructive might”.
• The author also explains the plight of innocent people affected by these actions, asserting that they are “largely as helpless as it is blameless” and have been "at the heart of decades of discrimination and suffering."
• Therefore, the tone of the passage is not neutral because it explicitly condemns the violence occurring.
• There is no sarcasm or joyful tone presented in the passage, given its somber subject matter.
• The correct answer, then, is: Sympathetic - as the author clearly shows understanding and concern for the suffering of the innocent victims trapped in the conflict.

Thus, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct answer is "Unselective".

Key Points 

• The term "indiscriminate" is used in the passage in the following context: "This tragedy is, however, being compounded by the Israeli military’s indiscriminate operations in and around Gaza that have led to thousands of deaths, including large numbers of innocent children, women, and men."
• In this context, "indiscriminate" means without carefully choosing or discriminating; it means being random or unselective.
• The operations being referred to are not selectively targeting specific groups or individuals but are affecting a broad range of people.
• Among the options provided,
• Selective - This is the antonym of indiscriminate. It means making choices judiciously.
• Discriminatory - This term refers to unjust or prejudiced treatment of different groups of people, particularly based on race, age, or sex, which the passage is not referring to.
• Unselective - This is the synonym of indiscriminate. It means not marking or showing a selection or discrimination.
• Partial - This term refers to favoring one side in a dispute over another, which is not the meaning conveyed in the passage.
• Hence, the correct choice is: Unselective

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The correct answer is "​They are causing a large number of civilian casualties."

Key Points

• The paragraph reads, "This tragedy is, however, being compounded by the Israeli military’s indiscriminate operations in and around Gaza that have led to thousands of deaths, including large numbers of innocent children, women and men."
• The term "indiscriminate operations" implies a lack of specific targeting, suggesting that these actions by the Israeli military are not just directed at Hamas militants, but are affecting a wider population.
• Further, the passage states clearly that these operations "have led to thousands of deaths, including large numbers of innocent children, women and men."
• ​This detail confirms that a considerable number of civilian casualties have resulted from these operations.
• The text does not imply that the Israeli military's operations are effectively minimizing civilian casualties, nor does it suggest that they have the approval of the Indian National Congress.
• Thus, the correct inference based on the passage would be: They are causing a large number of civilian casualties.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 2".

The correct answer is "Civilian Suffering in the Gaza Conflict: A Condemnation".

Key Points

• The passage mainly discusses the brutal attack by Hamas on Israel and the subsequent response by the Israeli military that has resulted in numerous civilian casualties.
• It focuses on the indiscriminate actions of the Israeli military and the suffering inflicted on innocent civilians in Gaza who do not have a part in the Hamas attack.
• Let's analyze the given options: 
• Option 1) "The Power of the Israeli Military Might" does not fully encapsulate this main focus, as it overlooks the suffering of civilians which is a central concern.
• Option 2) "The Indian National Congress: A Political History" is not a suitable title since the passage is primarily about Israel, Hamas, and the Gaza conflict, not about the history of the Indian National Congress.
• Option 3) "The 50^th Anniversary of the Yom Kippur War" is also not an appropriate title since the passage does reference this event, but it is not the primary focus of the text.
• Option 4) "Civilian Suffering in the Gaza Conflict: A Condemnation" accurately captures the key elements of the passage - the civilian suffering caused by the violence in Gaza, and the condemnation of indiscriminate military action, making it the most suitable title.
• Therefore, the most appropriate title for the passage is: Civilian Suffering in the Gaza Conflict: A Condemnation

Hence, the correct answer is "Option 4".

The correct answer is "​Increased".

Key Points

• The term "compounded" is employed in the passage in the context of the tragedy following Hamas's brutal attack on Israel.
• The passage says: "This tragedy is, however, being compounded by the Israeli military’s indiscriminate operations in and around Gaza that have led to thousands of deaths, including large numbers of innocent children, women, and men."
• In this context, "compounded" means the initial tragedy (Hamas's attack) is being made worse or more intense by the Israeli military's operations, which have resulted in thousands of more deaths.
• Therefore, the tragedy has become more complicated or severe due to these operations.
• Given this understanding, the connotation of "compounded" as used in the passage could be defined as: Increased - which aligns best with the implications of "compounded" in this context—the amplification of an already grievous situation.

Therefore, the correct answer is "Option 3".

The correct answer is Horse

GAUTAMA BUDDHA (563 BC-483 BC)

• He is also known as Siddharta, Sakyamuni & Tathagata
• Clan- Sakya Clan
• Father: Siddhodana
• Mother: Mayadevi
• Birth Place: Lumbini, capital of Sakya republic.
• Teachers: Alarakama and UdrakaRamputra
• Enlightenment: At age of 35 under the Pipal tree at Uruvella (Bodhgaya) on the banks of river Niranjana (Falgu).
• First Sermon: Sarnath (Deer Park) on Dharma Chakra Parivarthana to 5 disciples including Mahakasyapa (first disciple).
• Mahaparinirvana: At Kushinagar at age of 80.

The correct answer is Assam

The Tropic of Cancer does NOT pass through Assam.

Key Points

• In India, the Tropic of Cancer passes through 8 states - Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.
• The Tropic of Cancer (23.5°N) divides India into two almost equal climatic zones, namely, the Northern Zone and the Southern zone.

Additional Information

• The tropic is one of the five major latitudinal circles on the earth, the other four being the Tropic of Capricorn, the Arctic Circle, the Antarctic Circle and the Equator.
• Africa is the only continent, which is crossed by the Tropic of Cancer, Equator and Tropic of Capricorn.
• Mahi River is the only river in India that cuts the Tropic of Cancer twice first in Madhya Pradesh and second in Gujarat.

The Correct Answer is Amritsar.

In News

• Union Home Minister Amit Shah chairs 31^st meeting of Northern Zonal Council at Amritsar, Punjab.

Key Points

• Union Home Minister and Minister of Cooperation, Amit Shah, chaired the 31^st meeting of the Northern Zonal Council at Amritsar, in Punjab.
• The Northern Zonal Council in the 31^st meeting at Amritsar discussed a total of 28 issues including the sharing of inter-state river waters, Road connectivity under PMGSY, Prevention of cyber-crimes, Jal Jeevan Mission, Resumption of Flights under UDAN Scheme.
• The council also discussed issues such as malnutrition, school dropouts, and the cooperative movement in India.

The correct answer is Bheldiya.

Key Points

• Bheldiya is celebrated in the state of Assam.
• This is a festival celebrated in the month of May to worship the River Goddess by farmers, fishermen, and boatmen, whose lives and livelihoods essentially depend on the rivers.
• On this occasion, the devotees accompanied by the chanting of the names of Lord Vishnu and readings from the Bhagavata text float beautifully decorated ritual boats made out of the peels of the Banana plants and pay their obeisance to the rivers. ​

The correct answer is Mundari.

Key Points

• 8^th Schedule lists the official languages of the Republic of India. Part XVII of the Indian constitution deals with the official languages in Articles 343 to 351.
• The Eighth Schedule to the Constitution consists of the following 22 languages:-
• (1) Assamese, (2) Bengali, (3) Gujarati, (4) Hindi, (5) Kannada, (6) Kashmiri, (7) Konkani, (8) Malayalam, (9) Manipuri, (10) Marathi, (11) Nepali, (12) Oriya, (13) Punjabi, (14) Sanskrit, (15) Sindhi, (16) Tamil, (17) Telugu, (18) Urdu, (19) Bodo, (20) Santhali, (21**)** Maithili and (22) Dogri.
• Of these languages, 14 were initially included in the Constitution.
• The Sindhi language was added by the 21^st Amendment Act of 1967.
• Konkani, Manipuri, and Nepali were included by the 71^st Amendment Act of 1992.
• Bodo, Dogri, Maithili, and Santhali were added by the 92^nd Amendment Act of 2003 which came into force in 2004.

Hence, Mundari is the correct answer.

Correct Answer 82.14%

Literacy is a very important quality of a population. Low levels of literacy are a serious obstacle to economic improvement. According to the Census 2011, a person aged 7 years and above, who can read and write with understanding in any language, is treated as literate.

Literacy Characteristics of India, census 2011:

• The results of the 2011 census revealed that there has been an increase in literacy in the country.
• The literacy rate in the country is 74.04 percent
• More precisely, 82.14% for males and 65.46% for females.
• Kerala retained its position by being on top with a 93.91 percent literacy rate.
• The other two States and UTs, followed by Kerala are Lakshadweep (92.28 percent) and Mizoram (91.58 percent).
• Bihar with a literacy rate of 63.82 percent ranks last in the country preceded by Arunachal Pradesh (66.95 percent) and Rajasthan (67.06 percent).

​Hence, we conclude that the male literacy rate in India as per the 2011 Census was 82.14%.

The correct answer is Preventive detention.

 Key Points

• Article 22 of the Indian Constitution deals with the right to protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.
• It lays down the guidelines for preventive detention, which means detaining a person without trial for a certain period, in order to prevent him/her from committing a crime.
• This article also ensures that a person who is arrested has the right to be informed about the grounds of arrest, and the right to consult and be defended by a legal practitioner of his/her choice.

Additional Information

• The right to education is covered under Article 21A of the Indian Constitution.
• Protection of personal liberty is covered under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, while Article 22 deals with protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.
• Protection of life is covered under Article 21 of the Indian Constitution, while Article 22 deals with protection against arrest and detention in certain cases.

The correct answer is Verma Committee.

Key Points

• Verma Committee
• The committee was constituted in 1999.
• It recommends some of the legal provisions for enforcement of Fundamental Duties for  Prevention of insults to National Honor, laws which penalize for promoting enmity, the protection of civil rights act, and the wildlife protection act of 1972.
• Fundamental Duties
• On the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee, 11 Fundamental Duties were added to the Indian Constitution.
• Article 51A deals with the Fundamental duties in Indian Constitution.
• The Fundamental Duties in Indian Constitution were added by the 42^nd Constitutional Amendment Act 1976.
• The fundamental duties in the constitution are inspired by the constitution of the erstwhile USSR.
• Fundamental duties are confined to Indian citizens only and not justiciable in nature.

Additional Information

• The Bimal Jalan Committee was set up in November 2018 to recommend the appropriate Economic Capital Framework for the Reserve Bank of India.
• It has recommended the transfer of excess capital from the central bank to the government.
• The Uday Kotak Committee was constituted in 2017  to find ways to improve standards concerning corporate governance of listed companies in India.
• The Santhanam Committee or the Committee on Prevention of Corruption was set up in 1962 to prevent and detect misappropriation or maladministration in government departments.

The correct answer is option 2, i.e. January.

• Uttarayan festival is celebrated in the month of January.
• Uttarayan is an International Kite Festival.
• Uttarayan is celebrated mainly in Gujarat.
• The festival takes place generally on 14 January of each year during the Makar Sankranti.
• Makar Sankranti is a festival day dedicated to the deity Surya.
• The festivities associated with Makar Sankranti are known by various names in various states of India, such as Magh Bihu in Assam.

The correct answer is Ministry of Earth Sciences.

Key Points

• The "Deep Ocean Mission" is a multi-disciplinary program launched by the Ministry of Earth Sciences to explore the deep-sea environment and resources.
• The mission aims to explore the deep-sea environment up to a depth of 6000 meters and undertake studies on the biodiversity, geology, and mineral resources of the deep-sea region.
• The mission also aims to develop deep-sea technologies for sustainable use of ocean resources and enhance the country's capabilities in deep-sea research and exploration.

Additional Information

• The Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate change is responsible for the conservation and management of the environment and forests.
• The Ministry of Mines is responsible for the development and regulation of the mining sector.
• The Ministry of Defence is responsible for the defence and security of the country.

The correct answer is Arabic.

Key Points

• Monsoon:
• The word “monsoon” is from the Arabic word “mausim”, meaning “season of winds”.
• It is often applied to the seasonal reversals of the wind direction along the shores of the Indian Ocean and surrounding regions, especially in the Arabian Sea.
• Arabic:
• ​Arabic is a Semitic language that first emerged in the 1^st to 4^th centuries CE.
• It is the lingua franca of the Arab world and the liturgical language of Islam.
• It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe people living in the Arabian Peninsula.

Additional Information

• Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi, is a Western Iranian language belonging to the Iranian branch of the Indo-Iranian subdivision of the Indo-European languages.
• Indonesian is a standardized variety of Malay, an Austronesian language, that has been used as a lingua franca in the multilingual Indonesian archipelago for centuries.
• Urdu is an Indo-Aryan language spoken chiefly in South Asia.
• The national language and lingua franca of Pakistan and an Eighth Schedule language whose status and cultural heritage are recognized by the Constitution of India.

The correct answer is Ebony.

Key Points

• Tropical Evergreen Forests
• These forests are restricted to heavy rainfall areas of the Western Ghats and the island groups of Lakshadweep, Andaman, and Nicobar, upper parts of Assam, and Tamil Nadu coast.
• They are at their best in areas having more than 200 cm of rainfall with a short dry season.
• The trees reach great heights up to 60 meters or even above.
• There is no definite time for trees to shed their leaves hence, these forests appear green all year round.
• Some of the commercially important trees of this forest are ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber, and cinchona.
• The common animals found in these forests are elephants, monkeys, lemurs, and deer.
• One-horned rhinoceroses are found in the jungles of Assam and West Bengal.
• Besides these animals, plenty of birds, bats, sloths, scorpions, and snails are also found in these jungles.

The correct answer is Thang Ta.

Key Points

• Thang Ta is an exclusive martial dance from Manipur that includes the unique display of skill, creativity, and agility in which dance performers enact a mock fight sequence.
• Thang Ta is an ancient Manipuri Martial Art developed from the war environment of Manipur & created by the Meitei.
• It is also known as the art of sword and spear, this Manipuri traditional dance features a wide range of martial arts weaponry in its performance.

Additional Information

The correct option is 1 i.e. 69^th Amendment.

• The 69^th Amendment act of the Indian Constitution granted special status to Delhi.
• In 1991, the amendment was passed and it granted special state to Delhi and it was declared the National Capital Territory.
• It created a state assembly and council of ministers for the state.
• Aditya Nath Jha became the first Lieutenant Governor of Delhi under the act.
• Article 239AA of the Constitution gave the status of Union Territory to Delhi.
• The 42^nd Amendment act is also known as the Mini Constitution.
• 55^th Amendment gave the Union Territory of Arunachal Pradesh the status of a State.
• 60^th Amendment amended Article 276 of the Constitution relating to taxes on professions, trades, callings and employments.

The Correct Answer is ​Kalpakkam.

In News

• A mega national event named SHAKTI-2023 at IGCAR, Kalpakkam.

Key Points

• A mega national event named SHAKTI-2023 (Sthree in HVACR& Architecture and Key in Transforming the Industry) was organized by Indian Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air conditioning Engineers(ISHRAE), Kalpakkam Chapter and Indian Women Scientists’s Association (IWSA), Kalpakkam Branch in association with Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research(IGCAR), Kalpakkam on 26^th September 2023 at IGCAR, Kalpakkam, under the theme on “Women in Technological Advances and Social Upliftment”.
• Dr. B. Venkatraman, Distinguished Scientist and Director, IGCAR presided over the function.
• SHAKTI-2023 has been a great event with participation of 300 delegates.

The correct answer is 'Delhi'.

Key PointsLet's have a look at all options:

Thus, Delhi is the only union territory which has its own High Court. Other union territories share their high court with other states.

Hence, the correct answer is Delhi.

The correct answer is Club Throw.

In News

• Pranav Soorma bagged Gold at the Asian Para Games 2023 in club throw.

Key Points

• Pranav Soorma broke the Asian Para Games record in the Men's Club Throw-F51 Final to clinch a gold medal.
• Shailesh Kumar and Mariyappan Thangavelu clinched gold and silver medals, respectively, in the Men's High Jump-T63 event.
• Prachi Yadav clinched a silver medal in canoeing in the women's VL2 Final.
• India is hoping to surpass their best performance of 72 medals at the 2018 event.
• The historic performance by the Indian contingent at the Asian Games has fuelled the athletes, coaches and support staff with a belief that the 4^th Asian Para Games will break many records and will be the most successful one in history of Para Games in the country.

Part of XVII of India Constitution deals with an official language.

• Part XVII is a compilation of rules and regulations concerned with the constitution of India.
• It contains Articles 343 to Article 351**.**

The correct answer is Wular.

Key Points

• Wular Lake is the largest freshwater lake in India, which is situated at Bandipora District of Indian state Jammu & Kashmir.
• Wular Lake is the 2^nd largest fresh-water lake of Asia too, situated under the Haramuk Mountain range.
• Wular Lake is spread around a total area of 200 square km covering almost 24 km in length while its breadth is 10 km.
• River Jhelum is the main source of water for Wular Lake.
• ‘Zaina Lank’ name small island also situated in its centre.

Additional Information

• Bhimtal is a town and a nagar panchayat, near Nainital city in Nainital district in the state of Uttarakhand, India.
• Dal is a lake in Srinagar, the summer capital of Jammu and Kashmir.
• Loktak Lake is the largest freshwater lake in Manipur.

The Correct answer is Naujawan Bharat Sabha.

Key Points

• Bhagat Singh Founded Naujawan Bharat Sabha in March 1926.
• The objective of this organisation was to encourage revolution against British rule by rallying the peasants and workers.
• Bhagat Singh established contact with Sohan Singh Josh and through him ‘the worker and peasants party’ which brought out the monthly magazine Kirti in Punjabi.
• Bhagat Singh:
• Bhagat Singh was born on September 1907, in Lyallpur western Punjab, India ( Now in Pakistan)
• In 1923, he joined National College in Lahore founded by Lala Lajpat Rai.
• Bhagat Singh was deeply affected by the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
• In 1928, He established the Hindustan Socialist Republican Association (HSRA) along with Chandrashekhar and others.
• Bhagat Singh and Batukeshwar Dutt, on April 8^th,1929, threw a bomb in the Central Legislative Assembly.
• On 23 March 1931 Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev were Hanged by the British Government.
• At that time his age was a little more than 23 years.

The correct answer is Mucous neck cells, Peptic or Chief cells and Parietal or Oxyntic cells.

• The stomach is located in the upper left quadrant of the abdomen and receives food from the oesophagus.
• The internal most layer of the stomach is called mucosal lining and it carries the human gastric glands. It is also called gastric mucosa.
• There are a total of four types of cells that make up the gastric glands which are-
• Mucous cells
• Parietal cells
• Chief cells
• Endocrine cells
• The secretions of the exocrine gastric glands - composed of the mucous, parietal, and chief cells - make up the gastric juice.
• The endocrine cells secrete the hormone gastrin, directly into the bloodstream and are not a part of the gastric juice.

The correct answer is Testes.

Key Points

• Testosterone is the only male sex hormone present in the human body, which causes physical changes in puberty, increases bone density and muscle mass, growth of facial, pubic, and body hair, deepening of the voice, and also responsible for sexual and reproductive development.
• Testosterone is the main sex hormone in men, which is naturally produced in the testes and in small amounts by the adrenal glands.
• Testosterone belongs to a class of male hormones called androgens, which are also known as steroids.
• The production of male sex hormones is mainly controlled by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland.
• The testosterone levels gradually decrease with age, which results in impotence, shrinking of testes, low sperm count, depression, mood swings, irritability, etc.

Additional Information

• The pituitary gland is a small pea-sized gland that plays a major role in regulating vital body functions and general wellbeing.
• It is referred to as the body's 'master gland' because it controls the activity of most other hormone-secreting glands.
• The pituitary gland is a small gland that sits in the sella turcica, a bony hollow in the base of the skull, underneath the brain and behind the bridge of the nose.
• Adrenal glands, also known as suprarenal glands, are small, triangular-shaped glands located on top of both kidneys.
• Adrenal glands produce hormones that help regulate your metabolism, immune system, blood pressure, response to stress and other essential functions.
• The ovary is an organ found in the female reproductive system that produces an ovum.
• When released, this travels down the fallopian tube into the uterus, where it may become fertilized by a sperm.
• There is an ovary found on each side of the body.