Delhi Police Constable Previous Year Paper (Held on: 8 Dec 2020 Shift 2)

The correct answer is Sharda Sinha.

Key Points

• Sharda Sinha (1 October 1952) was an Indian Maithili-language folk-singer.
• She also sings in Bhojpuri and Magahi languages.
• She is known for her Maithili version of the Chhath Puja-themed song "Ho Dinanath".
• Sinha was awarded Padma Bhushan, India's third-highest civilian award, on the eve of Republic Day, 2018.
• In 2015, she received the Padma Shri award for her contribution to music.

Additional Information

• Chief Minister of Bihar - Nitish Kumar
• Governor of Bihar -  Arif Mohammed Khan
• Folk Dance of Bihar - Jat-Jatin
• State Bird of Bihar - House sparrow

The correct answer is capillaries.

Key Points

• The arteries divide into smaller vessels.
• On reaching the tissues, they divide further into extremely thin tubes called capillaries.
• The capillaries join up to form veins that empty into the heart.

Additional Information

• Veins are the vessels that carry carbon dioxide-rich blood from all parts of the body back to the heart.
• The veins have thin walls.
• There are valves present in veins that allow blood to flow only towards the heart.

The correct answer is virus.

Key Points

• Ebola virus disease (EVD; formerly known as Ebola hemorrhagic fever) is caused by infection with the Ebola virus which belongs to the family Filoviridae.
• EVD in humans has an average case fatality rate of around 50% (varied from 25% to 90% in previous outbreaks).
• EVD is a severe acute viral illness often characterized by sudden onset of fever, intense weakness, muscle pain, headache, and sore throat.
• This is followed by vomiting, diarrhoea, rash, impaired kidney and liver function, and in some cases, both internal and external bleeding.

Additional Information

• EVD first appeared in 1976 in South Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the latter in a village situated near the Ebola River, from which the disease took its name.
• The EVD outbreak which occurred in West Africa from March 2014 to January 2016 was the largest outbreak since the Ebola virus was first discovered in 1976.

The correct answer is Clare Connor.

Key Points

• Former England women's captain Clare Connor is to become the first female president of Marylebone Cricket Club in its 233-year history.
• Current incumbent Kumar Sangakkara, the first non-British MCC president, nominated Connor via video link from his native Sri Lanka during an annual general meeting.
• Connor, the England and Wales Cricket Board's (ECB) managing director of women's cricket, will take over on October 1, 2021.

Additional Information

• Marylebone Cricket Club is a cricket club founded in 1787 and based since 1814 at Lord's Cricket Ground, which it owns, in St John's Wood, London.

The correct answer is 1987.

Key Points

• IGIDR was registered as an autonomous society on November 14, 1986, and as a public trust on January 1987.
• On December 28, 1987, the campus was inaugurated by Late. Shri Rajiv Gandhi, the then Prime Minister of India.
• Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research (IGIDR) is an advanced research and educational institution in Mumbai India.
• The Institute's mission is to carry out research on developmental issues from a multi-disciplinary point of view.
• This includes economics, energy, and environmental policy.

Additional Information

• Chief Minister of Maharashtra - Eknath Shinde
• Governor of Maharashtra - Ramesh Bais
• Dances of Maharashtra - Lavani Dance, Povadas Dance, Tamasha, etc
• National Parks in Maharashtra - Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Tadoba-Andhari National Park, Chandoli National Park, etc.

The correct answer is Australian Open.

Key Points

• Of the current four Grand Slam tournaments, the Australian and US Open use hard courts.
• The French Open is played on clay, and Wimbledon, the only Grand Slam to have always been played on the same surface, is played on grass.
• The Australian Open is a tennis tournament held annually over the last fortnight of January at Melbourne Park in Melbourne, Australia.
• The tournament is the first of the four Grand Slam tennis events held each year, preceding the French Open, Wimbledon, and the US Open.

Additional Information

• Jannik Sinner won the Australian Open 2024 in Men's singles.
• Aryna Sabalenka won the Australian Open 2024 in Women's singles.
• Carlos Alcaraz won the French Open 2024 in Men's singles.
• Barbora Krejcikova won the French Open 2024 in Women's singles.

The correct answer is Muhammad Ali and Shaukat Ali.

Key Points

• A campaign in defence of the caliphate was launched, led in India by the brothers Shaukat and Muḥammad ʿAlī and by Abul Kalam Azad.
• The leaders joined forces with Mahatma Gandhi's non-cooperation movement for Indian freedom, promising nonviolence in return for his support of the Khilafat movement.
• The Khilafat movement, also known as the Indian Muslim movement (1919–24), was a pan-Islamist political protest campaign launched by Muslims of British India.
• The Khilafat Movement was started by Mahatma Gandhi along with Shaukat Ali and his brother.

Additional Information

• The Khilafat word had been derived from the Arabic word Khalifa.
• Khalifa means the Supreme leader of the Islamic world.
• Gandhi Ji gave a deadline to Britishers to take back the post of Khalifa otherwise he would start the Non-Corporation movement.

The correct answer is 2015.

Key Points

• The NITI Aayog (abbreviation for National Institution for Transforming India) is a policy think tank of the Government of India.
• It was established with the aim to achieve sustainable development goals with cooperative federalism by fostering the involvement of State Governments of India in the economic policy-making process using a bottom-up approach.
• Its initiatives include "15-year road map", "7-year vision, strategy, and action plan", AMRUT, Digital India, Atal Innovation Mission, Medical Education Reform, agriculture reforms.

Additional Information

• Chairperson of NITI Aayog - Narendra Modi
• CEO of NITI Aayog - Parameswaran Iyer
• Vice Chairperson of NITI Aayog - Shri Suman Bery
• Formed on 1 January 2015.

The correct answer is West Bengal.

Key Points

• West Bengal is the largest jute-producing state in India.
• West Bengal followed by Assam and Bihar is the major jute growing state in the country.
• These states account for about 98 per cent of the country's jute area and production (State of Indian Agriculture, 2016-2017).
• West Bengal yields 2605 kgs per Hectare.

Additional Information

• Largest Rice producing state - West Bengal.
• Largest Sugarcane producing state - Uttar Pradesh.
• Largest Wheat producing state - Uttar Pradesh.
• Largest Cotton producing state - Gujrat.

The correct answer is Akbar.

Key Points

• Fatehpur Sikri town was built by the Mughal Emperor, Akbar.
• He had planned this city as his capital but the shortage of water compelled him to abandon the city.
• After this within 20 years, the capital of Mughals was shifted to Lahore.
• Fatehpur Sikri was built between 1571 and 1585.

Additional Information

• The Mughal Dynasty was founded by Babur in 1526.
• The First Battle of Panipat was fought between Babur and Ibrahim Lodhi in 1526.
• Battle of Khanwa between Babur and Rana Sanga in 1527.
• Battle of Chanderi between Babur and Medni Rai in 1528.
• Battle of Ghaggara between Babur and Mehmood Lodhi in 1529.

The correct answer is Article 21A.

Key Points

• Article 21A provides the 'Right to Education.
• It makes free and compulsory education to each and every child of age between 6 to 14 years.
• It was added on 86^th Amendment 2002.
• The right to education become a fundamental right in April 2010.

Additional Information

• Part III of the constitution consists of the Fundamental Rights of the citizen.
• It was taken from the USA.
• Fundamental rights are described from Articles 12 to 35.

The correct answer is Lt. Gen. Baljit Singh.

Key Points

• A Tale of Two Victoria Crosses is a slim but very informative volume by Lt Gen Baljit Singh (retd), formerly of the Regiment of Artillery, primarily about a young infantry lieutenant
• He lost his place in the annals of the Indian Army despite having been decorated with the Victoria Cross (VC).
• It is a biography of Lt Gen Baljit Singh.

Additional Information

Some important books written by other authors:

The correct answer is vegetative propagation.

Key Points

• Vegetative propagation - It is a type of asexual reproduction in which new plants are produced from roots, stems, leaves, and buds.
• Since reproduction is through the vegetative parts of the plant, it is known as vegetative propagation.

Additional Information

• Grafting is a method of asexual plant propagation that joins plant parts from different plants together so they will heal and grow as one plant.
• Layering is a means of plant propagation in which a portion of an above-ground stem grows roots while still attached to the parent plant and then detaches as an independent plant.
• Budding, or bud grafting, is a form of vegetative or clonal plant propagation by which an exact replica of the parent plant is produced.

The correct answer is 1975.

Key Points

• India decided to delink the rupee from the pound sterling and linked it to a “basket of currencies” in 1975.
• The exchange value of the rupee would be determined “with reference to daily exchange rate movements of a selected number of currencies of countries which are India’s major trading partners”.
• However, the pound sterling would continue to be used by the RBI as its “currency of intervention”.

Additional Information

• Governor of RBI - Shaktikanta Das
• Finance Minister of India - Nirmala Sitharaman.
• There are Eleven sub-offices of RBI in India.
• There are four deputy governors of RBI - B. P. Kanungo, Mahesh Kumar Jain, M. Rajeshwar Rao, and Michael Patra.

The correct answer is Madhya Pradesh.

Key Points

• Madhya Pradesh is the second-largest state in India in terms of Area.
• Rajasthan is the largest state in India in terms of Area.
• Uttar Pradesh is the most populous state in India.
• Madhya Pradesh borders the states of Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Chhattisgarh to the southeast, Maharashtra to the south, Gujarat to the west, and Rajasthan to the northwest.

Additional Information

• Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh - Shivraj Singh Chauhan
• Governor of Madhya Pradesh - Anandiben Patel
• Literacy rate of Madhya Pradesh - 70.6%
• Sex Ratio of Madhya Pradesh - 931
• State Tree - Banyan

The correct answer is Karagattam.

Key Points

• Karakaattam (or 'Water pot' Dance) is an ancient folk dance of Tamil Nadu performed in praise of the rain goddess Mariamman.
• The ancient Tamil epic says that this type of dance derived from Bharatham and a mixture of multiple forms of Tamil dance forms like Bharatanatyam postures and mudras.
• The offering of this dance is to the goddess to bless rain.
• The dance accompanies songs like folk Carnatic (Amrithavarshini).

Additional Information

• Kolattam is the Dance of Andhra Pradesh.
• Mayilattam is an artistic and religious form of dance performed in the Hindu temples of Tamil Nadu and Kerala in reverence to Lord Subrahmanya.
• Paampu Attam is a folk dance from Tamil Nadu, India.

The correct answer is Dhrupad.

Key Points

• Pandit Uday Bhawalkar is an Indian classical vocalist.
• He is an exponent of the dhrupad genre.
• Uday Bhawalkar was born in Ujjain, Madhya Pradesh.
• At the age of 15, he received a scholarship at the Dhrupad Kendra, Bhopal.

Additional Information

• Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh - Mohan Yadav
• Governor of Madhya Pradesh - Shri Mangubhai Patel
• Literacy rate of Madhya Pradesh - 70.6%
• Sex Ratio of Madhya Pradesh - 931
• State Tree - Banyan

The correct answer is Girish Chandra Chaturvedi.

Key Points

• Leading stock exchange NSE said it has appointed Public Interest Director Girish Chandra Chaturvedi as its new chairman.
• The appointment comes following the approval of the markets regulator Securities and Exchange Board of India (SEBI).
• The position was vacant since Ashok Chawla resigned as the chairman of the National Stock Exchange(NSE).

Additional Information

• The Chairman of BSE is Suseel Kumar.
• The Chairman of SEBI is Ajay Tyagi.
• The headquarters of SEBI is in Mumbai.

The correct answer is Kerala.

Key Points

• Kerala bagged the United Nations award for its "outstanding contribution" towards the non-communicable diseases-related sustainable development goals.
• The UN Interagency Task Force (UNIATF) award this year on prevention and control of non-communicable diseases was announced by World Health Organization director-general Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.
• The award recognizes achievements during 2019 on the multisectoral action in the prevention and control of NCDs, mental health, and the wider NCD-related sustainable development goals (SDGs).

Additional Information

• Chief Minister of Kerala - Pinarayi Vijayan
• Governor of Kerala - Arif Mohammad Khan
• Literacy rate of Kerala - 96.2%
• Sex Ratio of Kerala - 1084
• State tree of Kerala - Coconut

The correct answer is Ashoka.

Key Points

• Sanchi is a Buddhist complex, famous for its Great Stupa, on a hilltop at Sanchi Town in Raisen District of the State of Madhya Pradesh, India.
• The Great Stupa at Sanchi is one of the oldest stone structures in India and an important monument of Indian Architecture.
• It was originally commissioned by the emperor Ashoka in the 3^rd century BCE.
• Its nucleus was a simple hemispherical brick structure built over the relics of the Buddha.

Additional Information

• Ashoka is also known as Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty, who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from 268 to 232 BCE.
• He was the grandson of the dynasty's founder Chandragupta Maurya.
• Ashoka promoted the spread of Buddhism across ancient Asia.

The correct answer is Calcium Carbonate.

Key Points

• The chief component of the nacre that constitutes the pearl is aragonite (CaCO₃).
• Nacre also contains a small amount of conchiolin, a hornlike organic substance (albuminoid) that is the main constituent of the mollusc's outer shell.
• Pearl also contains Magnesium Carbonate(MgCO₃) along with Calcium Carbonate.

Additional Information

• Calcium carbonate is a common substance found in rocks as the minerals calcite and aragonite and is the main component of eggshells, snail shells, seashells, and pearls.
• The Molar Mass of Calcium Carbonate is 100.0869 g/mol.
• Melting point: 825 °C.

The correct answer is 9.

Key Points

• Each kho-kho team consists of 12 players, but during a contest, only 9 players from each team take the field.
• A match consists of two innings.
• In an innings, each team gets seven minutes for chasing and seven for defending.
• You cannot change/replace/substitute your players in your defence turn.

Additional Information

• Sarika Kale is an Indian kho kho player from Maharashtra.
• She became the captain of the Maharashtra women's state kho kho team in 2010, leading the team to three national championships.
• Selected for the India women's national kho kho team in 2015, she was named captain of the team before the 2016 South Asian Games.

The correct answer is 1934.

Key Points

• The Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934 provides the overarching legal framework for the deployment of reserves in different foreign currency assets and gold within the broad parameters of currencies, instruments, issuers, and counterparties.
• The guiding objectives of foreign exchange reserve management in India are similar to those of many central banks in the world.
• The essential legal framework for reserve management is provided in sub-sections 17 (6A), 17(12), 17(12A), 17(13), and 33 (6) of the above Act.

Additional Information

• Governor of RBI - Shaktikanta Das
• Deputy Governor of RBI - Rajeshwar Rao, M.K. Jain, and Michael Patra.
• Sub Offices of RBI - 11
• Headquarters of RBI -  Mumbai.

The correct answer is Peter Handke.

Key Points

• Peter Handke is a Nobel laureate novelist, playwright, translator, poet, film director, and screenwriter from Austria.
• Handke was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 2019.
• In the late 1960s, he was recognized for the play Publikumsbeschimpfung and the novel Die Angst des Tormanns beim Elfmeter.
• Noble Prize is given in SIX fields every year.

Additional Information

Nobel Prize winners of 2020:

The correct answer is 15%.

Key Points

• 91^st Amendment curbed PM’s discretion to appoint any number of ministers.
• Article 72 empowers the President the power to grant pardons, reprieves, respites or remissions of punishment or to suspend, remit or commute the sentence of any person convicted of any offence.
• Prior to January 1, 2004 (the effective date of the 91^st Amendment of the Constitution) the Prime Minister had the discretion to appoint any number in his council of ministers.
• But the Constitution (Ninety-first Amendment) Act in 2003 made a drastic change in curbing such power of the Prime Minister.

Additional Information

Some important Amendments in the Constitution:

The correct answer is Chandragupta I.

Key Points

• Chandragupta I was a king of the Gupta dynasty, who ruled in northern India.
• He was known as the Maharajadhiraja due to the powerful alliances he made in the Ganges region.
• It is not certain how he turned his small ancestral kingdom into an empire, although a widely accepted theory among modern historians is that his marriage to the Lichchhavi princess Kumaradevi helped him extend his political power.
• Their son Samudragupta further expanded the Gupta empire.

Additional Information

• Samundra Gupta is also known as Kaviraj.
• Samundra Gupta was named Napolean of India by V A Smith.
• Chandragupta II is the Vikramaditya. He also issued Silver coins (the first Gupta ruler to do this).
• Kumargupta founded the Nalanda University.

The correct answer is Manipur.

Key Points

 

• The festival of Yaoshang is considered one of the major festivals of Manipur.`

• People from different communities come together to take part in the celebrations.

• A five-day event celebrated on the full moon day of the month of Lamta (February-March)

Additional Information

• Chief Minister of Manipur - N. Biren Singh
• Literacy rate of Manipur - 74.04%
• Sex Ratio of Manipur - 957
• Dances of Manipur -  Raas, Shim Lam, Thang ta, etc.

The correct answer is Lever.

Key Points

• A seesaw or teeter-totter is a simple machine found on a playground.
• It acts as a lever, which is simply a bar or rod that pivots (turns) on a point called a fulcrum.

Additional Information

• A wedge is an object with a one-pointed edge and one thick edge, which you put under a door to keep it firmly in position.
• A pulley is a wheel that carries a flexible rope, cord, cable, chain, or belt on its rim.
• The wheel and axle is a machine consisting of a wheel attached to a smaller axle so that these two parts rotate together in which a force is transferred from one to the other.

The correct answer is Odisha.

Key Points

• Odisha is the largest bauxite-producing state in India.
• Panchpatmali deposits in the Koraput district are the most valuable bauxite deposits in the state.
• Bauxite deposits are formed by the decomposition of a wide variety of rocks rich in aluminium silicates.
• India’s bauxite deposits are mainly found in the Amarkantak plateau, Maikal hills and the plateau region of Bilaspur-Katni.
• Though several ores contain aluminium, it is from bauxite, a clay-like substance that alumina and later aluminium is obtained.

Additional Information

• Chief Minister of Odisha - Mohan Charan Majhi
• Governor of Odisha -Raghubar Das
• Santula one of the main food dishes of Odisha.
• Dances of Odisha - Chaiti Ghoda, Medha Nacha, Karma Dance, Chhau Dance, etc.
• Festivals of Odisha - Kalinga Mahotsav, Chandan Yatra, Raja Parba, etc.

The correct answer is 22.8.

Key Points

• The share of formal employment increased from 17.9 per cent in 2011 -12 to 22.8 per cent in 2017-18 reflecting formalization in the economy.
• The theme of the Survey is wealth creation, promotion of pro-business policies, strengthening of trust in the economy.
• To achieve a GDP of $5 trillion by 2024-25, India needs to spend about $1.4 trillion over these years on infrastructure.

Additional Information

The main highlights of Economic Survey 2020 are:

• Declining inflation from 3.2 per cent in April 2019 to 2.6 per cent in December 2019, reflecting weakening demand pressure in the economy.
• GST collections grew by 4.1 per cent for the centre during April-November 2019.
• 8 per cent increase in regular employment of women in 2017-18 over 2011-12.

The correct answer is Karnataka.

Key Points

• Jog Falls, is a waterfall on the Sharavati river located in the Western Ghats Sagara taluk, Shimoga district.
• It is the second-highest plunge waterfall in India.
• It is a segmented waterfall that depends on rain and season becomes a plunge waterfall.
• The falls are major attractions for tourists and are ranked 36^th in the list of free-falling waterfalls, 490^th in the world by a list of waterfalls by total height, 128^th in the list of single-drop waterfalls in the World by the waterfall database.

Additional Information

• The highest waterfall of India - Kunchikal Falls

The correct answer is the right to move freely throughout the territory of India.

Key Points

• Article 19 of the India Constitution defines that:

          All citizens shall have the right—

      (a) to freedom of speech and expression

      (b) to assemble peaceably and without arms

      (c) to form associations or unions

      (d) to move freely throughout the territory of India

      (e) to reside and settle in any part of the territory of India

      (f) to practice any profession, or to carry on any occupation, trade, or business.

Additional Information

• The Constitution guarantees six fundamental rights to Indian citizens as follows: (i) right to equality, (ii) right to freedom, (iii) right against exploitation, (iv) right to freedom of religion, (v) cultural and educational rights, and (vi) right to constitutional remedies.
• Fundamental Rights are defined from Article 12 to Article 35.
• Fundamental Rights come under Part III of the Indian Constitution.
• These are borrowed from the USA.

The correct answer is Harvey J Alter, Michael Houghton, and Charles M Rice.

Key Points

• The 2020 Nobel Prize in Medicine is awarded to three scientists who have made a decisive contribution to the fight against blood-borne hepatitis, a major global health problem that causes cirrhosis and liver cancer in people around the world.
• Nobel Prize in Medicine goes to Harvey J. Alter, Michael Houghton, and Charles M. Rice.

Additional Information

Nobel Prize winners of 2020:

The correct answer is 63^rd.

Key Points

• India has moved 14 places to be 63^rd among 190 nations in the World Bank’s ease of doing business ranking.
• It is on the back of multiple economic reforms by the Narendra Modi government.
• However, it failed to achieve the government's target of being in 50^th place.
• New Zealand is ranked No 1 in the Ease of Doing Business 2020 report.

Additional Information

India's rank in various indexes:

• Human Capital Index - 116
• Global Climate Risk Index 2020 - 5
• Human Development Index - 131
• Global Climate Risk Index 2021 - 7
• Corruption Perception Index 2020 - 86

The correct answer is Lala Lajpat Rai.

Key Points

• Lala Lajpat Rai (28 January 1865 – 17 November 1928) was an Indian independence activist.
• He played a pivotal role in the Indian Independence movement.
• He was popularly known as Punjab Kesari.
• He was one of the three Lal Bal Pal triumvirates.
• He died a few weeks after sustaining severe injuries during a baton charge by police when he led a peaceful protest march against the all-British Simon Commission, a commission constituted by the United Kingdom for Indian constitutional reform.

Additional Information

• Dr. Rajendra Prasad was the first President of India.
• He was also the chairman of the Steering committee.
• Mahatma Gandhi was popularly known as Bapu.
• Subhas Chandra Bose was popularly known as Netaji.

The correct answer is 1628 to 1658 AD.

Key Points

• Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram better known by his regnal name, Shah Jahan was the fifth Mughal emperor and reigned from 1628 to 1658.
• Under his reign, the Mughal Empire reached the peak of its cultural glory.
• Although an able military commander, Shah Jahan is best remembered for his architectural achievements.
• His reign ushered in the golden age of Mughal architecture.
• Shah Jahan commissioned many monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal in Agra, in which is entombed his favourite wife, Mumtaz Mahal.

Additional Information

Reign of Mughal Dynasty rulers:

• Babur - 1526-1530
• Humayun - 1530-40, 1555-56
• Akbar - 1556-1605
• Jahangir - 1606-27
• Shah Jahan - 1628-1658
• Aurangzeb - 1658-1707

The correct answer is 1928.

Key Points

• The Indian Statutory Commission also referred to as the Simon Commission, was a group of seven Members of Parliament under the chairmanship of Sir John Simon (later, 1^st Viscount Simon).
• The commission arrived in British India in 1928 to study constitutional reform in Britain's largest and most important possession.
• One of its members was the future leader of the Labour Party Clement Attlee, who became committed to self-government for India.

Additional Information

• Simon Commission was boycotted by Indians as no Indian was a member of the Commission.
• Prominent Indian nationalist Lala Lajpat Rai led a protest in Lahore against Simon Commission.
• He suffered a police beating during the protest and died of his injuries on 17 November 1928.

The correct answer is 82 degree 30' E.

Key Points

• The longitude of 82½° E (82° 30’E) is considered the standard meridian.
• The local time stated or mentioned at this meridian is considered as the standard time for the whole country.
• This is called the Indian Standard Time (IST).
• In India, we find a difference of about 1 hour and 45 minutes in the local times of Dwarka in Gujarat and Dibrugarh in Assam.
• Hence, it is necessary to adopt the local time of some central meridian of a country as the standard time for the country.

Additional Information

• 0^o is known as the Prime Meridian line, Greenwich meantime or Universal Time Coordinate.
• 180o is known as the International Dateline.

The correct answer is 7%.

Key Points

• About India, the 5^th-largest manufacturer in the world with a total manufacturing value added of over USD 420 billion in 2016.
• The WEF said the country's manufacturing sector has grown by over 7 per cent per year on average in the past three decades and accounts for 16-20 per cent of India's GDP.

Additional Information

• The headquarters of the World Economic Forum is in Cologny, Switzerland
• The President of the World Economic Forum is Borge Brende.
• Several reports released by World Economic Forum:
• Global Risks Report
• Fostering Effective Energy Transition
• Social Mobility Index
• Global Gender Gap Report

The correct answer is The Speaker of the Lok Sabha presides over a joint sitting of the two Houses of Parliament.

Key Points

• The joint sitting of the Parliament is called by the President.
• It is presided over by the Speaker or, in their absence, by the Deputy Speaker of the Lok Sabha or in their absence, the Deputy-Chairperson of the Rajya Sabha.
• The Chairperson doesn't preside over the joint session at any means/cost.

Important Points

• Joint Sitting is described under Article 108.
• Joint Sitting is taken from Australia.
• There are two exceptions when a joint sitting cannot be summoned. They are for the following bills:

1. Constitutional Amendment Bill (Article 368)
2. Money Bill (Article 110).

The correct answer is 1951.

Key Points

• The 1951 Asian Games officially known as the First Asian Games, was a multi-sport event celebrated in New Delhi, India from 4 to 11 March 1951.
• The Games received names like First Asiad and 1951 Asiad.
• A total of 489 athletes representing 11 Asian National Olympic Committees (NOCs) participated in 57 events from eight sports and disciplines.
• The Games was the successor of the Far Eastern Games and the revival of the Western Asiatic Games.
• The 1951 Asiad was originally scheduled to be held in 1950 but postponed until 1951 due to delays in preparations.

Additional Information

• Asian Games 2021 will be held in Hanoi, Vietnam.
• Total 11 Nations will be going to participate in Asian Games 2021.
• This is the second time Vietnam will hold the SEA Games since 2003.
• The official Mascot of Asian Games 2021 is Jinfengwa.

The correct answer is Mercury.

Key Points

• An amalgam is an alloy of mercury with another metal.
• It may be a liquid, a soft paste, or a solid, depending upon the proportion of mercury.
• Dentistry has used alloys of mercury with metals such as silver, copper, indium, tin, and zinc.

Additional Information

Some other important elements with their Alloys:

• Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc.
• Bronze is an alloy of copper and tin.
• Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon.

The correct answer is 5.

Key Points

• The XDR basket has consisted of the following five currencies:
• U.S. dollar 41.73%
• euro 30.93%
• Chinese yuan 10.92%
• Japanese yen 8.33%
• British pound 8.09%.
• The SDR is an international reserve asset created by the IMF to supplement the official reserves of its member countries.

Additional Information

• The currency value of the SDR is determined by summing the values in U.S. dollars, based on market exchange rates, of a basket of major currencies (the U.S. dollar, Euro, Japanese yen, pound sterling, and the Chinese renminbi).
• SDR stands for Special Drawing Rights.
• The headquarters of IMF is in Washington, D.C., United States.

The correct answer is Buddhism.

Key Points

• The Ajanta Caves are approximately 30 rock-cut Buddhist cave monuments that date from the 2^nd century BCE to about 480 CE in the Aurangabad district of Maharashtra state of India.
• The caves include paintings and rock-cut sculptures described as among the finest surviving examples of ancient Indian art, particularly expressive paintings that present emotions through gesture, pose, and form.
• They are universally regarded as masterpieces of Buddhist religious art.
• The caves were built in two phases, the first starting around the 2^nd century BCE and the second occurring from 400–650 CE, according to older accounts, or in a brief period of 460–480 CE according to later scholarship.

Additional Information

• Chief Minister of Maharashtra - Eknath Shinde
• Governor of Maharashtra - Ramesh Bais
• State bird of Maharashtra - Yellow-footed green pigeon
• State tree of Maharashtra - Mangifera indica
• State animal of Maharashtra - Indian giant squirrel

Correct answer is - Motilal Nehru.

Key Points

• The Swaraj Party was established as the Congress-Khilafat Swaraj Party.
• The Swaraj Party was formed by C.R. Das and Motilal Nehru.
• It was a political party formed in India on 1 January 1923 after the Gaya annual conference in December 1922 of the National Congress, that sought greater self-government and political freedom for the Indian people from the British Raj.

Additional Information

• Indian National Congress was founded by Allan Octavian Hume.
• All India Forward Bloc (AIFB) was founded by Subash Chandra Bose.

The correct answer is Andhadhun.

Key Points

• The 66^th National Films Awards were announced in New Delhi.
• Multiple honors were given to AndhaDhun and Uri: The Surgical Strikes.
• AndhaDhun was named the best Hindi film of the year at the National Film Awards
• Ayushmann Khurrana and Vicky Kaushal (Uri) sharing the best actor award.

Additional Information

• National Film Awards 2020 winners:
• Best Feature Film: Marakkar: Arabikadalinte Simham.
• Best Hindi Film: Chhichhore.
• Best Actor (Male): Manoj Bajpayee (Bhosle) and Dhanush (Asuran)
• Best Actor (Female): Kangana Ranaut (Manikarnika and Panga)

The correct answer is Haryana.

Key Points

• Tropic of Cancer is an imaginary line that is at an angle of 23.50 degrees.
• It is North of the Equator, which passes through the middle of India.
• Tropic of Cancer passes through 17 countries.
• The Tropic of Cancer passes through eight states in India:
• Gujarat (Jasdan)
• Rajasthan (Kalinjarh)
• Madhya Pradesh (Shajapur)
• Chhattisgarh (Sunhat)
• Jharkhand (Lohardaga)
• West Bengal (Krishnanagar)
• Tripura (Udaipur)
• Mizoram (Champhai)

Important Points

• Tropic of Cancer crosses Mahi River twice, first in Madhya Pradesh from where it flows towards Rajasthan and enters Gujarat where it cuts for the second time.
• The maximum length of the Tropic of Cancer is in Madhya Pradesh.
• The minimum length of the Tropic of Cancer is in Rajasthan.

The correct answer is World War I.

Key Points

• The India Gate (formerly known as the All India War Memorial) is a war memorial located astride the Rajpath, on the eastern edge of the "ceremonial axis" of New Delhi.
• It stands as a memorial to 70,000 soldiers of the British Indian Army who died between 1914 and 1921 in the First World War, in France, Flanders, Mesopotamia, Persia, East Africa, Gallipoli, and elsewhere in the Near and the Far East, and the Third Anglo-Afghan War.

Additional Information

• The National War Memorial is an Indian national monument built to honour and remember soldiers of the Indian military who gave the supreme sacrifice in armed conflicts of Independent India.
• India Gate was built in 1931.

The correct answer is 6 consecutive months.

Key Points

• A Minister who for any period of six consecutive months is not a member of either House of Parliament shall at the expiration of that period cease to be a Minister.
• Free for one month and pay only if you like it Central Government Act.

Important Points

• The Prime Minister shall be appointed by the President and the other ministers shall be appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister.
• The ministers shall hold office during the pleasure of the President.

The correct answer is The Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976.

Key Points

• The 42^nd Amendment changed the description of India from a "sovereign democratic republic" to a "sovereign, socialist secular democratic republic", and also changed the words "unity of the nation" to "unity and integrity of the nation".
• The 42^nd amendment, officially known as The Constitution (Forty-second Amendment) Act, 1976, was enacted during the Emergency (25 June 1975 – 21 March 1977) by the Indian National Congress government headed by Indira Gandhi.

Additional Information

Some important Amendments in the Constitution:

From second and third positions, it is clear that-

'5' is opposite to '6' (As numbers '2', '3', '4' and '1' are adjacent to '6'.)

And from third position, it is observed that-

'1' and '6' are adjacent to '4' ⇒ So, either '2' or '3' can be opposite to face with number '4'. 

Now, assuming that '3' is at the back in the third position, rotate the third position such that '6' is on the front face.

This proves that second position can not be obtained as 2 will not be on the right face.

So, in third position, number '3' is not at the back, it is on the left face.

And as '4' is on the right face, so '3' and '4' are opposite to each other.

Hence, number '3' is opposite to the face with the number '4'.

Given Equation:  65 ÷ 13 × 8 + 39 - 105 = 106

CONCEPT:

Follow BODMAS rule to solve this question by putting combination of signs given in each option, as per the order given below,

Step - 1 - Parts of an equation enclosed in 'Brackets' must be solved first,

Step - 2 - Any mathematical 'Of' or 'Exponent' should be solved next,

Step - 3 - Then, the parts of the equation containing 'Division' and 'Multiplication' operations are solved,

Step - 4 - And lastly, the parts of the equation that contains 'Addition' and 'Subtraction' should be calculated.

So, on using BODMAS and solving each option, 

Option 1: + and -

On interchanging these signs, the given equation becomes: 65 ÷ 13 × 8 - 39 + 105 = 106

Solving LHS of the equation,

65 ÷ 13 × 8 - 39 + 105

= 5 × 8 - 39 + 105

= 40 - 39 + 105

= 145 - 39

= 106 = RHS = 106, This satisfies the equation.

Option 2. ÷ and -

On interchanging these signs, the given equation becomes: 65 - 13 × 8 + 39 ÷ 105 = 106

Solving LHS of the equation,

65 - 13 × 8 + 39 ÷ 105

= 65 - 13 × 8 + 0.37

= 65 - 104 + 0.37

= 65.37 - 104

= - 38.63 ≠ 106 , This does not satisfy the equation.

Option 3. + and × 

On interchanging these signs, the given equation becomes: 65 ÷ 13 + 8 × 39 - 105 = 106

Solving LHS of the equation,

65 ÷ 13 + 8 × 39 - 105

= 5 + 8 × 39 - 105

= 5 + 312 - 105

= 317 - 105

= 212 ≠ 106, This does not satisfy the equation.

Option 4. × and ÷ 

On interchanging these signs, the given equation becomes- 65 × 13 ÷ 8 + 39 - 105 = 106

Solving LHS of the equation,

65 × 13 ÷ 8 + 39 - 105

= 65 × 1.625 + 39 - 105

= 105.625 + 39 - 105

= 144.625 - 105

= 39.625 ≠ 106, This does not satisfy the equation.

Hence, (+ and -) should be interchanged to make the given equation correct.

The pattern followed here is-

Thus, 699 will replace the question mark in the given series.

The relation between figure A & figure B is as follows-

The top left shape in figure A is shifted to diagonally opposite bottom right position and is shaded as well in figure B.

The bottom left shape in figure A is shifted to diagonally opposite top right position in figure B.

The top right shape in figure A is shifted to top left and is made unshaded in figure B.

The bottom right shape in figure A is shifted to bottom left is shaded in figure B.

By the same relation, the figure C will be related to the next figure as-

Thus, figure 2 of the given options are related to figure C in the same way as figure B is related to figure A.

The logic followed here is: A clear, transparent and Translucent object allows light to pass through it.

Whereas, an opaque object does not allows any amount of light to pass through it. 

Thus, the word 'opaque' is different from the other three words.

Option1: No. of dots = 7 (Odd Number)

Option2: No. of dots = 10 (Even Number)

Option3: No. of dots = 11 (Odd Number)

Option4: No. of dots = 9 (Odd Number)

Thus, figure 2 of the given options is different from the others.

The pattern follows here:

2^nd number = 1^st number - Number obtained by reversing the digits of 1^st number.

i.e.

6385 : 549

⇒ 549 = 6385 - 5836

⇒ 549 = 549

So, 8396 : ?

? = 8396 - 6938 = 1458

Hence, the correct answer is 1458.

The given figure will be completed as follows-

 

Hence, "figure 4" of the given options will complete the given pattern.

From the given information,

Number of engineers who are not males = Numbers that are given inside triangle but not common to rectangle.

= 9 + 3 + 1

= 13

 Thus, 13 is the correct answer.

Letters on different faces of the cube: A, D, G, K, Q and T.

From position 1 and 2, it is clear that - letters 'G', 'D', 'Q' and 'T' are adjacent to letter 'A'.

Hence, letter 'K' is opposite to letter 'A'.

The pattern followed here is-

Shaded divisions of the rectangle are decreasing by one in every successive figure.

Shaded divisions of circle are increasing by one in every successive figure.

Hence, figure 2 of the given options will replace the question mark in the given series.

The logic followed here is: Production of goods is done in a factory.

Similarly, in warehouse, goods are stored. Thus, storage of goods is done in warehouse.

Hence, 'Warehouse' is related to 'Storage' in the same way as 'Factory' is related to 'Production'.

Key Points

• The question figure is embedded in the following option figure 4:

Mistake Points

 - option figure 2 is not correct because the red part is not embedded in it.

Hence, option figure(4) is the correct answer.

The relation between figure A & figure B is as follows-

The top left shape in figure A is rotated 90° right in figure B.

The bottom left shape in figure A is rotated 90° left in figure B.

The top right shape in figure A is rotated 90° left in figure B.

The bottom right shape in figure A remains same but is shaded in figure B.

By the same relation, 

Figure C would be related to next figure as-

Thus, figure 1 of the given options is related to figure C in the same way as figure B is related to figure A.

Confusion PointsOption 1 → 

 → Rotation of star shape (

) is different.

Option 3 → 

 → Rotation of star shape (

) is different.

The logic followed here is: The two lines inside the circle must be parallel.

Figure A: Lines are parallel.

Figure B: Lines are parallel.

Figure C: Lines are parallel.

Figure D: Lines are not parallel.

Therefore, figure D is different from the other figures.

The mirror image of the given figure will appear on the right side of the mirror as-

Thus, figure 4 of the given options is the correct mirror image of the given figure when a vertical mirror is placed to the right of the figure.

The logic followed here is: Each alphabet of the word 'REJOICE' is coded as its opposite pair of alphabet and then placed at its same position but from the opposite end.

CONCEPT:

Opposite pair means the alphabets which are at numerically same positions in alphabetical order but from the opposite ends. E.g. (A&Z), (B&Y), (C&X) etc.

Thus, REJOICE is coded as-

 

By applying the same logic, VICTORY will be coded as-

 

Therefore, VICTORY will be coded as BILGXRE.

The pattern here will be completed as follows:

Thus, figure 2 of the given options will complete the given pattern.

The pattern followed here is-

Hence, 355 will come in place of question mark in the given series.

CP of product = Rs.80

Markup% = 50% (As he marks a price assuming a profit of 50% on CP)

So, Marked Price = Rs.80 + 50% of Rs.80

                             = Rs.80 + Rs.40 

                             = Rs.120

Discount% = 20% 

So, Selling Price = Marked Price - Discount

                            = Rs.120 - 20% of Rs.120

                            = Rs.120 - Rs.24

                            = Rs.96

Net Profit = SP - CP

                = Rs.96 - Rs.80

                = Rs.16

Hence, Net Profit = Rs.16

ALTERNATE SOLUTION:

MarkUp% = 50% 

Discount% = 20%

So, Profit% = 50 - 20 - (50 × 20) / 100

                   = 50 - 20 -10

       Profit% = 20%

Profit% = 20%

CP = Rs.80 

20 × 80 = Profit × 100

Profit = 1600 ÷ 100

         = Rs.16

Hence, Net Profit = Rs.16

The logic followed here is:

Relation between (7, 30, 40) → 30 + 40 = 70, 70 is a multiple of 7

Applying same relation,

Option1: (8, 1, 54) → 1 + 54 = 55, 55 is not a multiple of 8

Option2: (5, 2, 16) → 2 + 16 = 18, 18 is not a multiple of 5

Option3: (7, 4, 35) → 4 + 35 = 39, 39 is not a multiple of 4

Option4: (6, 3, 27) → 3 + 27 = 30, 30 is a multiple of 6

Hence, (6, 3, 27) is related in the same way as (7, 30, 40).

The given figure is a part of-

The solid lines show the embedded part.

Hence, the figure given in question is embedded in figure 1 of the given options.

The pattern followed here is-

The shape or element in the upper right quadrant shifts to the lower left quadrant in the successive figure.

The shape or element in the lower right quadrant shifts to the upper right quadrant in the successive figure.

The shape or element in the upper left quadrant shifts to the lower right quadrant in the successive figure.

And a new shape or element is added to the upper left quadrant and the element or shape in lower left quadrant is removed in every successive step.

Here, Option 2 and 4 both can be correct answers but according to the last figure only option 4 is correct

.

Thus, figure 4 of the given options will replace the question mark.

Mistake Points Please observe the orientation of the star in both options. There is a slight difference in both options.

The teacher and principal work in schools. As, every principal is a teacher once, so here option 2 will be correct one

 

Thus, the correct representation of their relationship is-

Thus, Venn diagram 2 of the given options best illustrates the relationship between the classes- School (S), Teacher (T), Principal (P).

The given paper will unfold as follows-

Thus, on completely unfolding, the paper will appear as figure 1 of the given options.

Given:

The length of the hall = 14 m

Breadth of hall = 11 m

Formula used:

Area of the rectangle = length × breadth

Area of four walls of a rectangular hall = 2 × (length + breadth) × height

Volume of cuboid = (length × breadth × height)

Calculation:

Let the height of the rectangular hall be H.

Area of floor or ceiling = (14 × 11) m² = 154 m²

So, Sum of the floor and ceiling of the hall = (154 + 154) = 308 m²  

Now, the area of four walls of the hall = 2 × (14 + 11) × H = 50H

According to the question,

Sum of the areas of the floor and the ceiling = Sum of the areas of the four walls

⇒ 50H = 308 m²

⇒ H = 308/50 m²

⇒ 154/25 m²

So, Volume (in m³) of the hall = (14 × 11 × 154/25) m³ = 948.64 m³

∴ The volume of the hall is 948.64 m³.

Given:

3 birds fly along the circumference of a jungle.

Time Taken by 1^st bird to complete one round = 27 minutes.

Time Taken by 2^nd bird to complete one round = 45 minutes.

Time Taken by 3^rd bird to complete one round = 63 minutes.

Concept:

In circular track 

The time of the first meeting at the starting point is equal to the LCM of time taken by them to cover 1 round.

Calculation:

LCM of 27, 45 & 63

⇒ 27 = 3 × 3 × 3 = 3³

⇒ 45 = 3 × 3 × 5 = 3² × 5

⇒ 63 = 3 × 3 × 7 = 3² × 7

LCM of 27, 45 & 63 = 27 × 5 × 7 = 945

∴ They meet again at the starting position after 945 minutes.

Given:

The difference between a two-digit number and the number obtained by interchanging the digits is 54

The ratio of the digits of the number is 3 ∶ 1

Calculation:

Let the unit digit of the number be x and the tenth digit be y

⇒ Number = 10x + y

After interchanging the digits

⇒ New number = 10y + x

According to the question,

⇒ (10x + y) - (10y + x) = 54

⇒ 10x + y - 10y - x = 54

⇒ 9x - 9y = 54

⇒ 9(x - y) = 54

⇒ x - y = 6        ----(1)

It is given that x : y = 3 : 1

Then x = 3y      ----(2)

Using value of x in equation (1),

⇒ 3y - y = 6

⇒ 2y = 6 ⇒ y = 3

So, x = 3 × 3 = 9

So, unit digit of the number (x) = 9 and tenth digit of the number (y) = 3

So, sum of the digits = 9 + 3 = 12, and difference of the digit

= 9 - 3 = 6

So, the final difference = 12 - 6 = 6

∴ The difference between the sum and the difference of the digits of the number is 6.

Given:

Distance between two places A and B = 190 km.

Speed of bus from A (S_A) = 40 km/h

Speed of bus from B (S_B) = 50 km/h

Bus A starts at 6 a.m. from A to B

Bus B starts at 7 a.m. from B to A

Concept used:

When two bodies are in motion in the opposite direction

 (S_A + S_B) = D ÷ T

Where, D = Distance, T = Time

Calculation:

Bus 'A' starts at 6 a.m. from A one hour before the bus B

Thus, it travels 40 km in one hour

Remaining distance = 150 km.

At 7 a.m. both trains start moving in opposite direction

(SA + SB) = D/T

⇒ (40 + 50) = 150/T

⇒ 90 = 150/T = 150/90

⇒ T = 5/3 = (5/3) × 60 minutes

⇒ T = 1 hour 40 minute

Time to meet = 8.40 a.m.

∴ The time they will meet is 8.40 a.m.

Shortcut Trick

Total Work = Number of days required × Efficiency

The ratio of efficiency A and B = 13 : 10

Let the efficiency of A & B be 13 units & 10 units respectively

B can finish a certain job in 13 days

Total work = 13 × 10 units = 130 units

Number of days required by A = 130 units ÷ 13 = 10 days

Alternate Method

Given:

A is 30% more efficient than B

B can finish a certain job in 13 days

Concept:

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time when the work done is constant

Calculation:

⇒ Ratio of efficiency A and B = 130% : 100%

⇒ Ratio of efficiency A and B = 13 : 10

Efficiency is inversely proportional to the time when the work done is constant

The ratio of time Taken by A and B = 10 : 13

Let A takes x days to do the same job

⇒ 10 : 13 ∷ x : 13

⇒ (10/13) ∷ (x/13)

⇒ x = (10 × 13)/13

⇒ x = 10

∴ A alone complete the same job in 10 days

Given:

Consumption of rice = 20 kg

The price of rice increases by 35%

Consumption of rice is reduced so as the expenditure increases by 8%

Formula Used:

Expenditure = Consumption (in kg) × Price (of rice)

Calculation: 

Let the original price of 1 kg of rice is Rs 100

The total price of 20 kg rice = Rs 2000

According to the question

Increased price of rice = 100 × 135% = 135

Increased Expenditure = 2000 × 108% = Rs 2160

New Consumption = 2160 ÷ 135 = 16 kg

∴ The new consumption (in kg) of rice per month due to the increases in the price of rice is 16.

Shortcut TrickProfit is calculated on CP

Difference between profit = 15% - 12.5% = 2.5%

⇒ 2.5% = 50 Rs

⇒ CP = 100% = 50 × 40 = 2000 Rs

Originally watch was sold at 12.5% profit

⇒ SP = 2000 × \(\frac{112.5}{100}\) = 2250 Rs

∴ The initial selling price of the watch was Rs 2250.

Alternate Method

Given:

Radha sold a watch at a profit of 12.5%

If she had sold it for Rs.50 more, the profit would have been 15%

Formula used:

Profit % = \(\frac{SP-CP}{CP}\) × 100

Calculation:

Let the CP of a watch be Rs 100a

⇒ SP = 100a × (112.5/100) = Rs 112.5a

According to the question

⇒ S.P + 50 = C.P × (100 + Profit)/100

⇒ S.P + 50 = 100a × (115/100)

⇒ 112.5a + 50 = 115a

⇒ 115a – 112.5a = 50

⇒ 2.5a = 50

⇒ a = Rs 20

Initial SP = 112.5a

⇒ 112.5 × 20 = Rs 2250

∴ The initial Selling Price of a watch is Rs 2250.

Given:

The ratio of telephone bills paid by A, B and C = 3 : 5 : 7

Bill paid by A = Rs 360

Bill paid by B = Rs 560

Bill paid by C = Rs 840

Calculations:

Let the bill paid by A, B and C be 3x, 5x and 7x respectively

⇒ 7x = 840

⇒ x = 120

Bill payable to B is 5x

⇒ 120 × 5 = Rs 600

The bill paid by B is Rs 560

Remaining amount to be paid by B = 600 - 560 = Rs 40

∴ The amount B pays to settle the accounts is Rs 40.

Given:

The ratio of the length and breadth of a rectangular park is 5 ∶ 3

The speed of the man is 6 km/h

He covered the boundary in 10 minutes

Concept used:

Distance covered while walking along the boundary of the rectangular park is equal to the perimeter of the rectangular park

Formula used:

Perimeter of a rectangle = 2 × (length + breadth)

Area of a rectangle = length × breadth

Calculation:

Let the length breadth of the rectangular park be 5x and 3x respectively

Man covered the boundary in 10 minutes with a speed of 6 km/h

Distance covered in 60 minutes = 6 km

Distance covered in 10 minutes = 1 km or 1000 m

According to the question

The perimeter of the rectangular park = 1000 m

⇒ 2 × (5x + 3x) = 1000 m

⇒ 2 × 8x = 1000 m

⇒ x = 500/8 m

Area of rectangular park = (5x) × (3x) = 15x²

⇒ 15 ×\((\frac{500}{8})^2\) = \(\frac{3750000}{64}\)  =  58593.75 m²  

∴ The area of the rectangular park is 58593.75 m² 

Shortcut TrickCost price = 1476 × (100/80) × (100/124)

⇒ 1487.90 Rs.

∴ The cost price of the article is 1487.90.

Alternate Method

Given:

SP of an article is Rs 1,476

20% discount is allowed on MP

If discount was not given, profit would have been 24%

Concept used:

Discount = MP - SP

% Discount = (Discount/MP) × 100

MP = SP × [100/(100 - Discount)]

CP = SP × [100/(100 + Profit)]

Calculation:

MP = 1476 × 100/(100 - 20)

⇒ 1476 × (100/80) = Rs 1845

CP = 1845 × [100/(100 + 24)]

⇒ 1845 × (100/124) = 1487.90 Rs.

∴ The cost price of the article is 1487.90 Rs.

Shortcut TrickThis question can be solved by Mixture & Alligation method

The ratio of boys to girls = 0.4 : 0.8 = 1 : 2

∴ The ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls is 1 : 2.

Alternate Method

Given:

Average age of students is 16.8 years

Average age of the boys is 17.6 years

Average age of girls is 16.4 years

Concept Used:

Total age of the class = Total age of the boys + Total age of girls

Calculation:

Let the number of boys and girls in the class be x and y respectively.

Total age of the class

⇒16.8 × (x + y) = 16.8x + 16.8y

Total age of boys = 17.6x

Total age of girls = 16.4y

Total age of the class = Total age of the boys + Total age of girls

⇒ 16.8x + 16.8y = 17.6x + 16.4y

⇒ 17.6x − 16.8x = 16.8y − 16.4y

⇒ 0.8x = 0.4y

⇒ x/y =1/2

∴ The ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls is 1 : 2.

Given:

CI for 2 years = Rs 1996.80

SI for 2 years = Rs 1920

Formula used:

CI = Principle [1 + (Rate/100)]^nt  - Principle

SI = (Principle × Rate × Time) ÷ 100

Concept Used:

Difference of CI & SI for 2^nd year = CI of Two Years - SI of Two Years

Calculation:

According to the question

Difference of CI & SI for 2^nd year = 1996.8 – 1920 = 76.8

SI of two years = 1920

⇒ SI of one year = 1920 ÷ 2 = 960

⇒ Rate = 76.8/960 × 100 = 8%

The rate is 8% and SI is 960 for one year

⇒ Principle = 960 × (100/8) = Rs 12000

Again, according to the question

When, Principle = Rs 12000, Time = 3 years

Rate = 8%, interest is compounded annually

⇒ Amount = 12000 + [1 + (8/100)]3

⇒ Amount = 12000 + 3116.544 = Rs 15116.544

∴ The amount for the 8% interest compounded annually for 3 years is Rs. 15116.544.

Alternate Method

Difference of CI & SI for 2^nd year = CI of Two Years - SI of Two Years

Difference of CI & SI for 2^nd year = 1996.8 – 1920 = 76.8

SI of two years = 1920

⇒ SI of one year = 1920 ÷ 2 = 960

⇒ Rate = 76.8/960 × 100 = 8%

⇒ Principle = 960 × (100/8) = Rs 12000

CI = Rs 3116.544

Amount = 12000 + 3116.544 = Rs 15116.544

Given:

In 1^st year, the population of the village increases by 10%,

In 2^nd year, the population of the village diminishes by 12%

At the end of the 2^nd year, the population becomes 14,520

Formula used:

Final value = Initial value × (1 + \(\frac{R}{100}\))

Where, R = increase or decrease percentage

Calculation:

Let the population at the beginning of the 1^st year be n

According to the question

⇒ n × (1 + \(\frac{10}{100}\)) × (1 + \(\frac{-12}{100}\)) = 14,520

⇒ n × (110/100) × (88/100) = 14,520

⇒ n × \(\frac{11}{10}\) × \(\frac{22}{25}\) = 14,520

⇒ n = 15,000

∴ The population of the village at the beginning of the first year was 15,000.

Given:

\((\dfrac{1}{4}\ of\ 1\dfrac{1}{2}) \div (3\dfrac{1}{2} - 1\dfrac{1}{4})\ of\ 1\dfrac{1}{2} - 1\dfrac{1}{2} \div 2\dfrac{1}{4} + 1\dfrac{1}{3}\)

Concept:

Follow the BODMAS rule according to the table given below:

Calculation:

\((\dfrac{1}{4}\ of\ 1\dfrac{1}{2}) \div (3\dfrac{1}{2} - 1\dfrac{1}{4})\ of\ 1\dfrac{1}{2} - 1\dfrac{1}{2} \div 2\dfrac{1}{4} + 1\dfrac{1}{3}\)

⇒ (1/4 × 3/2) ÷ (7/2 - 5/4) of 3/2 - 3/2 ÷ 9/4 + 4/3

⇒ 3/8 ÷ [(14 - 5)/4 × 3/2] - 3/2 × 4/9 + 4/3

⇒ 3/8 ÷ [9/4 × 3/2] - 2/3 + 4/3

⇒ 3/8 ÷ 27/8 - 2/3 + 4/3

⇒ 3/8 × 8/27 - 2/3 + 4/3

⇒ 1/9 - 2/3 + 4/3

⇒ (1 - 6 + 12)/9

⇒ 7/9

∴ The value of \((\dfrac{1}{4}\ of\ 1\dfrac{1}{2}) \div (3\dfrac{1}{2} - 1\dfrac{1}{4})\ of\ 1\dfrac{1}{2} - 1\dfrac{1}{2} \div 2\dfrac{1}{4} + 1\dfrac{1}{3}\) is 7/9.

Given:

Fruit seller sells 30% of the apples

Still, 245 apples were left

Calculations:

Let the total number of apples be A

According to the question

⇒ A × (100% - 30%) = 245

⇒ A × 70% = 245

⇒ A × \(\frac{70}{100}\) = 245

⇒ A = 245 ÷ 0.7

⇒ A = 350

∴ Initially, there were 350 apples with the fruit seller.

The correct answer is Communication services.

• Email or electronic mail is used to transfer the documents from one place to another place in a fraction of a second.

Key Points

• On the internet, many free services for mail are available and can be sent through the computer as well as with the Smartphone.
• An email may contain news, photos, or files.
• E-Mail is the best to keep in touch with near and dear ones round the clock and can be used at any time as per requirement.

Additional Information

Differences between email and webmail:

• Today, the term email is often used to include both browser-based electronic mail, such as Gmail and AOL, and non-browser-based electronic mail, such as Outlook for Office 365.
• However, a distinction was previously made defining email as a non-browser program that required a dedicated email server and clients. The advantages to using non-browser email are integration with corporate software platforms, enhanced security, and lack of advertisements.

Uses of email:

• Email can be used in a variety of ways, either personally or within an organization, as well as one on one or among a large group of people.
• Most people find email to be a beneficial way to communicate with individuals or small groups of friends or colleagues. It enables users to easily send and receive documents, images, links, and other files. Furthermore, it provides users with the flexibility of communicating with others on their own schedule.

The correct answer is Print Preview.

• Print Preview option is used prior to the final printing of the required paper.

Key Points

• The following options are to be used to check the print preview.
• Step: #1 – Open the file.
• Step: #2 – Click on the Office Button.
• Step: #3 – Click on the Print button
• Step: #4 – Click on the Print Preview button
• Step: #5 – Print Preview will be displayed on the screen.
• Step: #6- Modify the setting in page set up or any other changes if required and again review the print preview.