CTET Paper II (Social Studies) (FEB 2026) — FEB-PAPER-2-2026-67297777 (Previous Year Paper)

Read the following

Statements:

Assertion (A) : The purpose of administering intelligence tests and extended observation should be to compare children in specific domains and abilities.
Reason (R) : Intelligence is an innate ability and cannot be nurtured.
Choose the correct option.

A teacher who consciously takes examples of scientists of all genders in her middle school classroom is trying to-

Read the following

Statements:

Assertion (A) : All girls are hardworking and sincere while boys are intelligent and dominating.
Reason (R) : Two distinctive biological brains produce all differences in physical and cognitive skills as well as personalities and temperament in girls and boys.
Choose the correct option.

Individual differences in learning preferences of students should be seen as-

The kind of assessment in which a student's scores are compared with the average performance of other students is called

Which of the following statements about classroom assessment are correct?

(i) Assessments should influence the students' cognitive processes while they study.

(ii) Assessments should serve as learning experiences in themselves.

(iii) Assessments should create fear and stress among students to get them to learn.

(iv) Assessments should be standardized and norm-referenced.
Choose the correct option.

Which of the following questions would promote higher-order critical and analytical thinking skills among the students?

Read the following

Statements:

Assertion (A) : Students with poor writing abilities are often stereotyped by their teachers as 'intellectually disabled'.
Reason (R) : Teachers tend to have implicit bias and hold assumptions about students' learning behaviours that can affect students' growth.
Choose the correct option.

Which of the following is not a way to promote diversity in the classroom?

Which of the following is the correct match of learning disability and challenge caused by it?

Students struggling with 'autism' show ease at

Which of the following statements is not correct about gifted children?

Error analysis by students

Which of the following statements is correct regarding declarative knowledge and procedural knowledge?

Contents which require an extension or modification of existing cognitive structures take time for learning and are retained for _ duration.

Read the following

Statements:

Assertion (A) : Teachers should encourage children to focus on questions such as "what is my learning goal and what do I need to do to get there".
Reason (R) : When students understand how to self-assess their work performance, they can use this understanding to help themselves learn and progress.
Choose the correct option.

In guided discovery approach of learning

Which of the following strategies is not effective while developing conceptual understanding in children?

An active middle school classroom should be founded on the theoretical principles of

Read the following

Statements:

Assertion (A) : Empathy depends on the ability to understand that others have feelings and to gauge their feelings.
Reason (R) : Emotions and cognition are not related to each other.
Choose the correct option.

A middle school teacher can enable students become strategic self-motivated learners by-

Which of the following exemplifies intrinsic motivation?

Which debate is highlighted in the following question?
"Does an individual's biologically determined sex bring with it all the characteristics that define one's socially constructed gender?"

A major developmental task during _ is the search for identity-personal, sexual and occupational.

Read the following

Statements:

Assertion (A) : Children learn values and norms of the society in overt as well as covert ways.
Reason (R) : Socialization is the simple process of passing on customs and rituals of the society.
Choose the correct option.

As per Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development, which of the following abilities distinguishes formal operational thinking from concrete operational thinking?

A significant critique of Jean Piaget is that he failed to adequately consider the influence of _ on development.

Which of the following is a correctly matched pair?

Jean Piaget and Lev Vygotsky are similar in their belief that

Lev Vygotsky proposed that

In about how many days does the moon move around the earth?

Match Column-A with Column-B :

Column-A
(a) Tropic of Cancer
(b) Tropic of Capricorn
(c) Arctic Circle
(d) Antarctic Circle

Column-B
(i) 23½° in Southern Hemisphere
(ii) 23½° in Northern Hemisphere
(iii) 66½° South of the Equator
(iv) 66½° North of the Equator

Choose the correct option.

Which one of the following is not correct about the earth?

Read the two statements carefully :
Statement A : At any place, a watch can be adjusted to read 12 o'clock when the sun is at the highest point in the sky, i.e., when it is mid-day.
Statement B : The time shown by such a watch will give the local time for that place.
Choose the correct option.

Ecosystem is formed by :

Read the statements A and B carefully :
A : Human beings interact with the environment and modify it according to their need.
B : A perfect balance is necessary between the natural and human environment.
Choose the correct option.

Why is tourism a major activity in Ladakh-the cold desert of India?
A. Visits to Gompas
B. Treks to see meadows and glaciers
C. Witnessing ceremonies and festivities
D. It is flat plain area
Choose the correct option.

Which one of the following gases is the second most plentiful gas in the air?

Given below are four

Statements:

A : High pressure is associated with clear sunny skies.
B : Air pressure is not influenced by temperature of air.
C : Low pressure is associated with cloudy skies and wet weather.
D : Air always moves from high-pressure to low-pressure areas.
Choose the true statements about air pressure and temperature.

Read the statements A and B carefully :
A : Inland waterways and sea routes have been used for transport since early days.
B : Waterways are the cheapest for carrying heavy and bulky goods over long distances.
Choose the correct option.

Many species of plants and animals have become vulnerable or endangered and some are on the verge of extinction. Choose the reasons from the following :
A. Afforestation
B. Landslides
C. Constructional activities
D. Poaching of animals
Options :

Read the statements A and B carefully :
A : Potential resources are those resources whose entire quantity may not be known.
B : These resources are not being used at present.
Choose the correct option.

Match Column-A with Column-B :

Column-A
(a) Sericulture
(b) Pisciculture
(c) Viticulture
(d) Horticulture

Column-B
(i) Growing vegetables, flowers and fruits for commercial use
(ii) Cultivation of grapes
(iii) Breeding of fish
(iv) Commercial rearing of silkworms

Choose the correct option.

Which of the following is not included in the Preamble of the Indian Constitution?

A situation where a person does not have resources and opportunities that are available to other persons is known as

Which of the following is/ are not characteristic/characteristics of democratic government?
A. Indirect participation of people in decision making
B. The Prime Minister has absolute power
C. Explain and defend its actions to the people
Choose the correct option.

Which of the following functions does not come under the jurisdiction of Municipal Corporations?

Which of the following sequences in context of market chain is correct?

Read the following statements in reference to agricultural labourers :
Statement A : Employment guarantee programmes in rural areas can decrease migration from rural to urban areas.
Statement B : One of the main reasons for rural to urban migration has been the higher income jobs available in urban areas.
Choose the correct option.

Match Column-A with Column-B :

Column-A (Panchayati Raj Institutions)
(a) Gram Sabha
(b) Gram Panchayat
(c) Janpad Panchayat
(d) Zila Parishad

Column-B (Tasks)
(i) Regulating the money among Gram Panchayats
(ii) Coordinating the activities of the various Panchayats within its jurisdiction
(iii) Approving BPL list
(iv) Maintaining water sources

Choose the correct option.

What does 'double burden' refer to?

The ______ protect citizens against the arbitrary and absolute exercise of power by the State.

Which of the following acts violate Article 21 of the Constitution of India?
A. A sanitation staff not getting minimum wages fixed by the government
B. Private schools charging exorbitant fees from students
C. A textile company contaminating the groundwater which is a source of drinking water
D. Denying hawkers to carry on their trade on the pavements
Choose the correct option.

Consider the following

Statements:

Statement A: If an FIR has been registered for a cognizable offence, the police can detain any relative of the accused for 24 hours.
Statement B: The police investigation includes collecting different kinds of evidence.
Choose the correct option.

Which of the following could be an appropriate way to counter the marginalization of Adivasis?

Which of the following communities has/have been provided constitutional safeguards by enacting the Prevention of Atrocities Act in 1989?
A. Minorities
B. Women
C. Scheduled Castes
D. Scheduled Tribes
Choose the correct option.

The boundaries of disciplines that make up the social sciences need to be opened up and a plurality of approaches may be applied to understand a given phenomenon. What is this approach called?

Which of the following is foundational logic in the drafting of syllabi of social science?

The concept of a 'fair trial' is an important one while talking about the criminal justice system. To teach this concept, you narrate to the students the story of a person who has been accused of theft and what happens thereafter at the police station and later in the court. What pedagogical resource have you used here?

Which of the following should be followed by the teacher in his/her classroom to promote meaningful learning?

Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:
Assertion (A): The study of social science helps the learners in understanding the contemporary society better.
Reason (R): Social science education aims at providing students essential knowledge, skills and attitude necessary for self-development and also for becoming an effective member of the society.
Options:

Teaching social science is a

Which of the following is/are the most suitable teaching-learning material/materials to explain different parts of the earth to the students?
A. Globe
B. Map
C. Atlas
Choose the correct option.

Which of the following pedagogical techniques should be used by teachers for making social science enjoyable for students?
A. Organization of visits to museum
B. Celebration of Social Science Week
C. Encouraging watching of night sky
D. Sharing large statistical data related to social facts
Choose the correct option.

Below are two statements. Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:
Statement I: Meaningful learning in social science is a generative process of storage and retrieval of information.
Statement II: Thinking, language (verbal or sign) and doing things are intimately intertwined.
Options:

Below are two statements. Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:
Statement I: In a democratic setup, centralization of power such as the 'Panchayati Raj System' has gained importance.
Statement II: 'Panchayati Raj System' aims at raising the levels of participation and involvement of people.
Options:

The 'Sabhas' in the reign of Pallava, through their subcommittees, performed various works such as irrigation, road construction, maintenance of local temples, etc. Which of the following child-centred activities can be done to acquaint the students with the nuances of their functioning?
A. Description of work division on the school campus
B. Example of different groups created for classroom management
C. Getting a real tour of the Sabhas of the reign of Pallava
D. Getting a tour of the Sabhas of the reign of Pallava through audio-visual material
Choose the correct option.

To ensure that social science teaching moves away from an excessive emphasis on developmental issues to an understanding of issues related to justice and dignity, there needs to be a shift in focus from utilitarianism to

Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:
Assertion (A): An important aspect of social science is the possibility of having different shades or at times even diametrically opposite answers.
Reason (R): It is critical for a social science teacher to move away from the age-old habit of preaching to the pulpit.
Options:

The use of iron in the Indian subcontinent began about 3000 years ago. What task would you give to your students to develop their understanding on such historical episodes?
A. Reviewing the book 'What Happened in History' written by Gordon Childe
B. Meeting someone from the traditional blacksmithing community of your area and gathering information
C. Visiting a factory under the supervision of a teacher and noting down the process of making iron
D. Collecting information by visiting any Megalithic site located in the Deccan under the supervision of a teacher
Choose the correct option.

How will you assess the students through the 'project of wallpaper'?
A. Seeing the selection of the subjects by the students
B. Seeing the presentation on the subject matter by the students
C. Asking follow-up questions after the presentation on the topic by the students
D. Asking follow-up questions before the presentation on the topic by the students
Choose the correct option.

Which of the following statements is not true about formative assessments?

Which of the following is true about testing?

Below are two statements. Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:
Statement I: Learning is a continuous process.
Statement II: Learning cannot take place outside the school premises.
Options:

Below are two statements, one of them is Assertion (A) and the other is Reason (R). Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:
Assertion (A): Testing has a diagnostic function to indicate the presence or absence of a characteristic.
Reason (R): Testing is an event or a situation that comprises a set of questions or problems that analyze a person's quality of learning or determine his knowledge, abilities, etc.

Below are two statements. Read them carefully and choose the correct answer with the help of given options:
Statement I: In school education, paper-pencil tests are the only way of testing the learners.
Statement II: During the testing in schools, values or numbers are assigned to represent that the learner has performed.
Options:

A place, where documents and manuscripts are stored and today all National and State Governments have them, to keep all their old official records and transactions, is called

Which of the following statements related to Tamil region is wrong?

Assertion: The relationship between the State and religion may be a bone of contention in today's Indian polity, but history presents workable solutions.
Choose the appropriate reason/reasons for the above assertion.
A. Temples were often central to the economy and society.
B. The town of Ramdaspur had developed around the central Gurudwara called Harmandar Sahib.
C. Sufis were Muslim mystics who rejected outward religiosity and emphasized compassion for all fellow human beings.
D. History is about the battles between different States and religions.

Unusual for the 12^th century, Kalhana used a variety of sources. Unlike the writers of Prashastis, he was often critical about rulers and their practices. His sources include:

Which of the following are true with regard to the Marathas?
A. Shivaji carved out a stable kingdom with the support of powerful warrior families.
B. Powerful warrior families were called 'Deshmukhs'.
C. Highly mobile, peasant pastoralists were the backbone of the Maratha army.
D. Highly mobile, peasant pastoralists were called 'Kunbis'.
Choose the correct option.

Historical claim: "The Ahom built a large State."
Choose the appropriate evidences for the above claim.
A. The Ahoms used firearms to build a large State.
B. The Ahoms made high-quality gunpowder and cannons.
C. The Ahom State depended upon forced labour.
D. In 1662, the Ahoms defeated the Mughals.

State the validity of the following on peasant revolts:
Assertion: Those who are oppressed do not always rise up in rebellion. They do so only at times.
Reason: In 1859, the Indigo Ryots felt that they had the support of the local Zamindars against the planters.

Conclusion:

Women turned up to fight with pots, pans and kitchen implements.

The following are some facts related to Company policies during the second half of the 18^th century:
A. Artisans started deserting villages.
B. The Company purchased goods in India by gold and silver.
C. The revenue collected in Bengal could finance the purchase of goods.
D. The Company became the Diwan.
Arrange them in sequence of their occurrence.

Which of the following institutional developments was/were direct outcome/outcomes of the Wood's Despatch?
A. Education departments of the government were set up in provinces.
B. Centralization of education under the Governor General took place.
C. Steps were taken to establish a system of university education.
D. Indian Civil Service colleges were set up in England.
Choose the correct option.

Who amongst the following argued that before Aryan rule, there existed a golden age when warrior-peasants tilled the land and ruled the Maratha countryside in just and fair ways?

Consider the following statements on Non-Brahman Movement:
A. The movement came from non-Brahman castes that had acquired access to education.
B. The movement argued that the Aryans were the indigenous races.
C. The movement came from non-Brahman castes with wealth and influence.
Choose the correct option.

Social insecurities, in any society, result from a sense of alienation. In this context, the Indian Nationalist Movement was a movement:
A. to acknowledge the supremacy of people over the structures of government
B. to do away with the differences of class, colour and language
C. to acknowledge the government as being equal to the God
Choose the correct option.

It was established in Madras (Chennai) in 1864. It worked to abolish caste distinctions and promote widow remarriage and women's education. It condemned the superstitions and rituals of orthodox Hinduism. Identify the associated movement/organization.

After the attainment of independence, why did the demand for linguistic States intensify?
A. In the 1920s, the Indian National Congress had promised that after independence each major linguistic group would have its own province.
B. After independence, the Congress did not take any steps to honour its promise of major linguistic groups having its own province.
C. The Kannada, Telugu speakers had looked forward to having their own State. The strongest protest came from Tamil speakers of the Telugu-speaking districts.
D. Nehru and Patel were against the creation of linguistic States.
Choose the correct option.

निम्नलिखित कथनों को पढ़िए :

अभिकथन (A) : शुरुआती वर्षों में भाषाओं के अधिगम में देरी करना बच्चों के लिए नई भाषाओं के अर्जन में कठिनाई पैदा करता है।
कारण (R) : बच्चों के शुरुआती वर्ष भाषा अर्जन के लिए बहुत ही संवेदनशील अवधि होती है।

सही विकल्प चुनिए।

बहुभाषावाद के संदर्भ में बुनियादी चरण के राष्ट्रीय पाठ्यचर्या रूपरेखा (2022) का एक मुख्य सिद्धांत है

कुछ वाक् समुदायों में एक ही भाषा के विविध प्रकार साथ-साथ विद्यमान हैं, सभी प्रकारों के सामाजिक कार्यों की विशिष्ट श्रृंखला है। इस स्थिति को किस रूप में वर्णित किया जाएगा?

बच्चे अपने-अपने जोड़ीदार के साथ कार्य करते हैं। एक पाठ्य सामग्री को दो खंडों में विभाजित किया जाता है। एक बालक अपनी पाठ्य सामग्री अपने जोड़ीदार को पढ़कर सुनाता है और दूसरा बालक उसे सुनकर लिखता है। फिर दोनों समूची पाठ्य सामग्री पर कार्य करते हैं। इस गतिविधि को क्या कहेंगे?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा भाषा की कक्षा में साहित्यिक पठन सामग्री के अध्ययन के बारे में सही नहीं है?

कक्षा छः के विद्यार्थी नवीन को पाठ्य सामग्री के पठन में कठिनाई महसूस होती है। अध्यापक उसे कुछ सरल स्तर की पाठ्य सामग्री पढ़ने के लिए देता है। अध्यापक उसके लिए साझा पठन सत्रों का भी आयोजन करता है। अध्यापक द्वारा दी जा रही इस मदद को क्या कहा जाएगा?

भाषा शिक्षण-अधिगम का कौन-सा उपागम इस मत में विश्वास करता है कि 'भाषा एक आदत है'?

एक बच्चे को अपठित गद्य खंड पढ़ने के लिए दिया गया है। बच्चे को इसे पढ़कर उस गद्य खंड के नीचे लिखे प्रश्नों के उत्तर देने हैं। इस प्रकार के पठन को किस रूप में जाना जाता है?

एक अध्यापक विद्यार्थियों को पाँच चित्र दिखाता है और इन चित्रों के आधार पर कहानी लिखने के लिए कहता है। यह गतिविधि किसका उदाहरण है?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सी भाषा में प्रदर्शन-आधारित आकलन की विशेषता है?

पठन के बारे में दिए गए कथनों पर विचार कीजिए :

A : पठन केवल अक्षर ध्वनि संबंध की समझ और शब्दों को सही प्रकार से उच्चारित करना भर है।
B : पठन अर्थ तक पहुँचने के लिए संकेतों को डिकोड करना है।

सही विकल्प चुनिए।

एक अध्यापक को अपने विद्यार्थियों के श्रवण-कौशल का आकलन करना है। श्रवण-आकलन हेतु वह किस गतिविधि का चयन कर सकता है?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा भाषा में अर्थ के पहलुओं से संबंधित है?

निम्नलिखित में से कौन-सा भाषा अधिगम का सिद्धांत नहीं है?

कक्षा छः का एक अध्यापक श्यामपट्ट के बिलकुल मध्य में एक शब्द लिखता है और शिक्षार्थियों से उन सभी शब्दों के बारे में सोचने-विचारने के लिए कहता है, जो मध्य में लिखे इस शब्द से संबंधित हों। इस गतिविधि का मुख्य उद्देश्य क्या है?

'छा रहा चतुर्दिक विकट धूम' का आशय है

बचाव/त्राण कहाँ है?

नागों का गुण नहीं है

भिन्न शब्द चुनिए :

'हो अधीर मत मानवते!' में अलंकार है।

कवि अपने मन को अधीर होने से क्यों रोक रहा है?

लोकशाला के संदर्भ में किस बात की जरूरत नहीं है?

लोकशाला में क्या सीखने को मिलेगा?

गद्यांश के अनुसार अनुभव-सिद्ध समुदाय का अंग नहीं है

भिन्न शब्द पहचानिए :

'कुदरती संसाधनों के उपयोग की मर्यादा’ का आशय है

'लोकोन्मुखी' का संधि-विच्छेद है

किस की परम्परा का वर्णन नहीं है।

मौखिक परम्परा की विशेषता नहीं है

लोकशाला के लिए उचित वक्तव्य है

Between 12-18 months, children begin to produce a variety of recognizable single-unit utterances. This period, in which single terms are uttered for everyday objects, is called

Read the statements given below on reading and writing skills :

A : The understanding of and ability to read also affects the ability to write.
B : Reading and writing are separate processes and develop independent of each other.

Choose the correct option.

All languages have certain common properties. These are called

Acceptance of linguistic diversity in a class will

Which of the following is not the characteristic of print awareness as part of emergent literacy?

Given below are the learning outcomes for reading skill at foundational stage :

A. Reads short passages accurately and fluently with appropriate intonation, pauses and voice modulation
B. Reads a few sentences of familiar words with accuracy
C. Reads short passages accurately with appropriate intonation and pauses

Arrange them in order of progression.