ITBP Head Constable (Ministerial) 2014 Official Paper (Previous Year Paper)

Formula Used:

If a fraction bears the same ratio as another

fraction, they are said to be in proportion.

a : b :: c : d

⇒ \(\frac{a}{b}=\frac{c}{d}\)

Calculation:

Let the required fraction is \(\frac{x}{y}\).

Using the above formula-

\(\frac{x}{y}:\frac{4}{9} ::\frac{3}{11}:\frac{5}{33}\)

⇒ \(\frac{\frac{x}{y}}{\frac{4}{9}}=\frac{\frac{3}{11}}{\frac{5}{33}}\)

⇒ \(\frac{x}{y} = \frac{4}{9}\times \frac{3}{11}\times \frac{33}{5}\)

⇒ \(\frac{x}{y} = \frac{4}{5}\)

∴ The required fraction is 4 : 5

Formula Used:

If a, b & c are in proportion then 

a/b = b/c ,where c is third proportion.

Calculation:

Let the third proportion to 12 & 30 be x.

Using above formula

⇒ 12/30 = 30/x

⇒  x = (30 × 30)/12

⇒ x = 75

∴ The third proportional to 12 and 30 is 75.

Formula Used:

If a fraction bears the same ratio as another

fraction, they are said to be in proportion.

a : b :: c : d

⇒ a/b = c/d

Calculation:

Using above formula

⇒ 75/15 = x/7

⇒ x = (75 × 7)/15 = 35

∴ The correct option is 2)

Formula Used:

a² + b² + 2ab = (a + b)²

Calculation:

Using above formula

1.25 × 1.25 = a2

2.75 × 2.75 = b2

2.50 × 2.75 = 2ab

⇒ 1.25 × 1.25 + 2.75 × 2.75 + 2.50 × 2.75

= (1.25 + 2.75)²

= (4)² = 16

∴ 1.25 × 1.25 + 2.75 × 2.75 + 2.50 × 2.75 is equal to 16.

Calculation:

Given that

⇒ \(\frac{A}{B} = \frac{5}{7}\)       -----(1)

⇒ \(\frac{B}{C} = \frac{9}{11}\)     ------(2)

Multiply both equations, 

⇒  \(\frac{A}{C} = \frac{A}{B}\times \frac{B}{C}\) 

⇒ \(\frac{A}{C} = \frac{5}{7}\times \frac{9}{11}=\frac{45}{77}\) 

∴ A : C = 45 : 77

Formula Used:

Average = Sum of observations/ No. of observations

Calculation:

Using above formula

⇒ \(\frac{A+B+C}{3}=15\)

⇒ A + B + C = 45      -----(1)

Similarly,

B + C + D = 48          -----(2)

Subtracting (2) from (1)

⇒ D - A = 3

⇒ 19 - A = 3      (∵ D = 19)

⇒ A = 16

∴ The first number is 16.

Calculation:

Let there be a total of x votes polled.

The winner gets 62%. So Loser will get 100 - 62 = 38% votes  

According to the question-

Winner votes - Loser votes = Winning votes

⇒ 62% of x - 38% of x = 144

⇒ 24% of x = 144

⇒ 24x/100 = 144

⇒ 24x = 14400

⇒ x = 600

∴  The total number of votes polled is 600.

Given:

The ratio between the two number is 3 ∶ 4

The sum of their squares is 625.

Calculation:

Let the two numbers be 3x & 4x.

According to question

(3x)² + (4x)² = 625

⇒ 9x² + 16x² = 625

⇒ 25x² = 625

⇒ x² = 25

⇒ x = 5

Two numbers are

3x = 3 × 5 = 15, 4x = 4 × 5 = 20

∴ The numbers are 15 & 20 respectively.

Concept: 

Corresponding sides of similar triangles are in the same ratio.

Calculation:

 

By using the above property, 

80 : 16 :: h : 9

⇒ 80/16 = h/9

⇒ h = (80 × 9)/16

⇒ h = 45 meters

∴ The required height of a tree is 45 meters.

Formula used:

S.P = C.P (1 ± \(\frac{P\ or L}{100}\))

For profit, (+ve) sign,

For loss, (-ve) sing

Calculation:

Let the man buy 1 dozen oranges in both cases

When a man buys 3 oranges for Rs. 1

Price of one orange = 1/3

Price of 1 dozen oranges = 1/3 × 12 = Rs. 4

Similarly when a man buys 2 oranges for Rs. 1

Price of 1 dozen oranges = 1/2 × 12 = Rs. 6

Cost price for 2 dozens  = 4 + 6 = Rs. 10 

Cost price for 1 dozen  = 10/2 = Rs. 5

We know that, 

S.P = C.P (1 +\(\frac{P}{100}\))

S.P = 5(1 + 20/100) = Rs. 6

∴ The selling price will be Rs. 6

Given:

Time taken by A to complete the job = 6 days

Time taken by B to complete the job = 10 days

Concept used:

Work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

According to the question

LCM of 6 and 10 is 30

Efficiency of A = (\(\frac{30}{{6}}\)) = 5 units/day

Efficiency of B = (\(\frac{30}{{10}}\)) = 3 units/day

Time taken by A and B to complete the same job together = \(\frac{30}{{(5+3)}}\)

⇒ \(\frac{30}{{8}}\) = \(\frac{15}{{4}}\) = 3\(\frac{3}{{4}}\) days

∴ The required answer is less than 6 days.

Shortcut Trick A can complete the work = 6 days

B can complete the work = 10 days

(A + B) can complete the work = \(\frac{A \times B}{A + B}\)

⇒ \(\frac{6 \times 10}{6 + 10}\) days

⇒ \(\frac{15}{4}\) days

⇒ 3\(\frac{3}{{4}}\) days

∴ The required answer is less than 6 days.

Given:

Rate = 5%

Time = 2 years

Amount = Rs. 441

Concept used:

A = P(1 + \(\frac{R}{{100}}\))^T

Where, A = Amount, P = Principal,

R = Rate and T = Time

Calculation:

Let Principal be x.

Now, according to the above concept

⇒ x(1 + \(\frac{5}{{100}}\))² = 441

⇒ x(1 + 1/20)² = 441

⇒ x(21/20)² = 441

⇒ x(441/400) = 441

⇒ x = 400

∴ The required principal is Rs. 400.

Given:

Total mixture of milk and water = 40 litres

The ratio of milk and water = 4 : 1

Another 8 litres of water is added to the mixture. 

Calculation:

Quantity of milk in mixture = (\(\frac{4}{{5}}\) × 40) = 32 litres

Quantity of water in mixture = (\(\frac{1}{{5}}\) × 40) = 8 litres

Now, another 8 litres of water is added to the mixture. 

So, the quantity of water in mixture = (8 + 8) litres = 16 litres

Now, the ratio of milk and water in the resulting mixture 

⇒ 32 : 16 = 2 : 1

∴ The required ratio is 2 : 1.

Given:

The number of successful students was 4 times the number of unsuccessful students.

There were 35 less students and the number of unsuccessful students were 9 more.

The ratio of their number would have been 3 ∶ 1. 

Calculation:

Let the number of failed students be x.

Number of passed students be 4x.

So, the total number of students = (x + 4x) = 5x.

Now, according to the question

⇒ \(\dfrac{5x - 35}{{x + 9}} = \dfrac31\) 

⇒ 5x - 35 = 3x + 27

⇒ 2x = 62

⇒ x = 31

Now, the total number of students = 5x = (5 × 31) = 155.

∴ The required total students is 155.

Shortcut Trick

Age ratio 2 years ago = 3 : 2 (Difference = 1 unit)

Present age ratio = 7 : 5 (Difference = 2 units)

Equalize difference: Multiply older ratio by 2 → 6 : 4

Ratio change: 6 → 7 and 4 → 5 (Change of 1 unit = 2 years)

Present ages: 7 × 2 = 14 and 5 × 2 = 10

∴ The correct answer is 14, 10.

Alternate Method

Given: Ratio 2 years ago = 3 : 2, Present ratio = 7 : 5.

Let Ram and Raman present ages be 7x and 5x.

⇒ (7x − 2) / (5x − 2) = 3 / 2

⇒ 2(7x − 2) = 3(5x − 2)

⇒ 14x − 4 = 15x − 6

⇒ 15x − 14x = 6 − 4

⇒ x = 2

⇒ Ram present age = 7 × 2 = 14

⇒ Raman present age = 5 × 2 = 10

∴ The correct answer is 14, 10.

Additional Information

Ratio Difference Constant

The age difference between two people always remains constant regardless of the number of years passed.

Ratio Scaling

To solve age problems quickly, multiply ratios such that the numerical difference between parts remains consistent with the year gap.

Given:

The given ratio = 3 ∶ 4, 4 ∶ 5, 5 ∶ 6, 6 ∶ 7

Calculation:

⇒ 3 : 4 = \(\frac{3}{{4}}\) = 0.75

⇒ 4 : 5 = \(\frac{4}{{5}}\) = 0.8

⇒ 5 : 6 = \(\frac{5}{{6}}\) = 0.833

⇒ 6 : 7 = \(\frac{6}{{7}}\) = 0.857

∴ The greatest ratio is 6 : 7.

Given:

The sum of two digits of a number = 15

If 9 is added to the number, the digits are reversed. 

Calculation:

Let the original number have x at the 10^th place and y at the one’s place.

Thus, the number can be written as (10x + y).

Now, according to the question

⇒ (x + y) = 15       ----(1)

Now,

10x + y + 9 = 10y + x    ----(2)

Solving equation (2), we get

⇒ x - y = -1       ----(3)

Now, adding equations (1) and (3), we get

⇒ (x + y = 15) + (x - y = -1)

⇒ 2x = 14 

⇒ x = 7

Now, putting the value of x in equation (1), we get

⇒ (7 + y) = 15

⇒ y = 8

Now, the number is (10x + y) = (10 × 7 + 8) = 78

∴ The required number is 78.

Given:

Circumference = 600 metres

Time speed of A = 150 metres/minute

Time speed of B = 120 metres/minute

Time speed of C = 100 metres/minute

Calculation:

According to the question

Time taken by A = (\(\frac{600}{{150}}\)) = 4 min

Time taken by B = (\(\frac{600}{{120}}\)) = 5 min

Time taken by C = (\(\frac{600}{{100}}\)) = 6 min

LCM of time taken by A, B and C i.e. (4, 5, 6) min = 60 min.

∴ All three be together again for the first time after 60 minutes.

Given:

The price of kerosene is raised by 10%.

Formula used:

Reduction in consumption = (\(\frac{R}{{100 + R}}\) × 100)%

Where R is the percentage increase of kerosene.

Calculation:

According to the above concept

⇒ (\(\frac{10}{{100 + 10}}\) × 100)%

⇒ (\(\frac{10}{{110}}\) × 100)% 

⇒ \(\frac{100}{{11}}\)% = 9.09%

∴ The required answer is 9.09%

Shortcut Trick

Multiply the ratios to find A ∶ B ∶ C ∶ D by balancing the common terms.

A ∶ B = 3 ∶ 4 (Multiply by 2 to match B) → 6 ∶ 8

A ∶ B ∶ C = 6 ∶ 8 ∶ 10 (Since B ∶ C = 8 ∶ 10)

A ∶ B ∶ C = 6 ∶ 8 ∶ 10 (Multiply by 1.5 to match C) → 9 ∶ 12 ∶ 15

A ∶ B ∶ C ∶ D = 9 ∶ 12 ∶ 15 ∶ 17 (Since C ∶ D = 15 ∶ 17)

∴ The correct answer is 9 ∶ 12 ∶ 15 ∶ 17.

Alternate Method

Given:

A ∶ B = 3 ∶ 4

B ∶ C = 8 ∶ 10

C ∶ D = 15 ∶ 17

Calculations:

⇒ To combine A ∶ B and B ∶ C, make B equal.

⇒ A ∶ B = (3 × 2) ∶ (4 × 2) = 6 ∶ 8

⇒ A ∶ B ∶ C = 6 ∶ 8 ∶ 10

⇒ Simplify A ∶ B ∶ C = 3 ∶ 4 ∶ 5

⇒ To combine A ∶ B ∶ C and C ∶ D, make C equal.

⇒ A ∶ B ∶ C = (3 × 3) ∶ (4 × 3) ∶ (5 × 3) = 9 ∶ 12 ∶ 15

⇒ A ∶ B ∶ C ∶ D = 9 ∶ 12 ∶ 15 ∶ 17

∴ The correct answer is 9 ∶ 12 ∶ 15 ∶ 17.

Additional Information

Compound Ratio

The compound ratio of a ∶ b and c ∶ d is (a × c) ∶ (b × d).

Ratio Balancing

To combine ratios like A ∶ B and B ∶ C, multiply the terms such that the common variable (B) has the same numerical value in both ratios.

Proportion Rule

If a ∶ b = c ∶ d, then a × d = b × c (Product of extremes = Product of means).

Given:

Cost price of pen = Rs. 6.20

Concept used:

SP = CP × (100 - Loss%)/100

Calculation:

According to the above concept

⇒ SP = 6.20 × (\(\frac{100-10}{{100}}\))

⇒ (6.20 × \(\frac{90}{{100}}\))

⇒ Rs. 5.58

∴ The required SP is Rs. 5.58

Given:

Principal = Rs. 200

Rate = 2 paise per rupee per month

Time = 1 year

Formula used:

SI = (P × R × T)/100

Where,  P = Principal, R = Rate, T = Time

Calculation:

According to the question

Rate of interest = 2 paise per rupee per month. Hence,

Rate of interest = \(\frac{2}{{100}}\) = 2% per month.

Now, SI = (P × R × T)/100

⇒ SI = (200 × 2 × 12)/100

⇒ Rs. 48

∴ The required interest is Rs. 48

Shortcut Trick

For Simple Interest, use the relation: (n₁ − 1) / T₁ = (n₂ − 1) / T₂

Here, n₁ = 2 (Double), T₁ = 15 years, and n₂ = 3 (Triple).

(2 − 1) / 15 = (3 − 1) / T₂

1 / 15 = 2 / T₂ ⇒ T₂ = 30 years.

∴ The correct answer is 30 years.

Alternate Method

Given:

Initial Time (T₁) = 15 years

Condition 1: Sum becomes Double (2 times of Principal).

Condition 2: Sum needs to become Triple (3 times of Principal).

Let the Principal be P.

⇒ In Case 1: Amount = 2P

⇒ Simple Interest (SI₁) = Amount − Principal = 2P − P = P

⇒ In Case 2: Amount = 3P

⇒ Simple Interest (SI₂) = 3P − P = 2P

⇒ In Simple Interest, interest earned is the same for equal intervals of time.

⇒ If interest P is earned in 15 years, then interest 2P will be earned in:

⇒ Required Time (T₂) = (2P / P) × 15

⇒ T₂ = 2 × 15 = 30 years.

∴ The correct answer is 30 years.

Additional Information

Simple Interest (SI) Formula

SI = (P × R × T) / 100, where P is Principal, R is Rate, and T is Time.

Amount in SI

Amount (A) = P + SI = P[1 + (RT/100)].

Relation between Time and Multiple of Sum

For a sum to become n times in time T, the Rate R = 100 × (n − 1) / T.

Proportionality in SI

In SI, the interest earned is directly proportional to the Time Period if the Rate and Principal remain constant.

Given:

Time taken by X and Y together can do a certain job = 10 days

Time taken by X alone to the same job = 15 days

Concept used:

Work = Efficiency × Time

Calculation:

According to the question

LCM of 10 and 15 is 30

Efficiency of X and Y = (\(\frac{30}{{10}}\)) = 3 units/day

Efficiency of X = (\(\frac{30}{{15}}\)) = 2 units/day

Time taken by Y alone to the same job = \(\frac{30}{{(3-2)}}\) = 30 days

∴  Y alone will do the same job in 30 days.

Given:

The number = 6, 9, 12, 18

Concept used:

LCM - The least common multiple is defined as the smallest multiple that two or more numbers have in common.

Calculation:

The given numbers are 6, 9, 12, 18

⇒ 6 = 2 × 3

⇒ 9 = 3 × 3

⇒ 12 = 2 × 2 × 3

⇒ 18 = 2 × 3 × 3

LCM of 6, 9, 12 and 18 = (2 × 2 × 3 × 3) = 36

∴ The required LCM is 36.

Shortcut Trick

Work backward from the result by reversing each operation.

Final Result = 27

Reverse 'add 9' → 27 − 9 = 18

Reverse 'divide by 9' → 18 × 9 = 162

∴ The correct answer is 162.

Alternate Method

Given: Result = 27, Addition value = 9, Divisor = 9

x

÷ 9

x/9

• 9

27

Reverse path: 27 → (−9) → 18 → (×9) → 162

Let the required number be x.

⇒ According to the question:

⇒ (x ÷ 9) + 9 = 27

⇒ x/9 = 27 − 9

⇒ x/9 = 18

⇒ x = 18 × 9

⇒ x = 162

∴ The correct answer is 162.

Additional Information

Order of Operations (BODMAS)

Always follow the sequence: Brackets, Orders, Division/Multiplication, and Addition/Subtraction when solving expressions.

Reverse Operation Principle

To find the initial value from a result, perform inverse operations in the opposite order: Addition becomes Subtraction, and Division becomes Multiplication.

Linear Equations in One Variable

An equation of the form ax + b = c is solved by isolating x: x = (c − b) ÷ a.

Verification Method

Substitute the calculated answer back into the original condition: (162 ÷ 9) + 9 = 18 + 9 = 27. Since LHS = RHS, the answer is correct.

Calculation:

A  person is standing on the sixth number in the queue from both the ends.

So, number of people in the queue = [(6 + 6) - 1] 

⇒ (12 - 1) = 11

∴ The total persons in the queue are 11.

Given:

A number 'X' when multiplied by 5 and added to three times its own gives 64.

Calculation:

Firstly, X is multiplied by 5, so, it is (5 × X) = 5X

Now,

It is added to three times its own which is 3X and it gives 64.

Now, according to the question

⇒ 5X + 3X = 64

⇒ 8X = 64

⇒ X = 8

∴ The required number is 8.

Given:

The excess of thrice a certain number over 11 is 19

Calculation:

Let the number be x.

According to the question

3x = 11 + 19

⇒ 3x - 11 = 19

⇒ 3x = 30

⇒ x = 10

∴ The required number is 10.

Shortcut Trick

Assume the price of the Table is 100 units.

Price of Chair = 60% of 100 = 60 units.

Price of Stool = 15% of 100 = 15 units.

Required Percentage = (Stool ÷ Chair) × 100 = (15 ÷ 60) × 100 = 1/4 × 100 = 25%.

∴ The correct answer is 25%.

Alternate Method

Given:

Price of Chair (C) = 60% of Table (T) ⇒ C = 0.60T

Price of Stool (S) = 15% of Table (T) ⇒ S = 0.15T

Formula Used:

Percentage = (Value / Base Value) × 100

Calculations:

⇒ Required % = (Price of Stool / Price of Chair) × 100

⇒ Required % = (0.15T / 0.60T) × 100

⇒ Required % = (15 / 60) × 100

⇒ Required % = (1 / 4) × 100

⇒ Required % = 25%

∴ The correct answer is 25%.

Additional Information

Base Change Rule

When comparing two quantities derived from the same base, the ratio of their percentages is equal to the ratio of their actual values.

Percentage to Fraction Conversion

Common fractions like 1/4 = 25%, 1/5 = 20%, and 3/4 = 75% help in solving comparison questions faster without long division.

The correct answer is option 3.

Key Points

Firdausi (934 AD- 1020 AD):

• Firdausi, the author of Shahnamah, was the poet-laureate at the court of Mahmud of Ghazni.
• He is celebrated as one of the most influential figures of Persian literature and one of the greatest in the history of literature.
• A high watermark in the Iranian renaissance was reached with Firdausi’s Shah Namah.
• He transported the struggle between Iran and Turan to mythical times and glorified the ancient Iranian heroes.
• He began work on the Shahnameh around 977, intending it as a continuation of the work of his fellow poet Daqiqi, who had been assassinated by his slave.
• The Shahnameh is the only surviving work by Firdausi regarded as indisputably genuine.
• The Shahnameh is an epic of nearly 60,000 couplets.
• It chronicles the story of Iran for a period reckoned traditionally as more than 4 millennia.

The correct answer is Mica.

Key Points

Mica:

• Mica is a naturally occurring non-metallic mineral that is based on a collection of silicates.
• Mica occurs in the veins of Metamorphic rocks.
• Mica is common in igneous and metamorphic rock and is occasionally found as small flakes in sedimentary rock.
• Mica is a very good insulator that has a wide range of applications in the electrical and electronics industry.
• It can withstand high voltage and has a low power loss factor.
• Mica is widely distributed in India, the minerals bearing Mica are found in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Jharkhand, Odisha, Rajasthan, etc.
• Andhra Pradesh is the largest mica-producing state in India.
• India is the largest producer and the monopoly when it comes to mica production.
• India produces 60% of the world's mica.

The correct answer is Aryabhatta.

Key Points

Aryabhatta:

• India's first indigenously-built satellite 'Aryabhatta' was launched on 19 April 1975.
• The Aryabhatta was built by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).
• It was the country’s first artificial satellite.
• It was named after Aryabhatta, the 5^th-century Indian mathematician and astronomer.
• It was launched using a C-1 Intercosmos launch vehicle from Kapustin Yar, which is a Russian rocket launch and development site.
• The satellite had a launch mass of 360 kg with a power of 46 watts.
• Its orbit was for 96.46 minutes with an apogee of 619 km and a perigee of 563 km.
• The purpose of the mission was to research astrophysics such as conducting experiments in X-ray astronomy, solar physics and agronomics.
• The Aryabhatta was an experimental mission intended to give Indians experience in taking the country’s space mission forward.

Additional Information

Bhaskara I and Bhaskara II:

• Bhaskara-I was the first experimental remote-sensing satellite built by ISRO.
• It was named after the 7^th-century Indian mathematician Bhaskara-I (not to be confused with the 12^th-century mathematician Bhaskara-II).
• Bhaskara-I sent extensive scientific data which was used for various studies including oceanographic studies.
• The second similar satellite, the Bhaskara-II was launched in November 1981.

The correct answer is 2001.

Key Points

Attacks of 9/11:

• On September 11, 2001, al-Qaeda terrorists hijacked four passenger planes and launched them as missiles on American targets.
• About 3,000 people died.
• Two aircraft crashed into the World Trade Center towers, in New York while one aircraft crashed into Pentagon outside Washington.
• The fourth aircraft crashed into rural Pennsylvania because passengers tried to take back control from hijackers.
• Most of the dead passengers were American nationals but citizens of about 100 countries lost their lives as well.

Additional Information

• The mastermind of these attacks was the founder of the terror outfit Al Qaeda, Osama bin Laden.
• The September 11 attacks were a devastating blow to US national identity, threatening the public’s sense of safety and putting into doubt the very notion of American exceptionalism.

The correct answer is Tarapur (Maharashtra).

Key Points

Tarapur Atomic Power station (TAPS):

• The Tarapur Atomic Power Station (TAPS) is located near Boiser in the Thane District of Maharashtra.
• Begun as India's first atomic power project, the Indian Government decided to utilize Boiling Water Reactors (BWRs) for the plant.
• On 8 May 1964, a contract between the governments of India and the United States was signed for the construction of TAPS.
• Although the United States agreed to supply enriched uranium to TAPS for 30 years, this supply was cut off after the peaceful nuclear explosion at Pokhran in 1974.
• Since this time France, China, and Russia have all supplied uranium fuel to TAPS.
• Tarapur Atomic Power Station Units (TAPS 1 &2), connected to the grid in April and May 1969, have completed 50 years of safe operation.
• TAPS- 1&2 is currently the oldest operating power reactor in the world, producing reliable power at about two rupees per unit.
• The first of these reactors for Tarapur was acquired by Homi Bhabha, considered the father of India’s nuclear programme.
• Tarapur reactor is the second most powerful in India after the Kudankulam Nuclear Power Plant in Tamil Nadu.

Important Points

The correct answer is Energy.

Key Points

Energy:

• Energy, in simple terms, can be defined as the capacity for doing work.
• It can occur in kinetic, potential, electrical, chemical, nuclear, thermal, and other forms.
• The SI Unit of Energy is Joule.
• The name of this international unit is kept in honour of James Prescott Joule, a British physicist whose works contributed to the establishment of the energy concept.
• SI Unit- Joule
• CGS Unit- Erg
• MKS Unit- Joule
• Unit Conversion:
• 1 erg = 10^-7 Joule
• 1 N.m = 1 Joule
• 1 Kg.m²/S² = 1 N.m = 1 Joule
• 1 Calorie = 4.187 Joule
• Kilowatt-hour is the commercial unit of energy.
• 1 kWh = 1kW x 1h = 1000W x 1h = 1000(J/s) x 3600 s = 3.6 x10⁶ J

Additional Information

The correct answer is Coins.

Key Points

Numismatics:

• The study of coinage in history is called numismatics.
• Numismatists study the physical properties, production technology, and historical context of specimens of currency.
• Rare and collectible coins may trade well above their nominal face value or commodity melt value and are often withdrawn from circulation and viewed as investments rather than actual money.
• Numismatists study the physical attributes of the payment media rather than the use and function in an economy.
• The term numismatics is often used interchangeably with coin collection, though it connotes a more intensive study than just simply collecting coins.
• India has been one of the earliest issuers of coins in the world and has been known for its sheer diversity in terms of minting techniques, motifs, sizes, shapes, metals used, etc.
• The Coinage of India has played a very important role in the history of the economic development of the country ever since its inception.

Important Points

The correct answer is highest airport.

Key Points

Lhasa airport (Tibet):

• Situated at an elevation of 3,600 meters (11,800 ft), Lhasa Airport is one of the highest in the world.
• The airport was first built in 1965, a second runway was built in 1994, the second terminal was built in 2004 and the brand new, third terminal was operational in 2021.
• Lhasa is the highest city in the world.
• Lhasa is the urban centre of prefecture-level Lhasa City. It is the administrative capital of Tibet.
• China made its newly constructed terminal operational at Lhasa airport in Tibet.
• This new terminal is the biggest terminal in Tibet opened to further expand the transport infrastructure in the strategic Himalayan region.
• It will help Tibet to emerge as a global logistics hub for South Asia.

The correct answer is Distance.

Key Points

Light Year:

• A light-year is a measurement of distance in space.
• The astronomical distances are measured in light-years because the speed of light is constant throughout the universe and is known to be high precision.
• Light travels at 186,000 miles or 300,000 kilometres per second in an empty space.
• It is the distance a light photon travels in the vacuum in one Julian year.
• Measuring in light-years also allows astronomers to determine how far back in time they are viewing.
• Because light takes time to travel to our eyes, everything we view in the night sky has already happened.
• In other words, when you observe something 1 light-year away, you see it as it appeared exactly one year ago.
• Light travels at a velocity of about 300,000 kilometres (km) per second.
• It can travel about 10 trillion km.
• One light-year, ly = 9.4607 × 10¹² km
• 1 light-year in miles = 5.88 × 10¹² miles
• 1 light-year in the Astronomical unit = 63241 au.
• The Sun is at a distance of 149.6 million kilometres away from earth.
• The same distance, when expressed in terms of the light-year approximates 15.54795 × 10^-6 lightyears.

The correct answer is coal mines.

Key Points

Jharia:

• Jharia coalfields are in Jharkhand’s Dhanbad district and span over 450 square kilometres.
• It is one of the oldest and richest coal fields of India and has been recognized as the storehouse of the best metallurgical coal in the country.
• On account of the growing needs of the steel industry, a thrust had to be given on the systematic exploitation of coking coal reserves in Jharia Coalfield.
• Coal Mines in Jharkhand:
• Jharia, Dhanbad, Bokaro,   Jayanti, Godda, Giridih (Karbhari Coal Field), Ramgarh, Karanpura, Daltonganj.

Additional Information

• The top 5 States in terms of total coal reserves in India are: Jharkhand > Odisha > Chhattisgarh > West Bengal > Madhya Pradesh.
• Gondwana coal makes up 98% of the total coal reserves in India and 99% of the coal production in India.
• The coal found in Jharkhand is of Gondwana.
• Jharia is estimated to have had nearly 80 underground fires in the years since 1916.

The correct answer is Lucknow (Uttar Pradesh).

Key Points

National Botanical Research Institute:

• The CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute (NBRI) – is among one of the constituent research institutes of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR).
• Originally set up as the National Botanic Gardens (NBG) by the State Government of Uttar Pradesh (U.P.), it was taken over by the CSIR in 1953.
• The NBG was renamed as the NBRI, i.e., The National Botanical Research Institute in 1978.
• National Botanical Research Institute is situated in Lucknow in Uttar Pradesh (India).
• Objectives:
• Basic and applied research on plant diversity and prospection, plant-environment interaction and biotechnological approaches for plant improvement.
• Development of technologies for new plant and microbial sources of commercial importance
• Building up germplasm repository of plants of indigenous and exotic origin, including rare, endangered and threatened species
• Providing expertise and assistance for identification, supply and exchange of plants and propagules, garden layout and landscaping
• Dissemination of scientific knowledge and technologies on plants and microbial resources through publications, training, capacity building and extension activities

Important Points

The correct answer is Nitrogen.

Key Points

Composition of Air:

• The most abundant naturally occurring gas is nitrogen (N₂), which makes up about 78% of air.
• The air we inhale is a mixture of gases.
• The nitrogen of the following gases in the mixture is highest in percentage.
• Oxygen (O2) is the second most abundant gas at about 21%.
• The inert gas argon (Ar) is the third most abundant gas at 0.93%.
• There are also trace amounts of carbon dioxide (CO₂), neon (Ne), helium (He), methane (CH₄), krypton (Kr), hydrogen (H₂), nitrous oxide (NO), xenon (Xe), ozone (O₃), iodine (I₂), carbon monoxide (CO), and ammonia (NH₃) in the atmosphere.

​Breathing:

• The air that we breathe in and breathe out is not pure oxygen or carbon dioxide respectively.
• As we all knew that our body and the cells inside it require more oxygen to respire and to perform its regular functions and our environment does not provide us with an exclusive supply of oxygen.
• When we breathe in, we inhale the same mixture of gases contained in the atmosphere as our nose cannot filter out the oxygen from other gases.
• During the respiration process, the total composition of the air that we breathe in also depends on our surrounding environment.

The correct answer is option 1.

Key Points

Oscar Awards:

• They are considered the most prestigious and significant awards in the entertainment industry worldwide.
• It is given annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).
• It consists of a golden statuette as a trophy officially called the "Academy Award of Merit", which depicts a knight rendered in the Art Deco style.
• The trophy was originally sculpted by George Stanley from a design sketch by Cedric Gibbons.
• It was first presented in 1929 at a private dinner hosted by Douglas Fairbanks.
• It was the first broadcast by radio in 1930 and was televised in 1953 for the first time.
• It is the oldest worldwide entertainment awards ceremony.
• Since its inception, a total of 3,140 Oscar statuettes have been awarded.
• The 94^th Academy Awards ceremony has been held at the Dolby Theatre in Los Angeles to honour the best in cinema.

The correct answer is Lord Warren Hastings.

Key Points

Warren Hastings:

• Warren Hastings (1732-1818) became the first Governor of the Presidency of Fort William (Bengal) in 1772 and the first Governor-General of Bengal in 1774 till he resigned in 1785.
• During his term, the First Anglo-Maratha war and the second Anglo-Mysore war were fought.
• The Regulating Act of 1773 was passed during his term.
• He supported Sir William Jones in the formation of the Asiatic Society of Bengal in 1784.
• Hastings abolished the Dual System that had been established by Robert Clive.
• Warren Hastings abolished the system of dastaks prevalent among the employees of the British EIC.

Additional Information

Confusion Points

• Warren Hastings and Lord Hastings were two different Governor Generals of Bengal.
• Tenure of Warren Hastings- 1772-1785 (First Governor General of Bengal)
• Tenure of Lord Hastings - 1813-1823

The correct answer is option 4.

Key Points

Battle of Haldi Ghati:

• The Battle of Haldighati was a battle fought on 18 June 1576 between the armies of the Rana of Mewar, Maharana Pratap, and the Mughal emperor Akbar’s forces, led by Man Singh I of Amber.
• Although the battle ended in defeat for the forces of Mewar, Maharana Pratap escaped continuing his valiant resistance against the Mughal Empire.
• The battle of Haldighati was significant for the valour displayed by the Rajputs and the small tribe of Bhils.
• Rana Pratap set an example of courage and bravery in the Haldighati battle.
• It was a turning point for the Mughals as well, as it for a time halted Mughal expansion into the rest of Mewar, diverting valuable military assets to the region.

Important Points

Reason Behind Battle of Haldighati:

• Aside from Mewar, which was regarded as the leading state in Rajasthan, Akbar consistently settled his relationship with the greater part of the Rajput states after acceding the throne.
• Akbar sent diplomatic embassies to Rana Pratap to get him to submit as his vassal.
• Jalal Khan Qurchi, Man Singh of Amber, Raja Bhagwant Das, Amar Singh, and Toder Mal went to Rana Pratap as embassies, but all of them were unsuccessful in their mission.
• Enraged by all these futile attempts, Akbar declared war and this became the root cause of the Battle of Haldighati.

The correct answer is 10^th May, 1857.

Key Points

Revolt of 1857:

• The revolt of 1857 was the conscious beginning of the Independence struggle against the colonial tyranny of the British.
• There are various names for the revolt of 1857- India’s First War of Independence, Sepoy Mutiny, etc.
• The revolt began on May 10, 1857, at Meerut as a sepoy mutiny. It was initiated by sepoys in the Bengal Presidency against British officers.
• This war of Independence marked the end of rule by the British East India company.
• Post this, India was directly ruled by the British government through representatives known as Governor-General.
• The immediate factor was the introduction of the ‘Enfield’ rifle.
• The cartridge had to be bitten off before loading it into the gun.
• Indian sepoys believed that the cartridge was greased with either pig fat or made from cow fat.

​Timeline:

• In March 1857, Mangal Pandey, a sepoy in Barrackpore, refused to use the cartridge and attacked his senior officers.
• He was hanged to death on 8^th April.
• On 9^th May, 85 soldiers in Meerut refused to use the new rifle and were sentenced to ten years imprisonment.
• The revolt began on May 10, 1857, at Meerut as a sepoy mutiny.
• On July 8, 1858, fourteen months after the outbreak at Meerut, peace was finally proclaimed by Lord Canning.

The correct answer is Madhya Pradesh.

Key Points

Additional Information

Ranthambore National Park:

• Ranthambore National Park is one of Northern India's largest and most well-known national parks.
• The park is about 130 kilometres from Jaipur in the Sawai Madhopur district of southeastern Rajasthan.
• The Banas River runs through it on the north, and the Chambal River runs through it on the south.
• The park is named after the historic Ranthambore Fort that is located within it.

Gir National Park:

• The Gir National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary is located in the Junagadh district of Gujarat.
• The Gir Forests is the only natural habitat of Asiatic lions.
• It was declared as a sanctuary in 1965 and a national park in 1975.
• The Gir Forests is the largest compact tract of dry deciduous forests in the semi-arid western part of India.

Bandipur National Park:

• Bandipur National Park is located in Karnataka's Western Ghats, along the Mysore-Ooty highway.
• It is a significant part of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve.
• This reserve is South India's largest protected area and home to the world's largest population of wild elephants.

The correct answer is Article 356.

Key Points

Presidential Rule:

• ​Article 356, also known as the imposition of President’s Rule in states.
• Article 356 of the Constitution of India is based on Section 93 of the Government of India Act, of 1935.
• According to Article 356, President’s Rule can be imposed on any state of India on the grounds of the failure of the constitutional machinery.
• In simple words, President’s Rule is when the state government is suspended and the central government directly administers the state through the office of the governor (centrally appointed).
• It is also called ‘State Emergency’ or ‘Constitutional Emergency’.
• Parliamentary approval is necessary for the imposition of the President’s Rule on any state.
• The proclamation of the President’s Rule should be approved in both Houses of Parliament within two months of its issue.
• The approval is through a simple majority.
• The President’s Rule is initially for a period of six months.
• Later, it can be extended for a period of three years with parliamentary approval, every six months.

Additional Information

• The governor carries on with the administration of the state on behalf of the President.
• He or she takes the help of the state’s Chief Secretary and other advisors/administrators whom he or she can appoint.
• The state legislative assembly would be either suspended or dissolved by the President.

Important Points

The correct answer is Rajasthan.

Key Points

Bicameral legislature:

• India has a bicameral system of legislature.
• Just as Parliament has two Houses, the states can also have a Legislative Council in addition to the Legislative Assembly through Article 169 of the Constitution.
• a But all states do not have bicameral legislature.
• Six States have a Legislative Council i.e. they have Bicameral Legislature:
• Andhra Pradesh,
• Telangana,
• Uttar Pradesh,
• Bihar,
• Maharashtra,
• Karnataka. Hence, option 1 is correct.

Additional Information

• ​The Parliament can abolish a Legislative Council (where it already exists) or create it (where it does not exist) by a simple majority.
• A majority of the members of each House is present and vote, if the legislative assembly of the concerned state, by a special majority, passes a resolution to that effect.
• Under Article 171 of the Constitution, the Legislative Council of a state shall not have more than one-third of the total strength of the State Assembly, and not less than 40 members.
• Like the Rajya Sabha, the legislative council is a continuing chamber, that is, it is a permanent body and is not subject to dissolution.
• The tenure of a Member of the Legislative Council (MLC) is six years, with one-third of the members retiring every two years.

The correct answer is Russia.

Key Points

FIFA World Cup 2018:

• The 2018 FIFA World Cup was an international football tournament contested by men's national teams that took place between 14 June and 15 July 2018 in Russia.
• It was the 21^st FIFA World Cup, a worldwide football tournament held once every four years.
• It was the eleventh time the championships had been held in Europe, and the first time they were held in Eastern Europe.
• At an estimated cost of over $14.2 billion, it was the most expensive World Cup to date.
• The tournament phase involved 32 teams, of which 31 came through qualifying competitions, while the host nation Russia qualified automatically.
• In the final, France played Croatia on 15 July at the Luzhniki Stadium in Moscow. France won the match 4–2, claiming their second World Cup.
• Golden Ball- Luka Modrić
• Golden Boot- Harry Kane
• Golden Glove- Thibaut Courtois

Important PointsFIFA winners and Hosts

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

Nobel Prize:

• The Nobel Prize was set up when businessman Alfred Nobel died and left the majority of his fortune to establish prizes in
• Physics,
• Chemistry,
• Physiology/Medicine,
• Literature and
• Peace. Hence, option 4 is correct.
• ​Nobel’s will stated that the prizes should be awarded to those who shall have conferred the greatest benefit to humankind.

Additional Information

• The first set of awards was handed out in 1901, five years after Nobel's death.
• Since the 1^st Nobel Prizes were awarded in 1901, they have been awarded annually.
• It was not awarded mostly during World War I and II.
• A Nobel Prize cannot be awarded posthumously.
• When Alfred Nobel died leaving the majority of his fortune to the establishment of the Nobel Prize, he stated that the money should be converted into a fund and invested in “safe securities.”
• Today the interest earned on that money is used to fund the Nobel Prizes.
• As per Alfred Nobel’s wishes, the Nobel Peace Prize is presented in Norway while the other awards are handed out in Sweden.

The correct answer is Nazi Party.

Key Points

Nazi Party:

• The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party, was a far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported the ideology of Nazism.
• The purpose of the party was to convert workers from communism to völkisch nationalism.
• Initially, the Nazi political strategy focused on anti-big business, anti-bourgeois, and anti-capitalist rhetoric.
• The party had little popular support until the Great Depression.
• Adolf Hitler, the party's leader since 1921, was appointed Chancellor of Germany by President Paul von Hindenburg on 30 January 1933.
• Hitler rapidly established a totalitarian regime known as the Third Reich.
• Following the defeat of the Third Reich at the end of World War II in Europe, the party was declared to be illegal by the Allied powers, who carried out denazification in the years after the war both in Germany and in territories occupied by Nazi forces.
• Nazism is a common word for National Socialism and is a far-right ideology.
• Its ideology includes ardent anti-Semitism, anti-Communism, scientific racism, and the application of eugenics.

Additional Information

The correct answer is All the above.

Key Points

Guru Gobind Singh:

• The last of the ten Sikh Gurus, Guru Gobind Singh was born on 22^nd December 1666 in Patna, Bihar.
• He became the Sikh guru at the age of nine, following the demise of his father, Guru Tegh Bahadur, the ninth Sikh Guru.
• He is known for his significant contributions to the Sikh religion, including the introduction of the turban to cover hair.
• He also founded the principles of Khalsa or the Five ‘K’s in 1699.
• The Five K’s are kesh (uncut hair), kanga (wooden comb), kara (iron or steel bracelet), kirpan (dagger) and kachera (short breeches).
• These were the five articles of faith that a Khalsa must always adorn.
• He also outlined a number of additional guidelines for the Khalsa warriors to follow, which includes avoiding alcohol, tobacco, and non-halal meat.
• The Khalsa warrior was also duty-bound to protect innocent people from persecution.
• He named Guru Granth Sahib, the religious text of the Khalsa and the Sikhs, as the next Guru of the two communities.
• He fought against the Mughals in the battle of Muktsar in 1705.
• In the Battle of Anandpur (1704), the Guru lost his mother and two minor sons who were executed. His eldest son also died in battle.
• His literary contributions include the Jaap Sahib, Benti Chaupai, Amrit Savaiye, and Dasam Granth. Hence, option 4 is correct.
• He also wrote the Zafarnama which was a letter to the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb.
• He was assassinated in 1708.

The correct answer is Ultraviolet radiation.

Key Points

Ozone layer:

• The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of the Earth’s stratosphere that absorbs most of the Sun’s Ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
• It is a layer in the earth’s stratosphere that contains high levels of ozone.
• This layer protects the earth from the Sun’s harmful UV radiation. Hence, option 4 is correct.
• It absorbs 97 – 99% of the UV radiation from the Sun.
• Ozone screens all of the most energetic, UV-c, radiation, and most of the UV-b radiation.

Important Points

• Millions of individuals would be vulnerable to skin conditions including cancer and compromised immune systems in the absence of ozone layer.
• UV radiation would also affect the environment adversely leading to decreased productivity.
• Fauna on earth is also adversely affected by ozone layer depletion.
• Ozone (O₃) is a highly reactive gas whose molecules are comprised of three oxygen atoms.

Additional Information

The correct answer is low melting point.

Key Points

Fuse wire:

• An electrical fuse is a safety device that operates to provide protection against the overflow of current in an electrical circuit.
• An important component of an electrical fuse is a metal wire or strip that melts when excess current flows through it.
• It helps to protect the device by stopping or interrupting the current.
• Electrical fuses play the role of miniature circuit breakers.
• Apart from protecting equipment, they are also used as safety measures to prevent any safety hazards to humans.
• The fuse wire in an electrical fuse is selected in such a way that it does not face any damage when the normally stipulated amount of current flows through the circuit.
• Under normal circumstances, the fuse wire contributes to a full loop in the circuitry, allowing charges to flow through it.
• However, when an excessive amount of current flows through the fuse wire, the heating effect of the current causes the fuse wire to melt.
• This causes the loop to break thereby stopping the flow of charges in the circuit.
• Therefore fuse wire is chosen such that it has a low melting point. Hence, option 1 is correct.

Function of Fuse:

• Acts as a barrier between the electric circuit and the human body
• Prevents device failure due to faulty circuit operation
• Prevents overload and blackouts
• Prevents damage that is caused due to mismatched loads

The erroneously spelt word is "Dilema"

Key Points

• The correct spelling is Dilemma.
• Look at the meaning.
• Dilemma- a situation in which a difficult choice has to be made between two or more alternatives, especially ones that are equally undesirable
• Example: My mother and my cousin both are evil, and I am in a dilemma as to whom to support.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 3"

Additional Information Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult words:

• Debacle- defeat
• Candid- who speaks honestly.

Hinglish

• Dilemma- दुविधा
• Debacle- पराजय
• Candid- स्पष्टवादी

The erroneously spelt word is "Deciet"

Key Points

• The correct spelling is "Deceit".
• Look at the meaning.
• Deceit- the action or practice of deceiving someone by concealing or misrepresenting the truth.
• Example: I don't like lies and deceit.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 1"

Additional Information  Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult words:

• Glare- (of the sun or electric light) shines with a strong or dazzling light.
• Sacred- connected with God or a god or dedicated to a religious purpose and so deserving veneration.
• Humid- marked by a relatively high level of water vapour in the atmosphere.

Hinglish 

• Deceit- धोखा.
• Example: I don't like lies and deceit.
• Glare- चमक
• Sacred- पूज्य
• Humid- नमी

The erroneously spelt word is "Beautifull"

Key Points 

• The correct spelling is "Beautiful".
• Let's look at the meaning:
• Beautiful- who looks good.
• The boy is really beautiful

Hence, the correct answer is "option 4"

Additional Information   Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult words:

• Almighty- having complete power; omnipotent.
• Allowance- connected with God or a god or dedicated to a religious purpose and so deserving veneration.
• Laudable- (of an action, idea, or aim) deserving praise and commendation.

Hinglish  

• Almighty- सर्वशक्तिमान
• Allowance- भत्ता
• Laudable- प्रशंसनीय

The erroneously spelt word is "Narture"

Key Points 

• The correct spelling is "Nurture".
• Look at the meaning.
• Nurture- care for and protect (someone or something) while they are growing.
• Example: My female cousin is nurtured by her parents.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 1"

Additional Information  Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult words:

• Ideology- the science of ideas; the study of their origin and nature.
• Rapid- happening in a short time or at a great rate.
• Idealise- regard or represent as perfect or better than in reality.

Hinglish 

• Nurture- पालन ​​- पोषण करना.
• Example: My female cousin is nurtured by her parents.
• Ideology- विचारधारा
• Rapid- तेज़.
• Idealise- आदर्श बनाना.

The erroneously spelt word is "Tidious"

Key Points 

• The correct spelling is "Tedious".
• Look at the meaning.
• Tedious- too long, slow, or dull; tiresome or monotonous.
• Example: I hate travelling, it seems tedious.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 2"

Additional Information  Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult words:

• Jealous- feeling or showing an envious resentment of someone or their achievements.
• Malice- the desire to harm someone; ill will.
• Listless- (of a person or their manner) lacking energy or enthusiasm.

Hinglish 

• Tedious- थकाऊ.
• Example: I hate travelling, it seems tedious.
• Jealous- ईर्ष्यालु
• Malice- द्वेष
• Listless- उदासीन.

The correct answer is "Chronic"

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the following term:
• Chronic disease- A chronic condition is a health condition or illness that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects or a disease that comes with time.
• Vishal has recovered from a chronic disease called migraine.
• The complete sentence will be "He does not suffer from any chronic disease at all."

Hence, the correct answer is "option 2".

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meanings of the other word:
• Accrue- to collect

Hinglish

• Meaning in Hindi:
• Chronic- लम्बे समय तक
• Chronic disease- ऐसी बीमारी जो लम्बी समय तक रहती है
• accrue- कुछ इकट्ठा करना

The correct answer is "Legitimate"

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected answer:
• Legitimate- conforming to the law or to rules.
• Example: His private property seems to be not legitimate.
• The context of of the question is about the authenticity of a business.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 4"

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meanings of the other words:
• Prudent- wise and honest
• Judicious- having, showing, or done with good judgement or sense.

Hinglish

• Legitimate- कानूनी
• Prudent- जो निर्णय ल���ने में बुद्धिमान हो
• Judicious- जो निर्णय लेने में बुद्धिमान हो

The correct answer is "Gullible"

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Gullible- easily persuaded to believe something; credulous.
• Example: My aunt is very gullible, she can believe anything.
• The correct sentence is "The claims made by the manufacturer of the product are so extravagant that only the Gullible will accept them on face value."

Hence, the correct answer is "option 2"

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meaning of the other difficult words:
• Cynical- believing that people are motivated purely by self-interest; distrustful of human sincerity or integrity.
• Indifferent- having no particular interest or sympathy; unconcerned.

Hinglish

• Meanings in Hindi:
• ​Gullible- आसानी से धोखा खानेवाला
• Cynical- ऐसी धारणा जिससे ऐसा लगे कि लोग हमेशा अपने मतलब के लिए जीते हैं
• Indifferent- उदासीन

The correct answer is "Administered"

Key Points 

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Administered- deal out or inflict (punishment).
• The retribution was administered to those found guilty.
• Justice must be always dealt out.
• The correct sentence will be "Justice should be administered even-handedly."

Hence, the correct answer is "option 4".

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult word:
• Discharged-tell (someone) officially that they can or must leave a place or situation.

Hinglish 

• Meaning in Hindi:
• Administered- क़ानूनी तौर पे कुछ सजा सुनाना
• Example: The retribution was administered to those found guilty.
• performed- प्रदर्शन किया
• Declared- घोषित
• **Discharged-**छुट्टी दे दी

The correct answer is "Unequivocal"

Key Points 

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Unequivocal- leaving no doubt
• She gave an unequivocal answer.
• "In unequivocal terms" means very clearly.
• The correct sentence is "The leader of the opposition party condemned the communal riots in unequivocal terms."

Hence, the correct answer is "option 3".

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult words:
• Unparliamentary- (especially of language) is contrary to the rules or procedures of parliament.
• ambiguous- full of doubts, not clear
• Uncontrollable- can't be controlled

Hinglish 

• Meaning in Hindi:
• Unequivocal- स्पष्ट
• She gave an unequivocal answer.
• Unparliamentary- असंसदीय
• ambiguous- अस्पष्ट
• Uncontrollable- जिसे नियंत्रित नहीं किया जा सकता

The correct answer is "extravagantly"

Key Points 

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Extravagantly- with a lack of restraint in spending money or using resources
• Example: My sister spends money extravagantly.
• "In unequivocal terms" means very clearly.
• The complete sentence is "They should not spend extravagantly as they are financially weak."

Hence, the correct answer is "option 1".

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult words:
• Prudentially- carefully
• Misery- a state or feeling of great physical or mental distress or discomfort.
• WIsely- in a wise way

Hinglish 

• Meaning in Hindi:
• Extravagantly- (पैसा उड़ाना )बिना सोचे समझे 
• My sister spends money extravagantly.
• Prudentially- बुद्धिमत्ता के साथ
• Misery- दुर्गति
• WIsely- समझदारी से

The correct answer is "Flagrant"

Key Points  

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Flagrant-(of an action considered wrong or immoral) conspicuously or obviously offensive.
• Example: Eating illegal foods is a flagrant violation of the law.
• Flagrant violation means openly bad
• The correct sentence is "The Government's handling of the situation led to Flagrant violations of human rights."**

Hence, the correct answer is "option 4".

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult words:
• Tumultuous- making an uproar or loud, confused noise.
• obvious- easily perceived or understood
• ostensible- stated or appearing to be true, but not necessarily so.

Hinglish 

• Meaning in Hindi:
• Flagrant-किसी काम का साफ़ गलत होना .
• Example: Eating illegal foods is a flagrant violation of the law.
• Tumultous-अंशातिप्रिय.
• obivious- स्पष्ट
• ostensible- जो सही दीखता या लगता हो पर हो न .

The correct answer is "caused"

Key Points   

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• caused- make (something, especially something bad) happen.
• Example: My mother's ridiculous actions caused me to react.
• The injury was cause by bullet
• The complete sentence is "A bullet caused injury on his cheek."**

Hence, the correct answer is "option 1".

Hinglish  

• Meaning in Hindi:
• caused- किसी कारन कुछ होना 
• Example: My mother's ridiculous actions caused me to react.
• put- कही पर कुछ रखना
• pierced- छेड़ करना, फाड़ना
• created- बनाना

The correct answer is "Shocked"

Key Points   

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Shocked-affect with physiological shock.
• Example: The patient was shocked at his oxygen level.
• Shocked is used in a negative sense(accident or trouble)

Hence, the correct answer is "option 1".

Additional Information  

• Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult words:
• Amazed- greatly surprised; astonished.
• Surprized-  feeling or showing surprise.
• Amused- finding something funny or entertaining.

Hinglish 

• Meaning in Hindi:
• Shocked-किसी कारन धक्का लगाना .
• Example: The patient was shocked at his oxygen level.
• Amazed-अचम्बभित .
• Surprised-  अचम्बभित .
• Amused- कुछ मजाकिया लगना

The correct answer is "Salutary"

Key Points    

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Salutary-producing good effects; beneficial.
• Example: The leader's speech had a salutary impact on his teammates.
• Salutary is generally used in a positive impacts.
• The complete sentence *"*The teacher's counsel had a salutary effect on the mischievous student's conduct."

Hence, the correct answer is "option 2"

Hinglish  

• Meanings in Hindi:
• Salutary-अच्छा प्रभाव .
• Example: The leader's speech had a salutary impact on his teammates.
• Memorable- यादगार
• Sudden- अचानक
• Foreceful- जबरदस्ती

The correct answer is "IIl, IV, I, II, V"

Key Points

• Let's find the 1^st word of the sentence.
• There is a subject at the beginning of any sentence. The subject is mostly a noun or a pronoun.
• Among the given words, children and games are nouns.
• (III) Children are living beings so it is more likely that this will be the subject.
• the noun will be followed by an auxiliary verb (IV are).
• The third form of the verb will come after 'are'.
• The preposition in is used after interested**(I. interested)**.
• The preposition (II in) will follow "interested".
• Finally, an object will come (V games)

Hence, the correct sentence: Children are interested in games. 

 

Additional Information 

• Look at the following positions of various parts of speech in various types of sentences;
• verb
• Stop!
• noun verb
• John works.
• noun verb verb
• John is working.
• pronoun verb noun
• She loves animals.
• noun verb noun adverb
• Tara speaks English well.
• noun verb adjective noun
• Tara speaks good English.
• pronoun verb preposition determiner noun adverb
• She ran to the station quickly.
• pron. verb adj. noun conjunction pron. verb pron.
• She likes big snakes but I hate them.

The correct answer is "III, I, V, II, IV"

Key Points

• Let's find the 1^st word of the sentence.
• There should be a subject at the beginning of any sentence. The subject is mostly a noun or a pronoun.
• Here "(III. He)" is a pronoun so it will be the first word.
• After that an auxiliary verb**(I. was)** will come.
• The main verb**(V. ready)** will come after the auxiliary verb.
• "To + infinitive"(II. to and IV. go) comes after the main verb.

Hence, the complete sentence is "He was ready to go"

Additional Information

• Infinitives are a special form of verbs that can be used as a noun, adjectives, or adverbs. They are usually made by adding the word to before the base verb, and they can be useful when discussing actions without actually doing the action:
• Look at the following positions of various parts of speech in various types of sentences;
• verb
• Stop!
• noun verb
• John works.
• noun verb verb
• John is working.
• pronoun verb noun
• She loves animals.
• noun verb noun adverb
• Tara speaks English well.
• noun verb adjective noun
• Tara speaks good English.
• pronoun verb preposition determiner noun adverb
• She ran to the station quickly.
• pron. verb adj. noun conjunction pron. verb pron.
• She likes big snakes but I hate them.

The correct answer is "V, I, III, II, IV"

Key Points

• Let's find the first word of the sentence:
• The first word of the sentence is the subject of the sentence.
• Generally, a noun or a pronoun is the 1^st word of any sentence.
• If there are two nouns, living beings are more probably a subject.
• Examples:
• I have a dog.
• I have a car.
• "(V. we)" is a pronoun, it should be the 1^st word.
• A verb**(I. found)** should follow a noun if there is no auxiliary.
• The next words will be (III. his, II. lost IV. book), as it should that what we found.

Hence, the correct sentence is "We found his lost book"

The correct answer is "II, V, III, I, IV​"

Key Points

• Let's find the first word of the sentence: 
• The first word of the sentence is the subject of the sentence.
• Generally, a noun or a pronoun is the 1^st word of any sentence.
• If there are two pronouns, the subjective pronoun will come 1^st.
• Examples:
• She knows me.
• I called her.
• "(II. he)" is a pronoun, it should be the 1^st word, it's a subjective pronoun.
• An auxiliary verb (V. was) will follow
• A verb**(III. proud)** should follow the auxiliary verb.
• The next words will be (I. of IV. me), as it shows whom he was proud of.

Hence, the correct sentence is "He was proud of me"

The correct answer is "IV, I, III, V, II"

Key Points 

• Let's find the first word of the sentence: 
• The first word of the sentence is the subject of the sentence.
• Generally, a noun or a pronoun is the 1^st word of any sentence.
• If there are two pronouns, the subjective pronoun will come 1^st.
• Examples:
• She knows me.
• I called her.
• There are two pronouns, your and me
• There is also a noun, "decision".
• Your is a possessive noun which shows possession**:**
• ​Your car, Your cake.
• "(IV. Your I. decision)" will be the first two words in this sentence.
• A verb**(lII. made)** will follow a noun.
• (V. me II. happy) will follow next because it shows the results of "your decision" ,and also "me" is an objective pronoun

Hence, the correct sentence is "Your decision made me happy"

The correct answer is "Invincible".

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Invincible- That which can not be defeated.
• Example: The Australian cricket team was invincible in 2006.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 1"

Additional Information

• Let's look at the other words:
• Linguist- a person skilled in foreign languages.
• Philanderer-(of a man) readily or frequently enter into casual sexual relationships with women.
• Edible- thing that can be eaten.

Hinglish

• Meanings in Hindi:
• Invincible- अजेय
• Example: The Australian cricket team was invincible in 2006.
• Linguist- जिसको बहुत से भाषा का ज्ञान हो
• Philanderer-लड़कियों से शारीरिक सम्बन्ध बनाने वाला
• Edible- जिससे खाया जा सके

The correct answer is "Anonymous".

Key Points 

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Anonymous- (of a person) not identified by name; of unknown name.
• Example: The telegram has no name on it, it seems anonymous.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 3"

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the other words:
• Biography- a life story of some human.
• Gratis- without charge; free.

Hinglish 

• Meanings in Hindi:
• Anonymous- अनाम.
• Example: The telegram has no name on it, it seems anonymous.
• Biography-जीवनी.
• Gratis-मुफ्त; नि: शुल्क

The correct answer is "Indelible".

Key Points 

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Indelible- (of ink or a pen) making marks that cannot be removed.
• Example: The mark created by that pen is indelible.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 2"

Additional Information  

• Let's look at the other words:
• Incurable- which can not be cured
• Biped- an animal that uses two legs for walking.
• Stale- (of food) no longer fresh and pleasant to eat; hard, musty, or dry.

Hinglish 

• Meanings in Hindi:
• Indelible- जिसको मिटाया न जा सके 
• Example: The mark created by that pen is indelible.
• Incurable- जिसको ठीक न किया जा सके
• Biped- दो पैरों का
• Stale- बासी

The correct answer is "Atheist".

Key Points 

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Athiest- who don't believe in god.
• Example: The famous actor Johnny Depp is an atheist.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 4"

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the other words:
• Feminist- who has an inclination towards women
• Domicile - the country that a person treats as their permanent home
• Altruist- a person who cares about others.

Hinglish 

• Meanings in Hindi:
• Athiest- जो भगवन पे विशवस नहीं करता, नास्तिक .
• Example: The famous actor Johnny Depp is an atheist.
• Feminist- नारीवादी
• Domicile- आवास
• Altruist- जो दुसरो का मदद करने के लिए तत्पर रहता हो

The correct answer is "Illegible".

Key Points 

• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Illegible- The handwriting which can not be easily read.
• Example: My sister's writing is disgusting, it's illegible to read**.**

Hence, the correct answer is "option 4"

Additional Information 

• Let's look at the other words:
• Incorrible- the mistake which can't be corrected.
• Illegal- which is not legal
• illiterate- unable to read or write..

Hinglish 

• Meanings in Hindi:
• Illegible- ऐसी राइटिंग जो समझ में न आये .
• Example: My sister's writing is disgusting, it's illegible to read.
• Incorrible- जिसका सुधार न हो सके
• Illegal- गैरकानूनी
• illiterate-अनपढ़

The correct answer is "grief"

Key Points

• Let's look at the context of the following sentence in the given passage:
• Unfortunately, the strife, the stress and the tension of modern life have made people immune to the beauties of nature. Their life is so full of care that they have no time to stand and stare.
• The usage of the word "care" is quite satirical as we can see from the previous sentence.
• "Unfortunately, the strife, the stress and the tension of modern life have made people immune to the beauties of nature."
• The author is referring to the strife and grief by using the word "care"

Hence, the correct answer is "option 1"

The correct answer is "conceal"

Key Points

• Let's look at the meaning of the word, given in the question:
• Unfold- make (something) visible by uncovering it.
• Example: Nature unfolds his creativity in helping me get success.
• Let's look at the meaning of the selected word:
• Conceal- to hide
• Example: He tried to conceal the money when his mother came.
• "Conceal" is the opposite of "unfold".

Hence, the correct answer is "option 2"

Additional Information

• Let's look at the meanings of the other difficult word:
• Perpetuate- make (something) continue indefinitely.

The wrong statement is "The early man was scared of Nature"

Key Points

• The 1^st line of the 1^st paragraph of the passage is "Nature is an infinite source of beauty."
• Hence, option 1 is correct.
• The 1^st line of the 2^nd paragraph of the passage is "Nature is a great teacher"
• ​Hence, option 3 is correct.
• The 3^rd sentence of the 2^nd paragraph is "The Aryans worshipped nature."
• ​Hence, option 4 is correct.
• The passage doesn't mention anything about nature is scaring.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 2"

The correct answer is "healthy attitude"

Key Points

• Let's look at the highlighted lines of the second paragraph.
• Nature is a great teacher. Early man was thrilled with the beauty and wonders of nature. The Aryans worshipped nature. One can learn lessons in the vast school of nature. Unfortunately, the strife, the stress and the tension of modern life have made people immune to the beauties of nature. Their life is so full of care that they have no time to stand and stare. They cannot enjoy the beauty of lowing rivers, swinging trees, flying birds and majestic mountains and hills. There is, however, a cry to go back to the village from the concrete and artificial jungle of cities. Hence the town planners of today pay special attention to providing enough natural scenic spots in town planning To develop a balanced personality, one needs to have a healthy attitude which can make us appreciate and enjoy the beauty of nature. There is another balm to soothe our tired souls and listless minds than the infinite nature all around us. We should enjoy it fully to lead a balanced and harmonious life, full of peace and tranquillity.

Hence, the correct answer is "option 3"