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CTET Paper II (Social Studies) (FEB 2026) — FEB-PAPER-2-J-2026-6ec91cad (Previous Year Paper)

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Paper last updated: 12 November 2026

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Child Development & Pedagogy (30 questions)

Question 1

Assertion (A) : If physical development of children is delayed then their social and emotional development gets affected. Reason (R) : There is developmental continuity in the course of children's development. Choose the correct option :

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (R) are false.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Why this answer is correct

Physical, social and emotional domains are interlinked; continuity of development explains how delay in one domain affects others.

Question 2

According to Jean Piaget, cognitive development :

AOption (a)
is simple addition of new facts and ideas to the existing store of information.
BOption (b)
is dependent upon the development of language capabilities.
COption (c)
is the process of acquiring the ability to use cultural tools.
DOption (d)
is the process of adaption to the environment by changing one's schemas.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

is the process of adaption to the environment by changing one's schemas.

Why this answer is correct

Piaget defined cognitive development as adaptation through assimilation and accommodation, changing schemas to fit environmental demands.

Question 3

Assertion (A) : Teachers should avoid collaborations, group work and interactions among students. Reason (R) : Learning is a passive process and occurs most effectively through memorization and imitation. Choose the correct option :

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (R) are false.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are false.

Why this answer is correct

Constructivist views hold learning as active, enhanced by collaboration and interaction; memorization alone is ineffective.

Question 4

Rapid increase in height and weight during adolescence that usually precedes sexual maturity is referred to as :

AOption (a)
Growth spurt
BOption (b)
Developmental trend
COption (c)
Menstruation
DOption (d)
Pubescence

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Growth spurt

Why this answer is correct

A rapid increase in height and weight before sexual maturity is termed the adolescent growth spurt.

Question 5

Assertion (A) : When talking about differences, expressions that put the person ahead of the difference should be used such as using 'the student with disabilities' rather than 'the disabled student'. Reason (R) : The language we use when talking about learners with differing needs shapes the perspective and attitudes. Choose the correct option :

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (R) are false.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Why this answer is correct

'Person-first' language promotes respectful attitudes; our words shape perceptions about learners with differing needs.

Question 6

Assertion (A) : Children in middle schools should be encouraged to write about their emotions on a daily/weekly basis and reflect upon them. Reason (R) : Understanding one's emotions is a cognitive process that can lead to action. Choose the correct option :

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (R) are false.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Why this answer is correct

Journaling emotions aids self-understanding; emotions involve cognition that guides action, so reason explains assertion.

Question 7

Which of the following is not an effective strategy in problem-solving ?

AOption (a)
Recognizing patterns and relationships
BOption (b)
Using logical reasoning to solve problems
COption (c)
Overlooking relevant information
DOption (d)
Breaking down complex problems into simpler parts

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Overlooking relevant information

Why this answer is correct

Overlooking relevant information hinders accurate understanding and effective problem-solving.

Question 8

According to Piaget when children reach the point of being able to generalize and engage in mental trial and error by thinking up hypothesis and testing them in their heads they are in :

AOption (a)
Sensorimotor stage
BOption (b)
Pre-operational stage
COption (c)
Concrete operational stage
DOption (d)
Formal operational stage

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Formal operational stage

Why this answer is correct

Hypothetical thinking and mental trial and error characterize Piaget’s formal operational stage.

Question 9

Students learn efficiently and in meaningful ways when :

AOption (a)
content is presented to them in the form of incoherent pieces of information.
BOption (b)
focus is on avoiding failure instead of approaching mastery.
COption (c)
new concept is completely different from previously learned material.
DOption (d)
their responses and subjective experiences are attended and valued.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

their responses and subjective experiences are attended and valued.

Why this answer is correct

Attending to students’ responses and experiences connects learning to meaning, enhancing efficiency and depth.

Question 10

According to Lawrence Kohlberg around which ethics do very young children's moral reasoning revolve ?

AOption (a)
Ethics of egocentricism
BOption (b)
Ethics of care
COption (c)
Ethics of perspectives of others
DOption (d)
Ethics of laws

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Ethics of egocentricism

Why this answer is correct

Young children’s moral reasoning is centered on self-interest, reflecting egocentric ethics in Kohlberg’s early stages.

Question 11

Assertion (A) : Diversity and inclusion improve teaching and learning. Reason (R) : Engaging in conversations across differences hinders children's ability to think critically and creatively. Choose the correct option :

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (R) are false.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(A) is true but (R) is false.

Why this answer is correct

Diversity and inclusion aid learning, but conversations across differences enhance, not hinder, critical and creative thinking.

Question 12

Which of the following are effective teaching strategies to cater to diverse needs of learners in a classroom ?
(a) Differentiated Instruction
(b) Standardized Curriculum
(c) Individualized Education Plans

AOption (a)
(a), (b)
BOption (b)
(b), (c)
COption (c)
(a), (c)
DOption (d)
(a), (b), (c)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (c)

Why this answer is correct

Differentiated instruction and IEPs address diverse learner needs; standardized curriculum does not inherently cater to individual differences.

Question 13

According to constructivist theorists :

AOption (a)
Children have a natural tendency to 'make sense' of the world.
BOption (b)
Children learn only when extrinsically motivated.
COption (c)
Children learn best when information is presented to them in a final form.
DOption (d)
Children have a tendency to behave in unruly ways that needs to be corrected.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Children have a natural tendency to 'make sense' of the world.

Why this answer is correct

Constructivists state children actively construct meaning, naturally trying to make sense of their world.

Question 14

Two commonly used strategies for effective problem-solving are :

AOption (a)
Heuristics and algorithms
BOption (b)
Heuristics and functional fixedness
COption (c)
Algorithms and response set
DOption (d)
Heuristics and response set

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Heuristics and algorithms

Why this answer is correct

Problem-solving commonly uses heuristics (mental shortcuts) and algorithms (systematic procedures).

Question 15

A teacher is designing a lesson plan for a group of students with varying levels of understanding of a topic. According to Vygotsky's theory, which of the following should the teacher consider when designing the lesson ?

AOption (a)
The teacher should ask each student to work individually on the specified problem.
BOption (b)
The teacher should provide all students with the same level of challenge.
COption (c)
The teacher should consider each student's current level of understanding and provide appropriate support to help them to reach the next level.
DOption (d)
The teacher should only focus on the students who are already at an advanced level of understanding and provide them with more challenging work.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

The teacher should consider each student's current level of understanding and provide appropriate support to help them to reach the next level.

Why this answer is correct

Vygotsky emphasizes scaffolding within the learner’s ZPD, based on current understanding with tailored support to advance learning.

Question 16

Characteristics such as 'lacking reading fluency', 'reversion of words', 'tendency towards distraction' are typical identifying characteristics of :

AOption (a)
Dyslexia
BOption (b)
Autism Spectrum Disorder
COption (c)
Dementia
DOption (d)
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Dyslexia

Why this answer is correct

Reading fluency problems and word reversals are hallmark symptoms of dyslexia, not autism, dementia, or ADHD.

Question 17

Students feel more motivated to learn in an environment which ensures :
(a) Belongingness
(b) Fear
(c) Rejection
(d) Safety

AOption (a)
(a), (b)
BOption (b)
(a), (d)
COption (c)
(b), (c)
DOption (d)
(b), (d)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (d)

Why this answer is correct

Motivation increases in environments providing belongingness and safety; fear and rejection undermine learning.

Question 18

Moving from conservative education towards progressive education requires shift from .

AOption (a)
formative evaluation to diagnostic evaluation
BOption (b)
integrated curriculum to standardized curriculum
COption (c)
performance-oriented goals to mastery-oriented goals
DOption (d)
teacher-centered pedagogy to exam-centered pedagogy

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

performance-oriented goals to mastery-oriented goals

Why this answer is correct

Progressive education emphasizes mastery and deep understanding over mere performance or test scores.

Question 19

When learning new information, which of the following is a helpful strategy for children to use to ensure they understand the content material ?
(a) Rereading the information once
(b) Asking questions and seeking clarification
(c) Pretending to understand
(d) Making up their own meanings for unfamiliar terms

AOption (a)
(a), (b)
BOption (b)
(a), (c)
COption (c)
(c), (d)
DOption (d)
(a), (b), (c)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (b)

Why this answer is correct

Rereading aids comprehension; asking questions deepens understanding. Pretending or inventing meanings hinders accurate learning.

Question 20

A teacher should create a classroom culture where students' motivation to learn is primarily focused to :

AOption (a)
avoid shame of appearing ignorant.
BOption (b)
compete with each other.
COption (c)
understand and appreciate the process of learning.
DOption (d)
prove their worth to others.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

understand and appreciate the process of learning.

Why this answer is correct

Intrinsic motivation grows when learners value understanding and the learning process, not competition or avoiding shame.

Question 21

Assertion (A) : Male characters in stories and books are often presented as strong and adventurous while female characters are shown as warm and sensitive. Reason (R) : Schools and curriculum influence gender-role identity as they are powerful agents of secondary socialization. Choose the correct option :

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (R) are false.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Why this answer is correct

Male/female portrayals show gender stereotyping; schools and curricula, as secondary socialization agents, shape children’s gender-role identities.

Question 22

Assertion (A) : Children who are struggling with dyslexia have trouble in phonological processing that makes it hard to decode words. Reason (R) : All children benefit from being encouraged in their areas of interest and ability. Choose the correct option :

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (R) are false.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Why this answer is correct

Dyslexia involves phonological processing difficulty. Encouraging interests benefits all children but doesn’t explain dyslexia’s decoding problems.

Question 23

What is the role of peers in the socialization process ?

AOption (a)
Peers have no major influence on socialization.
BOption (b)
Peers have a minor influence on socialization compared to parents and other adults in all stages of development.
COption (c)
Peers are the primary agents of socialization for children.
DOption (d)
Peers have a greater influence on socialization during adolescence than during early childhood.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Peers have a greater influence on socialization during adolescence than during early childhood.

Why this answer is correct

Peer influence increases significantly in adolescence, shaping social behavior more than in early childhood.

Question 24

Which of the following statements about learning is not correct ?

AOption (a)
Learners construct knowledge that makes sense to them.
BOption (b)
New learning depends on current understanding.
COption (c)
Social interaction hinders learning.
DOption (d)
The most meaningful learning occurs within real-world tasks.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Social interaction hinders learning.

Why this answer is correct

Social interaction actually supports and enriches learning, so saying it hinders learning is incorrect.

Question 25

As per constructivist approaches of learning, learning is facilitated when :

AOption (a)
Activities are interactive and collaborative.
BOption (b)
Content is disconnected and eccentric.
COption (c)
Pedagogy is teacher-centric and culturally indifferent.
DOption (d)
Tasks are incoherent and disorderly.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Activities are interactive and collaborative.

Why this answer is correct

Constructivism emphasizes interactive, collaborative activities where learners actively construct knowledge together.

Question 26

Assertion (A) : Though height and body build are primarily inherited characteristics, good nutrition and exercise also make a difference. Reason (R) : Heredity and environment interact in their effects on development. Choose the correct option :

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (R) are false.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Why this answer is correct

Nutrition and exercise affect inherited traits, showing heredity and environment interact; reason correctly explains the assertion.

Question 27

In an inclusive classroom, adaptations should be made in :
(a) Learning goals
(b) Teaching-learning strategies
(c) Provisioning of support
(d) Assessment

AOption (a)
(a), (b), (d)
BOption (b)
(a), (c), (d)
COption (c)
(b), (c), (d)
DOption (d)
(a), (b), (c), (d)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (b), (c), (d)

Why this answer is correct

Inclusive classrooms adapt goals, strategies, supports, and assessments to meet diverse learners’ needs.

Question 28

Which of the following does not come under the category of sensory impairments ?

AOption (a)
colour blindness
BOption (b)
dysgraphia
COption (c)
hard of hearing
DOption (d)
partial loss of vision

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

dysgraphia

Why this answer is correct

Dysgraphia is a writing difficulty, not a sensory (vision/hearing) impairment.

Question 29

National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 emphasizes on transforming assessment by :

AOption (a)
devaluing socio-cultural context of students
BOption (b)
executing summative form of assessment
COption (c)
incorporating self-assessment and peer-assessment
DOption (d)
practicing unitary notion of intelligence

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

incorporating self-assessment and peer-assessment

Why this answer is correct

NEP 2020 promotes holistic, formative assessment including self and peer assessment.

Question 30

Following Lev Vygotsky's ideas, a teacher decided to give hints and cues to the students who were stuck on a given problem and let the students try to solve that problem again. By doing so, teacher is practicing the concept of .

AOption (a)
Assimilation
BOption (b)
Collective monologue
COption (c)
Functional Fixedness
DOption (d)
Scaffolding

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Scaffolding

Why this answer is correct

Providing hints and cues to support problem-solving reflects Vygotskian scaffolding.

Social Studies / Social Science (60 questions)

Question 31

The cultural unity and diversity of the present time could be applied to which of the following historical facts related to Hampi?

(a) Hampi temples were the hub of cultural activities.
(b) Devadasis (temple dancers) performed before the deity, royalty, but NOT before the masses.
(c) The Mahanavami festival, known today as Navaratri in the south, was one of the most important festivals celebrated at Hampi.

AOption (a)
(a) and (b)
BOption (b)
(b) and (c)
COption (c)
(a) and (c)
DOption (d)
(a) only

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a) and (c)

Why this answer is correct

Temples as cultural hubs and Mahanavami/Navaratri festival show both unity and diversity; devadasis performed mainly for elites, not masses.

Question 32

Consider the following Assertion and Reasons to choose the appropriate option :

Assertion : There was a huge demand for Indigo in the European Market in 17^th and 18^th Centuries.

Reason 1 : By the 17^th Century, European cloth producers persuaded their governments to relax the ban on indigo import.

Reason 2 : By the end of the 17^th Century Britain began to industrialise.

AOption (a)
Assertion and Reason 1 are correct.
BOption (b)
Assertion and Reason 2 are correct.
COption (c)
Assertion and both the Reasons are correct.
DOption (d)
Assertion is wrong, Reasons on their own are right.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Assertion and Reason 1 are correct.

Why this answer is correct

Indigo demand rose as bans were relaxed; industrialisation increased later but is not the main stated reason here.

Question 33

Water scarcity is caused by the following given factors :

(a) Water Harvesting
(b) Variation in Rainfall
(c) Contamination of water
(d) Over exploitation

Choices :

AOption (a)
(b), (c), (d)
BOption (b)
(a), (b), (d)
COption (c)
(a), (b), (c)
DOption (d)
(a), (c), (d)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(b), (c), (d)

Why this answer is correct

Variation in rainfall, contamination, and over-exploitation cause scarcity; water harvesting actually helps reduce scarcity.

Question 34

Tamil Epic Manimekalai was composed by :

AOption (a)
Ilango
BOption (b)
Sattanar
COption (c)
Kalidas
DOption (d)
Madhavi

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Sattanar

Why this answer is correct

Manimekalai, a Buddhist Tamil epic, was composed by the poet Sattanar.

Question 35

What will be the time at 90° East when it is 12.00 noon at Greenwich Meridian?

AOption (a)
7 PM
BOption (b)
6 AM
COption (c)
6 PM
DOption (d)
9 PM

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

6 PM

Why this answer is correct

Each 15° equals one hour; 90° east is 6 hours ahead of GMT, so 12 noon GMT becomes 6 PM there.

Question 36

Match the following pairs :

Crop
(a) Coffee
(b) Jute
(c) Tea
(d) Wheat

Climate
(i) high temperature, heavy rainfall
(ii) cool climate
(iii) moderate temperature and rainfall
(iv) warm and wet climate

Choices :

(a) (b) (c) (d)

AOption (a)
(i) (iv) (iii) (ii)
BOption (b)
(ii) (iii) (iv) (i)
COption (c)
(iii) (ii) (i) (iv)
DOption (d)
(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(iv) (i) (ii) (iii)

Why this answer is correct

Coffee needs warm wet, jute high temp heavy rain, tea cool climate, wheat moderate temperature and rainfall.

Question 37

"The farmer in USA works like a businessman". Justify the statement. Choose the correct reasons :

(a) Use of Tractors, harvesters
(b) Farm size is small
(c) Automated Grain storage
(d) Use of chemical fertilizers

Choices :

AOption (a)
(a), (b), (c)
BOption (b)
(b), (c), (d)
COption (c)
(a), (b), (d)
DOption (d)
(a), (c), (d)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (c), (d)

Why this answer is correct

Business-like farming involves advanced machinery, automated storage, and chemical fertilizers; small farm size is incorrect.

Question 38

'Rampurva Bull', a finely polished stone sculpture of Mauryan period has been found from :

AOption (a)
Madhya Pradesh
BOption (b)
Uttar Pradesh
COption (c)
Bihar
DOption (d)
Jharkhand

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Bihar

Why this answer is correct

Rampurva Bull is a Mauryan polished stone sculpture discovered in Bihar.

Question 39

Which one of the following is NOT a permanent wind? Choose the correct answer :

AOption (a)
Trade Winds
BOption (b)
Monsoons
COption (c)
Westerlies
DOption (d)
Easterlies

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Monsoons

Why this answer is correct

Monsoons are seasonal, not permanent winds; the others are permanent planetary winds.

Question 40

Analyze the following historical claims with reference to the relation between Tribes, Nomads and settled communities. Choose the appropriate option.

(a) Varna based society did not interact with the tribal people at all. The rigidity was due to caste system.
(b) There were tribes that rejected both the caste system and orthodox Hinduism.
(c) Some tribes established extensive states with well organised systems of administration.
(d) Political power brought them in conflict with larger Kingdoms.

AOption (a)
(a), (b) and (c) are valid.
BOption (b)
(b), (c) and (d) are valid.
COption (c)
(c), (d) and (a) are valid.
DOption (d)
(d), (a) and (b) are valid.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(b), (c) and (d) are valid.

Why this answer is correct

Varna groups did interact with tribes; tribes often rejected caste, formed states, and clashed with kingdoms.

Question 41

In reference to Panchayati Raj, which of the following sequence is in correct hierarchical order?

AOption (a)
Panchayat Samiti - Gram Panchayat - Gram Sabha - Zila Parishad
BOption (b)
Gram Sabha - Panchayat Samiti - Gram Panchayat - Zila Parishad
COption (c)
Gram Panchayat - Panchayat Samiti - Gram Sabha - Zila Parishad
DOption (d)
Gram Sabha - Gram Panchayat - Panchayat Samiti - Zila Parishad

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Gram Sabha - Gram Panchayat - Panchayat Samiti - Zila Parishad

Why this answer is correct

Hierarchy: Gram Sabha (all voters) → Gram Panchayat → Panchayat Samiti → Zila Parishad (district).

Question 42

Celestial bodies in our solar system having their own heat and light are :

AOption (a)
Planets
BOption (b)
Satellites
COption (c)
Meteoroids
DOption (d)
Stars

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Stars

Why this answer is correct

Stars generate their own heat and light; other listed bodies only reflect light.

Question 43

"The progress of any nation is dependent upon the unity of different social and political groups. Political parties should be mindful of this unity during the competitive electoral politics." Which of the following major development/s within the national movement attest the above mentioned assertion?

(a) During the Rowlatt Satyagraha, the participants tried to ensure that Hindus and Muslims were united in the fight against British rule.
(b) From the late 1930s, the League began viewing the Muslims as a separate "nation" from the Hindus.
(c) The Congress's rejection of the League's desire to form a joint Congress - League government in the United Provinces in 1937.

AOption (a)
(a) and (b)
BOption (b)
(b) and (c)
COption (c)
(c) and (a)
DOption (d)
(c) only

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Why this answer is correct

(a) shows unity effort; (c) shows political tension undermining unity; both illustrate the assertion.

Question 44

Which means of communication has the most important role in making world a large global society?

AOption (a)
Mass Media
BOption (b)
Messages through Pigeons
COption (c)
Satellite communication
DOption (d)
Postal services

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Mass Media

Why this answer is correct

Mass media (TV, radio, internet, press) connects and informs people globally, shaping a global society.

Question 45

The Satnami movement in Central India was founded by :

AOption (a)
Haridas Thakur
BOption (b)
Shri Narayan Guru
COption (c)
Ghasidas
DOption (d)
Jyotirao Phule

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Ghasidas

Why this answer is correct

The Satnami movement in Central India was started by Ghasidas among marginalized communities.

Question 46

Biotic and Abiotic conditions existing on the earth form : (Choose the appropriate category) :

AOption (a)
Natural Environment
BOption (b)
Environment Management
COption (c)
Human Made Environment
DOption (d)
Human Environment

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Natural Environment

Why this answer is correct

Biotic and abiotic components together constitute the natural environment of the Earth.

Question 47

Which of the following is not an example of discrimination?

AOption (a)
Preventing a group of people from taking water from a common well
BOption (b)
Not allowing a group of people to drink tea in same cups as others
COption (c)
Stopping someone from living in certain nighbourhood
DOption (d)
Asking a boy not to cry as boys don't cry

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Asking a boy not to cry as boys don't cry

Why this answer is correct

Telling a boy not to cry is gender stereotyping, not discrimination in access or rights.

Question 48

Assertion : "The process of India becoming a nation was a long drawn one. Emergence of political consciousness and the resulting political associations take time. India did not one day wake up to independence in 1947". Choose the appropriate evidence as reason.

(a) The consciousness of British control over the resources of India began to be clearly stated by political association formed after 1850.
(b) The political associations worked with the idea that the people should be sovereign.
(c) Poona Sarvajanik Sabha, Madras Mahajan Sabha functioned in specific parts of the country and catered to the specific region, community and class.
(d) The Ilbert Bill controversy deepened the desire for an all India organisation of educated Indians.

AOption (a)
(a) and (b) only
BOption (b)
(c) and (d) only
COption (c)
(a), (b) and (c) only
DOption (d)
(a), (b) and (d) only

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (b) and (d) only

Why this answer is correct

(a), (b), and (d) show long-term political awakening; (c) is too region-specific for national emergence.

Question 49

Sufficient Rainfall on the earth surface is very important for following reasons :

(a) Survival of plants and animals.
(b) Brings fresh water to the Earth's surface.
(c) It brings droughts.
(d) Most of the ground water comes from rainfall.

Choices :

AOption (a)
(a), (b), (d) are correct.
BOption (b)
(a), (b), (c) are correct.
COption (c)
(b), (c), (d) are correct.
DOption (d)
(a), (c), (d) are correct.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (b), (d) are correct.

Why this answer is correct

Rainfall supports life, provides fresh surface water, and replenishes groundwater; it does not directly bring droughts.

Question 50

Which of the following places in India is known as 'Little Tibet'?

AOption (a)
Bodhgaya
BOption (b)
Ladakh
COption (c)
Arunachal Pradesh
DOption (d)
Dharmshala

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Ladakh

Why this answer is correct

Ladakh is called ‘Little Tibet’ due to its Tibetan culture, Buddhism, and similar landscape.

Question 51

In the following, how many have been matched incorrectly?

(a) Kol rebellion - 1831-32
(b) Santhal revolt - 1855
(c) Bastar rebellion - 1920
(d) Warli revolt - 1939

AOption (a)
Only one of the above
BOption (b)
Only two of the above
COption (c)
Only three of the above
DOption (d)
None of the above

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Only three of the above

Why this answer is correct

Santhal revolt was 1855-56, Bastar 1910, Warli 1940s. Only Kol rebellion date correct; three incorrect.

Question 52

Why is the globe considered as true model of the Earth? Choose the most appropriate

Statement:

AOption (a)
It is fixed.
BOption (b)
Countries, continents and oceans are shown in correct size.
COption (c)
It is spherical in shape.
DOption (d)
It is ball like.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Countries, continents and oceans are shown in correct size.

Why this answer is correct

A globe represents countries, continents and oceans in correct relative size and shape, unlike flat maps.

Question 53

In the context of Masulipatnam, which had contacts with distant lands for trade, choose the appropriate options:
(a) In the 17^th Century, both the Dutch and English East India Companies attempted to control Masulipatnam as it became the most important port on the Andhra Coast.
(b) Dutch were people from distant lands of Denmark and Spain.
(c) The competition between trading groups such as the Golconda nobler, Persian merchants, Telugu Komati Chettis and European traders made the city prosperous.
(d) Mir Jumla, the Mughal governor began to play off the Dutch and the English against each other.

AOption (a)
(a), (b) only
BOption (b)
(c), (d) only
COption (c)
(a), (b), (c) only
DOption (d)
(c), (d), (a) only

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(c), (d), (a) only

Why this answer is correct

(a) misidentifies Dutch origin; they are from Netherlands, not Denmark and Spain. (c) and (d) are correct; (a) correct; only (b) wrong.

Question 54

In which year did James Mill publish his three volumes book titled "A History of British India"?

AOption (a)
1815
BOption (b)
1816
COption (c)
1817
DOption (d)
1818

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

1817

Why this answer is correct

James Mill’s three-volume ‘A History of British India’ was first published in 1817.

Question 55

(A): Lithosphere is the solid crust or the hard top layer of the earth.
(R): It is made up of rocks and minerals and covered by a thin layer of soil.
Choose the correct option of the following:

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) explains (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) does not explain (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
(A) is false but (R) is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) explains (A).

Why this answer is correct

Lithosphere is earth’s solid crust, and being made of rocks/minerals with soil covering explains its nature, so R correctly explains A.

Question 56

Consider the following statements of Bengal temple-building and choose the appropriate option:
(a) Temples were built to demonstrate piety.
(b) Temples were built to demonstrate power.
(c) Temples began to copy the double-roofed structure of the thatched huts.
(d) Temples began to copy the four-roofed structure of the thatched huts.

AOption (a)
Only (a), (b) and (c) are appropriate.
BOption (b)
Only (b), (c) and (d) are appropriate.
COption (c)
Only (c), (d) and (a) are appropriate.
DOption (d)
All (a), (b), (c) and (d) are appropriate.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

All (a), (b), (c) and (d) are appropriate.

Why this answer is correct

Bengal temples showed piety and power, and imitated local double-roofed and four-roofed thatched hut forms.

Question 57

How much longitudinal extent does one Time Zone of Earth of one Hour each cover?

AOption (a)
45°
BOption (b)
30°
COption (c)
15°
DOption (d)
60°

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

15°

Why this answer is correct

Earth rotates 360° in 24 hours, so each one‑hour time zone spans 15° of longitude.

Question 58

A river makes waterfalls while flowing in the mountains. Select the two main reasons for the waterfalls:
(a) River moves in between trees.
(b) River flows over very hard rocks.
(c) River moves over soft rocks.
(d) River flows down a steep valley.

AOption (a)
(a) and (c) are correct.
BOption (b)
(b) and (d) are correct.
COption (c)
(a) and (d) are correct.
DOption (d)
(b) and (c) are correct.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(b) and (d) are correct.

Why this answer is correct

Waterfalls form where rivers flow over very hard rock and descend steep valleys, causing sudden drops.

Question 59

The first cotton mill in India was set up as a spinning mill in Bombay in the year:

AOption (a)
1852
BOption (b)
1853
COption (c)
1854
DOption (d)
1855

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

1854

Why this answer is correct

The first Indian cotton spinning mill, Bombay Spinning and Weaving Company, started in 1854.

Question 60

Dispel the misconceptions to arrive at appropriate conclusions with regard to changes in the colonial agrarian policies.
(a) As Diwan, the Company became the chief administrator of the territory under its control.
(b) After 1765 Company had to think of administering the land and organising its revenue resources.
(c) Before 1765, the Company purchased goods in India by importing huge quantities of grain from Britain.
(d) After 1765, the revenue collected in Bengal could finance the purchase of goods for export.

AOption (a)
(a), (b) only
BOption (b)
(b), (c) only
COption (c)
(a), (d) only
DOption (d)
(b), (d) only

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(b), (d) only

Why this answer is correct

After 1765 Company had to administer land and used Bengal revenue to finance export purchases.

Question 61

Which of the following are institutional sources of debts in rural India?
(a) Moneylenders
(b) Cooperatives
(c) Government Banks
(d) Landlords

AOption (a)
Only (a) and (c)
BOption (b)
Only (b) and (c)
COption (c)
Only (a) and (d)
DOption (d)
Only (a), (b) and (d)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Only (b) and (c)

Why this answer is correct

Institutional sources are formal organisations; cooperatives and government banks qualify, moneylenders and landlords are non-institutional.

Question 62

Which of the following are examples of intervention in religion by state as laid out in the Indian Constitution?


(a)	Abolition of untouchability	(b)	Prohibition of child labour
(c)	Ban on child marriage	(d)	Laying out Vishakha guidelines

AOption (a)
Only (a) and (b)
BOption (b)
Only (b) and (c)
COption (c)
Only (a) and (c)
DOption (d)
Only (b) and (d)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Only (a) and (c)

Why this answer is correct

Untouchability abolition and child marriage ban directly regulate religiously sanctioned practices; child labour and Vishakha address labour and workplace issues.

Question 63

Below are two statements, read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:

Statement I: Fieldwork, project work and group activities should form the basis of teaching-learning in Social Sciences.
Statement II: Projects having direct link with the local community may be encouraged to develop curiosity in Social Sciences teaching-learning.

AOption (a)
Both the Statement I and Statement II are true.
BOption (b)
Both the Statement I and Statement II are false.
COption (c)
Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
DOption (d)
Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both the Statement I and Statement II are true.

Why this answer is correct

Active methods like fieldwork and community-linked projects promote meaningful, inquiry-based Social Science learning.

Question 64

Read the following statements and choose the correct option:

Statement (A): The work done by the public works department of the government do not need the approval of the members of the legislative assembly.
Statement (B): People elect the members of the legislative assembly as their representatives.

AOption (a)
(A) is true, (B) is false.
BOption (b)
(A) is false, (B) is true.
COption (c)
Both (A) and (B) are true and (B) is the reason for (A).
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (B) are true, but (B) is not the reason for (A).

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(A) is false, (B) is true.

Why this answer is correct

PWD works need legislative approval via budget; MLAs are elected representatives, so A is false, B is true.

Question 65

As a teacher of Social Science, which of the following will you be careful about while discussing issues like gender discrimination and caste discrimination?
(a) Encouraging speaking up in the class.
(b) Making students learn to listen to the others.
(c) Non-acceptance of conflicts in the classroom.
(d) Developing an atmosphere of trust in the classroom.

AOption (a)
(a), (b), (c)
BOption (b)
(b), (c), (d)
COption (c)
(a), (c), (d)
DOption (d)
(a), (b), (d)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (b), (d)

Why this answer is correct

Teachers should foster speaking up, listening, and trust; conflicts shouldn’t be automatically rejected but handled constructively.

Question 66

Below are two statements, read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:

Statement I: In school, summative assessment has more visibility.
Statement II: Summative assessment checks the learning outcomes at the end of a grade or unit or a term.

AOption (a)
Both the Statement I and Statement II are true.
BOption (b)
Both the Statement I and Statement II are false.
COption (c)
Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
DOption (d)
Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both the Statement I and Statement II are true.

Why this answer is correct

Summative assessments are most visible in schools and they evaluate learning outcomes at the end of a grade, unit, or term.

Question 67

Consider the following in-text question "Fill in the blank" given in the chapter on urban administration:

In a Municipal Corporation, the elected members are called ________.

Which of the following abilities/skills is being tested here?

AOption (a)
Summarizing
BOption (b)
Classification
COption (c)
Explanation
DOption (d)
Remembering

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Remembering

Why this answer is correct

The question asks recall of a specific term; it tests memory of factual information, i.e., remembering.

Question 68

'Boys are into sports whereas girls are into arts and crafts'. What does this statement reflect?

AOption (a)
Tradition
BOption (b)
Prejudices
COption (c)
Stereotypes
DOption (d)
Difference

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Stereotypes

Why this answer is correct

The statement assigns fixed roles based on gender, reflecting a stereotype rather than an individual difference or tradition.

Question 69

An important element in the Social Science classroom is the acknowledgement of India's diversity. Which of the following traits should you develop as a Social Science teacher and also consciously inculcate in students so that this diversity is truly appreciated?
(a) Reciting slogans about unity
(b) Being sensitive and respectful while talking about cultures which are different from one's own
(c) Constantly reflecting on one's prejudices which might arise from one's social location in society

Choose the most appropriate option:

AOption (a)
Only (a)
BOption (b)
Only (a) and (b)
COption (c)
Only (a) and (c)
DOption (d)
Only (b) and (c)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Only (b) and (c)

Why this answer is correct

True appreciation of diversity needs sensitivity to other cultures and reflection on one’s own prejudices, not just slogan recitation.

Question 70

Which of the following purpose Indian Constitution does not serve to?

AOption (a)
Delineate the ideals a country should uphold
BOption (b)
Keep itself static so that the structures in the society remain unchanged
COption (c)
Coordination among different communities to live together
DOption (d)
Give rights to the citizens against individuals and communities

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Keep itself static so that the structures in the society remain unchanged

Why this answer is correct

The Constitution is designed to be adaptable, not static; it allows societal structures to change over time.

Question 71

Below are two statements, read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:

Statement I: Assessment is made continuously in educational settings.
Statement II: Assessment is a process that involves doing a number of things at different times.

AOption (a)
Both the Statement I and Statement II are true.
BOption (b)
Both the Statement I and Statement II are false.
COption (c)
Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
DOption (d)
Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both the Statement I and Statement II are true.

Why this answer is correct

Assessment in classrooms is continuous and involves multiple activities, tools, and timings, so both statements accurately describe the process.

Question 72

Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options.

Assertion (A): Like other subjects, in Social Science also learners need to be actively engaged in order to construct their own knowledge.
Reason (R): Active engagement refers to engagement of body and mind.

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
(A) is false but (R) is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Why this answer is correct

Constructivism demands active engagement; involving body and mind explains how Social Science learners construct knowledge, so reason correctly explains assertion.

Question 73

Below are two statements. Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:

Statement I: Political Science suggests dynamism that engages with processes that produces structures of domination and their contestations by social forces.
Statement II: Political Science imagines civil society as the sphere where more informed, receptive and responsible citizens could be produced.

AOption (a)
Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
BOption (b)
Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
COption (c)
Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
DOption (d)
Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both Statement I and Statement II are true.

Why this answer is correct

Political Science studies power, domination, contestation, and sees civil society as nurturing informed, responsible citizens, so both statements are correct.

Question 74

If you want to introduce your students about the difference between the Buddha statues made in Mathura (Mathura style) and Takshashila (Gandhara style), the most appropriate method would be:

AOption (a)
Discussion based on the picture given in the textbook
BOption (b)
Taking a trip to the National Museum
COption (c)
Showing a PowerPoint Presentation based on above mentioned styles
DOption (d)
Interview with an Architect

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Taking a trip to the National Museum

Why this answer is correct

A museum trip lets students directly compare original sculptures in both styles, offering concrete, visual understanding of differences.

Question 75

Which of the following provisions does not promote social justice?

AOption (a)
Special schemes for girls in government schools
BOption (b)
Special police stations
COption (c)
Equal pay for equal work
DOption (d)
Prohibition on human trafficking

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Special police stations

Why this answer is correct

Special police stations are about law and order, while the other provisions directly advance equality and protection, promoting social justice.

Question 76

Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options.

Assertion (A): In India, studying Social Science is associated more with girls than boys.
Reason (R): This type of approach to Social Sciences is indicative of a 'patriarchal and gender biased' society.

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
(A) is false but (R) is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Why this answer is correct

Social Science is stereotyped as a ‘girls’ subject; this stems from patriarchal, gender-biased social attitudes, so R explains A correctly.

Question 77

Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options.

Assertion (A): A test is a form of assessment.
Reason (R): It answers the question, either in comparison with others or in comparison with a domain of performance task.

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
(A) is false but (R) is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Why this answer is correct

Tests are assessments; they judge performance against peers or standards. The reason accurately explains why a test is an assessment form.

Question 78

While teaching your class about the government's responsibility of providing healthcare, you decide to conduct a debate between two groups of students on whether the healthcare system in the country is functioning properly or not. Which of the following is not a desirable goal of organizing a classroom debate?

AOption (a)
Enhancing student involvement and participation in class.
BOption (b)
Training students to make use of supporting evidence for their claims.
COption (c)
Improving students' abilities to see an issue from different perspectives.
DOption (d)
Teaching students to become competitive and win at any cost.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Teaching students to become competitive and win at any cost.

Why this answer is correct

Debates aim at participation, evidence use, and perspective-taking, not promoting win-at-any-cost competitiveness, which undermines educational values.

Question 79

Which of the following methods may be used for improving the national standards of Social Science education to meet the challenges of global competition?
(a) Identifying learning outcomes.
(b) Developing innovative and improved evaluation tools.
(c) Designing centralized, standardized and singular courses.
(d) Developing audio-visual and multimedia based interactive study material.

AOption (a)
(a), (b), (c)
BOption (b)
(b), (c), (d)
COption (c)
(a), (c), (d)
DOption (d)
(a), (b), (d)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (b), (d)

Why this answer is correct

Improvement involves clear outcomes, better evaluation tools, and rich multimedia material; centralized, singular courses restrict diversity and adaptability.

Question 80

Which of the following is/are correct in the context of testing?
(a) It is carried out on skills related to a particular subject.
(b) It is usually done by posing a set of questions in a uniform manner.
(c) It is an unsystematic procedure for measuring the students' understanding of a particular content or subject.

AOption (a)
Only (a)
BOption (b)
Only (c)
COption (c)
Only (a) and (b)
DOption (d)
Only (b) and (c)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Only (a) and (b)

Why this answer is correct

Testing focuses on subject-related skills and uses uniformly posed questions; it is systematic, so statement (c) is incorrect.

Question 81

Below are two statements, read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:

Statement I: Social (Studies) Science became part of the official curriculum in modern India only with the Basic Education programme of Gandhiji.
Statement II: The Secondary Education Commission provided the official recognition to the subject Social (Studies) Science at an all India level.

AOption (a)
Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
BOption (b)
Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
COption (c)
Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
DOption (d)
Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

Why this answer is correct

Social Science entered curriculum before Basic Education; the Secondary Education Commission formally recognized it nationally, so only Statement II is true.

Question 82

Democracy or equity should be taught:

AOption (a)
only by covering these as knowledge areas.
BOption (b)
only by make these as part of classroom process.
COption (c)
by covering these as knowledge areas but not by make these as part of classroom process.
DOption (d)
by covering these as knowledge areas as well as part of classroom process.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

by covering these as knowledge areas as well as part of classroom process.

Why this answer is correct

Democracy and equity need both conceptual teaching and lived classroom practice to truly shape students’ attitudes and behaviour.

Question 83

Which of the following statements on markets are true?
(a) In weekly markets, things are available in cheaper rates because the shop owners purchase directly from the producers.
(b) Phone and internet shopping have caused losses to the neighbourhood shops.
(c) The goods sold in permanent shops are often costly because the shop owners have to bear the expenditure of rent, electricity, government fees etc.

Options:

AOption (a)
Only (a) and (b)
BOption (b)
Only (b) and (c)
COption (c)
Only (a) and (c)
DOption (d)
(a), (b) and (c)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (b) and (c)

Why this answer is correct

Weekly markets are cheaper, online shopping impacts local shops, and permanent shops have higher overheads, so all three statements are correct.

Question 84

Which of the following actions would not be helpful in addressing the marginalisation of certain community?

AOption (a)
Social movement
BOption (b)
Government policy
COption (c)
Mainstreamization
DOption (d)
Protecting cultural diversity

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Mainstreamization

Why this answer is correct

Mainstreamization often dilutes distinct identities instead of empowering marginalized communities; the others directly support marginalized groups.

Question 85

Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options.

Assertion (A): Conventional Social Science teaching emphasizes learning about societies and times without reference to the child's actual lived experiences.
Reason (R): Converting sets of 'Social Science facts' into processes of social inquiry has been a major strength of the texts (based on NCF - 2005).

AOption (a)
Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).
BOption (b)
Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).
COption (c)
(A) is true but (R) is false.
DOption (d)
(A) is false but (R) is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A).

Why this answer is correct

Both statements are true; NCF-2005 texts improve inquiry but do not directly explain conventional teaching’s neglect of lived experiences.

Question 86

Which of the following is true in context of representative democracy in India?

AOption (a)
People exercising franchise
BOption (b)
Direct participation of people
COption (c)
Indirect participation of the representatives
DOption (d)
Dual citizenship

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Indirect participation of the representatives

Why this answer is correct

In representative democracy, elected representatives participate and make decisions on behalf of the people, not direct participation.

Question 87

Which of the following will help in developing better teaching learning environment in Social Science classrooms?
(a) Development of reference libraries.
(b) Creation of flexible school timings.
(c) Accessibility to disseminative technologies only.
(d) Development of study material in regional languages.

AOption (a)
(a), (b), (c)
BOption (b)
(b), (c), (d)
COption (c)
(a), (c), (d)
DOption (d)
(a), (b), (d)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a), (b), (d)

Why this answer is correct

Reference libraries, flexible school timings, and regional language materials enrich Social Science learning; technology alone is insufficient.

Question 88

Below are two statements, read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:

Statement I: It would be easy to promote equity and democracy through a classroom where teachers do not allow children to ask question.
Statement II: It would be difficult to promote equity and democracy through a classroom where varying opinions are encouraged to be voiced and debated.

AOption (a)
Both Statement I and Statement II are true.
BOption (b)
Both Statement I and Statement II are false.
COption (c)
Statement I is true but Statement II is false.
DOption (d)
Statement I is false but Statement II is true.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Both Statement I and Statement II are false.

Why this answer is correct

Equity and democracy need questioning and diverse opinions; discouraging questions and debate hinders them.

Question 89

It is important to share examples of 'plurality of people' in a community in the Social Science textbooks because:

AOption (a)
it ensures oversimplification of community.
BOption (b)
it ensures labelling of community.
COption (c)
it facilitates in judging the community.
DOption (d)
it facilitates in generating portrayals of local community.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

it facilitates in generating portrayals of local community.

Why this answer is correct

Plurality examples help portray diverse local communities realistically, avoiding simplification, labelling or judgment.

Question 90

Which of the following feature of the Indian Constitution does not allow the legislature and the executive to interfere in the work of the judiciary?

AOption (a)
Right to freedom
BOption (b)
Right against exploitation
COption (c)
Federalism
DOption (d)
Separation of powers

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Separation of powers

Why this answer is correct

Separation of powers keeps judiciary independent from interference by legislature and executive.

Language I (Hindi) (30 questions)

Question 91

मनुष्य के जीवन के शुरुआती एक-दो वर्ष तक किताब की कोई कल्पना नहीं होती। धीरे-धीरे किताबें उनके जीवन में आती हैं। हम किताब किसे कहेंगे ? सामान्यतः कुछ ऐसे पन्ने जिन पर कुछ लिखा हो या छपा हो और उन्हें इकट्ठा कर एक ओर से बाँध दिया जाए तो वह पुस्तक कहलाएगी। किताब की शुरुआत हुई ताल के पत्तों पर लिखने, इकट्ठा कर धागों से बाँधने के साथ। इन ताल पत्तों पर केवल वे ही लोग लिखते थे जिनकी लिखाई सुंदर होती थी। जो लोग सुंदर चित्रकारी कर सकते थे वे इन पर चित्र बनाते थे। इससे भी पहले की बात है, मिस्र में पपाइरस नाम के पौधे से बहुत पतला कागज बनाया जाता। उन पर लिखा जाता, चित्र बनाए जाते और इकट्ठा कर किताब तैयार की जाती। इन कागजों पर हाइरोग्लाइफ लिपि में हाथ से लिखा जाता था। छपाई की मशीन के आविष्कार के साथ किताबें मशीन से छपने लगीं।
'लिख' में कौन-सा प्रत्यय लगाकर सार्थक शब्द बनाया जा सकता है ?

AOption (a)
आवट
BOption (b)
आरी
COption (c)
आनी
DOption (d)
आहट

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Correct answer

आनी

Why this answer is correct

'लिख' में 'आनी' प्रत्यय जोड़कर 'लिखानी' सार्थक शब्द बनता है।

Question 92

गद्यांश के अनुसार किताब का सबसे पहला स्वरूप कौन-सा है ?

AOption (a)
मशीन से छपी किताब।
BOption (b)
ताल के पत्तों पर लिखी किताब।
COption (c)
पपाइरस पर मशीन से छपी किताब।
DOption (d)
पपाइरस पर हाथ से लिखी किताब।

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Correct answer

पपाइरस पर हाथ से लिखी किताब।

Why this answer is correct

गद्यांश के अनुसार सबसे पहले पपाइरस पर हाथ से लिखकर किताबें तैयार होती थीं।

Question 93

किन लोगों को ताल पत्तों पर चित्रकारी करने का काम दिया जाता था ?

AOption (a)
जिन्हें छपाई का काम आता था।
BOption (b)
जिन्हें ताल पत्तों की पहचान थी।
COption (c)
जिनकी चित्रकारी बहुत सुंदर थी।
DOption (d)
जिनकी लिखावट बहुत सुंदर थी।

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Correct answer

जिनकी चित्रकारी बहुत सुंदर थी।

Why this answer is correct

ताल पत्तों पर चित्रकारी वही लोग करते थे जिनकी चित्रकारी बहुत सुंदर थी।

Question 94

पपाइरस नाम का पौधा किस काम आता था?

AOption (a)
छपाई की मशीन बनाने के लिए।
BOption (b)
पतला कागज बनाने के लिए।
COption (c)
स्याही बनाने के लिए।
DOption (d)
वस्त्र बनाने के लिए।

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Correct answer

पतला कागज बनाने के लिए।

Why this answer is correct

पपाइरस पौधे से बहुत पतला कागज बनाया जाता था।

Question 95

भिन्न वाक्य की पहचान करें।

AOption (a)
किताब की कोई कल्पना नहीं होती।
BOption (b)
किताब की शुरुआत हुई ताल के पत्तों पर लिखकर उन्हें बाँधने से।
COption (c)
समस्त संसार किताबें पढ़ता है।
DOption (d)
किताबें मशीन से छपने लगीं।

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Correct answer

समस्त संसार किताबें पढ़ता है।

Why this answer is correct

'समस्त संसार किताबें पढ़ता है' गद्यांश से असंबंधित अलग (भिन्न) वाक्य है।

Question 96

पतले कागजों पर किस लिपि में लिखा जाता था ?

AOption (a)
हाइरोग्लाइफ
BOption (b)
देवनागरी
COption (c)
रोमन
DOption (d)
ब्राह्मी

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Correct answer

हाइरोग्लाइफ

Why this answer is correct

पतले कागजों पर प्राचीन मिस्र में हाइरोग्लाइफ लिपि में लिखा जाता था।

Question 97

सामान्यतः मनुष्य का किताब से परिचय किस अवस्था में होने लगता है?

AOption (a)
विद्यालयी शिक्षा प्रारंभ होने पर।
BOption (b)
जीवन के शुरुआती एक-दो वर्ष के बाद।
COption (c)
किशोरावस्था तक आते-आते।
DOption (d)
लगभग तीन वर्ष की अवस्था में।

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Correct answer

लगभग तीन वर्ष की अवस्था में।

Why this answer is correct

बच्चों का किताब से परिचय सामान्यतः लगभग तीन वर्ष की अवस्था में शुरू होता है।

Question 98

कौन-सा शब्द समूह से भिन्न है ?

AOption (a)
पतले - पतले
BOption (b)
धीरे - धीरे
COption (c)
ऊँचे - ऊँचे
DOption (d)
ऊँचे - नीचे

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Correct answer

ऊँचे - नीचे

Why this answer is correct

‘ऊँचे-नीचे’ विपरीतार्थक शब्द हैं, बाकी समानार्थक या दोहराव वाले हैं।

Question 99

ताल पत्तों को किताब का स्वरूप देने के लिए कौन-से लोग लिख सकते थे ?

AOption (a)
जिनका हस्तलेखन बहुत सुंदर था।
BOption (b)
जिनके विचार बहुत सुंदर थे।
COption (c)
जिनकी चित्रकारी बहुत सुंदर थी।
DOption (d)
जिनके पास सुंदर ताल पत्र थे।

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Correct answer

जिनका हस्तलेखन बहुत सुंदर था।

Why this answer is correct

ताल पत्रों पर लिखने के लिए सुंदर हस्तलेखन वाले लोग चुनकर लिखते थे।

Question 100

यह धरती कितना देती है ! धरती माता कितना देती है अपनी संतान को ! नहीं समझ पाया था मैं उसके महत्त्व को ! बचपन में, छिः, स्वार्थ लोभवश पैसे बोकर ! रत्न प्रसविनी है वसुधा, अब समझ सका हूँ ! इसमें सच्ची समता के दाने बोने हैं, इसमें जन की क्षमता के दाने बोने हैं, इसमें मानव ममता के दाने बोने हैं, जिससे उगल सके फिर धूल सुनहली फसलें मानवता की - जीवन श्रम से हँसें दिशाएँ हम जैसा बोएँगे वैसा ही पाएँगे।
'वसुधा' का समानार्थी है :

AOption (a)
अंबा
BOption (b)
समीर
COption (c)
सरिता
DOption (d)
धरा

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Correct answer

धरा

Why this answer is correct

‘वसुधा’ का समानार्थी ‘धरा’ है, दोनों का अर्थ पृथ्वी/धरती है।

Question 101

'रत्न प्रसविनी' का क्या अर्थ है ?

AOption (a)
रत्नों को धारण करना।
BOption (b)
रत्नों का क्रय-विक्रय करना।
COption (c)
रत्नों का संरक्षण करना।
DOption (d)
रत्नों को जन्म देना।

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Correct answer

रत्नों को जन्म देना।

Why this answer is correct

'रत्न प्रसविनी' का अर्थ रत्नों को जन्म देना है, प्रसविनी यानी जन्म देने वाली।

Question 102

रचनाकार ने बचपन में कौन-सी फसल बोई थी?

AOption (a)
ममता की
BOption (b)
समानता की
COption (c)
धन की
DOption (d)
मानवता की

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Correct answer

ममता की

Why this answer is correct

कवि ने बचपन में ममता की फसल बोने की बात कही है।

Question 103

रचनाकार स्वयं को किस बात के लिए धिक्कार रहा है ?

AOption (a)
श्रम के महत्व की समझ न बन पाने के लिए।
BOption (b)
धरती माँ के महत्व को न समझ पाने के लिए।
COption (c)
मानवीय गुणों का आचरण न कर पाने के लिए।
DOption (d)
किसी भी तरह की फसल न बो पाने के लिए।

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Correct answer

मानवीय गुणों का आचरण न कर पाने के लिए।

Why this answer is correct

रचनाकार खुद को मानवीय गुणों का आचरण न कर पाने के लिए धिक्कारता है।

Question 104

रचनाकार ने धरती माता की संतान किसे कहा है ?

AOption (a)
समस्त मानव जाति को।
BOption (b)
समस्त वनस्पति को।
COption (c)
समग्र जल राशि को।
DOption (d)
समग्र रत्न राशि को।

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Correct answer

समस्त मानव जाति को।

Why this answer is correct

कवि धरती माता की संतान के रूप में समस्त मानव जाति को मानता है।

Question 105

'हम जैसा बोएँगे वैसा ही पाएँगें' कविता की इस पंक्ति के भाव वाले मुहावरे का चयन करें :

AOption (a)
जैसी करनी वैसी भरनी।
BOption (b)
गेहूँ के साथ घुन पिसना।
COption (c)
खून पसीना एक करना।
DOption (d)
छाती पर मूँग दलना।

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Correct answer

जैसी करनी वैसी भरनी।

Why this answer is correct

'हम जैसा बोएँगे वैसा ही पाएँगे' का भाव 'जैसी करनी वैसी भरनी' मुहावरे में है।

Question 106

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा संस्थागत लेखन के अन्तर्गत नहीं आएगा?

AOption (a)
संवेदना (शोक संबंधी) टिप्पणी
BOption (b)
व्यापारिक पत्र
COption (c)
जीवन वृत्त परिचय (सी.वी.)
DOption (d)
समीक्षाएँ

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Correct answer

संवेदना (शोक संबंधी) टिप्पणी

Why this answer is correct

संस्थागत लेखन औपचारिक/प्रशासकीय होता है; संवेदना टिप्पणी निजी भावात्मक लेखन है, संस्थागत नहीं।

Question 107

भाषा अर्जन और भाषा अधिगम में सहजात परिकल्पना से क्या तात्पर्य है?

AOption (a)
यह इस विचार बिन्दु को निरस्त करती है कि सभी भाषाओं में व्याकरण है और सभी बच्चे भाषा अपने तरीकों से सीखते हैं।
BOption (b)
यह इस तथ्य में विश्वास रखती है कि सभी मनुष्य भाषा शारीरिक ड्रिल और अनुकूलन के माध्यम से सीख सकते हैं।
COption (c)
यह इस तथ्य में विश्वास रखती है कि सभी मनुष्य जन्म से ही भाषा ज्ञान रखते हैं।
DOption (d)
यह इस तथ्य में विश्वास रखती है कि भाषा आदत निर्माण के रूप में सीखी जाती है।

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Correct answer

यह इस तथ्य में विश्वास रखती है कि सभी मनुष्य जन्म से ही भाषा ज्ञान रखते हैं।

Why this answer is correct

सहजात परिकल्पना मानती है कि मनुष्य जन्म से ही भाषा क्षमता/ज्ञान लेकर आते हैं।

Question 108

'विषय अभिमुखी भाषा निवेश' किससे संबंधित है ?

AOption (a)
वह भाषा निवेश जो इस बात पर बल देता है कि भाषा का प्रयोग कैसे किया जाता है।
BOption (b)
निवेश और इसकी प्रक्रियाओं की प्रस्तुति।
COption (c)
वह भाषा निवेश जो सूचनाओं पर बल देता है।
DOption (d)
शब्दावली, उच्चारण, व्याकरण आदि।

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Correct answer

वह भाषा निवेश जो सूचनाओं पर बल देता है।

Why this answer is correct

विषय अभिमुखी भाषा निवेश में भाषा के माध्यम से सूचनाओं/विषय सामग्री पर विशेष बल होता है।

Question 109

भाषा शिक्षण का कौन-सा उपागम भाषा अधिगम के लिए एक आधार (नींव) के रूप में शब्दों और शब्द समूहों की अनुशंसा करता है ?

AOption (a)
कार्य आधारित भाषा अधिगम
BOption (b)
सम्प्रेषणात्मक उपागम
COption (c)
कोश विषयक उपागम
DOption (d)
व्याकरण अनुवाद विधि

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Correct answer

कोश विषयक उपागम

Why this answer is correct

कोश विषयक उपागम शब्दों और शब्द समूहों को भाषा अधिगम की नींव मानकर उनकी सुनियोजित शिक्षा करता है।

Question 110

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा विद्यालयी शिक्षा में बहुभाषावाद का उद्देश्य नहीं है?

AOption (a)
विद्यालय में शिक्षण अधिगम के लिए शिक्षार्थियों की भाषा का प्रयोग करना।
BOption (b)
जहाँ तक संभव हो सके भाषा तथा अधिगम के माध्यम के रूप में मातृभाषा का अधिगम।
COption (c)
त्रिभाषा सूत्र के अन्तर्गत मातृभाषा, हिन्दी और अंग्रेजी का अधिगम।
DOption (d)
सभी बच्चे अपनी विद्यालयी शिक्षा अपनी मातृभाषा में आरंभ करते हैं और आगे जाकर बहुत सी भाषाएँ (कम से कम दो या अधिक) जोड़ते जाते हैं।

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Correct answer

त्रिभाषा सूत्र के अन्तर्गत मातृभाषा, हिन्दी और अंग्रेजी का अधिगम।

Why this answer is correct

बहुभाषावाद कई भाषाओं के लचीले प्रयोग पर बल देता; केवल त्रिभाषा सूत्र का अधिगम इसका उद्देश्य नहीं।

Question 111

वाणी नामक विद्यार्थी किसी एक पाठ्य सामग्री का सामान्य सा परिचय (ओवर व्यू) जानने के लिए एक आलेख पढ़ती है। उसके इस पठन को किस रूप में जाना जाएगा ?

AOption (a)
निष्कर्ष निकालना (इंफ्रेन्शियल)
BOption (b)
बारीकी से पठन (स्कैनिंग)
COption (c)
सरसरी तौर पर पठन (स्किमिंग)
DOption (d)
समालोचनात्मक पठन

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Correct answer

सरसरी तौर पर पठन (स्किमिंग)

Why this answer is correct

सामान्य परिचय के लिए तेज़ी से मुख्य बात समझना सरसरी तौर पर पठन यानी स्किमिंग है।

Question 112

विद्यालय आधारित आकलन को समुन्नत करने के लिए दो उपयुक्त कथनों का चयन करें।
(a) यह शिक्षार्थी और अध्यापक दोनों में ही स्वायत्ता को समुन्नत करने में मदद करता है।
(b) यह विद्यालय को अपनी ओर से योजना बनाने के लिए संभावनाएँ जुटाता है।
(c) यह परीक्षा बोर्ड की सत्ता का हनन करता है।
(d) यह आकलन की योजना बनाने की प्रक्रिया में शिक्षार्थी को एक सक्रिय प्रतिभागी के रूप में शामिल नहीं करता है।

AOption (a)
(a) और (b)
BOption (b)
(b) और (c)
COption (c)
(c) और (d)
DOption (d)
(d) और (a)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(a) और (b)

Why this answer is correct

विद्यालय आधारित आकलन स्वायत्तता बढ़ाता और विद्यालय को अपनी योजना बनाने के अवसर देता है; (a) एवं (b) सही हैं।

Question 113

कौन-सा शैक्षिक दर्शन निम्नलिखित की अनुशंसा करता है? निर्देश के पूर्व निर्धारित क्रमों के स्थान पर वास्तविक जीवन परिवेश या केस आधारित अधिगम का प्रयोग अधिगम परिवेश के रूप में।

AOption (a)
प्राकृतवाद (नेटीविज़्म)
BOption (b)
रचनावाद
COption (c)
श्रृव्य भाषावाद
DOption (d)
संज्ञानवाद

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

रचनावाद

Why this answer is correct

रचनावाद वास्तविक जीवन, संदर्भित और केस आधारित अधिगम से ज्ञान निर्माण पर बल देता है।

Question 114

कक्षा छह का शिक्षार्थी राहुल व्याकरण के नए नियम सीखते समय अपने पहले से सीखे गए से जुड़ाव बना पाता है। कौन-सी युक्ति इसके अन्तर्गत आएगी ?

AOption (a)
खोजबीन संबंधी युक्तियाँ
BOption (b)
संज्ञानात्मक युक्तियाँ
COption (c)
अधिसंज्ञानात्मक युक्तियाँ
DOption (d)
संज्ञानात्मक और अधिसंज्ञानात्मक दोनों प्रकार की युक्तियाँ

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

संज्ञानात्मक युक्तियाँ

Why this answer is correct

पूर्व ज्ञान से नए नियम जोड़ना संज्ञानात्मक युक्ति है, क्योंकि यह मानसिक प्रक्रियाओं से सीख को संगठित करता है।

Question 115

कक्षा सात की अध्यापक सात वाक्यों वाली एक संक्षिप्त पाठ्य सामग्री पढ़ती है। तत्पश्चात् वह अपने शिक्षार्थियों को सावधानीपूर्वक सुनने और इसके जैसी अर्थ देने वाली मगर बिलकुल ऐसी नहीं पाठ्य सामग्री पुनः सृजित करने के लिए कहती है। इस युक्ति को क्या कहा जाएगा ?

AOption (a)
स्कीमा सृजन
BOption (b)
शीर्ष अधोगामी (टॉप डाउन)
COption (c)
बॉटम अप युक्ति
DOption (d)
अनुच्छेद श्रुतलेख

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

अनुच्छेद श्रुतलेख

Why this answer is correct

सुनी गई सामग्री जैसी अर्थ वाली नई सामग्री लिखवाना अनुच्छेद श्रुतलेख कहलाता है।

Question 116

अधिगम प्रतिफलों के उद्देश्य के संबंध में कौन-सा कथन सही है?
(a) विषयवस्तु केन्द्रित अधिगम की तुलना में दक्षता आधारित अधिगम को समुन्नत करना।
(b) भाषा के रचनात्मक प्रयोगकर्ता होने के लिए आवश्यक भाषा कौशलों में निपुणता प्राप्त करने लिए शिक्षार्थियों को सक्षम बनाना।
(c) विषयवस्तु में निपुणता और बाद में उसे प्रयोग में लाने की योग्यता।
(d) विशिष्ट उद्देश्यों के लिए भाषा का प्रयोग सीखने हेतु शिक्षार्थियों को सक्षम बनाना।

AOption (a)
केवल (c) सही है।
BOption (b)
(b) और (c) सही हैं।
COption (c)
(d) और (c) सही हैं।
DOption (d)
(a) और (d) सही हैं।

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

(b) और (c) सही हैं।

Why this answer is correct

अधिगम प्रतिफल भाषा कौशल में निपुणता और विषयवस्तु में महारत तथा उसके प्रयोग की योग्यता पर केंद्रित होते हैं।

Question 117

व्याकरण अधिगम के संदर्भ में कौन-सा कथन सर्वाधिक उपयुक्त तरीके से 'प्रक्रियात्मक ज्ञान' का वर्णन करता है?

AOption (a)
नियमों को जानना।
BOption (b)
व्याकरण नियम क्या है और कैसे प्रयोग करना है, यह जानना।
COption (c)
व्याकरण के नियमों को जानना और बाद में उनका प्रयोग करना।
DOption (d)
यह समझ बनाना कि व्याकरण के नियम व्याकरण की पुस्तक में कैसे कार्य करते हैं।

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

व्याकरण नियम क्या है और कैसे प्रयोग करना है, यह जानना।

Why this answer is correct

प्रक्रियात्मक ज्ञान में नियम जानने के साथ-साथ उन्हें कैसे और कब प्रयोग करना है, यह समझ शामिल है।

Question 118

राजकीय हाईस्कूल की अंग्रेजी भाषा की अध्यापिका श्रीमती उषारानी अपने शिक्षार्थियों को दिन-प्रतिदिन के उद्देश्यों के लिए भाषा प्रयोग और सूत्रों के प्रयोगों के शिक्षण के माध्यम से अंग्रेजी भाषा बोलना सीखने में मदद करती हैं। वह अपने शिक्षार्थियों में किसके विकास की कोशिश कर रही हैं?

AOption (a)
सम्प्रेषण कौशल
BOption (b)
अन्तः वैयक्तिक कौशल
COption (c)
संज्ञानात्मक अकादमिक भाषायी निपुणता
DOption (d)
बुनियादी अन्तः वैयक्तिक सम्प्रेषण कौशल

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

बुनियादी अन्तः वैयक्तिक सम्प्रेषण कौशल

Why this answer is correct

दिन-प्रतिदिन के उद्देश्यों हेतु भाषा प्रयोग बुनियादी अन्तः वैयक्तिक सम्प्रेषण कौशल (BICS) के विकास से संबंधित है।

Question 119

एक अध्यापक कक्षा सात के शिक्षार्थियों द्वारा की गई गलतियों के विशिष्ट प्रतिमान (पैटर्न) की पहचान करती है और अपने शिक्षार्थियों को इन गलतियों के प्रति जागरूक करने के लिए माह में एक बार इन पर चर्चा करती है। अध्यापिका यह बिलकुल भी ज़ाहिर नहीं करती है कि गलतियाँ किसके द्वारा की गई हैं। वह शिक्षार्थियों को इन गलतियों पर विमर्श करने के लिए भी कहती है। इस प्रकार के अभ्यास को क्या कहेंगे ?

AOption (a)
व्याकरण का अध्ययन और संलग्नता
BOption (b)
व्याकरण शिक्षण
COption (c)
पृष्ठपोषण देना (फीडबैक)
DOption (d)
त्रुटि विश्लेषण

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

त्रुटि विश्लेषण

Why this answer is correct

गलतियों के प्रतिमानों की पहचान और उन पर चर्चा करना त्रुटि विश्लेषण कहलाता है।

Question 120

वे शब्द जिन्हें हम सुनने और देखने पर पहचानते हैं, किस रूप में जाने जाते हैं?

AOption (a)
कोश विषयक
BOption (b)
उत्पादक शब्दावली
COption (c)
ग्राहकशील शब्दावली
DOption (d)
शब्द संपदा से संलग्नता (प्रयोग)

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

ग्राहकशील शब्दावली

Why this answer is correct

सुनने-देखने पर पहचाने जाने वाले शब्द ग्राहकशील (receptive) शब्दावली के रूप में जाने जाते हैं।

Language II (English) (30 questions)

Question 121

People are drawn to vegetarianism by all sorts of motives.

Some of us want to live longer, healthier lives or do our part to reduce pollution. Others have made the switch because we want to preserve earth's natural resources or because we've always loved animals and are ethically opposed to eating them.

Vegetarianism promotes a natural way of life. But despite its implicit message of universal love and non-violence it has not spread as it should have. This may be because it usually is an inward-looking habit and is best cultivated in the mind.

Leading a vegetarian way of life helps the animal kingdom co-exist with man. The animals supply milk, manure and energy. This has been central to the Indian culture for thousands of years. A vegetarian life style is natural, multifaceted and helps self-preservation in a healthy way. Food and health are closely related.

Vegetarian foods provide an infinite variety of flavours whereas non-vegetarian foods have hardly any taste of their own. In fact, non-vegetarian foods have to be seasoned with ingredients from the vegetable kingdom to make them palatable.

Identify the clause of the underlined part of the following sentence. "A low-fat vegetarian diet is the single most effective way in which we can stop the progression of coronary artery disease."

AOption (a)
Adjective clause
BOption (b)
Noun clause
COption (c)
Adverb clause
DOption (d)
Principal clause

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Adverb clause

Why this answer is correct

“In which we can stop the progression …” modifies “way”, expressing manner; therefore it is an adverb clause.

Question 122

Which of the following is NOT a motive for people to draw to vegetarianism ?

AOption (a)
They want to live longer, healthier lives.
BOption (b)
They want to preserve earth's natural resources.
COption (c)
They oppose eating animals because of their love for them.
DOption (d)
They find vegetarian food cheaper than non-vegetarian food.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

They find vegetarian food cheaper than non-vegetarian food.

Why this answer is correct

Cheaper vegetarian food is not mentioned as a motive in the passage.

Question 123

The implicit message that vegetarianism spreads is

AOption (a)
healthier lifestyle
BOption (b)
reduction in pollution
COption (c)
natural way of life
DOption (d)
universal love and non-violence

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

universal love and non-violence

Why this answer is correct

The passage states vegetarianism carries a message of “universal love and non-violence.”

Question 124

Vegetarianism is not as popular as it should be because

AOption (a)
it promotes natural way of life
BOption (b)
it helps the animal kingdom co-exist with man
COption (c)
it is an inward looking habit and is best cultivated in the mind
DOption (d)
we want to preserve earth's natural resources

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

it is an inward looking habit and is best cultivated in the mind

Why this answer is correct

The passage says vegetarianism is inward-looking and best cultivated in the mind, limiting its spread.

Question 125

Which one of the following words is most similar in meaning to the word 'cultivated' ?

AOption (a)
loved
BOption (b)
attracted
COption (c)
developed
DOption (d)
liked

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

developed

Why this answer is correct

Here “cultivated” means developed as a habit or practice.

Question 126

Which one of the following words is opposite in meaning to the word, 'tasteless' as used in the passage ?

AOption (a)
infinite
BOption (b)
seasoned
COption (c)
taste
DOption (d)
palatable

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

palatable

Why this answer is correct

'Tasteless' means not pleasant to taste; its opposite is 'palatable', meaning pleasant and acceptable to taste.

Question 127

Identify the part of speech of the underlined word in the following expression. This has been central to the Indian Culture.

AOption (a)
Adverb
BOption (b)
Preposition
COption (c)
Pronoun
DOption (d)
Conjunction

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Preposition

Why this answer is correct

'To' in the phrase 'central to the Indian Culture' shows relation, functioning as a preposition.

Question 128

Read the following statements and state which of the options given below is correct.
(A) Vegetarianism promotes longer and healthier lives and helps to preserve earth's natural resources.
(B) Vegetarianism has not become very popular because it does not help in prevention or treatment of heart diseases.

AOption (a)
Only (A) is correct.
BOption (b)
Only (B) is correct.
COption (c)
Both (A) and (B) are correct.
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (B) are incorrect.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Only (A) is correct.

Why this answer is correct

Statement (A) aligns with known benefits of vegetarianism; statement (B) is incorrect since vegetarianism aids heart disease prevention.

Question 129

Lack of self-control has brought grief to more people than any other shortcoming known to the human race.

Every successful person must have some sort of a balance wheel for his or her emotions. When a person becomes extremely angry, certain glands triggered by negative emotions begin to empty their contents into the blood and if this is kept up for more time, it will result in serious damage to the entire system, sometimes leading to death. The blood coagulates at that time. Nature created this system for the protection of the young human race during the savage stage of development, when anger usually preceding a fight might mean opening of the veins and loss of blood.

There is a reason of developing self-control. One who lacks self-control may be easily mastered by one who has such control. Success in life is very largely a matter of harmonious negotiation with other people and this requires self-control in abundance.

The author of the 'Law of Success Philosophy' once observed a long line of angry woman in front of the 'Complaint Desk' of a large Chicago department store. The young woman who was hearing the complaints, kept cool and smiled all the time not withstanding the fact that some of the women were very abusive. One by one, this young woman directed the women to the right department and she did it with such poise that it caused the author to walk up closer where he could see just what was happening.

What did the young woman who was hearing the complaints do ?

AOption (a)
She became very angry.
BOption (b)
She kept her cool.
COption (c)
She became sad.
DOption (d)
She became impatient.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

She kept her cool.

Why this answer is correct

The passage states she remained cool, smiling and poised while handling the angry women’s complaints.

Question 130

Study the following

Statements:

(A) Lack of self-control makes people grief stricken.
(B) Harmonious negotiation with other people is required for self-control.

AOption (a)
Only (A) is correct.
BOption (b)
Only (B) is correct.
COption (c)
Both (A) and (B) are correct.
DOption (d)
Both (A) and (B) are incorrect.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Only (A) is correct.

Why this answer is correct

(A) matches the passage; (B) reverses causality—self-control is required for harmonious negotiation, not vice versa.

Question 131

What every successful person must have ?

AOption (a)
Money
BOption (b)
Prestige
COption (c)
Self-control
DOption (d)
Good environment

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Self-control

Why this answer is correct

Passage emphasizes self-control as essential for every successful person, above external factors like money or prestige.

Question 132

Which one of the following words is most similar in meaning to the phrase 'liquid getting thick' as used in the passage ?

AOption (a)
coagulate
BOption (b)
triggered
COption (c)
savage
DOption (d)
contained

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

coagulate

Why this answer is correct

'Coagulate' means a liquid becoming thick, matching the phrase in the passage.

Question 133

Harmonious negotiation is needed for

AOption (a)
success in life
BOption (b)
self-control
COption (c)
negative emotions
DOption (d)
protection of young human race

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

success in life

Why this answer is correct

Harmonious negotiation is presented as necessary for success in life in the passage.

Question 134

Identify the part of speech of the underlined word in the following sentence. "and if this kept up for some time,"

AOption (a)
Pronoun
BOption (b)
Preposition
COption (c)
Conjunction
DOption (d)
Adverb

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Conjunction

Why this answer is correct

'If' is used to join clauses, functioning as a conjunction in the sentence.

Question 135

Which one of the following words is opposite in meaning to the word 'pleasure' ?

AOption (a)
loss
BOption (b)
anger
COption (c)
grief
DOption (d)
damage

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

grief

Why this answer is correct

'Grief' is the direct opposite of pleasure, indicating deep sorrow instead of joy.

Question 136

A teacher gives the following assignment to her students of class VIII. What type of writing would this be described as ?

In pairs, brainstorm, jot down ideas and develop them into a good write-up giving two arguments in favour and two against the topic, Students do not need to have printed books any more.

AOption (a)
Personal writing
BOption (b)
Expository writing
COption (c)
Discursive writing
DOption (d)
Descriptive writing

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Discursive writing

Why this answer is correct

Discursive writing presents arguments for and against a topic, as the task requires two points in favour and two against.

Question 137

Which of the following is true of the innateness hypothesis of language acquisition and language learning ?

AOption (a)
Efforts of the parents, peers and those near to the child as well as the environment are responsible for language acquisition.
BOption (b)
Language is unique only to humans and only human who can speak a language.
COption (c)
Language faculty present in children makes them conceive language through intense practice and drilling.
DOption (d)
Language faculty present in children is responsible for the production and acquisition of language in children.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Language faculty present in children is responsible for the production and acquisition of language in children.

Why this answer is correct

Innateness hypothesis claims an inborn language faculty in children responsible for language production and acquisition.

Question 138

Which one of the following are bottom-up listening activities ?

AOption (a)
Dictation, cloze listening, use of multiple-choice questions, identifying positive and negative statements.
BOption (b)
Summarising, listening to the whole message and applying the background knowledge.
COption (c)
Rearranging the jumbled words into sentences as one listens.
DOption (d)
Recitation of poetry, extempore speech, debate and discussions.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Dictation, cloze listening, use of multiple-choice questions, identifying positive and negative statements.

Why this answer is correct

Bottom-up listening focuses on sounds and words; dictation, cloze listening, MCQs, and identifying statement polarity fit this.

Question 139

What does 'Pedagogical realization of materials' mean in language teaching ?

AOption (a)
Embedding activities and tasks to promote language pedagogy.
BOption (b)
Embedding the pedagogy into the materials to enable the teacher to adopt the pedagogy.
COption (c)
Enabling the teacher to understand the pedagogy in her classroom.
DOption (d)
To lists the various pedagogical strategies for classroom use.

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Embedding the pedagogy into the materials to enable the teacher to adopt the pedagogy.

Why this answer is correct

It means designing materials so that the intended pedagogy is built into them for teachers to naturally implement.

Question 140

'All learners in school begin their education in the mother tongue and move on to add many more languages as they move forward in school.'

What is this known as in language-in-education policy ?

AOption (a)
Culture specific language-in-education policy
BOption (b)
Three language formula for school education
COption (c)
Mother as base for language education
DOption (d)
Mother tongue-based multilingualism

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Mother tongue-based multilingualism

Why this answer is correct

This describes mother tongue-based multilingualism where education starts in the mother tongue and adds other languages progressively.

Question 141

Sandhya reads an article on machine learning to find some information. What is her reading known as ?

AOption (a)
Glancing
BOption (b)
Reviewing
COption (c)
Skimming
DOption (d)
Scanning

View answer & explanation

Correct answer

Scanning

Why this answer is correct

Scanning is reading to locate specific information in a text, as Sandhya does with the article.

Question 142

What is the following task known as ?

A piece of small text is made into two different chunks or every alternate sentence is given to a pair and each learner dictates to the other and the other writes. This process is reversed to make the other person listen and write and they can later work together to finalise the whole text.

AOption (a)
Transcreation
BOption (b)
Paragraph dictation
COption (c)
Mutual dictation
DOption (d)
Grammar dictation

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Correct answer

Mutual dictation

Why this answer is correct

Each learner dictates to the other and both write and reconstruct the text; this is mutual dictation.

Question 143

'Learning is a search for meaning. Therefore, learning must start with the issues around which learners are actively trying to make meaning.'

Which educational philosophy advocates the above idea ?

AOption (a)
Behaviourism
BOption (b)
Constructivism
COption (c)
Multiple Intelligence
DOption (d)
Structuralism

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Correct answer

Constructivism

Why this answer is correct

Constructivism views learning as meaning-making, starting from learners’ own issues and experiences.

Question 144

What do 'form oriented language inputs' refer to ?

AOption (a)
Meaning of the inputs for learning the language
BOption (b)
Use of vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar
COption (c)
Inputs which focus on information
DOption (d)
The potential of the input for learning to write

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Correct answer

Use of vocabulary, pronunciation and grammar

Why this answer is correct

Form-oriented inputs focus on language forms such as vocabulary, pronunciation, and grammar.

Question 145

Which of the following is 'assessment for learning' ?

AOption (a)
Assessments designed to monitor and improve students' progress during the teaching-learning process.
BOption (b)
Assessments designed to know students' progress at the end of the year and for consideration to promote them.
COption (c)
Assessment by the state to diagnose the achievement of learners at a particular stage.
DOption (d)
Assessment designed to monitor students' progress at the end of each term.

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Correct answer

Assessments designed to monitor and improve students' progress during the teaching-learning process.

Why this answer is correct

Assessment for learning is formative, used during teaching to monitor and improve students’ progress.

Question 146

What is productive vocabulary ?

AOption (a)
Words that we use in writing and speaking.
BOption (b)
Words that we recognize as we hear.
COption (c)
Words that we fail to recognize.
DOption (d)
Words that we may recall sometimes while listening.

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Correct answer

Words that we use in writing and speaking.

Why this answer is correct

Productive vocabulary consists of words learners can actively use in speaking and writing.

Question 147

Which one of the following statements would you NOT endorse for the teaching-learning of poetry ?

AOption (a)
Poetry is for exercising the imagination of learners.
BOption (b)
Poetry is for working with language.
COption (c)
Poetry is for pleasure.
DOption (d)
Poetry is for teaching grammar.

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Correct answer

Poetry is for teaching grammar.

Why this answer is correct

Poetry is not primarily meant for teaching grammar; it focuses on imagination, language, and pleasure.

Question 148

The language used in the classroom in the various content areas as the teacher presents and interact with students. What is this language skill known as ?

AOption (a)
Basic Interpersonal Communication Skills
BOption (b)
Language for real-life purposes
COption (c)
Language register
DOption (d)
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency

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Correct answer

Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency

Why this answer is correct

Classroom content-area language requiring academic understanding is called Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP).

Question 149

Which type of grammatical knowledge does the following statement mean ? Knowledge about the form, describing it and applying it in limited practice.

AOption (a)
Competence
BOption (b)
Metacognitive knowledge
COption (c)
Procedural knowledge
DOption (d)
Declarative knowledge

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Correct answer

Declarative knowledge

Why this answer is correct

Declarative knowledge is knowing and describing grammatical forms, applied in limited practice.

Question 150

What does the following task involve ?

Learners are given a hotel menu and they have to order food for four people for an amount of Rs. 1800/-. One is a vegetarian, and other one is allergic to mushrooms. They have to keep Rs. 70 for auto rickshaw to go back hostel. Learners are speaking about what they will order, their preferences, and keeping the money to get back to the hostel.

AOption (a)
Higher order thinking skills
BOption (b)
Study-Engage-Reflect-Use (language)
COption (c)
Cognitive strategies
DOption (d)
Present-Practice-Produce (language)

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Correct answer

Higher order thinking skills

Why this answer is correct

The task demands planning, decision-making, and problem-solving, which are higher order thinking skills.

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